Thèse de doctorat : Sociologie : Lyon 2 : 2001. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.

Esta dissertação pretende traçar as linhas gerais que permearam a criação da CPLP, em 1996 e sua atuação desde então, agora que já fazem 12 anos da sua formação. O objetivo é identificar quais as possíveis estratégias e posições a serem tomadas pelos Estados-membros da comunidade no cenário internacional no século XXI. Pretendemos verificar até que ponto a CPLP é uma Comunidade que tem desempenhado um papel importante no cenário internacional num mundo cada vez mais globalizado. Tem o propósito de traçar o desenho que delineou e delineia as relações entre o Brasil, Portugal e os países africanos de língua oficial portuguesa (PALOPs). Para isso, investigou-se qual o cenário político, histórico e social no qual germinou a idéia da criação de uma comunidade como a CPLP, qual o seu papel na comunidade internacional, quais os ganhos de quem dela participa. A questão central da pesquisa foi: de que maneira a CPLP é atuante na defesa dos interesses econômicos, sociais e culturais dos países que a compõem, que juntos representam mais de 200 milhões de cidadãos do mundo a falar a língua portuguesa? Quisemos medir o grau de identidade entre os povos que compõem esta comunidade e para isso usamos a construção de um índice estatístico que permite saber qual é esse grau, em quê a identidade desses povos se baseia e qual o reflexo dela para as relações intra-estatais e inter-estatais. Veremos que a abordagem construtivista das Relações Internacionais é a chave teórica para entendimento da CPLP, neste trabalho, e que as análises do cenário pós-Guerra Fria, não explicam a peculiaridade da CPLP. Por fim traçamos as estratégias possíveis da comunidade no futuro e apontamos quais as críticas mais comummente apresentadas por diferentes atores à sua atuação até hoje. / This thesis aims to trace the general lines that permeated the creation of the CPLP in 1996 and its performance since then, now that are 12 years of her formation. The goal is to identify the possible strategies and positions to be taken by member States of the international community in the twenty-first century. We want to verify the extent to which the CPLP is a community that has played an important role in the international arena in a world increasingly globalized. Aims to trace the outline and design the outlines the relationship between Brazil, Portugal and African countries whose official language is Portuguese (PALOP\'s). For this, we investigated what were the political landscape, historical and social in which germinated the idea of creating a community like the CPLP, what is its role in the international community, and which are the of who is involved. The central question of this research was: how the CPLP is active in the defense of economic interests, social and cultural rights of the countries that compose it, which together represent more than 200 million \"citizens of the world\" to speak the portuguese language? We measure the degree of identity among the peoples that make up this community and for this we use the construction of a statistical index that allows to know what is the degree in which the identity of these peoples is based and which reflects it to the intra-state and inter-state relations. We will see that the constructivist approach of International Relations is the theoretical key to understanding the CPLP, in this work, and that the analysis of post-Cold War scenario, somehow, does not explain the peculiarity of the CPLP. Finally, this thesis draw the possibles strategies of this Community in the future and point out that the criticism most commonly made by different actors for her performance till today

Dans ce mémoire en communications interculturelles, nous questionnons la place de l'exotisme lors d'une rencontre entre des Montréalais francophones et lusophones partageant une pratique artistique et corporelle commune, soit des cours de capoeira et de samba dispensés par des membres de la communauté brésilienne. Pour débuter, effectuons une recension d'écrits théoriques sur la question de l'exotisme et de l'Autre, en croisant le propos d'auteurs ayant réfléchi à la rencontre de cultures à travers le temps. À partir de concepts exploratoires tels que la curiosité, l'étonnement, l'attention envers l'autre et ce qu'on découvre et l'expérience exotique, nous explorons quelques-unes des multiples façons de parcourir le chemin entre soi et l'autre, ainsi que ce tout qui nous dépasse. Sur ces assises théoriques, nous proposons une grille d'interprétation de notre crû. Aussi, sous forme de typologie, nous systématisons quatre formes de rencontre en rendant opératoires des concepts sur la rencontre interculturelle et intersubjective, et ce, avec la souplesse requise par ce type d'instrument en communications et en sciences sociales. Nous nous en servons par la suite comme moyen de regroupement de nos constats et de relance de notre analyse. Nous les développons à partir de deux représentations symboliques des expériences et reflets socio-culturels brésiliens, soit la capoeira, art martial, anciennement une lutte dansée, et la samba de gafieira, danse de couple folklorique brésilienne, les deux aussi bien pratiquées par des Brésiliens que des Québécois d'origine à Montréal. Nous cherchons à comprendre si un dialogue, bien qu'il se situe hors du langage parlé, peut s'installer lors du partage de ces expériences expressives, se jouant au ras des sens. En lien avec la question du corps et de la temporalité en communication, nous explorons quelles relations à l'autre cette situation de communication est susceptible de créer, du coup favorisant une mise à distance esthétique et éthique lors de la rencontre. À la suite de l'enquête ethnographique à l'intérieur de laquelle nous interrogeons à 2 et 3 reprises quatre montréalais francophones sur leurs pratiques ainsi que deux professeurs brésiliens, nous découvrons comment chacun a chorégraphié la rencontre avec l'autre. De leurs expériences où s'entrecroisent sensibilité et réflexivité, naissent des pistes éclairantes quant à nos réflexions initiales. Surgissent aussi des questionnements sur la société québécoise relativement à sa manière de vivre le lien social, son ouverture et ses limites quant aux rencontres avec cette forme d'altérité. Entre contact avec l'autre et reconnaissance de celui-ci, se dessinent des parcours éloquents de Montréalais francophones et lusophones à propos de thèmes tels que l'amitié, l'esthétique, la violence et le sacré. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Rencontre, Exotisme, Danse, Communication interculturelle, Expression artistique, Altérité, Capoeira, Samba.

Esta dissertação pretende traçar as linhas gerais que permearam a criação da CPLP, em 1996 e sua atuação desde então, agora que já fazem 12 anos da sua formação. O objetivo é identificar quais as possíveis estratégias e posições a serem tomadas pelos Estados-membros da comunidade no cenário internacional no século XXI. Pretendemos verificar até que ponto a CPLP é uma Comunidade que tem desempenhado um papel importante no cenário internacional num mundo cada vez mais globalizado. Tem o propósito de traçar o desenho que delineou e delineia as relações entre o Brasil, Portugal e os países africanos de língua oficial portuguesa (PALOPs). Para isso, investigou-se qual o cenário político, histórico e social no qual germinou a idéia da criação de uma comunidade como a CPLP, qual o seu papel na comunidade internacional, quais os ganhos de quem dela participa. A questão central da pesquisa foi: de que maneira a CPLP é atuante na defesa dos interesses econômicos, sociais e culturais dos países que a compõem, que juntos representam mais de 200 milhões de cidadãos do mundo a falar a língua portuguesa? Quisemos medir o grau de identidade entre os povos que compõem esta comunidade e para isso usamos a construção de um índice estatístico que permite saber qual é esse grau, em quê a identidade desses povos se baseia e qual o reflexo dela para as relações intra-estatais e inter-estatais. Veremos que a abordagem construtivista das Relações Internacionais é a chave teórica para entendimento da CPLP, neste trabalho, e que as análises do cenário pós-Guerra Fria, não explicam a peculiaridade da CPLP. Por fim traçamos as estratégias possíveis da comunidade no futuro e apontamos quais as críticas mais comummente apresentadas por diferentes atores à sua atuação até hoje. / This thesis aims to trace the general lines that permeated the creation of the CPLP in 1996 and its performance since then, now that are 12 years of her formation. The goal is to identify the possible strategies and positions to be taken by member States of the international community in the twenty-first century. We want to verify the extent to which the CPLP is a community that has played an important role in the international arena in a world increasingly globalized. Aims to trace the outline and design the outlines the relationship between Brazil, Portugal and African countries whose official language is Portuguese (PALOP\'s). For this, we investigated what were the political landscape, historical and social in which germinated the idea of creating a community like the CPLP, what is its role in the international community, and which are the of who is involved. The central question of this research was: how the CPLP is active in the defense of economic interests, social and cultural rights of the countries that compose it, which together represent more than 200 million \"citizens of the world\" to speak the portuguese language? We measure the degree of identity among the peoples that make up this community and for this we use the construction of a statistical index that allows to know what is the degree in which the identity of these peoples is based and which reflects it to the intra-state and inter-state relations. We will see that the constructivist approach of International Relations is the theoretical key to understanding the CPLP, in this work, and that the analysis of post-Cold War scenario, somehow, does not explain the peculiarity of the CPLP. Finally, this thesis draw the possibles strategies of this Community in the future and point out that the criticism most commonly made by different actors for her performance till today

Dans cette recherche, nous proposons d'analyser une question à la frontière entre le savoir et l'agir,l'interculturel dans le domaine des sciences du langage et plus spécifiquement des politiques linguistiqueséducatives dans un cadre de coopération internationale franco-brésilienne. Quelles incompétencesinterculturelles les coopérants français et brésiliens ont-ils dans la coopération internationale ? Quelle priseen considération de l'interculturel existe-t-il dans les politiques linguistiques éducatives en France, au Brésilet à l'échelle internationale ? Quelles préconisations de politiques linguistiques éducatives en termes deformations initiale et continue sont envisageables pour former les coopérants ? Telles sont les questionsauxquelles cette thèse tente de répondre à travers une analyse de l'interculturel dans les politiqueslinguistiques éducatives française et brésilienne. Notre démarche qualitative interroge les coopérants françaiset brésiliens à partir d'entretiens semi-directifs et d'observations alliées à une approche complexe,synchronique, macro et micro, donnant à voir la multiplicité des enjeux et des dynamiques au coeur de laproblématique de l'interculturel dans les politiques linguistiques éducatives qui chemine jusqu'à la didactiquedes langues-cultures. Notre recherche explore les dimensions culturelles et linguistiques de la coopérationfranco-brésilienne par le prisme du substrat langue et culture. C'est à partir de ce substrat linguistique etculturel que véhiculent les échanges langagiers des coopérants que nous questionnons en quoi la coopérationinternationale franco-brésilienne et ses déclinaisons sont sources de relations interculturelles, préalable etnécessaire à la réussite d'un partenariat d'échanges fructueux, tout en posant l'intérité des antagonismesadaptatifs comme source de construction de compétences interculturelles dans les situations vécues desprofessionnels de la coopération internationale. Notre thèse s'inscrit dans une perspective professionnalisantede prise en compte de l'interculturel dans les politiques linguistiques éducatives dans un objectif deformation initiale et continue des professionnels de la coopération international franco-brésilienne. / In this research, I will question a concept halfway between knowledge and action, interculturality in field oflanguage sciences and more specifically in educational and linguistic policies, within the context ofinternational cooperation between France and Brazil. Which intercultural skills are French and Braziliancooperating partners lacking of in international cooperation? To what extent is the intercultural dimensiontaken into account in language education policies in France, in Brazil and at an international level? Whatrecommendations for language education policies, both in terms of initial training and continuing education,are conceivable to train cooperating partners? These are the questions that this doctoral dissertation will tryto answer through an analysis of interculturality in French and Brazilian language education policies. Thequalitative approach of my analysis is based on a corpus of semi-directive interviews and observations on asynchronic, macro and micro levels. This highlights the multiplicity of challenges and the different dynamicsat work within the question of interculturality in language education policies, and into the didactics oflanguage and culture. This research deals with the cultural and linguistic dimensions of the cooperationbetween France and Brazil through the prism of the language and culture substratum. It’s from this linguisticand cultural substrate, which carries the linguistic exchanges of the cooperating partners that we will askourselves how the international cooperation between France and Brazil are sources of intercultural relations.These relations are a prerequisite and necessary to a successful partnership. We will also measure theintegrity of adaptable antagonisms as a source of construction of intercultural skills in situations experiencesby international cooperation professionals. This work fits within a perspective of continuous professionaldevelopment, taking into account the intercultural dimension in language education policies, with theobjective to train professionals in international cooperation between France and Brazil at initial andcontinuing education levels.