Bakgrund: Dagligen diskuteras utländsk makroekonomiska data i svensk media, där förväntningarna på utvecklingen av dessa sätts i sammanhang med utvecklingen på den svenska börsen. Syfte: Målet med den här studien var att utröna i hur stor utsträckning denna information kan anses vara betydande för en aktieinvesterare med kapital på den svenska börsen. Hänsyn togs även till börscykler samt varierande tidsperioder. Genomförande: Med grund i the Arbitrage Pricing Theory genomfördes multipla regressionsanalyser, med det svenska indexet OMXS30 som beroendevariabel. Undersökningarna baserades på månadsdata för perioden april 1991 till och med augusti 2006. Den makroekonomiska datan försköts därtill en period för att ta hänsyn till variablernas eventuella fördröja effekter på Stockholmsbörsen. Resultat: Integrationen mellan börserna visade sig ha ökat över tiden, med undantag för extraordinära perioder som IT-boomen, där makroekonomiska fundamentaldata istället slås ut. En positiv utvecklingen av långräntan samt konsumentförtroendet i USA tyder på en samtida börsuppgång i Sverige. Vidare är båda växelkurserna starkt signifikanta, där en stärkt dollar och en försvagad euro har positiva effekter på den svenska marknadsutvecklingen. / Background: Foreign macroeconomic fundamentals are daily discussed in the Swedish media, where expectations on the development of these are put into context with the ecnonomic development in Sweden. Aim: The purpose of this thesis is to analyse to what extent this information is important for a investor on the Swedish Stock Market. Consideration was also taken to trends in the Stock Market as well as varying time periods. Research Method: Against the background of the Abritrage Pricing Theory a multiple regression analysis was conducted,with the Swedish Stock Market Index OMXS30 as the dependent variable. The macroeconomic variables where based on monthly data between April 1991 and August 2006 and were thereto lagged one period in order to identify any delayed effects. Result: The integration between the Stock Markets was found to increse over time, with the exception of extraordinary periods, as the IT-boom, where macroeconomic fundamentals lost significance. A positive long-term interest rate as well as a positive consumer confidence in the U.S. was found to indicate a contemporary rising market in Sweden. Further were both of the exchange rates found significant, where a stronger dollar and a weaker euro have positive effects on the Swedish current Stock Market.

過去都市更新相關文獻中，多在分析都市更新制度與探討相關法令缺失，且多以權利變換方式探討地主權益之分配，較少以量化分析來研究都市更新協議合建分配型態，對於地主所關注合建分配比率之影響因素也未能深入研究。本研究透過文獻回顧與台北市都市更新之現況分析後，掌握可能之影響變數，藉由實證資料之蒐集與相關變數之選取，將資料進行複迴歸實證分析，以探討影響都市更新合建分配比率之顯著變數。 本研究篩選出可能影響合建分配比率之14個自變項，並排除相關係較高之土地所有權人數及建築成本兩變數後，透過複迴歸分析，結果顯示有8項達顯著性之影響因素，其中個別屬性變數包括每人土地面積、每容積公告土地現值、平均容積率、臨路寬度與臨路寬度平方、都市更新容積獎勵率、區域房價等6項達顯著性，除臨路寬度平方與都市更新合建分配比率呈負向關係外，其他皆呈正向關係，而在總體經濟變數有上一月基準利率及上一季M2年增率等2項達顯著性，其中上一月基準利率與都市更新合建分配比率呈負向關係，而上一季M2年增率與都市更新合建分配比率呈正向關係。 由實證結果得知，增加都市更新容積獎勵，確實有助提昇地主合建分配比率，因此，政府應適度調整容積獎勵項目及上限，使地主參加都市更新後，能獲得較佳之居住環境與較高之居住面積水準，甚至保障地主原居住面積水準，以增加地主參與都市更新之意願。期望政府持續大力推動都市更新政策，透過建築規劃及設計，達到改善市容、美化環境、增進公共安全及提昇居住水準等政策目的，進而達到政府、地主及開發商三贏之目標。 / Most of the past research studies on urban renewal involves analysis in the related regulations and their shortcomings. Furthermore, studies based on allocation of land owners’ equity rights are mostly done from perspective of the rules set from the government supervised appraisal process known as Rights Transformation. Few of them are conducted using the quantitative approach to derive the equity rights of the landowners from the perspective of the process known as Joint Development --- a process of private negotiation and derived terms. Thus, through analysing research articles and the current state of the urban renewal projects in Taipei, this study first intends to identify the possible variables that might affect the equity share distribution. Then using regression analysis based on the selected variables and collections of empirical data, this study explores and derives variables of significant impacts on the equity share distribution between developers and landowners in jointly developed urban renewal projects. This research has screened 14 independent variables that might have impact the equity share distribution. Results of regression analysis identify 8 significant factors, including land area per owner, government assesed land value per floor area, average floor area ratio, road width, square of road width, floor area incentive for urban renewal, and surrounding area housing value. Most of the variables have positive relationships with the landowners’ equity except for the square of road width. Macroeconomic variables such as last month’s prime interest rate and M2 growth rate in the previous quarter are found to have significant impact as well. Of which, prime interest rate is found to have negative relationship with landowners’ equity, and M2 growth rate is found to have positive relationship. Based on this empirical study, the result shows that increasing urban renewal floor area incentives indeed enhances landowners’ equity rights in a jointly developed urban renewal project. Thus, government should adjust appropriately each of the floor area incentives and their maximum allowed limits, giving the original residents a better living environment and a slightly larger living space from the redeveloped project. Furthermore, to increase the willingness of the original residents’ participation in urban renewal projects, the government could guarantee the retention of their floor area in the redeveloped projects to be the same as the floor area before urban renewal. The government should continue to promote its urban renewal policy. Proper architecture planning and design will improve the city’s appearance and the environment, as well as enhancing public safety and living standards - through which the government will not only achieve its policy objectives, but also create a win-win situation between the developers, landowners, and the government itself.

This essay casts light on the quantitative aspect of the media representation of foreign news. The purpose of the essay is not only to describe the media representation of the countries of the world, but also to explain the representation out of structures that are mirrored by the mass media. Four hypotheses are stated that are operationalized in the research. These are treating four different factors that are believed to affect the representation, economy, geographical distance, cultural distance and the size of the population. A fifth hypothesis is stating that economy is the most influential of the factors. The factors are tested by using multiple regression analyses. Four Swedish newspapers have been selected for the study, two morning papers, one evening paper and one free daily newspaper. The representation is measured by the number of articles retrieved by searching a database containing the four newspapers. The search have included 183 countries and all articles from 2007 for these countries. The results shows that economy, geographical distance and size of population are the most important factors for the media representation. Economy is evinced to be the most influential of the factors.

Context. Human oracle cost, the cost associated in estimating the correctness of the output for the given test inputs is manually evaluated by humans and this cost is significant and is a concern in the software test data generation field. This study has been designed in the context to assess metrics that might predict human oracle cost. Objectives. The major objective of this study is to address the human oracle cost, for this the study identifies the metrics that are good predictors of human oracle cost and can further help to solve the oracle problem. In this process, the identified suitable metrics from the literature are applied on the test input, to see if they can help in predicting the correctness of the output for the given test input. Methods. Initially a literature review was conducted to find some of the metrics that are relevant to the test data. Besides finding the aforementioned metrics, our literature review also tries to find out some possible code metrics that can be ap- plied on test data. Before conducting the actual experiment two pilot experiments were conducted. To accomplish our research objectives an experiment is conducted in the BTH university with master students as sample population. Further group interviews were conducted to check if the participants perceive any new metrics that might impact the correctness of the output. The data obtained from the experiment and the interviews is analyzed using linear regression model in SPSS suite. Further to analyze the accuracy vs metric data, linear discriminant model using SPSS pro- gram suite was used. Results.Our literature review resulted in 4 metrics that are suitable to our study. As our test input is HTML we took HTML depth, size, compression size, number of tags as our metrics. Also, from the group interviews another 4 metrics are drawn namely number of lines of code and number of <div>, anchor <a> and paragraph <p> tags as each individual metric. The linear regression model which analyses time vs metric data, shows significant results, but with multicollinearity effecting the result, there was no variance among the considered metrics. So, the results of our study are proposed by adjusting the multicollinearity. Besides, the above analysis, linear discriminant model which analyses accuracy vs metric data was conducted to predict the metrics that influences accuracy. The results of our study show that metrics positively correlate with time and accuracy. Conclusions. From the time vs metric data, when multicollinearity is adjusted by applying step-wise regression reduction technique, the program size, compression size and <div> tag are influencing the time taken by sample population. From accuracy vs metrics data number of <div> tags and number of lines of code are influencing the accuracy of the sample population.

This research investigates political risk in the context of service offshoring and the corresponding impact on risk management decisions. The first stage of the study uses the Repertory Grid Technique (RGT), to explore key post-contract political risks experiences within offshore outsourcing activities. Twelve key political risks affecting offshore outsourcing decisions are identified, and the moderating effect of offshoring activity types (BPO, ITO or KPO) on political risk exposure and impact perceptions is highlighted. The research also explores the conditioning effect of industry specific exposure to political risk and enhances the explanatory ability of the Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) constructs, offering a re-operationalization of the political risk component of external uncertainty. The second stage of the research introduces a series of hypotheses between offshoring flows and political risk profiles, and applies multiple regression to analyse political risk affecting offshore activities in low cost countries across contract-based offshoring engagements and FDI. The findings highlight that political risk is a genuine business concern for offshore contract-based outsourcing modalities, and identify concerns with Intellectual Property protection, Quality of Bureaucracy and Corruption as key considerations affecting location decisions in low-cost countries. The research further suggests a positive relationship between strong country level institutional and regulatory systems and high knowledge content in offshoring engagements. From a practical perspective, the research highlights the need for managerial tools to determine diversified firm and industry specific political risk impact on global service outsourcing engagements. The key practical contribution is the development of differentiated political risk typologies that can capture the nuances of external risks in offshoring, allowing for more accurate risk assessment of offshoring decisions.

Denna studie undersöker huruvida studier på fristående gymnasieskola påverkar sannolikheten att påbörja vidareutbildning på högskola eller universitet. Detta studeras genom användande av paneldata över åren 2008-2021 för samtliga 290 kommuner i Sverige. För att analysera datan används metoden multipel regressionsanalys både med och utan fixa effekter för år och kommuner. De prediktorer som hålls konstanta i studien för att mäta effekten av andel elever i friskola på övergång till vidare studier är grundskolebetyg, unga i ekonomiskt utsatta hushåll, utländsk bakgrund och lågutbildade föräldrar. Resultatet visar inledningsvis, vid både enkel linjär regression och vid hänsyn till årsfixa effekter, en statistisk signifikant positiv effekt på övergång till högskola och universitet. Med det sagt försvinner både det positiva sambandet och den statistiska signifikansen när även kommunfixa effekter inkluderas. / This study examines whether the proportion of students in private upper secondary school affects the proportion of students at college or university. This is studied using panel data over the years 2008-2021 regarding all 290 municipalities in Sweden. The data is used for the multiple regression analysis method, both with and without fixed effects regarding years and municipalities. The predictors used in the study to measure the effect of the proportion of students in independent schools are primary school grades, youth in economically disadvantaged households, foreign backgrounds, and low-educated parents. The results show that the proportion of students in private upper secondary schools initially, using simple linear regression and yearly fixed effects, has a statistically significant positive effect on further studies. With that said, the positive effect fades away when the fixed effects for municipalities are added. In addition, the result is no longer statistically significant.

Depression är ett psykiatriskt tillstånd som påför individen lidande och kräver samhällsekonomiska resurser. Med grund i depressionens höga prevalens är en effektiv behandling eftersträvansvärt. Internetbaserad kognitiv beteendeterapi (iKBT) har visats vara effektiv vid depression. Vetskap om vilka behandlingsfaktorer som predicerar behandlingsutfallet möjliggör att optimera behandlingen. Syfte med föreliggande studie var att undersöka om emotionell attityd till behandlingen och förståelse för behandlingens innehåll predicerar behandlingsutfallet i iKBT för depression och vilken som har starkast prediktionsvärde. Totalt 91 patienters arkiverade internetbehandlingar kodades med studiens framtagna kodningsmanual. Resultaten från två multipla regressionsanalyser visar att emotionell attityd till behandlingen signifikant predicerar 20,6% av behandlingsutfallet och att förståelse för behandlingens innehåll predicerar 3,9% men inte signifikant. Emotionell attityd till behandlingen utgör den starkaste prediktorn för behandlingsutfallet men inte en signifikant starkare prediktor. I praktiken innebär resultaten att patientens emotionella attityd till behandlingen kan användas som ett varningstecken gällande behandlingsutfallet. Framtida forskning behövs för att säkerställa konstrukten och för att vidareutveckla kodningsmanualen. / Depression is a psychiatric condition that causes the individual suffering and requires socio-economic resources. Due to high prevalence of depression, effective treatment is desirable. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) has been shown to be effective for depression. Knowledge of which treatment factors that predict treatment outcome makes it possible to optimize the treatment. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether emotional attitude towards the treatment and understanding of the treatment content predicts the treatment outcome in ICBT for depression and which has the strongest predictive value. A total of 91 patients’ archived internet-based treatments were coded with the developed coding manual in the present study. The results from two multiple regression analyzes show that emotional attitude towards the treatment significantly predicts 20,6% of the treatment outcome and that understanding of the treatment content predicts 3,9% but not significantly. Emotional attitude towards the treatment constitutes the strongest predictor of the treatment outcome, but not a significantly stronger predictor. In practice the results imply that the patient's emotional attitude towards the treatment can be used as a warning sign regarding the treatment outcome. Future research is needed to ensure the constructs and to further develop the coding manual.

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Visual integration of the building interior and exterior is one of the charms of today's architecture. The Double-Skin facade system is a technology that can reduce the drawbacks of using glass in a building's elevation. In fact, the double-skin façade (DSF) offers transparency while reducing energy consumption when compared to single-skin systems in cold and moderate weather conditions. However, there is no clear evidence of how the system will perform in hot climate conditions. In this research, a testing procedure was established to experimentally evaluate the performance of the double-skin façade system, data was collected to create multiple regression models, and then evaluate the double-skin façade's performance and compare it to a single-skin system in hot arid climate conditions. / Doctor of Philosophy / Improving the quality of indoor environments is a main goal in today’s architecture. Towards this goal, the use of glass and curtain walls is common in office buildings. The building façade is a key factor for the amount of energy consumed to reach comfort levels in the building. That is, because facades influence lighting, glare, heat gain, noise safety and energy usage. Therefore, the use of glass improves transparency which can interfere with comfort levels inside the building due to solar heat gain. The Double Skin façade system is widely adopted in Europe and has been shown to reduce energy used for heating in cold weather. In winter, heat losses can be reduced as the system’s intermediate cavity acts as a thermal buffer. However, there is no clear understanding of how the system will perform in hot arid climate conditions where cooling is the dominant operating mode. A Double Skin Façade can provide shading during the overheating period, while having the desired glass elevations sought by designers. This is due to ventilation and solar control devices located inside the system’s cavity. Being placed between the interior and the exterior glass panels, solar control devices are protected from the weather, which in return decreases its size. Furthermore, the additional glass panel allows windows in the system’s inner layer to be opened for natural ventilation. Unfortunately, the performance of the Double Skin Façade system for hot arid climate is not well documented. Therefore, the primary goal of this research is to compare the thermal and light performance of the Double Skin Façade system to a single façade system for hot weather conditions.

企業之生存、成長及績效，環境之影響至巨，若企業本身處於一個發展潛力甚高的產 業，則環境之優渥保證了企業的未來遠景，當然管理能力亦為一重要決定因素。 本研究的目的即是在探討企業環境對於企業本身之生存、成長及績效之影響關係。以 美國Edward H.Mason與J.S.Bain等人所發展的產業組織學（Industrial Organizatio n ）為架構，以多元迴歸分析（Multiple Regression Analgsis）為方法，研究我國 目前大型企業之環境與其績效間之關係，布冀從其中獲致企業良好投資環境之指引。 樣本包含了自民國６７年至７０年連續四年進入中華徵信所出版「全國最大民營企業 」排行之三百二十餘家民營製造業者，選出與績效與產業特色有關變數指標共十四個 ，如利潤率、成刁率、市場集中度、市場佔有率等。資源來源為：（一）中華徵信所 「全國最大民營企業」６８─７１年版。（二）經濟部統計處「中華民國工商業調查 報告」１１─１４輯。（三）財政部統計處「中華民國進出貿易統計月報」民國７２ 年三月版。