There are issues around complex products in multiple large companies such as Volvo Cars, Ericsson and ABB. This report focuses on Volvo Cars in an agile context with issues concerning dependencies and coordination. The subject which is investigated closer to solve this problem is system anatomies. System anatomies is a project management tool consisting of capabilities (boxes), formulated from a user perspective with dependencies (arrows) connecting them. This report is an abductive ethnographic study around the adoption of system anatomies in a department at Volvo Cars which is in the front of the agile transformation and develop digital tools other departments in the organisation uses in their development. The adoption of the system anatomy was firstly made through thoroughly done identification of preconditions favouring or disfavouring the system anatomy. Secondly an observation of a creation of a system anatomy was carried out which led to an actual system anatomy. In conclusion four interviews were held to examine the possibility continuously make the system anatomy bring value.  The purpose of the study is to investigate how different adoption of system anatomies can be modelled to be useful in a large organisation which is pursuing a transformation in going agile. The study results in that the creation of a system anatomy does not only give value in the form of the actual illustration of the system anatomy but also through the discussions which are held during the creation process. An important insight was that the created system anatomy is a static snapshot of the reality of the moment it is created and therefore must be maintained and updated to continue to contribute with maximum value. The interviews around the system anatomy have treated a number of context-objects, such as use case and architecture, which are other tools that are used in the coordination. Each context-object has been combined to the system anatomy to united views which shows the creating relation between these in order to identify misconceptions and contradictive dependencies is possible. With future research in the area, it is interesting with studies of system anatomies in similar environments since this study only is a study of explorative character. Other ways of future research include deeper investigation of the different sub-steps in the creation process of the system anatomy as well as a study of more context-objects. / På flera stora företag så som Volvo Cars, Ericsson och ABB upplevs problematik kring komplexa problem. Denna rapport behandlar Volvo Cars utifrån en agil kontext med problematik kring beroenden och koordination där ämnet som undersöks närmare för att lösa problematiken är systemanatomier. Systemanatomier är en typ av projektledningsverktyg som är en graf bestående av förmågor (noder), formulerade ur ett användarperspektiv med beroenden (bågar) sinsemellan. Följande rapport är en abduktiv etnografisk studie kring införandet av systemanatomier på en avdelning på Volvo Cars som har kommit långt i den agila transformationen och utvecklar verktyg som andra delar av organisation sedan ska använda i utvecklingen av nya produkter. Införandet följs först genom att ingående beskriva de förutsättningar som finns för en systemanatomi på Volvo Cars. Följande observeras ett framtagande av en faktisk systemanatomi och avslutningsvis hur denna systemanatomi kan fortsätta tillföra värde genom att skapa relationer mellan anatomin och kontextuella objekt. Syftet är att undersöka hur olika tillämpningar av systemanatomier kan utformas för att bli användbara i en stor organisation som genomför en transformation mot att bli agila. Studien resulterar främst i att framtagning av en systemanatomi inte bara ger värde i form av den faktiskt framtagna systemanatomin utan även av de diskussioner som förs vid framtagandet. Insikten att den framtagna systemanatomin är en statisk ögonblicksbild och därför måste underhållas och uppdateras för att kunna bidra med maximalt värde framåt har varit betydande. Intervjuer kring systemanatomin behandlade ett antal kontext-objekt, exempelvis use case och arkitektur, som är andra verktyg som används för koordination. Ur studien framkommer att anatomin kan kombineras med kontext-objekt för att skapa gemensamma vyer och det visade sig möjligt att identifiera relationer mellan dessa. Dessa relationer kan hjälpa att koordinera utvecklingen på Volvo Cars främst genom att tidigare i utvecklingsprocessen identifiera motsägande beroenden och missförstånd i lärandefasen av utvecklingen av nya produkter. Vid ett fortsatt arbete på området är det inte minst intressant med undersökningar av systemanatomier i liknande miljöer då denna undersökning enbart är av en explorativ karaktär. Andra spår för framtida arbete inkluderar att gå djupare in i delstegen för framtagning av systemanatomin liksom att undersöka fler kontext-objekt.

O planejamento estratégico é uma das ferramentas da administração de grande importância para a tomada de decisão. A área nuclear representa um segmento de grande importância na sociedade moderna, não só na produção de energia, bem como em muitos outros setores da economia. Objetivou-se nesse trabalho de doutorado propor a implantação de um planejamento norteado pela ferramenta estratégica, o BSC-Balanced Scorecard por meio dos indicadores de desempenho relacionais, de modo a facilitar a visualização da forma mais simples possível pelos gestores, com base nos atuais planos estratégicos institucionais do Laboratório de Produção de Fontes Seladas. A metodologia utilizada nesse estudo acadêmico de doutorado foi o estudo de caso, o qual considerou o período de pesquisa de 2008 a 2015. Entre os principais resultados esperados com esse estudo podem ser citados: uma melhor visualização dos planos estratégicos, uma ferramenta adicional de apoio a gestão, a possibilidade de mudança de periodicidade de análises de resultados e metas a serem atingidas entre outros. Diante dos resultados esperados foi possível concluir que este estudo poderá ser de grande valia para o Laboratório de Produção de Fontes Seladas, caso seu gestores optem por adotar essa ferramenta de gestão. Por fim, esta proposição possibilitaria a este laboratório, uma maior facilidade no processo de identificação e mapeamento de futuras direções da organização a partir dos recursos que possui e que, de certa forma, trarão como benefícios, maior visibilidade e ações mais eficazes. / Strategic planning is one of most important management tools for decision making. The Nuclear Area is a major segment in modern society not only in energy production but in many other sectors of the economy. The objective of this doctoral research was to propose the implementation of planning strategic tool, the BSCBalanced Scorecard through relational performance indicators in order to facilitate the visualization in the simplest possible way for managers based on current and institutional strategic plans of the Sealed Sources Production Laboratory. The methodology used in this academic doctoral study was a case study, which considered the survey period from 2008 to 2015. The main results expected from this study can be cited as: a better view of the strategic plans, an additional tool in order to support management decision making, the ability to change the frequency of analysis and results and targets to be achieved among others. After the results that this research has achieved it can be concluded that this study could be of a great value to the Sealed Sources Production Laboratory if their managers choose to adopt this management tool. Finally, this proposal will enable this lab mapping directions for this lab in a more effective way using the resources it has, by doing so, it will bring benefits such as greater visibility and more effective action on strategic decision making process.

Syfte med denna rapport är att kartlägga befintlig kostnadsreduceringsaktiviteter avseende monteringseffektivitet av produkter inom Volvo PV. Samt att genomföra en informationssökning för identifiering av metoder i andra branscher. Rapporten är upplagd på så sätt att först beskrivs kort företaget och syftet med arbetet. Därefter beskrivs de begränsningar och de metoder som valts att användas vid informationsinhämtningen. Efter detta kommer en teoridel där det utförligt beskrivs ett antal kostnadsreducerings metoder/aktiviteter, hur de genomförs och deras fördelar, nackdelar, kostnader och förväntat resultat. De metoder/aktiviteter som här är beskrivna har valts ut i samråd med handledaren, en del används inom Volvo PV andra kommer från Lean-koncept. Därefter redovisas resultatet från ett antal interjuver av olika personer på Volvo PV och efter detta görs en sammanställning i matrisform som kortfattat visar informationen ifrån teoridelen för varje aktivitet och därefter en matris som visar hur mycket resurser de olika metoderna/aktiviteterna uppskattningsvis kräver. Merparten av de metoder/aktiviteter som beskrivits i denna rapport används i någon form inom Volvo PV, men det saknas en utförlig jämförelse av de olika metodernas användbarhet. / Uppsatsnivå: C

Orientador: Edson Luís Piroli / Resumo: O trabalho aqui apresentado tem como objetivo realizar uma síntese do papel dos municípios sob a concepção da gestão dos recursos hídricos no Brasil, com base na Lei das Águas e da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos, que definem um papel menos ativo destes para gerir e regular os recursos hídricos em seus instrumentos. Não obstante, este trabalho destaca a necessidade de integração entre a gestão dos recursos hídricos com diretrizes definidas nos Planos de Bacia Hidrográfica e as demais políticas públicas ambientais sob responsabilidade dos municípios. Nesta perspectiva, considera-se fundamental que haja articulação entre políticas públicas, principalmente em âmbitos estadual e municipal, pois esta combinação é de grande importância para o fomento da participação ativa dos municípios em suas atribuições no Sistema Nacional de Recursos Hídricos; sendo que a principal prevista é a participação nos Comitês de Bacia Hidrográfica dos quais estão inseridos e no cumprimento das obrigações constitucionais de ordenamento territorial, preservação e conservação ambiental em prol do atendimento das necessidades das gerações atuais e futuras. Destarte, foi analisado o conteúdo do Plano Diretor Municipal de Assis e sua revisão, iniciada em 2017, para verificar as interações entre as legislações pertinentes, com foco na relação da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos e Estatuto das Cidades Com as análises realizadas, conclui-se a necessidade de uma maior aproximação do Plano Diretor M... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This work presented aims to synthesize the role of municipalities under the concept of water resources management in Brazil, based on the Water Law and the National Water Resources Policy which define a less active role for these to manage and regulate water resources in its instruments. Nevertheless, this work highlights the need to integrate water resources management with guidelines defined in the River Basin Plans and other public environmental policies under responsibility of municipalities. In this perspective, it is crucial to articulate between public policies, mainly in state and municipal scopes, since this combination is of great importance for the promotion of active participation of municipalities in their attributions in the National System of Water Resources; and the main one foreseen is the participation in its inserted Hydrographic Basin Committees and in fulfillment of the constitutional obligations of territorial planning, preservation and environmental conservation, in order to meet the needs of the present and future generations. Thus, the contents of the Assis Municipal Master Plan and its review, initiated in 2017, were analyzed to verify the interactions between the relevant legislations, focusing on the National Policy on Water Resources Statute of Cities. The analyzes carried out conclude the need for a closer approximation of the Municipal Master Plan with the Paranapanema Hydrographic Basin Plan, in addition to the need for integration with other p... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Balanserat styrkort har sedan sin introduktion vidareutvecklats och fått en ny innebörd från det ursprungliga och ses idag mer som ett styrverktyg än ett prestationsmätningsverktyg. Ursprungligen användes styrkort i den privata sektorn men används idag även inom kommunala verksamheter. Det har uppmärksammats att svårigheter kan uppstå vid användningen av balanserat styrkort vilket studeras närmare i denna uppsats. Syftet med studien är att beskriva och förklara hur interna svårigheter i kommunal miljö kan hanteras vid styrkortsanvändning. Detta ledde till följande problemformulering; Hur hanteras svårigheter som kan uppkomma vid användning av balanserat styrkort? Denna studie är kvalitativ och insamlingen av empirisk data har genomförts på två kommunala förvaltningar inom Helsingborgs stad. Genom denna studie har det framkommit att hanteringen av svårigheter är något som det aktivt arbetas med. För att skapa motivation och engagemang hos både medarbetare och chefer är det viktigt att skapa en förståelse för styrkortet på alla nivåer i organisationen samt att uppmuntra till kommunikation, kreativitet, eget ansvar och delaktighet i styrkortsarbetet. En central faktor till att kunna hantera de svårigheter som uppstår är det så kallade styrkortsnätverket som består av experter inom styrkortsanvändningen. En annan viktig faktor är målkedjan vilken skapar en tydlig röd tråd från mål till konkreta handlingar. Denna kan i sin tur reducera bristande motivation och engagemang då varje person inom verksamheten kan se sitt bidrag till de övergripande målen. Vi har även genom studien kommit fram till att ett väl utvecklat och aktuellt tekniskt systemstöd anses vara till stor hjälp för att styrkortsarbetet ska fungera. Detta system motverkar svårigheter som kan finnas i fråga om onödig och inaktuell information. Men för att önskad användning av systemet ska kunna ske krävs att användarna förstår sig på det. Detta har hanterats på så sätt enkelhet är i fokus för att kunna säkerställa optimal användning.

Labor protection, that is prevention of occupational disease and reducing the frequency of accident, has always been a matter of major concern of mining industry. Management and the government should promote and maintain high safety standards through some measures and tools to reduce frequency of accidents and occupational diseases. This thesis describes the development of a national occupational health and safety management tool that is composed of educational, statistical and database interfaces for mine safety and health administration. The detailed analysis of an accident requires knowledge of many parameters such as location, time, type, cost of the accident, victim information, nature of injury, result of the accident etc. that can be obtained from a standard coded accident report form. So, database interface of the management tool is developed with this sense to realize collecting accident data in a nationally used format to produce a common safety reporting system. Prepared database maintains user-friendly environment on Internet to submit accident information. Dynamic structure and ease of use of the developed database allow administered user to expand it without detailed computer programming knowledge. This was achieved by prepared modules to change or register new data fields within the database. Created database is also secure since only gives data input access rights to registered users. Database administrator is able to create registered users. Registered users could be safety engineer or manager of a mine who is responsible from the submission of data to the ministry of labor. So, standard and secure accident data collected rapidly through Internet connection. The other feature of the database is that, it is open to all people to query accidents with many aspects. Prepared management tool also includes educational interface, content of which can also be enlarged, as the new ideas, information or solutions for accidents are improved. This information is also open to all people since educating workers and managers about accidents and prevention techniques can improve working conditions and increase awareness. Knowing the fact that submitted accident data is still collected in hard copies in folders, the need for a kind of management tool, which is completed in this study, is obvious. Application of this kind of management tool will be able to prevent the collection of accident data in dusty shelves and share the accident data information with all people who are interested in with this subject.

O Projeto Coleta Seletiva Compartilhada, do Programa Socioambiental da Prefeitura Municipal de São Leopoldo, consiste na coleta diferenciada dos resíduos recicláveis produzidos nas residências, nas empresas, nas escolas, nos órgãos públicos e em outras instituições, gerando trabalho e renda às famílias que atuam no programa e a redução dos impactos ambientais. Visando garantir o sucesso do projeto são necessárias formas efetivas de controle, que auxiliem a equipe coordenadora do projeto na sua gestão. Assim, o acompanhamento da coleta seletiva e o desenvolvimento de indicadores que atestem a viabilidade do projeto e a manutenção de sua viabilidade. Além da revisão bibliográfica sobre indicadores e em específico para os utilizados na limpeza urbana, foram desenvolvidos seis indicadores, nos seguintes temas: econômico, social, gerencial, saúde, ambiental e de qualidade do serviço. Resultando em valores que demonstraram: déficit financeiro crescente na coleta seletiva; valores que representaram menos de 10% na eficiência na coleta de material seletivo; redução no valor que avaliou os aspectos sociais; variações de até 217% no desempenho ambiental; e uma boa avaliação da população quanto à qualidade do serviço. O desenvolvimento e a avaliação dos indicadores socioambientais servirão para que as municipalidades possam corrigir os rumos de projetos de coleta seletiva, usando-os como ferramentas de gestão e a partir das informações geradas desenvolverem ações corretivas. Em São Leopoldo, a coleta sofreu alterações na sua rotina, com a realização da coleta por empresa terceirizada em parcela da cidade, além de ficar constatada a necessidade de outros programas como o de atendimento escolar dirigido a população de catadores, como forma de melhoria das condições sociais dos mesmos. / The Waste Recycling Shared Project, of the Environmental Program of the City of São Leopoldo, consists of differentiated collection of recyclable waste produced in homes, businesses, schools, government agencies and other institutions, generating jobs and income to families who work in program and reducing environmental impacts. Aiming to ensure project success are needed effective ways to control that help the team coordinator of the project in its management. Thus, monitoring of selective collection and the development of indicators that demonstrates the feasibility of the project and maintaining its viability. Besides the literature review on indicators and in particular those used for solid waste management, six indicators were developed in the following areas: economic, social, management, health, environment and quality of service. Resulting in values that show: increasing financial deficit in selective collection; values that represented less than 10% efficiency in collecting material selection, reduction in evaluated value that social aspects; variations of up to 217% in environmental performance, and a good evaluation population about the quality of service. The development and evaluation of socioenvironmental indicators serve to municipalities may correct the course of selective collection projects, using them as management tools and information generated basis of developing corrective actions. In São Leopoldo, the collection has changed in the routine, with the realization of the collection by a third party in part of town, and evidenced the need for other programs such as school attendance addressed to the population of scavengers, as a way of improving social conditions of the same.

abstract: The critical infrastructures of the nation are a large and complex network of human, physical and cyber-physical systems. In recent times, it has become increasingly apparent that individual critical infrastructures, such as the power and communication networks, do not operate in isolation, but instead are part of a complex interdependent ecosystem where a failure involving a small set of network entities can trigger a cascading event resulting in the failure of a much larger set of entities through the failure propagation process. Recognizing the need for a deeper understanding of the interdependent relationships between such critical infrastructures, several models have been proposed and analyzed in the last few years. However, most of these models are over-simplified and fail to capture the complex interdependencies that may exist between critical infrastructures. To overcome the limitations of existing models, this dissertation presents a new model -- the Implicative Interdependency Model (IIM) that is able to capture such complex interdependency relations. As the potential for a failure cascade in critical interdependent networks poses several risks that can jeopardize the nation, this dissertation explores relevant research problems in the interdependent power and communication networks using the proposed IIM and lays the foundations for further study using this model. Apart from exploring problems in interdependent critical infrastructures, this dissertation also explores resource allocation techniques for environments enabled with cyber-physical systems. Specifically, the problem of efficient path planning for data collection using mobile cyber-physical systems is explored. Two such environments are considered: a Radio-Frequency IDentification (RFID) environment with mobile “Tags” and “Readers”, and a sensor data collection environment where both the sensors and the data mules (data collectors) are mobile. Finally, from an applied research perspective, this dissertation presents Raptor, an advanced network planning and management tool for mitigating the impact of spatially correlated, or region based faults on infrastructure networks. Raptor consolidates a wide range of studies conducted in the last few years on region based faults, and provides an interface for network planners, designers and operators to use the results of these studies for designing robust and resilient networks in the presence of spatially correlated faults. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Computer Science 2016

O planejamento estratégico é uma das ferramentas da administração de grande importância para a tomada de decisão. A área nuclear representa um segmento de grande importância na sociedade moderna, não só na produção de energia, bem como em muitos outros setores da economia. Objetivou-se nesse trabalho de doutorado propor a implantação de um planejamento norteado pela ferramenta estratégica, o BSC-Balanced Scorecard por meio dos indicadores de desempenho relacionais, de modo a facilitar a visualização da forma mais simples possível pelos gestores, com base nos atuais planos estratégicos institucionais do Laboratório de Produção de Fontes Seladas. A metodologia utilizada nesse estudo acadêmico de doutorado foi o estudo de caso, o qual considerou o período de pesquisa de 2008 a 2015. Entre os principais resultados esperados com esse estudo podem ser citados: uma melhor visualização dos planos estratégicos, uma ferramenta adicional de apoio a gestão, a possibilidade de mudança de periodicidade de análises de resultados e metas a serem atingidas entre outros. Diante dos resultados esperados foi possível concluir que este estudo poderá ser de grande valia para o Laboratório de Produção de Fontes Seladas, caso seu gestores optem por adotar essa ferramenta de gestão. Por fim, esta proposição possibilitaria a este laboratório, uma maior facilidade no processo de identificação e mapeamento de futuras direções da organização a partir dos recursos que possui e que, de certa forma, trarão como benefícios, maior visibilidade e ações mais eficazes. / Strategic planning is one of most important management tools for decision making. The Nuclear Area is a major segment in modern society not only in energy production but in many other sectors of the economy. The objective of this doctoral research was to propose the implementation of planning strategic tool, the BSCBalanced Scorecard through relational performance indicators in order to facilitate the visualization in the simplest possible way for managers based on current and institutional strategic plans of the Sealed Sources Production Laboratory. The methodology used in this academic doctoral study was a case study, which considered the survey period from 2008 to 2015. The main results expected from this study can be cited as: a better view of the strategic plans, an additional tool in order to support management decision making, the ability to change the frequency of analysis and results and targets to be achieved among others. After the results that this research has achieved it can be concluded that this study could be of a great value to the Sealed Sources Production Laboratory if their managers choose to adopt this management tool. Finally, this proposal will enable this lab mapping directions for this lab in a more effective way using the resources it has, by doing so, it will bring benefits such as greater visibility and more effective action on strategic decision making process.

O Projeto Coleta Seletiva Compartilhada, do Programa Socioambiental da Prefeitura Municipal de São Leopoldo, consiste na coleta diferenciada dos resíduos recicláveis produzidos nas residências, nas empresas, nas escolas, nos órgãos públicos e em outras instituições, gerando trabalho e renda às famílias que atuam no programa e a redução dos impactos ambientais. Visando garantir o sucesso do projeto são necessárias formas efetivas de controle, que auxiliem a equipe coordenadora do projeto na sua gestão. Assim, o acompanhamento da coleta seletiva e o desenvolvimento de indicadores que atestem a viabilidade do projeto e a manutenção de sua viabilidade. Além da revisão bibliográfica sobre indicadores e em específico para os utilizados na limpeza urbana, foram desenvolvidos seis indicadores, nos seguintes temas: econômico, social, gerencial, saúde, ambiental e de qualidade do serviço. Resultando em valores que demonstraram: déficit financeiro crescente na coleta seletiva; valores que representaram menos de 10% na eficiência na coleta de material seletivo; redução no valor que avaliou os aspectos sociais; variações de até 217% no desempenho ambiental; e uma boa avaliação da população quanto à qualidade do serviço. O desenvolvimento e a avaliação dos indicadores socioambientais servirão para que as municipalidades possam corrigir os rumos de projetos de coleta seletiva, usando-os como ferramentas de gestão e a partir das informações geradas desenvolverem ações corretivas. Em São Leopoldo, a coleta sofreu alterações na sua rotina, com a realização da coleta por empresa terceirizada em parcela da cidade, além de ficar constatada a necessidade de outros programas como o de atendimento escolar dirigido a população de catadores, como forma de melhoria das condições sociais dos mesmos. / The Waste Recycling Shared Project, of the Environmental Program of the City of São Leopoldo, consists of differentiated collection of recyclable waste produced in homes, businesses, schools, government agencies and other institutions, generating jobs and income to families who work in program and reducing environmental impacts. Aiming to ensure project success are needed effective ways to control that help the team coordinator of the project in its management. Thus, monitoring of selective collection and the development of indicators that demonstrates the feasibility of the project and maintaining its viability. Besides the literature review on indicators and in particular those used for solid waste management, six indicators were developed in the following areas: economic, social, management, health, environment and quality of service. Resulting in values that show: increasing financial deficit in selective collection; values that represented less than 10% efficiency in collecting material selection, reduction in evaluated value that social aspects; variations of up to 217% in environmental performance, and a good evaluation population about the quality of service. The development and evaluation of socioenvironmental indicators serve to municipalities may correct the course of selective collection projects, using them as management tools and information generated basis of developing corrective actions. In São Leopoldo, the collection has changed in the routine, with the realization of the collection by a third party in part of town, and evidenced the need for other programs such as school attendance addressed to the population of scavengers, as a way of improving social conditions of the same.