<p><p>To be a market leader, low cost and responsiveness are the key success factors. Logistics activities create high cost reducing competitiveness of the company, especially for the remote production base. Thus, logistics activities which are delivery planning, freight forwarder and delivery mode selection must be optimized. The focusing area of this paper is inbound logistics due to its big proportion in the total cost and involvement with several stakeholders. The optimization theory and Microsoft Excel’s Solver is used to create the standard optimization tools since it is an efficient and user friendly program. The models are developed based on the supply chain management theory in order to achieve the lowest cost, responsiveness and shared objectives. 2 delivery planning optimization models, container loading for fixed slitting and loading pattern and container loading for pallet loaded material, are formulated. Also, delivery mode selection is constructed by using optimization concept to determine the best alternative. Furthermore, freight forwarder selection process is created by extending the use of the delivery mode selection model. The results express that safety stock, loading pattern, transport mode, and minimum order quantity (MOQ) significantly affect the total logistics cost. Including hidden costs, long transit time and delay penalties, leads freight forwarder selection process to become more realistic and reliable. Shorter processing time, ensured optimal solution, transparency increase and better communication are gained by using these optimization models. However, the proper boundaries must be defined carefully to gain the feasible solution.</p></p>

To be a market leader, low cost and responsiveness are the key success factors. Logistics activities create high cost reducing competitiveness of the company, especially for the remote production base. Thus, logistics activities which are delivery planning, freight forwarder and delivery mode selection must be optimized. The focusing area of this paper is inbound logistics due to its big proportion in the total cost and involvement with several stakeholders. The optimization theory and Microsoft Excel’s Solver is used to create the standard optimization tools since it is an efficient and user friendly program. The models are developed based on the supply chain management theory in order to achieve the lowest cost, responsiveness and shared objectives. 2 delivery planning optimization models, container loading for fixed slitting and loading pattern and container loading for pallet loaded material, are formulated. Also, delivery mode selection is constructed by using optimization concept to determine the best alternative. Furthermore, freight forwarder selection process is created by extending the use of the delivery mode selection model. The results express that safety stock, loading pattern, transport mode, and minimum order quantity (MOQ) significantly affect the total logistics cost. Including hidden costs, long transit time and delay penalties, leads freight forwarder selection process to become more realistic and reliable. Shorter processing time, ensured optimal solution, transparency increase and better communication are gained by using these optimization models. However, the proper boundaries must be defined carefully to gain the feasible solution.

Mit der Entwicklung der Logistik von einer Dienstleistungsfunktion zu einem Führungskonzept besteht die Notwendigkeit, im Rahmen des Logistikmanagements komplexeren Anforderungen aus einem dynamischen Unternehmensumfeld zu begegnen. Dazu gehören veränderte Kundenanforderungen und Wettbewerbsbedingungen, oder auch der Umweltschutz. Logistische Prozesse, deren Umweltleistung sich bisher eher im Hintergrund der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung befand, sind umfassenderen umweltbezogenen Anforderungen ausgesetzt. Bestehende Zeit-, Raum- und Flexibilitätsanforderungen können jedoch unter den gegebenen Rahmenbedingungen durch alternative, ökologisch gestaltete Logistikprozesse nicht erfüllt werden. Um diesem dynamischen Umfeld gerecht zu werden, ist der ständige Wandel selbst ein Merkmal erfolgreicher Unternehmen und - insofern die Logistik einen elementaren Bestandteil des Unternehmens verkörpert - ihrer Logistikkompetenz. Methoden und Instrumente des Logistikmanagements, die bisher zur Verfolgung logistischer Erfolgsfaktoren dienten und den Erfolg der Logistik bestimmten, werden in dieser Arbeit auf ihre Eignung zur Unterstützung des Umweltschutzes betrachtet. Es wird am Beispiel von Entsorgungsunternehmen untersucht, wie die Logistikkompetenz durch die Anwendung logistischer Erfolgsfaktoren verbessert und das Logistikmanagement ökologisch ausgestaltet werden kann. Erprobte Denkweisen und Gestaltungsprinzipien des Logistikmanagements sowie Erfolgsfaktoren der Logistik werden auf Unternehmen der Abfallwirtschaft übertragen. Die Entwicklung eines Modells für die prozessorientierte Gestaltung der Entsorgungslogistik manifestiert eine neue Sichtweise, die Entsorgungsunternehmen als Logistikdienstleister in der Abfallwirtschaft in den Mittelpunkt stellt. Mit diesem Prozessmodell wird eine systematische Situationsanalyse der Durchführung der Entsorgungsaufgaben vorgenommen. Die Ergebnisse der empirischen Untersuchung ermöglichen die Leistungstransparenz und die Leistungsbewertung der Entsorgungslogistik sowie ein Vergleich der Logistikkompetenz mit Unternehmen anderer Branchen.

La France est constellée de plus de 2 000 festivals de musiques qui représentent des enjeux socio-économiques importants en péril du fait de la combinaison d'une réduction des financements et d'une hausse des charges. Bien loin d'être anecdotique, ce constat trouve un écho particulier au regard du chercheur en Sciences de Gestion qui voit dans ces festivals des cas extrêmes d'organisations aujourd'hui omniprésentes : les Organisations Temporaires (OT). La recherche s'oriente alors sur la compréhension de l'articulation entre continuité organisationnelle et management logistique dans les OT, dans l'optique d'identifier l'impact de cette relation sur la pérennité d'OT récurrentes, à l'image des festivals de musiques, mais aussi des interventions humanitaires ou militaires. La question de recherche suivante est alors posée : "Comment la continuité organisationnelle et le management logistique peuvent-ils contribuer conjointement à la pérennité d'une organisation temporaire ?". La thèse s'appuie sur une méthodologie qualitative d'étude de cas de festivals de musiques actuelles et se scinde en deux temps : un premier, focalisé sur la continuité organisationnelle, conduit à la mise en évidence d'un phénomène pulsatoire d'évolution de la structure et des modes de coordination, puis un second, orienté sur le management logistique, note la place centrale des compétences logistiques dans la pérennité des OT. Il ressort de la thèse que l'un des enjeux pour les gestionnaires de festivals de musiques actuelles réside dans le développement, la conservation, et la mobilisation de compétences logistiques, principalement durant des phases transitoires en amont et en aval des événements. / Today, France is dotted with more than 2 000 music festivals, which represent important social and economic issues, threatened by the combination of a funding decreasing and charges increasing. Far from trivial, this finding has a special resonance for the management researcher who saw these music festivals as an extreme case of pervasive organizational form: the Temporary Organizations (TO). In this context, the thesis work on understanding the articulation between organizational continuity and logistics management in the TO to try to identify the impact of this relation on continuation of TO with repetitive projects like music festivals but also like humanitarians or military interventions. A research question can then be asked: " How organizational continuity and logistics management can they jointly contribute to the continuation of a temporary organization ?". The thesis is supported by a qualitative methodology based on four case studies of French actual music festivals and is split in two parts: the first one focused on the organizational continuity and highlight a pulsatory phenomena which lead to evolutions of the structures and the ways of coordination in the organization, the second part is focused on the logistics management and show the strategic place of the logistics competencies on the continuation of TO. At the end, the thesis show that one of the most important challenge for music festival managers resides in the development, the conservation, and the mobilisation of specifics logistics competencies, especially in transitional phases in upstream and downstream of the events.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissBPCC.pdf: 1510754 bytes, checksum: a9d9818f9caf9b5f70771713dbc50739 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-28 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Addressees the systematization of logistical and commercial aspects of São Paulo s sugar exports through Santos Port facilities. Local political and economical liberal transformations that took place by the beginning of 90 s had seen Estate assets being given to private investments (both in agricultural and port operations). As a result, this new institutional environment allowed the occurrence of hybrids corporate structures to coordinate logistical sugar and alcohol-ethanol exports from inland facilities to the Santos port. The main question is how this adaptation interferes on infrastructural and operational logistics management derived from new transactions within international sugar mayor traders. The main units of analysis are: i) São Paulo s state sugar producers (industrial plants) and port logistics providers; ii) port logistics providers and food trading companies. Results shall foster the comprehension on logistical process and relations amongst the three main actors across the sugar plantsport facilities chain. There are three goals to be achieved: i) identify the total extent of logistical domain across sugar s distributional channels via port of Santos; ii) how logistical assets and processes are developed or provided within those actors; iii) describe the difference among Santos port operations service providers, in relation value-added competitive basis. Theoretical framework blends logistics and supply chain management with foreign trade prospects as a guideline to collect data and empirical evidences. This works object is the São Paulo sugar plants-port of Santos facilities logistics chain. / Esta dissertação trata dos aspectos logísticos da cadeia terrestre e portuária de escoamento do açúcar paulista pelo Porto de Santos. A problemática desta pesquisa considera as transformações políticas e econômicas resultantes da desregulamentação do setor sucroalcooleiro, datadas do início da década de 90, e da concessão dos serviços portuários na metade daquela década. Este novo ambiente institucional possibilitou a ocorrência de novas formas organizacionais para a coordenação das operações logísticas para exportação de commodities sucroalcooleiras (açúcar e álcool) pelos portos brasileiros. Estudos multi-casos de cunho qualitativo compõem a estratégia de pesquisa. As unidades de análise são compostas pelos seguintes pares: i) terminais portuários açucareiros e a indústria sucroalcooleira paulista; ii) terminais portuários e as trading companys agrícolas que operam no mercado internacional de commodities. Os resultados servirão para a descrição dos processos e a análise das relações envolvidos naquela cadeia logística, conforme: i) formas de relacionamento entre os atores centrais, segundo as transações na cadeia de escoamento do açúcar; ii) processos logísticos, considerando o grau de controle sobre os recursos e competências (se desenvolvidos internamente ou terceirizados); iii) operações logísticas nos terminais açucareiros santistas, segundo as diferenças na prestação de serviços que agreguem, ou não, valor à carga embarcada. Estes resultados respondem à questão de pesquisa: quais são os condicionantes (sob o ponto de vista de aspectos comerciais) que interferem na organização e infra-estrutura disponibilizada para a logística de escoamento para exportação do açúcar paulista? A construção de um modelo teórico que associe a gestão da logística integrada aos fundamentos de comércio exterior guia as linhas de argumentos, norteando a coleta e levantamento de dados e constatações empíricas. O objeto de análise é o elo usina-porto, observando as estratégias comerciais e de operações da logística para o mercado internacional da commoditie açúcar.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is a ethod of identifying unique items using radio waves that communicate between RFID tags and readers without line-of-sight readability. RFID technology provides great potential in many industries and a wide spectrum of possible uses. Areas of application include person identification, logistics, pharmaceutical, access control, security guard monitoring and asset management. One of the areas where RFID is being used and where it promises excellent results is the retail industry. While RFID systems have the potential to revolutionise the way products and goods are tracked and traced in the retail supply chain, barriers to its widespread adoption exist: for example; technical constraints, return on investment constraints, a lack of awareness and education and as well as privacy and security issues. The research aims to identify the barriers to the adoption of RFID and to investigate the perceptions of RFID held by members of the retail sector in South Africa (SA). Current research and available literature are used to identify RFID adoption barriers and a conceptual framework on this subject is proposed, which is then verified by SA retailers’ perceptions, established by means of a survey. Initial barriers to widespread adoption include a shortage in skills, a lack of standards, high costs associated with RFID devices, the difficulty of integrating with current legacy systems, and a lack of familiarity with the system. Finally, an enhanced framework is proposed, describing RFID adoption barriers within the South African retail sector. In summary, the framework is an outline of the barriers impacting RFID adoption in the SA retail sector that need to be considered and addressed. The framework identifies six categories of RFID adoption barriers, with each category containing two or more barriers relating to that particular category. These categories are Technological, Cost and return on investment, Privacy and security, Implementation, Organisational factors and People.

El problema consiste en una ineficiente gestión de abastecimiento, que se refleja en el indicador de entrega de pedidos a tiempo. Generando retrasos de los pedidos de hasta siete días, en una SME metalmecánica que trabaja por orden pedido. Ante dicha problemática, se formula un modelo de gestión de abastecimiento e inventario que incluye la implementación de SLP Layout, BPMN, gestión de inventarios, diagnosticado a través de la metodología SCOR. En este modelo se realiza un primer diagnóstico de la situación actual a través del cuestionario SCOR debido a su practicidad y flexibilidad para realizar el análisis en diversas empresas. Se incluye la implementación de SLP Layout, destinando una adecuada distribución de espacios para los recursos almacenados en el inventario. Además, se incluye el Business Process Model and Notation permitiendo centrar la investigación en flujos de control y distinguir las actividades del personal. Así mismo, el BPA y la matriz kraljick aportan creando una base para la clasificación de los insumos e identificación de la frecuencia de uso de cada uno de estos, lo cual posteriormente servirá en la gestión de inventarios. La efectividad de la propuesta se midió mediante la implementación de un proyecto piloto en una empresa manufacturera, donde el indicador de entregas a tiempo se incrementó en un 41.40% y el nivel de servicio de parte del almacén a producción se mejoró en 51.59% aproximadamente. / The problem consists of inefficient supply management, which is reflected on the on-time order delivery indicator. Generating order delays of up to seven days, in a metalworking SME that works by order. Faced by this problem, a supply and inventory management model is formulated that includes the implementation of SLP Layout, BPMN, inventory management, diagnosed through the SCOR methodology. In this model, a first diagnosis of the current situation is made through the SCOR questionnaire due to its practicality and flexibility to perform the analysis in diversed companies. The implementation of SLP Layout is included, allocating an adequate distribution of spaces for the resources stored in the inventory. In addition, the Business Process Model and Notation is included allowing to focus the investigation on control flows and distinguish the activities of the personnel. Likewise, the BPA and the kraljick matrix contribute by creating a basis for the classification of inputs and identification of the frequency of use of each of these, which will later serve in inventory management. The effectiveness of the proposal was measured through the implementation of a pilot project in a manufacturing company, where the indicator of on-time deliveries increased by 41.40% and the service level from the warehouse to production was improved by approximately 51.59% / Tesis

El presente trabajo de investigación evidencia los principales problemas de la situación actual y presenta la propuesta de mejora más conveniente para la gestión de Compras, Inventarios y Almacenes con la finalidad de realinear las buenas prácticas logísticas y optimizar el desempeño del departamento de Abastecimiento conjuntamente con el logro de beneficios económicos tan necesarios para la sostenibilidad de la Empresa XYZ. Mediante el análisis expuesto, se pudo identificar los problemas (falta de Abastecimiento Estratégico en Compras, alto inventario en exceso en Inventarios y alto inventario en exceso de tuberías en Almacenes) y causas de la situación actual de la gestión logística, desarrollar la propuesta de mejora (el modelo de Abastecimiento Estratégico en Compras, la clasificación ABC del inventario disponible y la eliminación del inventario en exceso en Inventarios, el cierre de los almacenes externos y el ingreso de efectivo por la venta de material inactivo en la empresa) y proponer conclusiones y recomendaciones. Para finalmente desarrollar el proyecto de implementación de mejoras mediante el enfoque de la Gestión de Proyectos. Para el presente trabajo de investigación se han utilizado herramientas como la Matriz Kraljic, la Clasificación ABC, la Técnica de las 5s, la Metodología de la Mejora Continua, el diagrama Causa-Efecto, el diagrama de Pareto, con las cuales se ha logrado realinear las buenas prácticas logísticas y optimizar el desempeño del departamento de Abastecimiento. Se ha obtenido ingresos de efectivo y ahorros para la Empresa XYZ. Y el proyecto de mejora genera valor con un VAN de USD 883,437 y TIR de 39.6%. Cumpliéndose con el objetivo principal del presente trabajo de investigación. / The research paper uncovers the main problems of the current situation and shows the most suitable improvement proposal for Purchasing, Inventory and Warehouse management in order to realign best logistics practices and optimize the performance of Procurement department along with accomplish economic benefits for business sustainability of Empresa XYZ. As the result of analysis, it was possible to identify the problems (no Strategic Supply in Purchasing, excess inventory in Inventory and excess inventory of pipes in Warehouse) and causes of the current situation of Logistics management, develop the improvement proposal (Strategic Supply model in Purchasing, ABC classification for available inventory and elimination of excess inventory in Inventory, the closure of external warehouses and sale of inactive materials for cash income) and propose conclusions and recommendations. And the Improvement Implementation was developed through Project Management approach. The research paper used tools as Kraljic Matrix, ABC Classification, 5s Method, the Continuous Improvement Method, Ishikawa diagram and Pareto diagram and it has been possible to realign best logistics practices, optimize the performance of Procurement department, achieve cash income and savings for Empresa XYZ and improvement project creates value with a NPV of USD 883,437 and an IRR of 39.6%. Finally, this is how the main objective of the research paper was successfully accomplished. / Trabajo de investigación

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo comprender la gestión logística portuaria en la descarga de vehículos importados tipo CBU en el muelle norte, período 2015-2020. En relación con la metodología aplicada, se describió un enfoque cualitativo, basada en la Teoría Fundamentada, de corte transversal, en el que se aplicó como instrumento de recopilación de información una guía de entrevista a profundidad con la participación de 20 entrevistados. Entre los resultados obtenidos se evidenció que, la gestión de logística portuaria en la descarga de vehículos importados tipo CBU en el muelle norte representa un componente importante dentro de los procesos que se desarrollan en el puerto, evidenciando que entre los factores que obstaculizan el proceso de descarga se estableció la infraestructura, el personal, la comunicación, la capacitación y basado en las categorías de la matriz presentada se destacan Gestión Logística, Infraestructura, Gestión Operativa, Gestión Administrativa y Comunicación y que se consideran deben optimizarse para agilizar tanto el flujo de tránsito como la supervisión de los vehículos importados tipo CBU, con el fin de otorgar herramientas para la mejora de las fases que intervienen dentro del muelle norte garantizando así la efectividad de los tiempos de espera hasta su despacho. / The objective of this work is to understand port logistics management in the unloading of imported CBU-type vehicles in the north dock, period 2015-2020. In relation to the applied methodology, a qualitative approach was described, based on Grounded Theory, cross-sectional, in which an in-depth interview guide was applied as an information collection instrument with the participation of 20 interviewees. Among the results obtained, it was evidenced that the port logistics management in the unloading of imported CBU-type vehicles in the north dock represents an important component within the processes that are developed in the port, showing that among the factors that hinder the process of download infrastructure, personnel, communication, training were established and based on the categories of the presented matrix, Logistics Management, Infrastructure, Operational Management, Administrative Management and Communication are highlighted and they are considered to be optimized to streamline both the traffic flow such as the supervision of imported CBU-type vehicles, in order to provide tools for the improvement of the phases that intervene within the north dock, thus guaranteeing the effectiveness of the waiting times until their dispatch. / Trabajo de investigación

Thesis (M.COM. (Business Management)) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Increasing consumer demand, customer expectations, and change in technology compel industrial corporations, governments and small medium enterprises (SMEs) to adopt Enterprise Application Architecture (EAA). EAA is a system where the applications and software are connected to each other in such a way that new components can easily be integrated with existing components. This study focused on how internal and external factors impact the adoption of EAA for Supply Chain Management (SCM) in SMEs, located in the Capricorn District Municipality. Data is analysed through a statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS version 25). A quantitative methodology with self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from SMEs (SMEs owners and managers). In total, 480 questionnaires were distributed and 310 useable were returned. Cronbach’s Alpha was used to measure reliability. Data validity is obtained through the use of Kolmogorov-Sminorv-Test to ensuring that the questionnaire was based on assumptions from accepted theories as set out in the literature review. From the research findings, it was concluded that the adoption of EAA for SCM in SMEs depends on internal factors, external factors and perceived attitudes towards the adoption of EAA. The managerial implications of the study is based on actual results such as; (a) Internal factors on owners’ characteristics were described as assessment of interior dynamics affecting the enterprise, of which the management have a full control over them, such as employees, business culture, norms and ethics, processes and overall functional activities, (b) The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) revealed that behavioural measures on Enterprise Resources that depends on speculations about the intensions towards the adoption of EAA for SCM, (c) Compatibility in Diffusion Theory of Innovation ascertains that Technology Acceptance Models need to be linked with relevant Information System Components to have a functional EAA for SCM, (d) The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) encourages apparent behaviour on control for supplementary forecaster on intentions of employees towards the adoption of EAA for SCM in SMEs, (e) The TPB encourages apparent behaviour on control for supplementary forecaster on intentions of employees towards the adoption of EAA for SCM in SMEs, (f) Consultations with government parastatals or legal representatives of the enterprise would save the SMEs against any unforeseen challenges such as product liabilities, legal costs on lawsuit, tax evasion or avoidance penalties so forth, (g) The Diffusion Theory of Innovation (DTI) proposes that the Perceived Attitudes towards the Adoption of EAA have is affected by behaviour challenges from employees’ personal conduct that affect SCM activities within the SMEs, and (h) The DTI on the intention towards the adoption of EAA for SCM provides the competence in limiting some negative thoughts about the integrative phases or steps limiting the adoption of EAA for SCM. Keywords: Enterprise Application Architecture; Supply Chain Management; Internal and External Factors Affecting Adoption; and Technology Acceptance Models