Beyond the binary borders of sex-A LITTERATURE STUDY ABOUT TRANSGENDER THEORY AND ITS POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTION TO A SOCIAL WORK CONTEXT.GERGANA TOSEVAKARIN SELINA thesis in Social work studies (15 credits) at Malmö University, Hälsa och Samhälle 2012.The discussion about sex and gender is always prominent in a social work context. Our purpose and questions are hence based on the discussion on transgender theory and the way of thinking about the non-binary, and how it relates to the nearby theories. The method of the essay consists of a semi systematic literature overview with the focus on discussing transgender theory in relation to other theories and perspectives, such as modernism, post modernism, feminism and queer theory. We answer the following questions:1.Is it possible to go beyond or exceed the binary of sex and if so, how do we see it in the material we examined?2.In what way are the existing theories of sex / gender in the binary?3.Can one featuring a female embodied subject be of assistance to transgender people's search for an embodied subject?We consider it possible to move beyond the binary by using “fuzzy logic”(Nagoshi & Brzuzy 2010, Tauchert 2002) which is a way of staying in the binary but expanding the term and work in the grey areas instead. Furthermore do we believe a female embodied subject can be of great importance to the transgender people because that is the other half of the issue of equality.

The history of association soccer dates back to the 1800's, and all indications are that prospects for the female athlete was scarce in all sports. The researcher has arranged an environment where young females can train with males in a soccer setting that has all the necessary elements for the athletes to learn, improve and compete with their own gender as well as opposite gender. The female group has been noticeable underachievers in this sport and is not aware of their potential. The research methodology is ethnographic in nature and study could easily be related to a traditional way to learn and develop in this sport. The method stresses the importance of reproducing procedures that were taught to the researcher. The employment of this method was to provide motivation and additional teaching resources to assist and enhance development of the research participant's potential. This was an ethnographic endeavor that accumulated several sources of data on 13 elite male and female athletes. Based on the data collected interpretations were made regarding their perceptions of the opposite gender. Ethnography was combined with descriptive statistics and employed to elicit and compile the data in the soccer specific testing components and the interviews. Merging techniques of observation (participant observation), field notes, video analysis, individual and group interviews were the sources of rich information for the researcher. This was a practical approach to bring out or discover any overt or covert trends, and to determine what possible barriers to learning would limit and reduce participation in the sport of soccer. The theoretical nature of the research, formal sociology is very much related to observational methods, choosing to gather data in a controlled and organized approach. The researcher's decision to tape the interview process and his preference to videotape events would thereby collect a complete and accurate account of the training progression subject matter. The results in the soccer specific testing indicated that the males were generally faster on sprint runs and had more endurance on the distance runs. However, a few of the females did better some of the males' scores in the aerobic and anaerobic events. The technical and tactical data indicated a slight improvement for the females when comparing pre and posttest results. Once more, the males were more advanced than the females. The psychological data showed the females progressed on the posttest scores. However, there was no overall male domination on the 20 categories. There are different areas on the inventory where females scored higher and other areas where the males would top the females. The interviews provided some enlightening information that confirmed aspects of male domination exist in sport and the feminist's role in sport as bringing attention to many gender issues, the positive and negative aspects of education and sport, the goals and motivation to participate in sport. Finally, the contrasting viewpoints between the American adolescent in this study and the English adolescent in Flintoff's (1993) dissertation and Flintoff and Scraton's (2001) study on physical education and gender issues. The most important finding was that learning had occurred in the training milieu. Learning was accomplished through the males' ability to facilitate the dynamics of attention and discipline required throughout the training sessions that were offered. The soccer specific test results indicated a much more motivated female group and the females' spring season was very successful; the team went undefeated in all competitions. The males in the study began to shed the superior attitude to one of more respect and tolerance of their female counterparts. The female differs emotionally from the male as the interview data illustrated and the co-education environment was both positive and productive, but there are limits to the inclusion of the female gender in the male training sessions. More planning would be necessary to assure that both groups develop. The study not only provided training and testing, but also made the participants more aware of many gender issues and how the research attempted to bridge the gap in sport between the sexes. If adopted, the psychological data could mean major benefits for the player who wants to know exactly what their strengths and weaknesses are; and when actions of strength are required and the capacity to work on weaknesses.

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The aim of the graduation thesis is to describe the stereotypical perception of men and women in today's society. The thesis links this perception to their signification, while working as reporters for private and public broadcasters. This thesis is focusing on the students of various universities and their subjective point of view when it comes to the parity of both sexes. These students were also asked to compare equality of genders in the public sphere as well as in their private lives, and to describe their attitude towards the media in general. Graduation thesis points out the existence of gender stereotypes, even in the field of news that is spread by the television. This graduation thesis consists of four main chapters. The first chapter includes basic expressions and definitions connected with the key terms gender and identity. The second chapter talks about women's identity nowadays and it's development in the past. The third chapter is comparable to the second one, since it talks about men's identity. The very last part of the thesis is strictly practical and it consists of three separate parts. The first part is the analysis of the situation in four specific televisions. The second part includes the preparation and analysis of in-depth interviews with the respondents and the third part contains a practical suggestion in the form of an annotation. This annotation can be used as a guideline for a new school subject taught at universities.

Denna studie syftar till att titta på bilismen, som bidrar till en stor miljöpåverkan, ur ett genusperspektiv. Den syftar även till att jämföra med tidigare studier för att titta på hur detta stämmer överens med norrköpingsbor. För att ta reda på detta har en kvantitativ studie i form av enkäter utförts med ett urval på 100 respondenter för att på så sätt representera Norrköping. Denna metod hjälpte till att svara på de ställda frågeställningarna. För att titta på sambanden mellan könen och mellan olika frågor i enkäten har ett chitvå-test utförts. Resultatet av studien visade på att förväntningar kring mäns och kvinnors beteende och relation till bilen som fordon existerar i Norrköping, men att vanorna kring bilanvändandet istället speglar en annan bild. Män och kvinnor förhåller sig till bilåkandet snarlikt och tänker på miljön, i relation till bilen, i lika stor utsträckning oberoende könstillhörighet. Resultaten pekar på att både kvinnor och män hög utsträckning anser att män är mer bilintresserade och att män är mer benägna att åka bil än vad kvinnor är. En del anser även att kvinnor bryr sig mer om miljön än vad män gör. Detta bekräftar existerande samhällsnormer som tidigare forskning stödjer. Resultaten visar dock att både män och kvinnor i Norrköping åker ungefärligt lika mycket respektive lite bil och tänker på miljön lika mycket respektive lite när de väljer att åka bil. Förväntningar kring män och kvinnor finns där, men detta visar sig då nödvändigtvis inte i själva agerandet. / This study aims is to look at car traffic, which contributes to a significant environmental impact, from a gender perspective. The purpose of the study is also to compare with previous studies and to analyze how this is corresponds with frame and situation of people living in Norrköping. In order to approach this suitably, a quantitative study in the form of surveys have been conducted - with a sample of 100 respondents to represent Norrkoping. This method assisted in the raised questions. To best get a perspective of correlation between the sexes and between different questions in the questionnaire, a chi-square test was applied. The results of the study showed that different expectations about men’s and women’s behavior and relationship to the usage of vehicles in society exists, in Norrköping, yet also that the habits around the usage reflects additional differences. Men and women have similar approaches to the usage of vehicles, with an environmental consciousness, with regards to the given car or such, in a comparable degree independent of their gender. This study has found that both men and women, to a notable degree, regard men to be more interested in cars and that they are more prone to drive one. It also shows that several of the respondents, regard women to be over-all more environmentally aware than men. This would align with the contemporary norms of society based on previous research. However, in contrast, the results also highlight that both genders, in Norrköping, spend the comparable amount of time driving a car and have similar awareness of environmental factors. The differences in the expectations around the given behavior of men and women are there but their reported behavior does not necessarily follow those predictions.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-10-03T11:41:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Óscar Morais Fernando Namuholopa - 2017.pdf: 2659597 bytes, checksum: c4b704da3d80eac474b0654f92fac768 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-10-03T11:41:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Óscar Morais Fernando Namuholopa - 2017.pdf: 2659597 bytes, checksum: c4b704da3d80eac474b0654f92fac768 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-03T11:41:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Óscar Morais Fernando Namuholopa - 2017.pdf: 2659597 bytes, checksum: c4b704da3d80eac474b0654f92fac768 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / This dissertation, entitled The role of initiation rites in the yaawo community: case of the city of Lichinga-Mozambique has the aim: to analyze the social role of initiation rites in the yaawo community; to characterize the practice of initiation rites in this community in present times Of cultural flow; to differentiate male and female initiation related to practice and thematic and to describe the role of initiation rites in the preservation of the socio-cultural values of the region. Its execution has become possible through research developed within the community, involving initiates as witness, teachers and managers of the schools where these initiates seek their learning. The research with schools and its agents aimed to analyze the relationship level between the practice of initiation rites and school institutions. The findings showed that initiation rites have the role of reinforcing internal social cohesion among members of the community, disseminating among their participants the spirit of solidarity and awakening the sense of belonging. They also have the role of socialization between initiates and the community at large. They create moral guidelines and outline the community's rules of social conduct. Initiation in the yaawo context means the attainment of social majority. By initiation the individual passes from childhood to adulthood, thus becoming part of the active part of the life of his community and enjoying full rights. They also mean the highest moment of the exaltation of culture and community identity. / Esta dissertação, intitulada O papel dos ritos de iniciação na comunidade yaawo: caso da cidade de Lichinga-Moçambique centra o seu objetivo em analisar o papel social dos ritos de iniciação na comunidade yaawo, caracterizar a prática dos ritos de iniciação nesta comunidade em tempos atuais de fluxo cultural, diferenciar a iniciação masculina e feminina quanto à prática e temática e descrever o papel dos ritos de iniciação na preservação dos valores socioculturais da região. A suaexecução tornou-se possível através da pesquisa desenvolvida dentro da comunidade, envolvendo iniciados, mestres e gestores das escolas onde estes iniciados buscam o seu aprendizado. A pesquisa junto destes últimos visava aferir o nível de relacionamento entre a prática dos ritos de iniciação e as instituições escolares. Da pesquisa, constatei que os ritos de iniciação têm o papel de reforçar a coesão social interna entre os membros da comunidade, disseminar entre os seus participantes o espírito de solidariedade e despertar o sentimento de pertença. Têm igualmente, o papel de socialização entre os iniciados e a comunidade em geral. Eles criam linhas mestras da moral e traçam as regras de conduta social da comunidade. A iniciação no contexto yaawo significa a conquista da maioridade social. Pela iniciação o indivíduo passa da infância para a vida adulta, passando assim a integrar a parte ativa da vida da sua comunidade e gozando de plenos direitos. Significam ainda, o momento mais alto da exaltação da cultura e identidade da comunidade.

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This theses focuses on olfactory and visual components of mate choice in grey partridge. The aim is to evaluate the importance of melanin-based ornametnation and olfaction in mate choice and to explain the role of sexual selection in the evolution of secondary ornamentation in this socially monogamous galliform bird. To do that several experiments were conducted to (1) assess the ability of individuals to recognize conspecific odour and (2) to estimate the significance of melanin based feather ornamentation in male-male and male-female interactions. In some experiments I manipulated the expression (size) of feather maleanin- based ornamentation while in others I used birds forced to pair randomly to find out how the size of ornament and similarity in ornament expression between males and females (assortative pairing) affects reproductive success and investments (egg hatchability and number of eggs laid).

Présentant des styles musicaux spécifiques des musiques extrêmes, cette thèse permet au lecteur de découvrir leurs sources d'inspirations et imaginaires. Elle interroge, à travers l'histoire du genre, le concept de contre-culture attaché à la culture Metal. Dans cette perspective, cette recherche va s'intéresser aux stéréotypes et aux préjugés. Ceux liés à la pornographie, souvent mis en avant par les détracteurs de cette musique, avec l'analyse du projet Girls X présenté par le festival Hellfest Open Air. Puis ceux relatifs à l'homosexualité en étudiant le sous-genre du glam'metal et les figures de l'androgyne et du beefcake tout en s'interrogeant sur la place des femmes dans ce sous-genre. Ce travail met aussi en opposition deux sous-genres musicaux, le métal symphonique et le black métal afin de réaliser une analyse de la présence féminine sur ces deux scènes. Le premier a pour particularité de mettre en scène le conte de La Belle et la Bête et le second d'observer le lien entre femmes et religions, grandes inspiratrices du black métal, et de présenter un héros spécifique du Métal, le prêtre-guerrier. L'étude du corps féminin dans la culture Métal est essentielle. Ce sera l'occasion de mettre en lumière les muses du Métal et les critères auxquels elles doivent correspondre. Enfin, cette thèse s'intéresse aux interactions entre ce qui est traditionnellement associé à la féminité et à la masculinité dans cette culture musicale notamment à travers les notions de puissance et pouvoir, la pratique du maquillage et le port de la jupe. Enfin, le changement de genre fait l'objet d'un dernier point de ce travail. / Is Heavy Metal music a counterculture? To answer this question this thesis presents various styles of Metal music with their imaginary worlds and inspirations in relation to gender studies. First, this thesis studies pornography stereotypes and prejudices with Hellfest Open Air Festival's project: Girls X. Then, this analysis studies those in relation to homosexuality in the glam'metal and present androgyne and beefcake figures. There is also some question as to, where women are in the glam' metal ? This research shall also estimate the presence of women into symphonic metal and black metal. Symphonic metal staging tale of Beauty and the Beast and black metal study observe link between of women and religions and present the warrior-priest hero character. This work studies the female body in Heavy Metal culture as well as the interactions within this musical culture, which matter and are seen as traditionally masculine or feminine through notions power over and power to, makeup... Lastly the thesis study the transgender people in Heavy Metal culture.

O trabalho debruçou-se sobre os romances Philomena Borges (1884), O Cortiço (1890), ambos do escritor naturalista Aluísio Azevedo e A Silveirinha (1914), de Júlia Lopes de Almeida. O estudo da obra deteve-se na representação feminina das personagens Philomena, Pombinha e Silveirinha, focalizando o percurso gerativo do sentido, com ênfase nos temas e figuras, sob a luz da semiótica francesa, de matriz greimasiana. Observando a cena enunciativa das obras, algumas escritoras brasileiras mencionadas na imprensa do século XIX/XX e, posteriormente, catalogadas pelo grupo de estudos sobre a Mulher na Literatura (GT-Anpoll) foram selecionadas para compor o corpus de análise. A construção da cena teve a finalidade de evocar reflexões em torno do papel da mulher na sociedade carioca/brasileira (escritoras e interventoras sociais) do mesmo período, bem como assinalar a caracterização feminina da mulher de papel (personagens). Infiltrando-se neste universo, a pesquisa deteve-se nas oposições existentes entre a formação do discurso masculino e do feminino, pairando sobre a polêmica existente entre homens e mulheres. Na mesma perspectiva, a pesquisa se estendeu para a focalização do ethos dos autores (de um escritor e uma escritora) por meio dos enunciadores de suas produções. / The present work concentrates on the novels \"Philomena Borges\" (1884), \"O cortiço\" (1890), both by the writer and naturalist Aluísio Azevedo and \"A Silveirinha\" (1914) by Julia Lopes de Almeida. The study of the current work focuses on the representation of the female characters of Philomena, Pombinha and Silveirinha, following the route of the generative sense, giving importance to themes and figures under the light of the French semiotics of greimasian matrix. Observing the scene of the enunciation works, some Brazilian writers mentioned in the press of the XIX / XX centuries, and later cataloged by the Study Group on Women in Literature (GT-ANPOLL) were selected to compose the corpus of analysis. The construction of the scene was designed to evoke reflections on the role of women in society Rio / Brazil (writers and social interventionists) in the same period and report the characterization of female \"womans role\" (characters). Infiltrating this universe, the research is stopped in the oppositions between the formation of male and female speech, hovering about the controversy between men and women. In the same perspective, the research extended to the focus of the ethos of the authors (a male and a female writers) through the enunciators and their productions.