No description available.

Studiens syfte är att undersöka förskollärares definition, erfarenheter och tankar om utomhuspedagogik. Vilka möjligheter och hinder anser lärarna att det finns med pedagogiken och vilken påverkan deras syn kan ha för barns meningsskapande. Studien bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med fem förskollärare från tre förskolor och dokumenteras med ljudinspelning. Studien utgår från ett postmodernistiskt perspektiv med John Deweys teori om learning by doing. Resultatet analyseras för att tydliggöra vilken betydelse utomhuspedagogikens aspekter kan ha för barns meningsskapande. Studien visar att förskollärarna har en bredare syn på utomhuspedagogik i jämförelse med hur de definierar begreppet. En möjlig slutsats är att lärarna kan bidra till ett bredare meningsskapande hos barnen om de arbetar med pedagogiken på det sätt som resultatet visar om möjligheter och hinder. Studien visar att lärarna anser att det finns både möjligheter och hinder med utomhuspedagogik och en möjlig slutsats är att lärarnas förhållningssätt till utomhuspedagogik har stor betydelse för hur pedagogiken används och vilket meningsskapande det blir för barnen. En övergripande slutsats av studien är att om barn får kunskap och möjlighet att reflektera om de positiva effekterna av utevistelse kan de ha relevans för barnens förhållningssätt i framtiden.

This qualitative investigation addresses the notion of using the film The Matrix (Silver, & Wachowski, Wachowski, 1999) as a fortigenic tool. Fortigenesis is a process of developing strengths. Within the relatively new field of positive psychology (PP) the premise is that character strengths and virtues can be fostered to lead a better life with positive goals and richer meaning. This positive outlook has several links with existentialism. As such PP and existentialism were used as theoretical points of departure in this reading of the film. For this new field to grow, positive psychologists embrace the idea of using many foci. Hence many looking-glasses or lenses were used in this reading: these are PP, existentialism, philosophy, Christianity and fairy-tales. As a result, several PP notions such as self-efficacy, love, hope, courage, open-mindedness, creativity and faith and two existential themes, freedom of choice and will to meaning, were read into this motion picture. Thus conceptually, The Matrix is specifically explored as a filmic container. Its application as a fortigenic tool is highlighted through the use of Broaden-and-Build theory to validate and solidify constructs. Broaden-and-build theory is founded on the idea that positive emotions lead to a broadening of cognition (e.g. new and creative ways of thinking), which in turn allows for a broader repertoire of positive actions that people can consider. Lastly, conclusions are discussed, one being that more research about the positive in psychology is necessary. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / tm2015 / Psychology / MA / Unrestricted

The history of translation has been built on the notions that the translator either leaves the writer alone and moves towards the reader (domesticating the text), or leaves the reader alone and moves towards the writer (foreignising the text). These strategies have been called many names, but the translator has always been faced with the choice between domesticating or foreignising the target text. This study considers the options available to a translator when translating the proper nouns and neologisms in a fantasy novel. The translator should not move towards and stand next to the reader to create a target text that is unrecognisable compared to the source text. At the same time, the translator cannot remain next to the writer and thus not change the proper nouns and neologisms to ensure that the target-text readers can understand all – or most of – the potential meanings. If the translator does not move closer to the readers, they cannot have the same experience as source-text readers. This study looks at the translation theories, strategies and procedures that can be applied when translating proper nouns and neologisms used in Terry Pratchett’s Small Gods. It is limited to the study of the neologisms that act as proper nouns, and does not look at other neologisms in the novel. The study identifies translation procedures that retain the meaning potential of the proper nouns and neologisms in the source text in the process of translating them into an Afrikaans target text. It compares the procedures that may have been used by the Dutch translator, by Venugopalan Ittekot, of the novel, Kleingoderij, into Dutch with the procedures that are identified to be used by a translator of the text into Afrikaans. This study identifies the procedures most appropriate to a possible translation of proper nouns and neologisms in Small Gods to Afrikaans in order to retain the meaning potential. The translation procedures that has been identified are addition, cultural adaptation, internationalisation, literal translation, neutralisation, substitution, transference, transliteration and transposition. These procedures can be used to attain equivalence at word level and in such a way that the meaning-potential is retained. / Dissertation (MA) University of Pretoria, 2016. / African Languages / MA / Unrestricted

Qu’est-ce qui légitime un discours éthique ? Se distingue-t-il des autres discours ? Pouvons-nous nous entendre sur un tel sujet ? Voilà quelques questions choisies auxquelles nous allons tenter de répondre. Notre étude se nourrit des réflexions de Ludwig Wittgenstein. La position de ce dernier concernant l’éthique présente plusieurs aspects de ce thème. Pendant une période de son parcours intellectuel, elle apparaît à la fois fondamentale et taboue, alors que dans une autre, elle trouve une place dans le discours, mais s’évanouit dans un certain relativisme. En disposant une trame où l’éthique s’enchevêtre, le discours se révèle un médium crucial. Au sein de cet espace, notre enquête déterminera la cohérence de la relation entre l’éthique et la signification. En scrutant un type de discours particulier (l’éthique médicale), nous confronterons ultimement l’apport wittgensteinien sur cette question. Il nous sera alors envisageable de pointer la possibilité d’une cohérence de l’éthique au sein du langage. / What legitimizes an ethical speech? Does it distinguish itself from other speeches? Can we agree on such subject? Here are some selected questions which we will try to answer. Our study is nourished by Ludwig Wittgenstein thoughts. The latter’s position concerning the ethics presents several aspects of this thematic. For a period of his intellectual journey, it seems fundamental and taboo and for another one, it finds a place in the speech, but falls into certain relativism. By setting a background where the ethics is entwined, the speech appears as a crucial medium. Within this space, our investigation will determine the coherence of the relation between ethics and meaning. By scrutinizing a particular speech type (medical ethics), we shall confront ultimately the wittgensteinian contribution on this question. It will then be possible for us to point the possibility of a coherence of the ethics within the language.

Orientador: Ana Silvia Lopes Davi Médola / Resumo: Este trabalho realizou uma investigação acerca dos processos de criação de texto autônomos e a geração do sentido. Ferramentas digitais com recursos baseados em análises de dados e inteligência artificial inauguram novas etapas do processo de produção audiovisual. A partir da análise do roteiro de dois curtas-metragens gerados em uma rede neural de recorrências, avaliamos o processo de composição do texto e a formação do sentido. Para isto, utilizamos o aporte teórico-metodológico da semiótica discursiva francesa. Dentre os resultados obtidos, identificamos a interferência humana sobre o conteúdo criado de forma autônoma como a principal função geradora do sentido. O modelo de geração de texto com redes neurais abordado nesta pesquisa recorre somente a dados quantitativos para a geração dos conteúdos, mostrando-se ineficiente na construção semântica. A partir disso, propomos uma camada de interface entre o motor de geração de textos da rede neural e a composição final do texto, de modo que esta deve preencher requisitos do percurso gerativo do sentido, parametrizando a chamada de uma função recursiva de geração semântica. / Abstract: This work carried out the processes of autonomous text creation and the generation of meaning. Digital tools with data analysis capabilities and artificial intelligence usher in new stages of the audiovisual production process. From the script analysis of two short films generated in a recurrent neural network, we evaluated the process of text composition and the formation of meaning. For this, we use the theoretical-methodological contribution of the French discursive semiotics. Among the results obtained, we identified human interference with autonomously created content as the main meaning-generating function. The text generation model with neural networks approached in this research uses only quantitative data for content generation, proving to be inefficient in semantic construction. From this, we propose an interface layer between the neural network text generation engine and the final composition of the text, so that it must fulfill the requirements of the generative sense path, parameterizing the call of a recursive semantic generation function. / Mestre

Spiritual care for the sick and its organization in three hospitals The aim of this thesis is to describe and compare the organization of spiritual care at Sisters of Mercy of St. Borromeo Hospital, University Hospital in Motol and Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice. The first part presents theoretical knowledge in the area of spiritual needs of patients and the provision of spiritual care. The practical part analyzes the provision of spiritual care in the selected hospitals. The practical part is based on information which was given in interviews with spiritual care providers in selected hospitals. Their statements are divided into topics allowing comparison. This thesis describes the development of spiritual care in the institution, the organization of a team of spiritual care providers, education and type of employment. It examines nature and availability of spiritual care, cooperation with the health departments. The purpose of this thesis is to highlight the state of providing spiritual care in hospitals in Prague and to induce a discussion on the topic. Keywords spirituality, care for the sick, suffering, meaning, accompanying

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.