Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) have the potential to connect devices and areas of the world that are under-served by traditional networks. The idea is that an end-to-end connection may never be present. To make communication possible, intermediate nodes take custody of the data being transferred and forward it as the opportunity arises. Both links and nodes may be inherently unreliable and disconnections may be long-lived. A critical challenge for DTNs is determining routes through the network without ever having an end-to-end connection. <br /><br /> This thesis presents a practical routing protocol that uses only observed information about the network. Previous approaches either require complete future knowledge about the connection schedules, or use many copies of each message. Instead, our protocol uses a metric that estimates the average waiting time for each potential next hop. This learned topology information is distributed using a link-state routing protocol, where the link-state packets are flooded using epidemic routing. The routing is recomputed each time connections are established, allowing messages to take advantage of unpredictable contacts. Messages are exchanged if the topology suggests that a connected node is "closer" than the current node. <br /><br /> Simulation results are presented, showing that the protocol provides performance similar to that of schemes that have global knowledge of the network topology, yet without requiring that knowledge. Further, it requires a significantly less resources than the epidemic alternative, suggesting that this approach scales better with the number of messages in the network.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:03:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 113147.pdf: 3048622 bytes, checksum: f3fc0e06a62a533041c52942331e9dfb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis investigates the occupation of interstitial spaces in the creation of artists connected to The Magdalena Project - international network of women in theatre - understanding that the dilution of borders between languages, between cultures, between genders and geographies has contributed to the creation of genuine and authorial works, permeated by an intense relationship with otherness. The notion of interstitial space, or in-between space, is discussed from various authors, fostering an interdisciplinary dialogue. The concept of nomadic subject, proposed by Italian philosopher Rosi Braidotti, is used as a notion that helps think through the in-between from a feminine subjectivity perspective. Throughout the text, works by artists connected to the network are presented in order to discuss and highlight these issues. In the third chapter a more thorough analysis of the creative process of the actresses/directors Jill Greenhalgh and Julia Varley is proposed in order to observe the procedures adopted in their path and what they generate at the scene. Aspects related to the form of network organization are also analyzed, as horizontality, decentering and displacement of borders in order to verify the hypothesis that the network phenomenon, while organizational system, reverberates in their members creation and also the opposite: issues involved in artistic creation, such as the use of hybrid languages and multiple identities, reverberate in and modify the network structure, in a continuous flow of mutual contamination. / Esta tese investiga a ocupação de espaços intersticiais na criação de artistas ligadas ao Projeto Magdalena ¿ rede internacional de mulheres de teatro ¿ entendendo que a diluição de fronteiras entre linguagens, entre culturas, entre gêneros, entre geografias e línguas tem contribuído para a criação de trabalhos genuínos e de forte carga autoral, permeados por uma intensa relação com a alteridade. A noção de espaço intersticial, ou espaço do entre, é discutida a partir de vários autores, promovendo um diálogo interdisciplinar. O conceito de sujeito nômade, cunhado pela filósofa italiana Rosi Braidotti, é utilizado como uma noção que ajuda a pensar as questões lançadas pelo in-between a partir de uma perspectiva da subjetividade feminina. No decorrer de todo o texto, são apresentados trabalhos de artistas ligadas à rede visando discutir ou evidenciar estes aspectos. No terceiro capítulo é proposta uma análise mais minuciosa do processo criativo das atrizes/diretoras Jill Greenhalgh e Julia Varley com o intuito de observar os procedimentos adotados em seu percurso e o que eles geram na cena. Aspectos ligados à forma de organização em rede também são analisados, como a horizontalidade, o descentramento e o deslocamento de fronteiras, visando averiguar a hipótese de que o fenômeno rede, enquanto sistema organizacional, reverbera na forma de criar de suas integrantes e também o contrário: aspectos presentes na criação artística, como o uso de linguagens híbridas e identidades múltiplas, reverberam na e modificam a estrutura reticular, num fluxo contínuo de contaminação mútua.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:03:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 122483.pdf: 1963252 bytes, checksum: 6b821ae472770788d6e7c669341477db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The focus of this thesis is the role of the listening in the formation and vocal/scenic creation processes, and also the developments that a qualified listening can generate in both practical and theoretical vocal researches to the scene. This research departure from the following perspective: what happens when I begin to think the scenic voice beginning from the listening? What questions emerges from this change of perspective? Which kinds of listening appear in the study of the voices? The listening approached on this study evokes a comprehension of the sonic dimension of the voice, not only through the ear, but also involves aspects from the conceptual, aesthetical, expressive and poetical thought elaboration of the human voice s sonority on the scenic performance. Thus the listening as a practical and multi-dimension concept consolidates itself here through a strategy: as we say that is necessary diversify the points of view of a theme, the work departures from the idea of diversify the points of listening of the voice in performance. The structural organization it is done by seven independent texts, at the same time connected to each other, in which the point of convergence it is the centrality of the body in a theoretical discussion that proposes itself to think the vocality of the scenic artist in performance. The concepts of embodied listening, of diversity of the bodies of the voice, of the inverted body, of the body-voice metaphors, of the musical body or the nomadic voices permeate this writing, choosing to show the diversity of the voice and its possible paradoxes. / O foco desta tese é o papel da escuta nos processos de formação e de criação vocal e cênica e os desdobramentos que uma escuta qualificada pode gerar em pesquisas vocais teóricas e práticas para a cena. A pesquisa parte da seguinte perspectiva: o que acontece quando passo a pensar as vozes a partir da escuta? Quais questões emergem dessa mudança de perspectiva? Quais os tipos de escuta que aparecem no estudo das vozes? A escuta abordada neste estudo evoca uma compreensão da dimensão sonora da voz não só através do órgão do ouvido, mas envolve também aspectos da elaboração do pensamento conceitual, estético, expressivo e poético acerca da sonoridade da voz humana na cena. Sendo assim, a escuta, como termo e prática multiforme, se desenvolve por meio da seguinte estratégia: assim como se diz que é necessário diversificar os pontos de vista de um tema, o trabalho parte da ideia de diversificar os pontos de escuta das vozes em performance. A organização estrutural se dá por textos independentes e ao mesmo tempo conectados, nos quais o ponto de convergência é a centralidade do corpo em uma discussão teórica que se propõe a pensar a vocalidade do/a artista em performance. As ideias de escuta encarnada, de diversidade dos corpos das vozes, do corpo invertido, de metáforas do corpo-voz, de corpo musical ou de vozes nômades permeiam essa escrita, escolhendo mostrar a diversidade e seus possíveis paradoxos.

FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Cearà / Pretendeu-se, com esta tese, em primeiro lugar apresentar uma anÃlise interpretativa da obra Assim falou Zaratustra, do filÃsofo alemÃo F. W. Nietzsche. Nossa intenÃÃo à detectar na obra, as possibilidades de encontro e transbordamentos possÃveis entre arte e filosofia como procedimento estÃtico de composiÃÃo prÃprio do filosofar nietzschiano. Em Zaratustra, Nietzsche pÃe em relevo seus conceitos mais fundamentais, sendo que, estes conceitos nÃo sÃo conduzidos de modo sistemÃtico e argumentativo, modelo instituÃdo pela tradiÃÃo ocidental de pensamento. Nietzsche aciona em Zaratustra, um jogo de estratÃgias e procedimentos estilÃsticos que transforma a obra numa composiÃÃo artÃstica em conceitos. Partindo dessa perspectiva, foi possÃvel dar inÃcio as correspondÃncias entre os mÃltiplos eixos que a obra se filia. A obra à rica em possibilidades de interpretaÃÃo, mas o que percebemos em primeira mÃo foi seu indiscutÃvel potencial cÃnico. Os conceitos Morte de Deus, Niilismo, AlÃm-do-homem, Vontade de poder e Eterno retorno, sÃo, segundo o viÃs interpretativo que nos filiamos nesta tese, expostos atravÃs de uma composiÃÃo cÃnica que revela um traÃado lÃdico entre os mesmos. Desse modo, Nietzsche realiza sua estÃtica nÃmade, quando embaralha as linhas rÃgidas que separam arte e filosofia, conduzindo seus conceitos por via de uma arquitetura cÃnica. Nesse sentido, Nietzsche, atravÃs de seu Zaratustra compÃe uma obra que imbrica sem elos subordinativos, materiais cÃnicos e conceituais. à o que pretendemos demonstrar ao apresentar cada um de seus conceitos como mÃscara que perpassa todos os campos situacionais dispostos na obra. Os conceitos nÃo estÃo centrados exclusivamente na aÃÃo narrativa do protagonista, mas em eixos mÃltiplos que se interligam. Os discursos do personagem central, os lugares geogrÃficos, a dimensÃo histÃrica e psicolÃgica, sÃo todos componentes de uma cena que manifesta uma Ãcida crÃtica do filÃsofo à dimensÃo cultural-valorativa da civilizaÃÃo ocidental, ao mesmo tempo em que formam a urdidura estÃtico-conceitual da obra. Essas constataÃÃes que aconteceram no decorrer da pesquisa tornou possÃvel realizar aquilo que denominamos de Aprendizagem experimental, esta se concretizou atravÃs de um recorte cÃnico, intitulado Entreatos.

The master thesis addresses the alteration of Roma discourse and changes of relational patterns between Roma and the wider society during the 1930s and 1940s (more precisely 1927-1950). It focuses on the features attributed to the notion of "a Gypsy" by majority group members. Subsequently, it also attempts to reconstruct, using various levels of discursive practice, the position of Roma in the Slovak society. The main emphasis was laid on the wartime period, which was framed by the interwar and postwar context. In close connection with this anchoring, it tries to trace possible roots of wartime discursive and physical violence. It inquires various continuities and discontinuities of particular policies observing the individuals fulfilling these features attributed to the notion of a "Gypsy" or "an antisocial person" and their limits of agency. Apart from that it scrutinizes different means of categorization and their influence on attitude towards Roma.

Cette thèse, qui s’appuie sur plusieurs enquêtes ethnographiques chez les Halh de Mongolie et les Bouriates d’Aga, ainsi que sur des sources écrites en langues mongole, russe et occidentales, porte sur le pastoralisme nomade des peuples mongols. En étudiant la manière dont les éleveurs conçoivent l’agentivité de leurs animaux (chevaux, chameaux, bovins, moutons, chèvres et chiens) et se reposent sur cette dernière, elle montre que l’élevage pastoral, loin d’être réductible à un simple rapport de domination, est un système complexe composé d’interactions multiples entre humains et animaux, qui s’adaptent mutuellement pour faire communauté. À travers une abondante cartographie constituée à partir d’enregistrements GPS, l’analyse des aspects spatiaux de la cohabitation met au jour l’importance de la relation triadique homme-animal-environnement qui participe du maintien de la communauté. Cette communauté multispécifique engage des moyens de communication qui mobilisent les cinq sens et qui révèlent les capacités cognitives des animaux. Les éleveurs exploitent celles-ci dans les situations de coopération homme-animal, où le rôle joué par les animaux est différencié selon leurs caractéristiques individuelles. Malgré les différences environnementales, socio-économiques et politiques des deux terrains d’enquête, la perspective comparative met en lumière des éléments d’un continuum mongol. Les assemblages et équilibres fins à l’œuvre dans les relations interspécifiques révèlent la grande autonomie des animaux, dont les éleveurs attendent qu’ils jouent un rôle actif dans les tâches pastorales. / This thesis, based on several ethnographic surveys among Halh Mongols and Aga Buryats (Russia), as well as written sources in Mongolian, Russian and Western languages, addresses the nomadic pastoralism among the Mongols. By studying the way herders conceive the agency of their animals (horses, camel, cattle, sheep, goats and dogs) and rely on it, it is shown that animal husbandry, far from being reducible to a mere relation of domination, is a complex system made of multiple interactions between humans and animals, who mutually adapt to each other to build community. Through an abundant cartography based on GPS records, the analysis of the spatial features of cohabitation brings to light the importance of the triadic human-animal-environment relation which contributes to maintaining the community. This multispecies community engages means of communication which mobilize the five senses and reveal the animals’ cognitive capacities. Herders build on those in situation of human-animal cooperation, in which the role played by the animals is differentiated depending on their individual characteristics. Despite the environmental, socio-economic and political differences between the two fields, the comparative perspective highlights elements of a Mongol continuum. The assemblages and delicate balances prevailing in the interspecific relations reveal the large autonomy of animals, which are expected by herders to play an active role in pastoral tasks.

Cette thèse, qui s’appuie sur plusieurs enquêtes ethnographiques chez les Halh de Mongolie et les Bouriates d’Aga, ainsi que sur des sources écrites en langues mongole, russe et occidentales, porte sur le pastoralisme nomade des peuples mongols. En étudiant la manière dont les éleveurs conçoivent l’agentivité de leurs animaux (chevaux, chameaux, bovins, moutons, chèvres et chiens) et se reposent sur cette dernière, elle montre que l’élevage pastoral, loin d’être réductible à un simple rapport de domination, est un système complexe composé d’interactions multiples entre humains et animaux, qui s’adaptent mutuellement pour faire communauté. À travers une abondante cartographie constituée à partir d’enregistrements GPS, l’analyse des aspects spatiaux de la cohabitation met au jour l’importance de la relation triadique homme-animal-environnement qui participe du maintien de la communauté. Cette communauté multispécifique engage des moyens de communication qui mobilisent les cinq sens et qui révèlent les capacités cognitives des animaux. Les éleveurs exploitent celles-ci dans les situations de coopération homme-animal, où le rôle joué par les animaux est différencié selon leurs caractéristiques individuelles. Malgré les différences environnementales, socio-économiques et politiques des deux terrains d’enquête, la perspective comparative met en lumière des éléments d’un continuum mongol. Les assemblages et équilibres fins à l’œuvre dans les relations interspécifiques révèlent la grande autonomie des animaux, dont les éleveurs attendent qu’ils jouent un rôle actif dans les tâches pastorales. / This thesis, based on several ethnographic surveys among Halh Mongols and Aga Buryats (Russia), as well as written sources in Mongolian, Russian and Western languages, addresses the nomadic pastoralism among the Mongols. By studying the way herders conceive the agency of their animals (horses, camel, cattle, sheep, goats and dogs) and rely on it, it is shown that animal husbandry, far from being reducible to a mere relation of domination, is a complex system made of multiple interactions between humans and animals, who mutually adapt to each other to build community. Through an abundant cartography based on GPS records, the analysis of the spatial features of cohabitation brings to light the importance of the triadic human-animal-environment relation which contributes to maintaining the community. This multispecies community engages means of communication which mobilize the five senses and reveal the animals’ cognitive capacities. Herders build on those in situation of human-animal cooperation, in which the role played by the animals is differentiated depending on their individual characteristics. Despite the environmental, socio-economic and political differences between the two fields, the comparative perspective highlights elements of a Mongol continuum. The assemblages and delicate balances prevailing in the interspecific relations reveal the large autonomy of animals, which are expected by herders to play an active role in pastoral tasks.

La thèse de TURARBEKOVA Laura Limite nomade. Le problème de la méthode chez Gilles Deleuze est consacrée à la problématique de la méthode dans l’oeuvre de Deleuze, de ses fondements théoriques et historico-philosophiques, ainsi qu’à la transformation de la méthode dite deleuzienne dans les théorisations et les pratiques des auteurs contemporains appartenant aux différentes écoles deleuziennes. L’auteur suppose donc d’étudier la méthode deleuzienne sous trois aspects auxquels sont consacrées les parties réciproques de l’ouvrage : l’aspect historico-philosophique de sa pensée, et ses fondements méthodologiques, qui inclut au moins deux points importants, de la critique des procédés méthodologiques (Platon, Kant, Hegel) et de l’emprunt des procédés méthodologiques (Hume, Kant, Bergson, Nietzsche) ; l’aspect proprement théorique ou la transformation interne que la théorie de la méthode a reçu dans l’interprétation proprement deleuzienne ; enfin, l’aspect de l’interprétation de sa théorie de la méthode dans le courant que certains nomment le « deleuzianisme » contemporain. Les thèmes du nomadisme et de la limite servent à expliquer le mécanisme du procédé général de cette méthode / Dissertation of TURARBEKOVA Laura Nomadic Limit. The problem of method of Gilles Deleuze is dedicated to the problems of method in the work of Deleuze, its theoretical and historico-philosophical foundations, as well as to the transformation of its method in theorizing and practices of the contemporary authors belonging to the different deleuzians schools. The author assumes therefore to study deleuzian method under three aspects to which are dedicated the reciprocal parts of work: the historico-philosophical aspect of its thought, and its methodological foundations, which includes at least two important points, the criticism of methodological techniques (Plato, Kant, Hegel) and of the loan of methodological techniques (Hume, Kant, Bergson, Nietzsche); properly theoretical aspect or transformation commits that the theory of method received in properly deleuzian interpretation; finally, the aspect of the interpretation of its theory of method in the current which some name contemporary"contemporary deleuzianisme". The topics of nomadism and of border serve for explaining themechanism of the general technique of this original method.

Participant à une certaine opacité dans son étude générale, la civilisation nomade des steppes Eurasiatiques fut longtemps considérée comme apolitique et symboliquement ancrée dans la barbarie. Cependant, cette dernière demeure un sanctuaire d’investigation scientifique à l’intérieur duquel le politique s’est considérablement manifesté par la création de nombreuses confédérations tribales. Opérant son entrée dans l’histoire de l’humanité en tant qu’élément perturbateur des sociétés sédentaires, les peuples de la Haute Asie ont ainsi participé, durant près de deux mille ans, à la chute, au bouleversement ou au renouveau des plus grandes civilisations. La création et l’expansion de l’empire gengiskhanide, dès le début du XIIIème siècle a permis de démontrer la faculté pour ces populations de pasteurs nomades d’opérer d’importantes modifications au sein même de leur morphologie sociale, et ce pour les besoins du politique et de la guerre vers l’extérieure. Cependant examinée de l’intérieur, cette civilisation atypique n’en reste pas moins problématique, notamment du fait de son actualisation culturelle. Cette dernière, accomplie au travers de concepts socio culturels alliant pensée animiste, spiritualité chamanique et utilisation de représentations sociales à aspects zoomorphiques, ne semble rentrer dans aucune grille de lecture impériale. La symbolique du loup est ainsi devenue omniprésente dans l’évolution de la morphologie tribale altaïque, participant à une unification massive des tribus turco-mongoles sous l’hégémonie hiérocratique de Gengis Khan. Devenu progressivement élément mythologique attracteur, l’animal carnassier s’est ainsi frayé une place de choix au sein de la mentalité collective nomade, participant directement au chamboulement de la morphologie tribale, pour les besoins du politique et de l’expansion de la civilisation des steppes en terres sédentaires. Au delà de la simple utilisation lycanthropique de l’ancêtre clanique, sa symbolique, réutilisée habilement par Gengis Khan, est en mesure de démontrer à la fois le dynamisme politique à apposer aux sociétés considérées à tort comme «primitives», tout comme l’instauration d’une identité sociale et d’une idéologie guerrière prédatrices. Etablissant de ce fait l’entité nomade comme antagonique mais complémentaire avec la pensée et l’histoire humaine sédentaire. / Participating in a certain opacity in it’s general study, the nomadic civilization of Eurasian steppe was long regarded as non-political and symbolically rooted in barbary. However, the latter remains a sanctuary of scientific investigation within which the political has significantly expressed itself by the creation of many Tribal confederations. It’s entry operates in the history of mankind as a disruptive element of sedentary societies. People of High Asia participated for almost two thousand years to the collapse, disruption or renewal of the world’s greatest civilizations. From the beginning of the 13th century the creation and expansion of the gengiskhanid empire enabled the demonstration of the faculty of these nomad pastors. They operated major changes in their social morphology for the political needs and because of the war outside. Examined from the interior, this atypical civilization remains questions. This is a result of cultural updating. The latter, accomplished through social and cultural concepts combining animist thinking, shamanist spirituality and the utilisation of social representations with zoomorphic aspects doesn’t fit any imperial cases studies. The symbolic representation of the wolf became ubiquitous in the development of the Tribal-Altaic morphology and participation of a massive unification of Turko-Mongolian clans under the hierocratic hegemony of Gengis Khan. The carnivorous animal had progressively became administred as an attraction mythological element and cleared the way to the Tribal collective mentality. This participating directly to the disruption of Tribal morphology for the political needs and expansion of the steppe civilization in settled population territories. Beyond the single lycanthropic utilization of the Tribal ancestor, its symbolism skillfully reused by Gengis Khan demonstrates simultaneously the political dynamism to pin on societes mistakenly considered as « primitive », and the establishment of a predatory social identity and war-making ideology created de facto the nomadic identity as an antagonist but complementary to the social wores and history of human sedentary. / Судалгааны хувьд ерөнхийдөө зарим тайлбарлахад амаргүй байдлыг хуваалцахад, Евро- Азийн тал нутгийн соёлыг урт хугацааны туршид зэрлэг бүдүүлэг байдалтай байсан хэмээн үздэг. Гэсэн хэдий ч сүүлд оршин байсан ариун дагшин газраас шинжлэх ухааны судалгаа авч үзвэл олон овог аймгийн нэгтгэн байгуулсан улс төрийн байдал нь нэлээд тод томруун харуулж өгдөг байна. Хүн төрлөгтөний түүхийн хувьд авч үзвэл уналт, өөрчлөлтийн зөрчилдөөн эсвэл илүү том нөлөө бүхий соёл иргэншлээр шинэчлэл явагдсан байдал зэргээр сууршмал нийгмийн хөгжил нь төв азийн нүүдэлчин улс орнуудын оролцоо нөлөөгөөр 2000 орчим жил тасалдсан. Улс төрийн болон гадагш хандсан дайны шаардлагаар Чингис хааны эзэнт гүрний байгуулалт болон тэлэлт нь 13-р зууны эхэн үед нийгмийн бүтцэд чухал өөрчөлтүүдийг бий болгоход малчин нүүдэлчид их нөлөө үүрэг гүйцэтгэсэн гэдгийг илэрхий харуулж өгдөг. Гэвч дотоод байдлыг нь ухан авч үзвэл энэхүү өвөрмөц соёл багагүй асуудалтай байсан бөгөөд дашрамд дурдахад соёлын өөрчлөлтийн нөлөө ч бас илэрхий байв. Энэхүү нийгэм соёлын үзэл баримтлалыг нь өргөнөөр авч үзвэл сүнслэгжүүлсэн үзэл санаа, бөөгийн сүнслэг үзэл болон амьтны сүнстэй холбосон үзэл санаан дээр тулгуурласан нийгмийн төлөөллийг ашигласан зэрэг нь эзэнт гүрний утга зохиолын хүрээнд оруулсан байдаг. Чингис хааны доор Түрэг-монголчуудын овгуудын өргөнөөр нэгтгэсэн байдлыг хамруулан Алтайн овгийн хэл зүйн хувьсал өөрчлөлтөнд чонын билиг тэмдгийн талаар хаа сайгүй дурдагдсан байдаг. Бодлогын зорилгоор болон соёлын алхамын тэлэлтүүд сууршиж, нүүдэлчдийн ерөнхий сэтгэлгээнд үлгэр домгийн хэлбэрүүд аажмаар багасаж махчин амьтны талаарх сэдэв түгэж эхлэсэн бөгөөд овгийн хэл зүйд шууд өөрчлөлтөнд нөлөө үзүүлэв. Эртний отог аймгийн энгийн бэлэг тэмдэг болсон чонын утгыг Чингис Хаанаар дамжуулан цааш улс төрийн хүч, итгэл үнэмшлийг харуулах арга замаар ухаалгаар дахин ашиглагдаж ирсэн байдал нь хэсэг бүлгийнхний дүгнэлтэнд буруугаар тайлбарлагдах шалтгаан болсон бөгөөд балар эртний дайтан эзлэн түрэмгийлэгч хэмээн тэд авч үзэх болсон бөгөөд нүүдэлчдийн энэхүү байдлыг хувиа хичээсэн байдлаар оршин тогтнож байсан хэдий ч сууршмал соёлын үзэл баримтлал холбоотой зүйлс бас байсан байна хэмээн үзжээ.

Cette thèse, qui s’appuie sur plusieurs enquêtes ethnographiques chez les Halh de Mongolie et les Bouriates d’Aga, ainsi que sur des sources écrites en langues mongole, russe et occidentales, porte sur le pastoralisme nomade des peuples mongols. En étudiant la manière dont les éleveurs conçoivent l’agentivité de leurs animaux (chevaux, chameaux, bovins, moutons, chèvres et chiens) et se reposent sur cette dernière, elle montre que l’élevage pastoral, loin d’être réductible à un simple rapport de domination, est un système complexe composé d’interactions multiples entre humains et animaux, qui s’adaptent mutuellement pour faire communauté. À travers une abondante cartographie constituée à partir d’enregistrements GPS, l’analyse des aspects spatiaux de la cohabitation met au jour l’importance de la relation triadique homme-animal-environnement qui participe du maintien de la communauté. Cette communauté multispécifique engage des moyens de communication qui mobilisent les cinq sens et qui révèlent les capacités cognitives des animaux. Les éleveurs exploitent celles-ci dans les situations de coopération homme-animal, où le rôle joué par les animaux est différencié selon leurs caractéristiques individuelles. Malgré les différences environnementales, socio-économiques et politiques des deux terrains d’enquête, la perspective comparative met en lumière des éléments d’un continuum mongol. Les assemblages et équilibres fins à l’œuvre dans les relations interspécifiques révèlent la grande autonomie des animaux, dont les éleveurs attendent qu’ils jouent un rôle actif dans les tâches pastorales. / This thesis, based on several ethnographic surveys among Halh Mongols and Aga Buryats (Russia), as well as written sources in Mongolian, Russian and Western languages, addresses the nomadic pastoralism among the Mongols. By studying the way herders conceive the agency of their animals (horses, camel, cattle, sheep, goats and dogs) and rely on it, it is shown that animal husbandry, far from being reducible to a mere relation of domination, is a complex system made of multiple interactions between humans and animals, who mutually adapt to each other to build community. Through an abundant cartography based on GPS records, the analysis of the spatial features of cohabitation brings to light the importance of the triadic human-animal-environment relation which contributes to maintaining the community. This multispecies community engages means of communication which mobilize the five senses and reveal the animals’ cognitive capacities. Herders build on those in situation of human-animal cooperation, in which the role played by the animals is differentiated depending on their individual characteristics. Despite the environmental, socio-economic and political differences between the two fields, the comparative perspective highlights elements of a Mongol continuum. The assemblages and delicate balances prevailing in the interspecific relations reveal the large autonomy of animals, which are expected by herders to play an active role in pastoral tasks.