O objetivo desta pesquisa de Mestrado é dissertar sobre o olhar judaico que, por suposição, permeia as obras de três fotógrafos contemporâneos e avaliar se há tendências que apontem para a judeidade das fotografias. Os artistas estudados são o israelense Adi Nes e as brasileiras de origem húngara Cláudia Andujar e Madalena Schwartz, que, respectivamente, produziram as séries Histórias Bíblicas (2003-2006), Marcados (1981-1983) e Crisálidas (1973-1976) publicadas em 2007, 2009 e 2012. Adi Nes (1966-), ao encenar em estúdio situações contemporâneas de miséria em Tel Aviv com atores representando personagens bíblicos (Noé, Abraão, Isaque, Jacó, Elias, José, Rute, Caim, Abel e Davi), reatualizou as histórias da Bíblia Hebraica, como faz o Midrash (livro ou trecho de comentários rabínicos), e, talmudicamente, conectou significantes aparentemente díspares que sugerem muitos significados. Cláudia Andujar (1931-) relacionou a situação indígena à história judaica, ao retratar os índios Yanomami com uma placa numerada no pescoço (para identificar qual fora vacinado), o que remete aos números tatuados na pele dos prisioneiros que ingressavam nos campos de extermínio durante a Shoá, o que, em contrapartida, reforça a ameaça à sobrevivência dos índios quando os brancos invadem as suas terras. Madalena Schwartz (1921-1993) fotografou travestis e transformistas do teatro underground realizado pelo Dzi Croquettes, grupo que, ao transitar entre os gêneros masculino e feminino, cultivavam identidades híbridas, fragmentadas e vivenciavam uma condição de exílio compartilhada pela artista, devido aos seus deslocamentos transculturais, ao fazer o percurso migratório Budapeste-Buenos Aires-São Paulo. / The aim of this research is to discourse about the Jewish eye that, by assumption, permeates the work of three contemporary photographers and evaluate if there are tendencies that point to the Jewishness of photographies. The studied artists are the Israeli Adi Nes and the Brazilians of Hungarian origin Cláudia Andujar e Madalena Schwartz, that, respectively, produced the series Biblical Stories (2003-2006), Marcados [Marked] (1981-1983) and Crisálidas [Chrysalides] (1973-1976) published in 2007, 2009 and 2012. Adi Nes (1966-), by staging in studio contemporary situations of misery in Tel Aviv with actors representing biblical characters (Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Elijah, Joseph, Ruth, Cain, Abel and David), re-updated the stories of Hebrew Bible, as does Midrash (book or excerpt of rabbinic commentaries) and, talmudically, connected signifiers apparently different that suggest a lot of meanings. Cláudia Andujar (1931-) correlated the indigenous situation to Jewish history, by depicting the Indians Yanomami with a numbered plaque in neck (to identify who was vaccinated), what links to the numbers tattooed in the skin of prisoners that enter in death camps during Shoah, what, in return, reinforces the threat to survival of Indians when white people invade their lands. Madalena Schwartz (1921-1993) photographed travestites and crossdressers of underground theatre done by Dzi Croquettes, group that, by transiting between masculine and feminine genders, cultivated hibrid, fragmented identities and experienced an exilic condition shared by the artist, due to her transcultural moves, by doing the migratory route Budapest-Buenos Aires-São Paulo.

I Am Error is a platform study of the Nintendo Family Computer (or Famicom), a videogame console first released in Japan in July 1983 and later exported to the rest of the world as the Nintendo Entertainment System (or NES). The book investigates the underlying computational architecture of the console and its effects on the creative works (e.g. videogames) produced for the platform. I Am Error advances the concept of platform as a shifting configuration of hardware and software that extends even beyond its ‘native’ material construction. The book provides a deep technical understanding of how the platform was programmed and engineered, from code to silicon, including the design decisions that shaped both the expressive capabilities of the machine and the perception of videogames in general. The book also considers the platform beyond the console proper, including cartridges, controllers, peripherals, packaging, marketing, licensing, and play environments. Likewise, it analyzes the NES’s extension and afterlife in emulation and hacking, birthing new genres of creative expression such as ROM hacks and tool-assisted speed runs. I Am Error considers videogames and their platforms to be important objects of cultural expression, alongside cinema, dance, painting, theater and other media. It joins the discussion taking place in similar burgeoning disciplines—code studies, game studies, computational theory—that engage digital media with critical rigor and descriptive depth. But platform studies is not simply a technical discussion—it also keeps a keen eye on the cultural, social, and economic forces that influence videogames. No platform exists in a vacuum: circuits, code, and console alike are shaped by the currents of history, politics, economics, and culture—just as those currents are shaped in kind.

Résumé confidentiel / Confidential abstract

<p>Adenovirus infected cells provide a good model system for studying nuclear organization during RNA production and transport. This thesis is focused on the dynamic organization of splicing factors during the late phase of Adenovirus infection in HeLa cells, the nuclear localization of viral RNA, and the pathway used for viral RNA transport to the cytoplasm.</p><p>Splicing factors are relocalized from interchromatin granule clusters to sites of transcription in Adenovirus infected cells at intermediate times of infection. Later, splicing factors and viral RNA accumulate posttranscriptionally in interchromatin granule clusters. The release of the splicing factors from transcription sites was energy dependent or preceded by energy requiring mechanisms. Our data indicated that phosphorylation events inhibited by staurosporine, and 3' cleavage of the transcript are two possible mechanisms involved prior to the release of the RNP complex from transcription sites.</p><p>A viral protein derived from orf6 of early region 4, 34K, is important for the nuclear stability and transport of late viral mRNA derived from the major late transcription unit. A viral mutant lacking this region is defective for posttranscriptional accumulation of viral mRNA in interchromatin granule clusters, and for the accumulation of viral RNA in the cytoplasm. These results suggest that posttranscriptional accumulation of viral RNA in interchromatin granule clusters may contribute to the maturation of the RNP complex or sorting of RNAs and proteins, to prepare the final RNP complex for transport to the cytoplasm.</p><p>A previous model suggested that adenoviral late mRNA is transported to the cytoplasm by utilizing the CRM-1 pathway. This pathway can be blocked by the drug leptomycin B. The data presented in paper IV suggests that this model might not be applicable, since leptomycin B did not inhibit adenoviral late gene expression.</p>

Adenovirus infected cells provide a good model system for studying nuclear organization during RNA production and transport. This thesis is focused on the dynamic organization of splicing factors during the late phase of Adenovirus infection in HeLa cells, the nuclear localization of viral RNA, and the pathway used for viral RNA transport to the cytoplasm. Splicing factors are relocalized from interchromatin granule clusters to sites of transcription in Adenovirus infected cells at intermediate times of infection. Later, splicing factors and viral RNA accumulate posttranscriptionally in interchromatin granule clusters. The release of the splicing factors from transcription sites was energy dependent or preceded by energy requiring mechanisms. Our data indicated that phosphorylation events inhibited by staurosporine, and 3' cleavage of the transcript are two possible mechanisms involved prior to the release of the RNP complex from transcription sites. A viral protein derived from orf6 of early region 4, 34K, is important for the nuclear stability and transport of late viral mRNA derived from the major late transcription unit. A viral mutant lacking this region is defective for posttranscriptional accumulation of viral mRNA in interchromatin granule clusters, and for the accumulation of viral RNA in the cytoplasm. These results suggest that posttranscriptional accumulation of viral RNA in interchromatin granule clusters may contribute to the maturation of the RNP complex or sorting of RNAs and proteins, to prepare the final RNP complex for transport to the cytoplasm. A previous model suggested that adenoviral late mRNA is transported to the cytoplasm by utilizing the CRM-1 pathway. This pathway can be blocked by the drug leptomycin B. The data presented in paper IV suggests that this model might not be applicable, since leptomycin B did not inhibit adenoviral late gene expression.

Vårt examensarbete handlar om hur man går till väga för att arrangera och göra en liveshow med tv-spelsmusik i hårdrocksstil. Med detta menas att vi arrangerade om och bearbetade tv- spelsmusiken för att passa sättningen i bandet som var keyboard, elgitarr, elbas och trummor. Konserten marknadsfördes och ett koncept har skapats kring bandet. Forskning kring rättigheter till tv-spelsmusik har gjorts för att få klarhet inom ämnet. Vårt mål under projektet har varit att utveckla oss själva inom arrangering, utveckla en liveshow och kunna ta ett steg på vägen för kunna lösa rättighetsfrågan angående tv-spelsmusik. Konserten genomfördes med ett mycket bra resultat där publiken verkade vara nöjda.Vårt examensarbete handlar om hur man går till väga för att arrangera och göra en liveshow med tv-spelsmusik i hårdrocksstil. Med detta menas att vi arrangerade om och bearbetade tv- spelsmusiken för att passa sättningen i bandet som var keyboard, elgitarr, elbas och trummor. Konserten marknadsfördes och ett koncept har skapats kring bandet. Forskning kring rättigheter till tv-spelsmusik har gjorts för att få klarhet inom ämnet. Vårt mål under projektet har varit att utveckla oss själva inom arrangering, utveckla en liveshow och kunna ta ett steg på vägen för kunna lösa rättighetsfrågan angående tv-spelsmusik. Konserten genomfördes med ett mycket bra resultat där publiken verkade vara nöjda.

<p>Vårt examensarbete handlar om hur man går till väga för att arrangera och göra en liveshow med tv-spelsmusik i hårdrocksstil. Med detta menas att vi arrangerade om och bearbetade tv- spelsmusiken för att passa sättningen i bandet som var keyboard, elgitarr, elbas och trummor. Konserten marknadsfördes och ett koncept har skapats kring bandet. Forskning kring rättigheter till tv-spelsmusik har gjorts för att få klarhet inom ämnet. Vårt mål under projektet har varit att utveckla oss själva inom arrangering, utveckla en liveshow och kunna ta ett steg på vägen för kunna lösa rättighetsfrågan angående tv-spelsmusik. Konserten genomfördes med ett mycket bra resultat där publiken verkade vara nöjda.Vårt examensarbete handlar om hur man går till väga för att arrangera och göra en liveshow med tv-spelsmusik i hårdrocksstil. Med detta menas att vi arrangerade om och bearbetade tv- spelsmusiken för att passa sättningen i bandet som var keyboard, elgitarr, elbas och trummor. Konserten marknadsfördes och ett koncept har skapats kring bandet. Forskning kring rättigheter till tv-spelsmusik har gjorts för att få klarhet inom ämnet. Vårt mål under projektet har varit att utveckla oss själva inom arrangering, utveckla en liveshow och kunna ta ett steg på vägen för kunna lösa rättighetsfrågan angående tv-spelsmusik. Konserten genomfördes med ett mycket bra resultat där publiken verkade vara nöjda.</p>

Detta examensarbete skapades med målet att utforska musik från Nintendo Entertainment System–spel (NES) med ett musikteoretiskt och musikterminologiskt perspektiv. Det analyserade stycket är Title Theme från The Legend of Zelda (1988). Bakgrundskapitlet tar upp de verktyg kompositörerna hade att arbeta med som NES:s ljudkort och loopar. Plankning och transkription diskuteras och tidigare forskning i området tv-spel synliggörs. Syftet är att skapa en visuell analys som kan användas för att arrangera om originalmusiken från spelen. Genom plankning och analys har jag producerat ett nytt arrangemang. Resultatet presenteras som noter på min plankning, analys och arrangemang med förklaringar över originalets uppbyggnad. Arbetet har gett insikt i hur min skolning i musik kan vara hämmande för att arrangera som programmerarna gjorde förr, men också vilka verktyg de hade att arbeta med. Med arbetet har jag insett hur hjälpsam en tydlig analys av ett verk kan vara för arrangering.

Submitted by Luciane Willcox (luwillcox@gmail.com) on 2016-09-01T15:43:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Alexandre Haruo Inoue.pdf: 17247513 bytes, checksum: f4009bd7092467ab9fc57f854d3cabcd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciane Willcox (luwillcox@gmail.com) on 2016-09-01T15:59:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Alexandre Haruo Inoue.pdf: 17247513 bytes, checksum: f4009bd7092467ab9fc57f854d3cabcd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-01T15:59:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Alexandre Haruo Inoue.pdf: 17247513 bytes, checksum: f4009bd7092467ab9fc57f854d3cabcd (MD5) / Durante seu processo de evolução, os tripanossomatídeos desenvolveram características distintas de outros eucariotos em relação à sua biologia. Desde a transcrição do DNA no núcleo até tradução do RNA mensageiro no citoplasma, estão envolvidos fatores às vezes únicos, que atuam principalmente na regulação gênica pós-transcricional. Entretanto, o transporte de mRNA do núcleo para o citoplasma é pouco compreendido nesses parasitas. Análises de genômica comparativa revelaram que somente algumas proteínas envolvidas na exportação estão conservadas em espécies divergentes, como tripanossomatídeos, indicando que essa via pode apresentar fatores diferentes, ainda não identificados, ou ela não é tão especializada e complexa como a via descrita em mamíferos e leveduras. Por isso, a função de componentes da via de exportação de mRNA, buscando entender como esse processo funciona em parasitas merece ser melhor investigada. Este trabalho tem como foco o estudo de uma proteína de 45 kDa de T. cruzi, denominada de Hel45, que apresentou alta similaridade com RNA helicases de transporte, envolvidas com a exportação de mRNA em mamíferos e leveduras. Uma análise de filogenia determinou que Hel45 é a ortóloga da eIF4AIII, uma RNA helicase componente de Exon junction complex (EJC) em células de mamíferos. No entanto, até o momento, não existem publicações descrevendo homólogos de eIF4AIII em tripanossomatídeos. Dados experimentais demonstraram que Hel45 é uma proteína que migra entre o núcleo e o citoplasma devido a um sinal de exportação nuclear (NES) funcional. Esta migração depende da transcrição ativa e do receptor de exportação de mRNA Mex67. As análises fenotípicas de uma linhagem de T. cruzi nocaute de Hel45 mostraram que a ausência da proteína não foi letal ao parasita, mas resultou no atraso do crescimento e diminuiu a taxa de metaciclogênese in vitro. Apesar de não causar o acúmulo de mRNA no núcleo, o nocaute afetou a tradução, pois diminuiu a formação de polissomos e a taxa de tradução. No entanto, este efeito não altera a expressão de proteínas de modo geral, visto que ensaios de proteômica revelaram que o nocaute interfere com a expressão de apenas algumas poucas proteínas, indicando que Hel45 pode estar relacionada à modulação da expressão de genes específicos ou existe uma via/proteína compensatória na ausência de Hel45. Foram obtidas evidências de que Hel45 está presente em complexos ribonucleoproteicos que não estão associados aos polissomos e análises de proteômica identificaram as proteínas destes complexos que devem interagir com Hel45. Dados obtidos até o momento mostraram que Mago e Y14, proteínas de EJC que interagem com eIF4AIII, podem estar associadas com Hel45, assim como, Sub2 e FOP, que são proteínas essenciais para o recrutamento de Mex67 durante exportação de mRNA em outras células eucarióticas. Outra proteína que pode estar interagindo com Hel45 é uma exclusiva de tripanossomatídeos, que contém um domínio NTF2-like, típico de receptores de exportação. Assim, o conjunto de dados obtidos indica que Hel45 está envolvida com o metabolismo de mRNA em T. cruzi. Desta forma, tem sustentação a hipótese de que seu papel seria semelhante à eIF4AIII, agindo como um fator que se associa ao mRNA já durante a etapa transcrição/processamento e que é exportado para o citoplasma.

Bakgrund: Hormonella preventiva läkemedel för män är idag inte tillgängliga på marknaden, de enda tillgängliga preventivmedlen för manligt bruk är i dagsläget kondom och vasektomi som båda är icke-hormonella. Utbudet till kvinnor är desto fler, det första hormonella preventivmedlet till kvinnor godkändes redan på 1960-talet. Flera biverkningar har rapporterats sedan lansering. Vanligt förekommande är viktuppgång, illamående, minskad libido, akne och depression. På 1970-talet började studier utfärdas på manliga hormonella preventivmedel, trots det finns i dagsläget inget godkänt sådant på marknaden. Potentiella hormonella preventivmedel till män innehåller exogena androgener som monoterapi eller i kombination med progestiner. Målet för dessa preventivmedel är att hämma mannens spermatogenes. En normal spermiekoncentration består av ≥15 miljoner spermier/ml utlösning. För att uppnå ett preventivt skydd som är likvärdigt med kvinnliga preventivmedel bör spermiekoncentrationen vara ≤1 miljoner spermier/ml utlösning. Syfte: Syftet med det här litteraturarbetet var att undersöka effektiviteten och säkerheten av potentiella manliga hormonella preventivmedel. Metod: För att besvara frågeställningen genomfördes en litteraturstudie där sex stycken artiklar valdes ut och granskades. Samtliga artiklar hämtades från databasen PubMed. Av studierna som valdes var fem stycken randomiserade och dubbelblindade och en studie var enarmad. Samtliga sex studier undersökte effektivitet och säkerhet av hormonella preventivmedel avsedda för manligt bruk. Resultat: Samtliga studier visar att gonadotropinkoncentrationen hämmas vid användandet av hormonella preventivmedel. Biverkningar som angavs var milda i alla studier utom en. I en studie uppgavs åtta allvarliga biverkningar som ansågs ha en koppling till studiemedicinen. Slutsats: Samtliga manliga hormonella preventivmedel där exogena androgener används som monoterapi eller i kombination med progestiner hämmar follikelstimulerande hormon (FSH) och luteiniserande hormon (LH)effektivt och reversibelt. Vidare studier behöver göras som är längre än 28 dagar för att kontrollera hur de hormonella läkemedlen påverkar spermiekoncentrationen. Behandling i alla studier utom en gav inga allvarliga biverkningar, vilket indikerar att hormonella antikonceptionella läkemedel för män är säkert att använda. Biverkningar som förekommer för kvinnor var även vanliga för männen i studierna. Det föreligger dock flertalet allvarligare biverkningar vid kvinnligt användande. Längre studier med fler antal deltagare krävs för att undersöka biverkningar som manliga hormonella preventivmedel kan ge upphov till på längre sikt. / Background: Hormonal contraceptives for men are currently not available, the only available contraceptives for male use are currently condoms and vasectomy which are both non-hormonal. The supply for women is greater, the first hormonal contraceptive for women was approved as early as the 1960s. Several side effects have been reported since the launch. Common adverse events are weight gain, nausea, decreased libido, acne and depression. In the 1970s, studies began to be issued on male hormonal contraceptives, although there is currently no approved such product on the market. Potential hormonal contraceptives for men contain exogenous androgens as monotherapy or in combination with progestins. The goal of these contraceptives is to inhibit male spermatogenesis. A normal sperm concentration is ≥15 million spermatozoa / ml of ejaculation. To achieve contraceptive protection equivalent to that of female contraceptives, the sperm concentration should be ≤1 million spermatozoa / ml of ejaculation. Aim: The aim of this literature study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of potential male hormonal contraceptives. Method: To answer the study question, a literature study was conducted in which six articles were selected and reviewed. All articles were retrieved from the PubMed database. Of the studies selected, five were randomized and double-blind and one study was single-armed. All six studies examined the efficacy and safety of hormonal contraceptives intended for male use. Results: All studies included in this study show that gonadotropin levels are inhibited by the use of hormonal contraceptives. Adverse events reported were mild in all but one study which reported eight serious side effects that were thought to be related to themedication that was used in that specific study. Conclusion: All male hormonal contraceptives that uses exogenous androgens as monotherapy or in combination with progestins inhibit follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) effectively and reversibly. Further studies need to be done and these studies should preferably have a longer span than 28 days, to check how the hormonal drugs affect the sperm concentration. Treatment in all studies except one did not produce any serious side effects, indicating that hormonal contraceptives for men are safe to use. Side effects that occur in women were also common for men in these studies. However, there are several more serious side effects with female use. Longer studies with more participants are required to investigate side effects that male hormonal contraceptives may have on a long-time basis.