En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis de características narrativas y técnicas de reporteo presentes en las crónicas de maestros de la Fundación Gabo (antes Fundación Gabriel García Márquez para el Nuevo Periodismo Iberoamericano). Los maestros seleccionados están antalogados en dos antologías de crónica (Antología de crónica latinoamericana actual, de Darío Jaramillo; y Mejor que ficción, de Jorge Carrión) y forman parte del movimiento del Nuevo Periodismo Latinoamericano. De este grupo de autores, se seleccionan crónicas publicadas en libros entre el 2000 y 2012. Para definir los indicadores literarios, se utiliza como referencia determinadas características narrativas desarrolladas por Mario Vargas Llosa en su obra Cartas a un joven novelista y para establecer los indicadores periodísticas se usa como referencia artículos desarrollados por cronistas representativos del Nuevo Periodismo Latinoamericano. A partir del análisis, se concluye que existen características narrativas y de reporteo similares entre el grupo de cronistas escogidos. / This thesis describes the narrative characteristics and reporting techniques of non-fiction texts written by Gabo Foundation’s teachers. Authors selected are part of two anthologies focused in New Journalism non-fiction texts (Antología de crónica latinoamericana actual, by Darío Jaramillo; y Mejor que ficción, by Jorge Carrión); and also are part of New Latin American Journalism movement. From this group of authors, this thesis choose non-fiction texts published between 2000 and 2012. To define the narrative characteristics, a book of Mario Vargas Llosa, named Cartas a un joven novelista, is used. To define the reporting techniques, articles of recognized authors of New Latin American Journalism are used. From the analysis, it is concluded that there are similar literary and journalistic characteristics among the group of selected authors. / Tesis

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:46:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wilson Kret.pdf: 691525 bytes, checksum: 97dbc3d2b44311f7ae1c0f3053c6cfa8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-13 / This thesis attempts to study the Gonzo Journalism in Brazil. The purpose is to analyse the reportage published by Trip magazine, which is an example of this journalistic genre, as well as to explore linguistic and speech procedures. Firstly, the work tries to review shortly, based on specialised bibliography, the linguistics development until the Speech Analysis School. The aim is to offer a brief but necessary base of theory to the reader. The essay presents the concepts and a historic trajectory of the three following speech genre of journalism: Literary Journalism, New Journalism and Gonzo Journalism. The corpus will be analised from the perspectives of genre and textual elements that are typical of Gonzo Journalism. It means to observe thematic and structural components. Hence, the chosen theories are the speech analysis of French School and the genre study proposed by the Russian critic Mikhail Bakhtin (1895-1975). The study's main concern is to study the genre concept in order to categorize the journalistic corpus. The research is focused on Gonzo Journalism, since it analyses two selected news reporting published in 2005 and 2006. However, it was necessary to present the other journalistic genres with the aim of verify their fluid character, contributions and influences. Besides, the work deals with the types of support and the development of the adopted magazine, regarding the international context. Created in 1986, Trip is recognized, in Brazil, due to the space dedicated to Gonzo reportage. It is considered alternative, contemporary and it became an editorial phenomenon between young and influent people. The magazine has today 187 thousand readers. Despite the vast critic works produced in the last years about speech analysis, this thesis supports that this reportage style is undervalued by the academia. Therefore, the major bulk is to contribute to Gonzo Journalism studies, as soon as to reveal its importance, originality and specificity. / A presente dissertação propõe uma reflexão sobre o Jornalismo Gonzo no Brasil. O propósito é analisar reportagens publicadas na revista Trip, representativas desse gênero jornalístico, e explorar procedimentos lingüísticos e discursivos. O trabalho se inicia com um balanço da recepção crítica, que parte do desenvolvimento da lingüística até chegar à análise do discurso. A intenção é oferecer ao leitor uma breve, porém necessária, base teórica. Optou-se por apresentar os conceitos e o percurso histórico de três gêneros do discurso jornalístico: o Jornalismo Literário, o New Journalism e o Jornalismo Gonzo. O corpus será analisado sob as perspectivas de gênero e dos elementos constitutivos do texto do Jornalismo Gonzo. Tal processo implica observar elementos temáticos e estruturais. Dentre os principais referenciais teóricos estão a análise do discurso de linha francesa e o estudo de gêneros proposto pelo pensador russo Mikhail Bakhtin (1895-1975). O conceito de gênero norteia o trabalho e serve de base para a caracterização do corpus jornalístico. Apesar de a pesquisa se deter no Jornalismo Gonzo, por meio da interpretação de duas reportagens publicadas em 2005 e 2006, fez-se necessária a apresentação dos outros dois gêneros, a fim de verificar seu caráter fluido, suas contribuições e apropriações. A pesquisa busca abordar, ainda, a questão do suporte e o processo de desenvolvimento da revista selecionada, sem perder de vista o panorama internacional. Lançada em 1986, a Trip notabilizou-se, no Brasil, por dedicar espaço à reportagem gonzo. Considerada alternativa e contemporânea, tornou-se um fenômeno editorial importante entre o público jovem formador de opinião. Tem atualmente 187 mil leitores. Apesar da vasta fortuna crítica que se formou, nos últimos anos, sobre a análise do discurso, a dissertação parte do pressuposto de que esse estilo de reportagem ainda é considerado um gênero menor pela academia. Nesse sentido, o objetivo final é contribuir para os estudos do Jornalismo Gonzo no Brasil, bem como desvelar sua importância, originalidade e especificidade.

This doctoral thesis explores the literarity of reportage, with a focus on the 20th century and modern reportage. The aim is to describe the literary strategies used in modern text-based reportage and how these strategies relate to journalistic standards of credibility and ethics. A primary focus is the question of what the reportage is looking for in the literary, what happens to this literarity when it is used for journalistic purposes, and, in turn, how the literary establishes ethics in the text.        By suggesting that a piece of reportage is a journalistic text that simultaneously tells the story about the reporter’s encounter with the event, this dissertation sheds light on possible approaches to the concept of literarity: Subjectivity, narrativity, meta-narrative aspects, the poetic function of language and the performative movements in the text. The ethics of reportage is also to be derived from the encounter, and this thesis implements a concept of ethics in conversations with Emmanuel Levinas and dialogical philosophy. It provides an opportunity to separate ethics from moral, ideological and political dimensions of responsibility in the encounter. This aspect of ethics, where literarity and counter-movement operate beyond the direct intention, is what is needed to understand the reportage genre.      The dissertation also includes six longer reportage analyses embodying its results: Djuna Barnes’s, Vagaries Malicieux, Ryszard Kapuściński’s Another Day of Life, Truman Capote’s In Cold Blood, Hanna Krall’s A Tale for Hollywood, Sven Lindqvist’s Kina nu: Vad skulle Mao ha sagt? and Joan Didion’s, Slouching towards Bethlehem.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3008.pdf: 1357654 bytes, checksum: 1eeb7c10aa286842a845b4df69e5c89f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-25 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / From a diagnosis according to which there is a gap between common people and the research and development institutions, some studies in the public communication of science aim to gather solutions for reducing it a process in which journalism may be a key tool. This paper aims to analyze science reportages published in three magazines Ciência Hoje, Pesquisa Fapesp and piauí that have narrative aspects. Since the press uses many strategies to bring its public closer to science, we assume that the immersion reportage, using literary techniques, may be a way to achieve it. This research explores the narrative and discourse construction in science journalism and how the pieces handle polyphonic discourses, in order to identify literary journalism characteristics, diversity of themes and approaches to science, as well as to select some procedures which science reporters may use in newscovering. Our corpus was analyzed in a qualitative approache according to Bakhtin s discourse theories and the propositions of Science, Technology and Society and public communication of science studies, in order to promote a better interaction between science and other forms of knowledge, and also to bring a constructive view of science. / A partir do diagnóstico de um afastamento entre o público geral e o universo das instituições de ensino e pesquisa, os estudos em comunicação e percepção pública da ciência buscam soluções para que isso se reverta processo em que o jornalismo possui papel fundamental. Este trabalho se propõe a analisar reportagens de ciência publicadas nas revistas Ciência Hoje, Pesquisa Fapesp e piauí que apresentem características narrativas. Uma vez que a imprensa escrita por vezes utiliza variadas estratégias para aproximar seu público da atividade científica, partimos do pressuposto de que a reportagem em profundidade, com o uso de técnicas narrativas, pode suprir essa demanda. A pesquisa investiga a construção narrativa e discursiva no jornalismo científico e como as reportagens lidam com os diversos discursos presentes, com o objetivo de identificar nelas elementos do jornalismo literário, diversidade temática e as formas de abordagem da atividade científica, bem como distinguir procedimentos reprodutíveis para repórteres de ciência. O corpus foi analisado segundo as teorias discursivas de Bakhtin e as perspectivas dos estudos em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade e comunicação pública da ciência, de modo a promover uma interação entre ciência e outros campos do conhecimento e de trazer uma compreensão da construção social da ciência.

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / Considerando Kovach e Rosenstiel (2004) para quem os jornalistas devem fornecer informaÃÃes por meio de uma escrita atraente e envolvente, esta pesquisa reflete sobre as estratÃgias discursivas aproximativas, usadas pelo jornal Folha de S. Paulo, durante a cobertura da Campanha pelas Diretas JÃ. Tendo como referÃncia metodolÃgica a anÃlise do discurso, da tradiÃÃo francesa, foram analisadas 88 reportagens da editoria de polÃtica da Folha de S. Paulo, publicadas entre 13/01/1984 e 26/04/1984. Com esta pesquisa, objetivou-se, especificamente: identificar as estratÃgias discursivas aproximativas utilizadas durante a cobertura; ver como essas estratÃgias ajudaram a despertar o interesse pela temÃtica, popularizando a Campanha e por fim, verificar como a escolha por essas estratÃgias ajudaram a estabelecer laÃos de cumplicidade entre o jornal e o seu leitor, durante as Diretas JÃ. Ao final da anÃlise, inferiu-se, dentre outros resultados, que: a Folha de S. Paulo priorizou as reportagens escritas sob uma perspectiva literÃria; a sentimentalidade foi enfatizada em praticamente todas as reportagens analisadas; a presenÃa explÃcita do repÃrter nos textos ajudou a construir um laÃo de cumplicidade entre os leitores e a Folha; e o destaque dado Ãs histÃrias de vida de pessoas comuns, na grande maioria moradores das periferias das grandes cidades, contribuiu para que o cidadÃo-comum se reconhecesse como participante-ativo da Campanha. Concluiu-se, tambÃm, que as estratÃgias discursivas utilizadas contribuÃram para estimular a participaÃÃo da sociedade brasileira contribuindo para que a mobilizaÃÃo fosse adotada como uma manifestaÃÃo popular e nÃo puramente polÃtica. / Considering Kovach and Rosenstiel (2004) for whom the journalists must supply information by an attractive and involving writing, this research reflects on the aproximant discursive strategies used for the periodical Folha de S. Paulo, during the covering of the Campaign for the Diretas JÃ. Having as metodological reference the analysis of the speech, of Freench tradition, 88 news articles of the editorial of politics of the Folha de S. Paulo, published between 13/01/1984 and 26/04/1984, was analized. With this research, it was objectified, specifically: to identify the use of the aproximant discursive strategies during the covering; to know how these strategies helped to arouse the interest for the thematic, popularizing the Campaign and finally, to verify as the choice for these strategies had helped to establish complicity ties between the periodical and its reader, during the Diretas JÃ. At the end of the analysis, it was inferred, amongst other results, that: Folha de S.Paulo prioritized the new articles written under a literary perpective; the sentimentality was emphasized in practically all the new articles analyzed; the explicit presence of the reporter in the texts helped to construct to a complicity ties between the readers and the Folha; and the prominence given to histories of life of common people, most of them living of the peripheries of the big cities, contributed so that the citizen-common recognized himself as an active participant in the Campaign. It was also concluded, also, that the use of the discursive strategies had contributed to stimulate the participation of the Brazilian society contributing to the mobilization was adopted as a popular manifestation and not politics only.

Dans la seconde moitié des années soixante naissent aux États-Unis le rock et la critique rock.Les participants de ces deux sphères s'unissent jusqu'à former une camaraderie, mais de cette rencontre surgit aussi un troisième champ. Ni vraiment musical, ni totalement critique, celui-ci est avant tout « littéraire ». Il nous met au défi de parler de critique rock pour mieux discuter de littérature et non de musique. C'est dans ce paradoxe apparent que Lester Bangs évolue par exemple. Génie tutélaire de ce petit groupe d'auteurs formés au sein des premiers fanzines et magazines rock, il ne décrit pas seulement les mythes rock ; il interroge aussi leur écriture. Plus avant, ce qui se dessine dans ses textes est le portrait du jeune écrivain « débutant » issu de la grande tradition du « journalisme littéraire ». Cela crée des liens entre les conditions d'accès à l'écriture dans la presse et le devenir « écrivain » en littérature. De même, trouve-t-on des annonces et des échos de ces discours dans le « cinéma direct » américain de l'époque, ainsi que dans la critique rock française. Le film Dont Look Back de Donn Alan Pennebaker par exemple montre déjà dès 1965 la nécessité de la création d'une critique non-journalistique sur le rock. Puis, Yves Adrien s'inspire de l'œuvre de Lester Bangs. Et enfin aujourd'hui à plus de quarante ans de distance, toujours Nick Tosches, Peter Guralnick, Greil Marcus et Lenny Kaye reconstruisent en paroles cette première expérience d'écriture et de publication. Aussi, cette thèse étudiera la création inattendue d'un champ littéraire au sein de la critique rock sur un plan mythographique : bien qu'éphémère, celui-ci s'avèrera fécond / In the second half of the sixties, rock music and rock criticism emerge in the United States. The protagonists of the two spheres gather to create a sense of camaraderie, but a third field also arises from that encounter. It is first and foremost a literary one, neither really musical, nor completely criticism-oriented. As a result, it challenges us to discuss rock criticism in order to better understand literature rather than music. Lester Bangs in particular dwells within that apparent paradox. As the figurehead of this little group of authors formed in early rock fanzines and magazines, he not only describes the rock myths but also discusses the way they are written. The portrait of the “aspiring writer” originating from the tradition of “literary journalism” also appears in his texts. This links the conditions of writing in the press to the situation of the fresh writer-to-be in literature. Similarly, auguries and echoes of such discourses can be found during the same period in American “direct cinema” and French rock criticism. For instance Donn Alan Pennebaker already underlines in 1965 the need for a non-journalistic criticism on rock in his documentary Dont Look Back. Later, Yves Adrien follows Lester Bangs works. Finally, forty years on, Nick Tosches, Peter Guralnick, Greil Marcus and Lenny Kaye continue today to reshape verbally this initial experience of writing and publishing. This thesis studies the unexpected birth of a new literary field through mythography. Though short-lived, it was nonetheless fecund

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This doctoral thesis studies the relationship between journalism and literature in contexts in which freedom of speech is at risk. It takes as primary sources a variety of nonfiction, crónicas, literary journalism and testimonial novels published by Latin American authors in Spanish, from the 1950s to the 2000s. I propose the concept ‘documentary narratives’ to refer to all literary modes of discourse which are related, in diverse degrees, to a journalistic representation of reality. My corpus covers a wide range of topics such as social protests, dictatorships, civil wars, natural disaster, crime and migration. While scholars have focused on the rhetoric and history of this kind of narratives, my reading considers the real, face-to-face encounter between the journalist and others. I argue that the representation of these encounters influences the pact with the reader and challenges the notion of truthfulness. I contend that documentary narratives can serve as a tool for the transmission of knowledge and the production of public debate in societies marked by political and social instability. In a world overwhelmed by data production and immersed in violent acts against those to be considered ‘Others’, I argue that storytelling is still an essential form of communication among individuals, classes and cultures. Contrary to the authors’s intentions of documenting others’ lives, I conclude that these stories offer an (interrupted) account of oneself, that is, the account of a contemporary storyteller pursuing a rarely fulfilled desire of getting to know the Other truly. The thesis has two appendices. Appendix 1 showcases archival material that support some of my arguments. Appendix 2 includes the transcripts of the interviews that I conducted with eight Latin American authors: Elena Poniatowska, Leila Guerriero, Cristian Alarcón, Arturo Fontaine, Santiago Roncagliolo, Francisco Goldman, Martín Caparrós, and Juan Villoro.