Peter Reyner Banham (1922-1988) foi um dos críticos e historiadores de arquitetura responsáveis pela revisão crítica do movimento moderno. Esta dissertação pretende abordar o olhar do autor em direção às expressões vernaculares modernas na arquitetura, design na paisagem dos Estados Unidos. Este olhar seria amparado pela relação entre arquitetura e tecnologia. O Primeiro Capítulo consiste em um estudo historiográfico dos deslocamentos intelectuais da Europa aos Estados Unidos da América. A formação das instituições de ensino de arquitetura americanas será investigada, bem como a trajetória de arquitetos, críticos e historiadores de arquitetura europeus, dando destaque a geração de intelectuais ingleses à qual Banham pertence. O Segundo Capítulo investigará a obra de Reyner Banham sobre as relações entre arquitetura moderna e tecnologia, focando em seu estudo crítico a respeito dos historiadores modernos e suas posturas em relação à arquitetura americana. O Terceiro Capítulo é um estudo teórico sobre o olhar de Banham sobre as paisagens culturais dos Estados Unidos, e dos objetos da arquitetura cotidiana, da cultura de consumo de massa, e das expressões anônimas no espaço urbano. / Peter Reyner Banham (1922-1988) was one of the architectural historians responsible for the critical revision of the modern movement. This dissertation aims on the approach on the author\'s view of the modern vernacular expressions in architecture, design in the United States landscape. This specific view have been supported by his experience in the relationship between architecture and technology. The first chapter consist in a historiographical survey on the intellectual displacements from Europe to the United States of America. The formation of the American architecture teaching institutions will be investigated, as the trajectory of the European architects, critics and architectural historians, outlining Reyner Banham\'s generation of British intellectuals. The second chapter visits Reyner Banham\'s works, regarding the relationships between modern architecture and technology, focusing his critical study on the modern historians and how they stand towards American architecture. The third chapter is a theoretical study on Banham\'s view on the cultural landscapes of the U.S., and the objects of everyday architecture, mass consumption culture, and the anonymous expressions in urban spaces.

A pesquisa debruça-se sobre a arquitetura religiosa moderna produzida no Brasil, sua trajetória e seu processo de renovação ao longo do século XX, tendo a luz natural como o protagonista deste espaço e o uso das técnicas de proporcionamento na composição plástica das igrejas como eficazes em mobilizar a percepção humana. O objeto de estudo da presente pesquisa configura-se através da arquitetura religiosa produzida por personagens do Movimento Moderno no Brasil: Oscar Niemeyer, Edgar Guimarães do Valle, Dominikus Böhm, Gottfried Böhm, Adolf Franz Heep, Edgar Oliveira Fonseca, Joaquim Guedes, Hans Broos, Antônio Carlos Farias Pedrosa, Jerônimo Bonilha Esteves, Israel Sancovski e Carlos Alberto Naves. Numa delimitação histórica, restringe-se ao período entre 1940 e 1970, fase de implementação, assimilação e consolidação dos princípios modernos no Brasil. Através do estudo e análise das capelas e igrejas escolhidas, a pesquisa desvenda as formas pelas quais o arquiteto entendeu o conceito luminoso, o problema de medidas e de proporções e como isso se refletiu nas expressões e linguagens que envolvem a arquitetura. Para isso, o trabalho analisa treze obras. Os programas representativos dessa arquitetura a serem estudados serão capelas e igrejas católicas. / The research focuses on modern religious architecture produced in Brazil, its history and its process of renewal throughout the twentieth century and the natural light as the protagonist of this space and the use of proportioning techniques in plastic composition of the churches as effective to mobilize human perception. The study object of this research is configured through religious architecture produced by Modern Movement in Brazil characters: Oscar Niemeyer, Edgar Guimarães Valle, Dominikus Böhm, Gottfried Böhm, Adolf Franz Heep, Edgar Oliveira Fonseca, Joaquim Guedes, Hans Broos, Antonio Carlos Farias Pedrosa, Jeronimo Bonilha Esteves, Israel Sancovski and Carlos Alberto Naves. In a historical definition, is limited to the period between 1940 and 1970, the implementation phase, assimilation and consolidation of modern principles in Brazil. Through the study and analysis of the chosen chapels and churches, the research reveals the ways in which the architect got the bright idea, the problem of measurements and proportions and how it was reflected in the expressions and languages that involve architecture. For this, the paper analyzes thirteen works. Representative programs of this architecture to be studied will be chapels and Catholic churches.

\"Galiano Ciampaglia. Razões de uma arquitetura\" - estuda um arquiteto que identifica as bases da profissão no ofício do pai, um mestre-canteiro a serviço de Ramos de Azevedo. Vinculado com seus pares, Jacob Ruchti e Miguel Forte, à historiografia da cidade através do edifício-sede IAB-SP, Galiano Ciampaglia (n.1913) é também protagonista do pioneirismo da Escola de Engenharia Mackenzie que, em 1939, forma a primeira turma de arquitetos paulistas reconhecidos pelo Ministério da Educação e da Saúde. Desenhado a partir de fragmentos de quase um século, o caráter do estudo é em primeiro lugar de natureza histórica. O diferencial do gênero é agregar a um estudioso de Frank Lloyd Wright e à uma produção focada na casa paulista, uma personalidade e uma formação ao mesmo tempo pragmática e erudita, fundamentais à compreensão de sua obra e de sua reserva. / \"Galiano Ciampaglia. Reasons for an architecture\" studies an architect that identifies as bases for his profession, his own father\'s occupation, as a master - mason that worked for Ramos de Azevedo. Together with his partners, Jacob Ruchti e Miguel Forte, Galiano Ciampaglia (born 1913) is connected to the history of the city as one of the designers of IAB-SP\'s main office. He is also a graduate of Mackenzie Engineering School\'s first class of architect\'s officially recognized in São Paulo by the Ministry of Education and Health. Drawn from the scraps of nearly a century, the essence of the study is primarily historic. The differentiation in this case is to add to this Frank Lloyd Wright admirator and a residential specialist, a personality and background at the same time pragmatic and erudite, fundamental to the understanding of his work and heritage.

O objeto desta tese, inserida na área de concentração de Projeto de Arquitetura e apoiada pelo CNPq, é o conjunto de trinta e nove projetos residenciais não-construídos de João Batista Vilanova Artigas no Estado de São Paulo, disponíveis no acervo digital da Biblioteca da FAUUSP (1941-1981). O objetivo é analisar este conjunto de projetos, individual e comparativamente, e identificar características de projeto, contribuindo para uma leitura do conjunto da obra residencial de Vilanova Artigas. A hipótese desta tese se fundamenta na assertiva que a análise deste conjunto de projetos, muitos inéditos e ainda não analisados no âmbito acadêmico, contribui para um maior entendimento e compreensão de sua obra residencial. A metodologia desta pesquisa envolveu a elaboração de re-desenhos e construção de maquetes físicas com auxílio das novas tecnologias de fabricação digital. Adotou-se o método de análise gráfica para investigar os espaços e formas, enquanto a maquete contribuiu para a correta análise de sua tridimensionalidade. Concluímos que o estudo do conjunto dos projetos não-construídos contribui de modo significativo, para o melhor entendimento e compreensão da obra arquitetônica residencial de Vilanova Artigas em São Paulo. Afirmamos que a metodologia adotada na análise dos projetos não-construídos foi fundamental para o estudo e para a compreensão destes projetos. A presente pesquisa contribuiu para a identificação de tipos formais neste conjunto analisado. Os resultados obtidos, decorrentes das análises e das sínteses realizadas, permitem afirmar que o arquiteto adota diferentes soluções e diferentes estratégias para desenvolver os seus projetos residenciais e que não há uma fórmula rígida para sua arquitetura. / The object of this thesis, inserted in Architectural Project area of concentration and supported by CNPq, is the thirty-nine unbuilt residential projects designed by João Batista Vilanova Artigas in the State of São Paulo, available on the digital collection of FAUUSP Library (1941-1981). The aim is to analyze these projects, individually and comparatively, to identify design themes contributing to a better understanding of the residential architecture designed by Vilanova Artigas. The hypothesis of this thesis is based on the affirmation that the analysis of these projects, many of them unpublished and not yet analyzed in academic researches, contributes to a better knowledge and understanding of his residential architecture. The methodology procedure for this research involved the development of drawings and construction of physical models supported by new technologies of digital fabrication. We adopted the method of graphical analysis to investigate the spaces and forms, while the physical model contributed to the accurate analysis of their three-dimensionality. We have concluded that the study of these unbuilt projects contributed, in a very significant way, to a better understanding and comprehension of residential architecture designed by Vilanova Artigas in Sao Paulo. The methodology adopted in the analysis of unbuilt projects was fundamental to the study and understanding of these projects. The research contributed to identify formal types of these projects. The analysis allow us to affirm that the architect adopted different solutions and different strategies to develop his residential projects. In other words, there is no rule or formula adopt by the architect.

Orientador: Silvana Barbosa Rubino / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T22:47:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moura_LigiaCarolinaSilva_M.pdf: 128985965 bytes, checksum: 7448a1288cbde2a62b00e80bbd07a4b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: O trabalho aqui apresentado, cujo recorte se fez na cidade de São Paulo, se propôs a estudar edifícios habitacionais do período entre 1940 e 1970, principalmente por meio dos anúncios publicitários da época e em especial de cinco exemplares, escolhidos por sua relevância arquitetônica. Com essa análise, pretendeu-se ao mesmo tempo explorar mais acerca daquilo que motivou a verticalização e as mudanças no modo de morar ocasionadas pela transição da casa térrea unifamiliar para a habitação multifamiliar verticalizada, tal como a imagem do edifício de habitação perante um público leigo. A abordagem deu-se principalmente pela perspectiva do imaginário da época que associava a ideia de modernidade aos grandes edifícios, que puderam ser construídos graças aos avanços tecnológicos aproveitados pela arquitetura moderna / Abstract: This dissertation, which used the city of São Paulo as its main frame, is a study on residential buildings of the period set between the 1940's and 1970's. Through the review of advertisements from this time period, focusing on five specific issues chosen for their architectural significance, this work sought to simultaneously explore more about what motivated the vertical growth and the changes in the way of living caused by the transition from single-family houses to multifamily housing, such as the image of the vertical residential building for the lay public. The subject was approached mainly from the perspective of this time frame, in which the idea of modernity was often associated with large buildings that could only be built thanks to the technological advances availed by modern architecture / Mestrado / Politica, Memoria e Cidade / Mestra em História

This thesis aims to analyse the development and planning of the construction of the blocks of small flats at the Zelná liška residental district in the Pankrác area of Prague in the years from 1932 to 1939. The first chapter focuses on how the architectural trends in the country and worldwide at that time impacted the development and the area planning. The second chapter deals with the description of flats being built at that time, which were small in size but practical and hygienic, and the main purpose behind their construction. In particular, it deals with the new look of the apartment houses, with the changes of their ground plans and the law regulations related. The following two parts are dedicated exclusively to the development of the area around Pankrác. The objective is to provide its demarcation and a brief overview of the area's development at the time just before the Capital of Prague was established, and the regulation. The chapters also include a detailed summary of the competition to construct the new municipal houses the new municipal houses in the Zelená liška area between two competitors - the Central Social Insurance Company and the City of Prague. The result of the competition influenced the developer's decision on the choice of type of the houses and flats. Some of these flats are...

Sujet aux contours mouvants, largement arpenté par les historiens, la question des espaces dédiés au bain attendait de rentrer pleinement dans le champ de l’histoire de l’architecture. Depuis quatre décennies elle se concentre sur l’étude des distributions et des manières d’habiter les grandes demeures de l’époque moderne. Une étude sur le temps long était nécessaire pour saisir les changements subtils des formes et des usages des pièces de bains. L’enquête est circonscrite par deux moments charnières pour l’histoire de l’architecture française : d’une part, l’avènement de François Ier en 1515 qui inaugura une politique artistique ambitieuse, en particulier dans les résidences royales ; d’autre part, la fin du règne de Louis XV en 1774, marquée en outre par le décès de Jacques-François Blondel, protecteur d’un classicisme architectural hérité du Grand Siècle. L’étude est fondée sur un corpus de notices monographiques embrassant le large spectre de l’habitat, du palais à la maison. Les sources de l’histoire de l’architecture, l’analyse du bâti des bains subsistants ont permis de définir des typologies d’espaces et des manières d’habiter. Afin de rendre plus sensible l’usage des lieux, le questionnement a été élargi à l’histoire de la médecine et des mentalités. / The theme of spaces dedicated to bath is a hardly defined subject, well studied by historians, but which had to be broached through the history of architecture. This field of study has focused for decades to analyse the layout and the ways of inhabiting in the great residences of modern times. A study on an extended period of time was necessary to understand the subtle changes of forms and uses of bath rooms. This study is defined by two turning points in the history of French architecture: on one hand the accession of François Ier in 1515, whom inaugurated an ambitious artistic politics, in particular for royal residences; one the other hand the end of the reign of Louis XV in 1774, furthermore the year of the death of Jacques-François Blondel who was a defender of an architectural classicism inspired by the Grand Siècle. This study is based on a catalogue of monographic notes incorporating the wide-ranging aspect of the housing, from palaces to houses. The sources of the history of architecture and the study of the construction of remaining baths made possible a definition of spaces typologies and ways of inhabiting. In order to make clearer the use of spaces, the study was enlarged to the history of medicine and mentalities.

[pt] A historiografia da Arquitetura Moderna Brasileira tende a privilegiar a construção de uma coerência ficcional que determina grupos aos quais todos arquitetos atuantes naquele período são anexados. No entanto, uma análise mais detalhada traz à tona a existência de múltiplas formas de ação que não concorrem para tal unidade fictícia. Dentre eles estão os arquitetos que trabalham prioritariamente para o mercado da construção civil, que lhes impõe regras, meios, relações econômicas, que contaminam seu modo de operação projetual. Essa tese busca, através da análise de dois escritórios de arquitetura cariocas – MMMRoberto e Henrique Mindlin Arquitetos Associados - perceber de que maneiras as imposições do mercado alteram a obra de tais escritórios, fazendo-os adquirir características de concepção de projeto e de organização funcional que os torne distintos de outros escritórios atuantes no mesmo período. / [en] The historiography of Brazilian Modern Architecture tends to favor the construction of a fictional coherence; determining groups to which all architects that have worked in that period are attached to. However, a more detailed analysis brings to light the existence of multiple forms of action that do not compete for this fictitious unity. Among them, architects who work primarily for the construction market, which imposes rules, resources, economic relations, that contaminate their modus operandi. This thesis tries to determinate by the analyses of two modern architectural offices – MMMRoberto and Henrique Mindlin Arquitetos Associados - in which ways the market impositions do change the work of these architectural firms, leading them to acquire different design characteristics and organizational methods.

L'histoire des logements sociaux en France est intimement liée à celle de l'architecture moderne et de l'urbanisme. L'expérience coloniale marocaine (1912 - 1956) joue un rôle important dans l'évolution de ces derniers; le Maroc leur servant de terrain d'expérimentation pendant l'entre­deux-guerres avant que les concepts développés ne soient transférés en France métropolitaine. L'objet de cette étude est de démontrer comment l'expérience coloniale marocaine eut une grande influence sur les politiques de logements sociaux menées en France métropolitaine entre 1912 et 1980. Le principe de l'histoire croisée permet d'analyser les transferts qui eurent lieu entre les deux pays, comment chacun des pays influencèrent l'évolution des concepts transférés et comment ces transferts influencèrent les politiques nationales. L'étude des villes de Bordeaux en France et de Casablanca au Maroc permet d'étudier l'application de ces politiques nationales au niveau local et d'analyser comment ces différentes politiques modifièrent le visage des deux villes. / The history of social housing in France is strongly connected to those of modern architecture and urbanism. The Moroccan colonial experience (1912- 1956) plays an important role in the evolution of both fields. Morocco served both of them as a field of experimentation during the interwar period, before the developed concepts get transferred back to France. The goal of this study is to demonstrate how the Moroccan colonial experience influences the social housing policies that have been done in-France between 1912 and 1980. The concept of histoire croisée allow to analyze which transfers take place between both countries, how each of both country influence the evolution of the transferred concepts and how these transfers influence the national policies. The study of Bordeaux in France and Casablanca in Morocco allows to analyze how theses national policies get applicate on local level and to study how these differences policies change the face of both cities.

The purpose of this study is to show that an awareness of modern architecture is developing in Dallas, Texas. This will be shown by an analysis of several recently constructed residential, civic, and commercial buildings. The contributions of American and European architects who have influenced our contemporary architecture are reviewed to in order to develop a background for this study. This will be shown by an analysis of several recently constructed residential, civic and commercial buildings.