Thesis (Master)--University of Copenhagen, 1992. / Cover title. Includes bibliographical references (p. 175-180).

This paper aims to gain an in-depth understanding of construction of ethnic identity and feeling ofbelonging through a case study on Macedonian diaspora in Australia. It examines the aspects whichinfluenced the construction of their (ethnic) identity and what kind of impact the migration processhad on their feeling of belonging. For that purpose, a qualitative research method was chosenconsisting of 9 semi-structured interviews with members of the Macedonian diaspora who havelived in Australia for more than 20 years. The result shows that the decisive factors in determiningtheir ethnic identity was the language, the Macedonian as well as Australian culture and the linkageto their homeland. In addition, although they showed that they have adopted Australian culture butalso kept their Macedonian culture, the psychological condition, memories, place attachment andfamily seemed to be essential for the prevalence of Macedonian ethnic identity and feeling ofbelonging.

La politique d’élargissement de l’Union européenne vis-à-vis des pays de l’Europe de l’Est suscite l’intérêt des pays membres envers ces nouveaux adhérents potentiels. Le rôle des médias est particulièrement important dans le processus de transition de ces sociétés. La nécessité d’une démocratisation de l’information et des politiques de communication dans ce nouveau contexte est une des questions les plus étudiées, car la liberté des médias montre le degré de démocratie. Alors qu’autrefois, l’analyse des effets des médias était privilégiée, on scrute aujourd’hui les fondements d’une communication démocratique en s’interrogeant sur la nouvelle configuration du jeu politique sous l’emprise des médias ; sur l’élargissement de l’espace public du fait de l’essor de l’information et de la communication ; sur le statut culturel des médias ; sur l’usage des TIC. La diversité des approches et le foisonnement des angles d’étude peuvent donner l’impression d’un savoir en mosaïque qui souligne la complexité des relations entre les producteurs et les récepteurs de l’information. Ce travail complexe, qui touche à tous les éléments de l’information macédonienne, propose aux lecteurs francophones l’accès à un sujet méconnu. Les principaux objectifs de la présente étude consistent d'une part en la présentation du cadre complet de la sphère médiatique macédonienne et d'autre part en l’analyse des principales questions en lien avec les enjeux politiques et sociaux. L’une des questions centrales de cette étude est ainsi de mettre en lumière les relations complexes qui s’effectuent à travers les médias entre les politiques et les différentes communautés. Toutes ces questions forment le rayonnement médiatique d’un pays, pilier de son existence culturelle, élément essentiel de sa puissance politique et nationale. / The enlargement policy of the European Union concerning the countries of Eastern Europe has triggered considerable interest from the member states for these potential new adherents. The role of media is particularly important in the transition process of these countries. The need for democratization of information and communication policies in this new context is one of the most analyzed issues since media freedom shows the degree of democracy. Despite the fact that in the past it was proven that the analysis of the media effect was privileged, today the foundations of the democratic communication are studied by questioning the new configuration of the political set under the influence of the media, as well as the expansion of the public space in terms of the development of information and communication. In addition, the cultural status of the media is also being inspected along with the use of ICT. The diversity of approaches and the proliferation of angles of study can give the impression of a mosaic knowledge that emphasizes the complexity of the relations between producers and receivers of information. This complex task, which involves all elements of the Macedonian information, proposes to French speaking readers a lesser known subject. The main objectives of this study consist in the presentation of a complete framework of the Macedonian media and also in the analysis of the main problems related to the political and social issues. One of the central points of this study is to highlight the complex relations between politics and communities that are realized through the media. All these subjects create the media influence in one country, which is a pillar of its cultural life, an essential element of its political power and a fundamental factor of its national greatness.

This thesis examines the South East European policy of the European Union, which promoted the prospect of a &lsquo / United Europe&rsquo / . After the end of the bipolar world system, the ultimate aim of the East European countries has been the integration into the European Union. The transition and integration process, that they initiated in accordance with this aim, made up the basis of their relations with the Union. Nevertheless, the South East European countries, which became a sub-region within East Europe, joined to the process much later, due to the wars and instability, caused by ethnic conflicts within the region. The initiatives, established by the European Union for the region, did not come with the desired outcomes. However, after the Kosovo War, the Union established a deeper framework, with the mechanisms of the Stability Pact and the Stabilization and Association Process. On the other hand, the September-11 events, which led to the gradual withdrawal of the United States from the region, handed the responsibility to the Union. As a result of this, the Union accelerated the Stabilization and Association Process, thus torpedoed the Stability Pact. Within this context, the Republic of Macedonia became a significant component of this accelerated process. Especially, with the Stabilization and Association Agreement, came into force in April 2004, and the Mission Concordia, which is the first-ever military operation the Union, the European Union aroused its interest to the country. Consequently, within the regional framework, the Republic of Macedonia made up the essence of the Union&rsquo / s strategy in the region.

This thesis analyzes Bulgaria&amp / #8217 / s minority policy followed by various governments during the Principality, the Kingdom, Peoples Republic and post-Communist Bulgaria. General discussion and assessment of minority rights standards within major international organizations is followed by analysis of minorities&amp / #8217 / status and treatment in Bulgaria since 1878. The thesis seeks answers to what have been the main features of minority policies in modern Bulgarian history, what has constituted its continuity and change.

This thesis considers the extent to which decentralisation in the Republic of Macedonia between 2005 and 2012 has been effective in reducing ethnic inequalities that exacerbate social divisions and can lead to conflict. Guided by the concept of horizontal inequalities, it identifies the factors which influenced the decision to devolve responsibilities to the municipalities after 2001. It examines the particular institutional design that Macedonian decentralisation took, and demonstrates how its use of local power-sharing mechanisms was intended to address the concerns of the Albanian and Macedonian communities simultaneously. This thesis takes an integrative approach to studying the political, administrative, and fiscal dimensions of decentralisation's implementation, and considers whether the reform has indeed contributed to the reduction of inequalities between Macedonia's ethnic groups. Where decentralisation's potential has not been reached, obstacles to its successful implementation are identified. While decentralisation alone may be unable to address all of the grievances raised by the Albanian community prior to 2001, this thesis argues that the reform has the potential to address many of the horizontal inequalities that were responsible for raising inter-ethnic tensions during the 1990s. However, decentralisation in Macedonia between 2005 and 2012 has only been partial, and advances in the administrative and political aspects of the reform have been undermined by limited progress in its fiscal dimension. Attempts to solve self-determination conflicts through decentralisation will fail if local self-governance exists only in form but not in substance.

Thesis (Magisterarbeit)--Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 135-149).

Cette thèse étudie la couverture de l’actualité en Macédoine faite par la presse internationale et albanophone pendant le conflit ethnique armé de 2001. Elle explore un corpus multilingue [français, anglais et albanais] composé de dépêches d’agences de presse [AFP et Reuters] et d’articles journaux français [Le Monde et Libération], américains [The New York Times et The Washington Post] et albanophones de Macédoine [Flaka, Fakti et Lobi]. Issue d’un cadre théorique et méthodologique complexe, l’analyse de ce corpus repose sur les traditions françaises et nord-américaines de la recherche en sciences de la communication. L’analyse du discours, combinée avec un matériel recueilli lors des interviews des journalistes et avec l’analyse statistique et lexicométrique de contenu, a produit des données qui sont interprétées dans le cadre de la théorie de l’agenda-setting. Les résultats de cette analyse ont permis de répondre à nos questions de recherche : Quelle était l’attention accordée à l’actualité macédonienne par la presse internationale ? Quelles sont la nature et l’importance des informations fournies par les journalistes qui ont couvert cet événement sur le terrain ? Comment cette actualité a-t-elle été traitée par la presse locale de langue albanaise en Macédoine ?Une approche géopolitique et historique fournit le cadre de cette thèse. / Cette thèse étudie la couverture de l’actualité en Macédoine faite par la presse internationale et albanophone pendant le conflit ethnique armé de 2001. Elle explore un corpus multilingue [français, anglais et albanais] composé de dépêches d’agences de presse [AFP et Reuters] et d’articles journaux français [Le Monde et Libération], américains [The New York Times et The Washington Post] et albanophones de Macédoine [Flaka, Fakti et Lobi]. Issue d’un cadre théorique et méthodologique complexe, l’analyse de ce corpus repose sur les traditions françaises et nord-américaines de la recherche en sciences de la communication. L’analyse du discours, combinée avec un matériel recueilli lors des interviews des journalistes et avec l’analyse statistique et lexicométrique de contenu, a produit des données qui sont interprétées dans le cadre de la théorie de l’agenda-setting.Les résultats de cette analyse ont permis de répondre à nos questions de recherche : Quelle était l’attention accordée à l’actualité macédonienne par la presse internationale ? Quelles sont la nature et l’importance des informations fournies par les journalistes qui ont couvert cet événement sur le terrain ? Comment cette actualité a-t-elle été traitée par la presse locale de langue albanaise en Macédoine ?Une approche géopolitique et historique fournit le cadre de cette thèse.

This thesis considers the extent to which decentralisation in the Republic of Macedonia between 2005 and 2012 has been effective in reducing ethnic inequalities that exacerbate social divisions and can lead to conflict. Guided by the concept of horizontal inequalities, it identifies the factors which influenced the decision to devolve responsibilities to the municipalities after 2001. It examines the particular institutional design that Macedonian decentralisation took, and demonstrates how its use of local power-sharing mechanisms was intended to address the concerns of the Albanian and Macedonian communities simultaneously. This thesis takes an integrative approach to studying the political, administrative, and fiscal dimensions of decentralisation¿s implementation, and considers whether the reform has indeed contributed to the reduction of inequalities between Macedonia¿s ethnic groups. Where decentralisation¿s potential has not been reached, obstacles to its successful implementation are identified. While decentralisation alone may be unable to address all of the grievances raised by the Albanian community prior to 2001, this thesis argues that the reform has the potential to address many of the horizontal inequalities that were responsible for raising inter-ethnic tensions during the 1990s. However, decentralisation in Macedonia between 2005 and 2012 has only been partial, and advances in the administrative and political aspects of the reform have been undermined by limited progress in its fiscal dimension. Attempts to solve self-determination conflicts through decentralisation will fail if local self-governance exists only in form but not in substance.

No description available.