The mining engineering world is continuously experiencing new challenges whether it is economically, technologically or socially, there will always be something new in sight. Training and Development fulfils the role of the “breeder” of competence workforce and therefore it is essential to assure constant growth and progress within the skills and development environment. Personal attribute and dedication are the drivers of our success and achievements in our careers. The capacity of our trade and occupation does not set the limits and pace of our intensification to strive for the bigger and better in future. The career background and training and development opportunities are essential aspects to be renowned with before engaging with the learning intervention. Assure you start your career in the artisan trade that you desire to be a successful example in and discover the engineering world where the spectrum is never-ending. Development opportunities exist for all, irrespective of the trade and occupation. This study illustrates that even the smaller trade‟s artisans as focused on in this study, namely the Rigger Ropesman, can achieve higher laurels if the energy and efforts are exploited in the applicable avenues. The starting blocks, must be the blocks that fit yourself as individual learner, if not, even the first steps in the career will be started in stumbling mode. This qualitative research design study discovered numerous persons who started a career without knowing what it entails. The Rigger Ropesman artisans, Engineering Foremen and Learners who were interviewed as the target group contributed to achieving the aim of the study. The aim of the study was the possible training and development opportunities for the Rigger Ropesman in the Mining and Minerals Sector. Future studies can be conducted on career guidance and training and development opportunities in other engineering trades as this study only focused on the Rigger Ropesman trade in the Mining and Minerals Sector. / MEd (Training and Development), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The main aim of the study is to compare the extent to which the need for autonomy, relatedness and competence of baby boomers, generation X, Y and Z employees of Denel Dynamics is being satisfied and how this influences motivational strategies. The issue of generation is becoming more important due to different ways and methods required to manage different generations. A quantitative study was done by means of a structured questionnaire which was used in to determine the motivational preferences of the participants. This questionnaire was developed by Van den Broeck, Vansteenkiste, De Witte, Soenens and Lens (2010) and is based on the self-determination theory developed by Deci and Ryan. Results indicate that baby boomers have a stronger need for autonomy as compared to the other generations. Similar needs for relatedness were shown by all the generations. In view of the findings, recommendations are made to management to optimize motivational strategies and these recommendations show how each generational needs relating to self-determination theory should be addressed. / MBA (Business Administration), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Sexual abuse of children is a complex problem that holds far-reaching consequences for the child and his / her family. It is a criminal act of power and control that has an impact on all people regardless of age, race, culture and economic status (Statistics, 2014). The handling of sexual abuse is a service field of social work in which social workers are designated by law to investigate cases of sexual abuse of children and the allegations thereof, according to the Children's Act No 32 of 2005 (SA, 2005). During investigations into child sexual abuse social workers experience intense, powerful feelings that have an emotional impact on the social worker and his / her role functioning (Cussons, 2011:2). It is important for social workers to possess the necessary knowledge, skills and resources to facilitate service delivery (Van Wyk, 2011:65). The objective of this research was to determine the psychosocial needs of social workers during investigations into child sexual abuse in order to establish the nature of social workers' needs, conscious experiences and observable behaviour. The researcher used the qualitative approach. The interpretive descriptive research design as a research strategy was used to determine the psychosocial needs of social workers during investigations into child sexual abuse. Eleven participants took part in the study and data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews with each participant individually. The qualitative data were transcribed into themes and sub-themes to be analysed by a coding system according to the proposed framework of Tesch (in Creswell, 2009:186). Eight themes were identified: (1) role requirements, (2) role expectations, (3) emotional needs, (4) physical needs, (5) social needs, (6) cultural needs, (7) spiritual needs and (8) development and growth. These themes were divided into sub-themes and categories, and appropriate narratives as discussed in the interviews. The information was checked with literature and some conclusions and recommendations were made. Investigations into child sexual abuse are high-intensity cases which require immediate action from social workers. It was found that social workers experienced a strong demand for debriefing and support during their involvement with these investigations. It seems that social workers dealing with these cases experience unique psychosocial needs. If these needs are not addressed, it can lead to negative role functioning, occupational stress and even burnout of these social workers. The following recommendations can be made, namely that: * support working groups be presented for debriefing opportunities; * organizations establish working groups that focus on stress; * child sexual abuse be seen as a speciality field; * social workers be trained as case managers of the investigation into child sexual abuse; * professional role-players involved be trained through workshops in respect of their own and others' obligations; * resources be recruited and obtained. / MSW, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The aim of the study is, based on the staff’s perspective, to describe and analyse the existential needs of elderly in end-of-life living in nursing homes. The aim was also to examine how the staff perceive working with elderly in end-of-life care. Three qualitative focus groups were conducted by interviewing nursing home staff. The analysis is based on Weisman’s the appropriate death, Tornstam’s gerotranscendence and Hasenfeld’s human service organizations. The main findings were that the term ‘existential needs’ is described as wide and hard to define. Uneasiness and anxiety were common in the end-of-life and it was hard for the staff to meet the existential needs. The staff also described that the “little things” matter, such as holding one’s hand, as well as being present with the elderly. The relationship between the elderly and the staff was vital in order for the elderly to have as good an end-of-life and death experience as possible. The staff felt sorrow when the elderly had passed away and had little time to grieve. In difference to earlier research the staff did not request further education nor tutoring, however they wanted more time to grieve and process the deaths of the elderly.

BAKGRUND: Det råder oklarhet i vilken utsträckning patienter drabbade av cancer får information om cancerbehandlingens potentiella inverkan på fertiliteten och fertilitetsbevarande åtgärder. SYFTE: Att beskriva erfarenheter av information avseende fertilitet och fertilitetsbevarande åtgärder inför cancerbehandling hos patienter drabbade av cancer i fertil ålder. METOD: Litteraturöversikt av kvalitativ och kvantitativ forskning. RESULTAT: Sju teman identifierades: (1) Information till kvinnor om behandlingens potentiella inverkan på fertiliteten. (2) Rådgivning om fertilitetsbevarande åtgärder. (3) Brist på empowerment som en konsekvens av otillräcklig information. (4) Varför fick jag ingen information och varför erbjöds inte fertilitetsbevarande åtgärder? (5) Informationen varierar kopplat till kön, ålder och sexuell läggning. (6) Förlust av fertilitet kan ge nedsatt livskvalitet och påverka kvinnans syn på sin identitet. (7) Patienterna vill ha mer information och stöd. SLUTSATS: Patienter drabbade av cancer i fertil ålder får inte tillräckligt med information om cancerbehandlingens potentiella risker för fertiliteten. Kvinnor får mindre information än män och löper större risk att äventyra sin fertilitet. Vårdpersonalen behöver vara lyhörda för patientens behov och bör delge patienten adekvat information för att möjliggöra empowerment och öka livskvalité hos dessa patienter. / BACKGROUND: There is uncertainty as to what extent patients with cancer receive information about cancer treatment's potential effects on fertility and fertility preservation. PURPOSE: To describe the experience about information regarding fertility and fertility preservation prior to cancer treatment in patients with cancer of reproductive age. METHODS: Literature review of qualitative and quantitative research. RESULTS: Seven themes were identified: (1) Information to women about the treatment's potential effects on fertility. (2) Counseling in infertility preservation. (3) Lack of empowerment as a consequence of insufficient information. (4) Why didn’t I receive any information and whywasn’t I offered fertility preservation? (5) Information varies related to sex, age and sexual orientation. (6) Loss of fertility may impair quality of life and affect a woman's view of her identity. (7) Patients want more information and support. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with cancer in reproductive age, may not be enough informed about the cancer treatment´s potential risks on fertility. Women receive less information than men and are more likely to jeopardize their fertility. Health professionals need to be sensitive to the patient's needs and should inform the patient with adequate information to enable empowerment and to increasing the quality of life in these patients.

The mining engineering world is continuously experiencing new challenges whether it is economically, technologically or socially, there will always be something new in sight. Training and Development fulfils the role of the “breeder” of competence workforce and therefore it is essential to assure constant growth and progress within the skills and development environment. Personal attribute and dedication are the drivers of our success and achievements in our careers. The capacity of our trade and occupation does not set the limits and pace of our intensification to strive for the bigger and better in future. The career background and training and development opportunities are essential aspects to be renowned with before engaging with the learning intervention. Assure you start your career in the artisan trade that you desire to be a successful example in and discover the engineering world where the spectrum is never-ending. Development opportunities exist for all, irrespective of the trade and occupation. This study illustrates that even the smaller trade‟s artisans as focused on in this study, namely the Rigger Ropesman, can achieve higher laurels if the energy and efforts are exploited in the applicable avenues. The starting blocks, must be the blocks that fit yourself as individual learner, if not, even the first steps in the career will be started in stumbling mode. This qualitative research design study discovered numerous persons who started a career without knowing what it entails. The Rigger Ropesman artisans, Engineering Foremen and Learners who were interviewed as the target group contributed to achieving the aim of the study. The aim of the study was the possible training and development opportunities for the Rigger Ropesman in the Mining and Minerals Sector. Future studies can be conducted on career guidance and training and development opportunities in other engineering trades as this study only focused on the Rigger Ropesman trade in the Mining and Minerals Sector. / MEd (Training and Development), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Considering an individual’s day-to-day variability of activity-travel patterns will provide a more complete description of how an individual behaves to adapt the changing constraints and resources on different days. Without this day-to-day variability understanding, the individual’s behaviour would not be fully grasped and any suggested policy, planning and development would not completely achieve their desired objectives. The day-to-day behaviour is a subject to an interaction between individual’s needs and time-space constraints. The availability of ‘external’ resources (e.g., disposable income, built environment accessibility, and access to different travel mode/s) gives more opportunities for some individuals to participate in certain activities and/or trips than others. The constraints do not only consider budget and time constraints, but also include how an individual associates with other individuals and materials, and complies with any given authorities’ rules and regulations. The needs-constraints interaction also unveils some endogeneities which may not be captured by microeconomic and attitude theories. Failing to understand these interactions will underestimate the individual’s complex decision making process for performing certain behaviour. The constraints are not solely about physical constraints and instrumental factors, such as travel mode availability, time and cost. It is also influenced by individual’s non-instrumental variables, such as motivation, volition and habits. Currently there is a lack of knowledge how these non-instrumental variables are interacting and influencing the constraints to shape the individual’s travel behaviour. The implementation of certain activity-travel policy which only focuses in giving more opportunities to an individual within time and space resources without considering an individual’s attitude and/or habit may not be well accepted and followed by member of public. Moreover, the integration also reveals how an individual puts different priority on different potential activities based on the how an individual allocates/does not allocate time in engaging certain activities when having strong commitment and intention. In addition, including an individual’s health condition in the analysis may help in coordinating certain public health related policy with activity-travel policy. This thesis includes six papers which investigated the factors described above. The first three papers investigated how activity participation and built environment variables which can represent individuals’ constraints explain the day-to-day variability of individuals’ behaviours. Furthermore, the fourth and fifth paper explored the interaction between individuals’ time-use and activity participation, subjective characteristics and health factors. Lastly, the sixth paper examined how the time-space constraints and health condition explain the degree of variability in individuals’ multi-facet and multi-dimensional activity-travel patterns using sequential alignment method. / Genom att ta hänsyn till den dagliga variationen i en individs aktivitets- och resemönster erhålls en mer komplett bild av hur denna beter sig för att anpassa sig till ändrade begränsningar och resurser under olika dagar. Utan förståelse för denna dagliga variation kan inte individens beteende helt förstås och de föreslagna policyåtgärderna, planering eller utveckling skulle inte helt uppnå sina önskade mål. Det dagliga beteendet är föremål för en interaktion mellan å ena sidan individens behov och å andra sidan begränsningar i tid och rum. Tillgång till ”externa” resurser (exempelvis disponibel inkomst eller tillgång till olika färdmedel) påverkar möjligheterna för individer att delta i aktiviteter och/eller resor. Begränsningarna gäller inte bara monetär budget eller tid, utan inkluderar även exempelvis fysisk miljö, regler och förordningar samt hur en individ kan associera med andra individer. Växelverkan mellan behov och begränsningar belyser och klargör även endogenitet som inte självklart kan fångas av mikroekonomiska och attitydteorier. Att inte ta hänsyn till dessa interaktioner kan vara att underskatta individens komplexa beslutfattandeprocess. Tid- och rumsbegränsningarna handlar uteslutande om fysiska begränsningar och instrumentella faktorer, såsom färdmedelstillgänglighet, färdtid och färdkostnad. Individens beteende påverkas även av enskilda icke-instrumentella variabler, såsom motivation, vilja och vanor. Vi har idag bristande kunskap om hur dessa icke-instrumentella variabler interagerar med och påverkar begränsningar för att forma individens resebeteende. Genomförandet av viss aktivitets- och resepolicyåtgärder som bara fokuserar på att ge fler möjligheter till en individ inom tid- och rumsresurser, utan att också ta hänsyn individens attityder och/eller vana, kan försvåra allmänhetens acceptans.  Vidare, genom att inkludera en persons hälsotillstånd i analysen kan vi få ökade insikter hur vi kan samordna hälsorelaterade policyåtgärder med aktivitets- och resepolicyåtgärder. Denna avhandling innehåller sex artiklar som undersöker de faktorer som beskrivs ovan. De tre första artiklarna undersöker dels hur begränsningarna enligt ovan förklarar den dagliga variationen av en individs aktivitetsmönster och aktivitetsrum, dels samspelet mellan en aktivitets varaktighet, den erforderliga restiden och aktivitetsrummet. De fjärde och femte artiklarna undersöker samspelet mellan individens tid- och rumsbegränsningar, subjektiva egenskaper och hälsobegränsningar. Slutligen, i den sjätte artikeln undersöks med hjälp av en metod för sekventiell gruppering (sequential alignment) hur tidsbegränsning, rumsbegränsning och hälsotillståndet förklarar variationen i individers mångfacetterade och flerdimensionella aktivitets- och resemönster. / <p>QC 20151210</p>

Denna uppsats tar upp ämnet inkludering av elever i skolan. Det ämnet är i dag en högst aktuellt fråga. För att förstå vad inkludering innebär tar jag del av hur inkluderingen har sett ut historiskt och hur det har förändrats under tid. Arbetssättet i skolorna för elever med särskilda behov är att de mer och mer ska inkluderas i klasserna. I essän reflekterar jag över hur jag arbetar med inkludering och jag tar hjälpa av olika etiska teorier. Skollagen föreskriver att elever ska få sitt stöd inom den elevgrupp de tillhör. Syftet och målet att alla elever ska inkluderas är bra, men många gånger leder det till en viss exkludering av eleven istället. Elever klarar inte alltid av kraven som blir i ett stort sammanhang, som en klassrums situation innebär och det kan påverka elevens kunskapsutveckling. Som min arbetssituation ser ut idag dras jag mellan den enskilde eleven och resten av gruppen, så hur kan jag hantera dessa situationer som pedagog? / This essay focuses on the subject of including all pupils in the classroom. It is a relevant topic in today’s school politics. To be able to understand the concept of including all pupils in the classroom, I have studied the topic from a historical perspective, as well as how it has changed over time. Pupils with special needs are today supposed to be a part of a class in almost every school. In my essay I reflect over my own experience and different ethnical theories. Due to the school law every pupil is entitled to the necessary support in their class. The intention is good but sometimes it leads to exclusion of the student instead. Some pupils find it hard to cope with the classroom situation and that can affect their learning journey in a negative way. In my own profession I am torn between the pupil with special needs and the class; how can I handle these situations in the best possible way?

Near Field Communication (NFC) approach may be seen as a perspective way to improve user experience of quick data access with mobile devices to various services (secure payments, information exchange between users, etc.) in a city. This thesis concerns the topic of challenges which may be faced by interaction designers using this approach for creating a context-aware mobile solution for personalized data access in service-intensive urban environments. This research is based on considerations from researches, which explored which mobile information needs in particular seemed to be relevant for a modern user. Moreover, affordances and design blends concept are discussed in this work through a prism of the human-computer interaction in a city. ‘Research through design’ concept allowed performing the investigation of the given problem, starting from a user research, followed by prototyping an alternative solution and after - user evaluation of the prototype. Finally, a critical overview of the performed research gives suggestions for further improvement of the project.

During the past few years, mainstream education has become more and more inclusive all over the world. This fact calls for effective teaching methods, supporting the participation and learning of all the students in a class. Such methods are the ones that occupy peer-mediated learning and methods related to them. This study aims to investigate strategies of interventions involving peer-mediated learning between children in need of special educational support and typically developing children 3-12 years of age and their effects on them. In order to achieve that, a systematic literature review was conducted, for which five databases were researched. Eight articles came up, each describing a different strategy occupying peer-mediated learning or a strategy related to it, which had multiple benefits for the participating children on engagement, social and cognitive level. Further research is needed, though, to address the gaps in literature.