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131	Från föhn till feu! : Esrange och den norrländska rymdverksamhetens tillkomsthistoria från sekelskiftet 1900 till 1966 / From föhn to feu! : The history of Esrange and the Northern Swedish spaceactivity from the turn of the century 1900 until 1966 Backman, Fredrick January 2010 (has links) This essay is about the origin, planning and establishment of the European Space Research Organisation's (ESRO) sounding rocket base Esrange outside Kiruna in Northern Sweden. Three main questions are examined. First I show there were not just scientific and technical but also political, economical as well as military reasons to build a European rocket base. Second, I scrutinize the reasons to choose Northern Sweden as the location for the rocket base. As it turns out, the main reasons were the favourable location of Northern Sweden within the aurora oval zone, the proximity of the Kiruna Geophysical Observatory, and the possibility to use a large, although not quite uninhabited, area where the launched rockets could crash. Finally, I examine the difficulty of talking about boundaries of various kinds, such as temporal, spatial and functional. The essay also provides a discussion on possible ways to continue research on this topic. Esrange Kiruna space physics geophysics rocket engineering technology ESRO ESA northern lights aurora observatory research station Vassijaure Abisko STS history of science polar rocket base Esrange Kiruna Norrland rymdverksamhet rymdfysik geofysik raket teknologi samer ESRO ESA norrsken aurora borealis observatorium forskningsstation Vassijaure Abisko STS vetenskapsstudier vetenskapshistoria polarforskning norrskensforskning raketbas History of science Vetenskapshistoria History of science and ideas Idé- o lärdomshistoria History of technology Teknikhistoria History of technology and industry Teknik- och industrihistoria Technology and culture Teknik och kultur Other earth sciences Övrig geovetenskap Geophysics Geofysik Space engineering Rymdteknik Space physics Rymdfysik
132	(RE)DEFINE GROWTH : How to Connect Ön and the City while Preserving, Emphasising and Intensifying the Green, Rural and Recreational Qualities Kassberg, Anna January 2017 (has links) Ön is an island in central Ume River. Today Ön is a rural, green place with key habitats and historical values. In 2008 the municipality took the decision to exploit it by building city there. The decision was preceded by the emerging growth target, for Umeå, to become 200,000 inhabitants in 2050. The research material for this paper consists of legal documents, reports, literature, interviews, and own observations. It can be divided into three main parts. The first part, which is the ‘growth discourse’, is investigated through documents concerning political strategies and influences from within the field in relation to Umeå as a city. The second part consists of research around the ‘image’ of Norrland and the third part focus on questions involving well-being through nature and the concept of Ecosystem Services, in relation to Ön. In this paper, I advocate for an alternative plan concerning Ön and its unique set of qualities: the rural, historical, and nature dominated atmosphere adjacent to the city of Umeå. I argue that the value of this land is greater in its natural vesture, than it would be with added asphalt and concrete. The values of concern are non-monetary, but might as well become monetary in the more long-term scenario. There is mounting evidence of benefits derived from nature, when it comes to human well-being, and further that ecosystems provide services of major importance to us. Ecosystem Services are the benefits people obtain from ecosystems. Ön possesses many of these services today. It holds potential for further cultivation and capacity to become amplified as a recreation area in central Umeå. The objective of this master thesis is to define and validate the qualities of Ön; and further, to develop a programme of possible interventions, in order to preserve and intensify the present atmosphere. This is conducted by identifying Ecosystem Services in the current context; and ways to enhance them, in order to propose an alternative plan for Ön. Architecture Nature Green Structure Greenery Ecosystem Services Ecosystem Preservation Culture History Well-being Connecting Nature Conservation North Sweden Rural Urban Sparsity Density Cultivation Park Garden Arboretum Refuge Recreation Farming Outdoor Countryside Growth Prosperity Municipality Comprehensive Plan Influence City River Island. Arkitektur Natur Grönstruktur Ekosystemtjänster Kulturhistoria Bevara Skyddad natur Välmående Landsbygd Stad Glesbygd Förtätning Kultivering Jordbruk Odling Park Trädgård Arboretum Fristad Rekreation Friluftsliv Tillväxt Välstånd Kommun Översiktsplan Stadspark Influens Norrland Umeå Älv Ön. Architecture Arkitektur

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Från föhn till feu! : Esrange och den norrländska rymdverksamhetens tillkomsthistoria från sekelskiftet 1900 till 1966 / From föhn to feu! : The history of Esrange and the Northern Swedish spaceactivity from the turn of the century 1900 until 1966

(RE)DEFINE GROWTH : How to Connect Ön and the City while Preserving, Emphasising and Intensifying the Green, Rural and Recreational Qualities