Magistro darbo tikslas –. ištirti organizacijos kultūros teorinius aspektus ir jos formavimo galimybes Ukmergės mokyklose. Darbe išanalizuoti ir susisteminti įvairių užsienio ir Lietuvos autorių darbai bei tyrimai organizacijos kultūros formavimo bei keitimo klausimais. Buvo pastebėta, kad organizacijos kultūra turi įtakos organizacijos kasdieninei veiklai, jos strategijos kūrimui ir įgyvendinimui. Tyrimo metu atskleista, kad mokyklos kultūra remiasi gilumine organizacijos sandara, kurią lemia organizacijos narių turimos sąlyginai pastovios vertybės, įsitikinimai, prielaidos, tardicijos. Patvirtintos darbo autorės suformuluotos dvi mokslinio tyrimo hipotezės. Atlikti mokyklų kultūros sisteminiai tyrimai yra aktualūs, nes gauti rezultatai gali pasitarnauti tobulinant mokyklų veiklą, siekiant didesnio veiklos efektyvumo. Parengtos rekomendacijos Ukmergės mokyklų organizacijos kultūros tobulinimui. Darbe pateikta diskusija, kurioje atkreiptinas dėmesys į aspektus, dėl kurių autoriai linkę diskutuoti, bei nesutarti tarpusavyje. / The aim of this Master's work is to investigate the theory dimensions of organization culture and the possibilities of its formation in the schools of Ukmergė. The work analyzes and systematizes the works of various foreign and Lithuanian authors and their research on the issues of forming and changing organization culture. It has been noticed that the organization culture influences the daily activities of the organization, the development and implementation of its strategy. The research has revealed that school culture is based on the deep structure of the organization, which is determined by relatively constant values, beliefs, assumptions and traditions of its members. Two hypotheses of the scientific research formulated by the author have been confirmed. Systematic investigations of school culture that have been carried out are relevant, because the results may serve to improve the activities of schools in order to increase their efficiency. Recommendations have been prepared to improve the organizational culture of the schools in Ukmergė. The work presents the discussion, which draws attention to the issues on which the authors tend to discuss and disagree with each other.

Šio magistro darbo tikslas – išsiaiškinti organizacinės kultūros esmę, lygius ir tipologiją teoriniu aspektu ir ištirti AB ,,Lietuvos geležinkeliai“ Radviliškio prekinių vagonų ir lokomotyvų depų kultūros tipą bei jos vystymosi kryptis. Darbe suformuluoti keturi uždaviniai. Tyrimo metu naudoti ir pritaikyti šie tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros sisteminė analizė, dokumentų analizė, interviu bei anketinė apklausa, statistinė duomenų analizė. Teorinėje dalyje išanalizuoti įvairių Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių darbai organizacinės kultūros, jos esmės, lygių ir tipologijos temomis. Apžvelgti įmonės kultūrą įtakojantys veiksniai bei vadovo vaidmuo jos formavimo procese. Siekiant įgyvendinti tikslą, empirinėje dalyje išanalizuoti organizacijų dokumentai ir atliktas tyrimas Radviliškio prekinių vagonų ir Radviliškio lokomotyvų depuose: apklausti vadovai ir specialistai. Atlikta gautų duomenų lyginamoji analizė. Tai pat organizuotas kokybinis ekspertų tyrimas, kurio metu interviu metodu apklausti AB ,,Lietuvos geležinkeliai“ vadybos ekspertai. Apklausus Radviliškio prekinių vagonų depo ir Radviliškio lokomotyvų depo vadovus ir darbuotojus, nustatyta kad abiejose įmonėse šiuo metu dominuoja hierarchinės kultūros tipas, nes darbo vietos yra formalizuotos ir struktūrizuotos, o pagrindinis organizacijų rūpestis – išlaikyti ilgalaikį stabilumą ir sklandžią veiklą. Šiam kultūros tipui nenusileidžia rinka, nes, kaip matyti iš vadovų atsakymų, kad depai, įmonės, kurios orientuotos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this Master's thesis is to analyze the essence of the organizational culture, the levels and typology of theoretical terms and to explore SC “Lithuanian Railways” Radviliskis Freight Wagon and Locomotive depots, culture and the type of development. Thesis focuses on four challenges. Throughout the analysis these methods were used: a systematic literature analysis, document analysis, interviews and a survey, statistical analysis of data. In the theoretical part are analyzed various Lithuanian and foreign authors works of organizational culture , its essence, equal and the typology topics. An overview of the factors was done influencing the corporate culture and the role of leader in the making. In order to achieve the objective, in empirical part analysis was made of organizations documents and survey of Radviliskis Freight Wagon and Locomotive depots: interviewed managers and professionals. Performed a comparative analysis of the data. It also organized a qualitative study of experts, during which were interviewed SC „Lithuanian Railways“ management experts. Survey of Radviliskis Freight Wagon Depot and Locomotive depot managers and employees found that both companies currently dominate the hierarchical type of culture, because jobs are formalized and structured, while the main concern of organizations - to maintain long-term stability and smooth operations. This type of culture does not yield market, since it is apparent from the management responses to... [to full text]

Given the dynamic and unpredictable nature of modern business environment, organizations need to always be ready for change. It is essential for employees to be able to accept change initiatives at workplace and contribute to them constructively.  The authors of this research suggest that due to the similarities in the nature of their implementation process, projects are the most appropriate vehicle for implementing change initiatives. Change initiatives implemented through projects take characteristics of planned change and exclude emergent changes from the scope the scope of this research. The initiating phase of a change project is devoted to creating readiness for change, which is the main focus of the research. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of organizational culture in creating readiness for a change project. The research looks at the process of creating change readiness. This provides a ground for identifying the importance of organizational culture and its interconnection with change management efforts. Further, the dimensions of organizational culture are identified in the relation to change readiness. The literature suggests that these dimensions create change readiness. If organizational culture does not incorporate the identified dimensions of organizational culture, change management efforts should be applied to reinforce or create them. Eight interviews were conducted with change leaders/ project managers. Each interview was conducted in the context of a change project experienced by the interviewee, in order to gain an insight in to the influence of organizational culture on creating change readiness. The study finds organizational culture as being pivotal in creating change readiness. The insight taken from the empirical data allows differentiating between organizational culture as a whole and organizational culture created within the project context by change management efforts. It was found that organizational culture in its exclusivity, does not lead to readiness for a change project. Organizational culture rather builds a foundation for implementing change and creates readiness for a change project through mediation of change management efforts.

Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe analizuojama organizacinė kultūra, kaip viena iš svarbiausių kultūros komponentų. Šio darbo teorinėje dalyje nagrinėtas organizacinės kultūros sąvoka ir tyrimo dimensijos, vertybių bei komunikacijos įtaka organizacinei kultūrai. Remiantis teorijoje nagrinėtais klausimais, buvo atlikta anketinė apklausa, t. y. tyrimas, kurio metu išanalizuota ir palyginta trijų įmonių organizacinė kultūra. Baigiamojo darbo tikslas – įvertinti UAB ,,Gausa", UAB „Gausuva ir VšĮ ,,Humana" organizacinę kultūrą ir jos raišką, remiantis darbuotojų nuomonėmis. Tiriamą problemą apibūdina klausimai: kokie yra organizacinę kultūrą atspindintys bruožai? Kiek svarbios vertybės ir komunikacinis organizacinės kultūros elementas? Kaip darbuotojai vertina įstaigoje vyraujančią organizacinę kultūrą? Kokios vyraujančios vertybės tiriamoje įstaigoje? Kiek gali būti skirtingi tos pačios srities įmonių organizacinės kultūros aspektai? Išsikeltais uždaviniais tiriama mokslinė literatūra, apibrėžianti organizacinės kultūros sąvoką, funkcijas, požymius, pokyčių įtaka organizacijos valdymui, vertybių sistemos įtaka organizacinei kultūrai bei apibrėžiama tarpasmeninių santykių reikšmė. Tyrimu įvertinamos darbuotojų nuomonės apie organizacinės kultūros išorinius elementus, įstaigose vyraujančias vertybes, palyginami trijų pasirinktų įmonių tarpusavio organizacinės kultūros specifiką formuojantys veiksniai. Tyrimas atliktas anketinės apklausos būdu, kuria buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This bachelor‘s thesis has its main focus on organizational culture. It’s been analyzed as one of the most important component of culture. The theoretical part of thesis contains the examination of concept of culture and dimensions of the research as well as the influence of values and communication to organizational culture. According to the questions examined, the survey was implemented. The organizational culture of three enterprises was analyzed during this research. The aim of the Bachelor’s thesis is to assess the organizational culture and its aspects of three enterprises (“Gausa” Ltd, “Gausuva” Ltd and public enterprise “Humana”) according to opinions of employees of the enterprises. The following questions reveal the problem analyzed: what are the features of organizational culture? How important the values and communicational element of organizational culture are? How do the employees assess the organizational culture within their enterprise? What are prevailing values within the enterprises researched? How different the aspects of organizational culture can be in the enterprises of the same field of activity? An academic literature - containing the concept of organizational culture, its functions, indications; the influence of changes to the organization management; the influence of system of values to organizational culture - was analyzed as well as the importance of interpersonal relations was defined. The research assesses the prevailing opinions of employees... [to full text]

Society is facing rapid and continuous change. In order to participate in the development, organizations need to take advantage of all the knowledge and skills available in the labor market. Women leaders in top positions are still in the minority but do as good a job as their male colleagues. She brings different dynamics and a new dimension in the work culture but is nevertheless excluded from the mightiest rooms. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the organizational factors that determine and facilitate for women to take on leadership positions. Through semi-structured interviews with six women leaders, the material has resulted in a thematic analysis with four themes. These themes are the workplace culture, impersonation, conditions and driving forces. The result confirms earlier research showing the importance of a healthy corporate culture to shape and develop tomorrow’s passionate women leaders. / Samhället står inför snabba och kontinuerliga förändringar. För att kunna vara med i utvecklingen behöver organisationer ta tillvara på all kunskap och kompetens som finns tillgänglig på arbetsmarknaden. Kvinnliga ledare på toppositioner är fortfarande i minoritet men gör ett lika gott jobb som sina manliga kollegor. Hon tillför annan dynamik och en ny dimension i arbetskulturen men som trots detta stängs ute från de mäktigaste rummen. Syftet med studien är att belysa organisatoriska faktorer som avgör och underlättar för kvinnor att ta sig an ledande positioner. Genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex kvinnliga ledare har materialet resulterat i en tematisk analys med fyra teman. Dessa temaområden är arbetsplatskultur, personifiering, förutsättningar och drivkrafter. Resultatet styrker tidigare forskning och visar vikten av en sund företagskultur för att forma och ta fram morgondagens passionerade kvinnliga ledare.

Introduction: More and more companies have realized that keeping and using the knowledge in their companies is getting more important to get or keep a competitive advantage. The companies’ organizational culture and knowledge management are essential to create knowledge transfer. Also that the employees and the leaders of the company knows how knowledge- and information transfer arknkoe done best for them. That is why we chose our purpose to be: The aim is to understand the differences between managers and employees perception about knowledge- and information transfer in a manufacturing company. Methodology: A qualitative method with an abductive approach has been used in this thesis. We had our focus on one specific company so we chose to do a case study with semi-structured interviews and observations. We did five interviews where two was with leaders and three with employees. In addition to this we did two observations. Theory: The different theories for this study are mainly about information, knowledge, knowledge transfer, organizational culture and motivation. Analysis: The analysis is about managers and employees perception about information, knowledge, knowledge transfer, how they get motivated and how the culture of the company affects this. The empirical material is analyzed with the previous theories to get a conclusion. Conclusion: The perception of information- and knowledge transfer differs between managers and employees mostly when it comes to working-process and motivation to knowledge transfer. With more standardization the employees get more stressed and less motivated. They believe that this leads to their knowledge to be less important and that the knowledge is transferred less. The employees believes that motivation to knowledge transfer should be prioritized but the managers believe that the motivation should be a part of the job. Reflection and further research: For further research it would be interesting to investigate how “newer” employees at the company see the subject of knowledge- and information transfer to get another perspective. Also how companies can work with lean-production but still make the employees to feel good about their assignments. / Inledning: Fler och fler företag har insett att det blir allt viktigare att tillvarata samt använda den kunskapen som finns i företaget för att få en konkurrensfördel. Ett företags organisationskultur och knowledge management är ytters väsentliga för att kunna skapa kunskapsöverföring. Det är också viktigt att både ledarna och de anställda har samma uppfattning om hur kunskapen ska kunna föras över på bästa sätt. Därför blev vårt syfte: Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats är att förstå skillnaderna mellan ledarnas och medarbetarnas uppfattning om kunskaps- och informationsöverföring i ett produktionsföretag. Metod: I uppsatsen valde vi en kvalitativ metod med ett abduktivt angreppssätt. Vi gjorde studien på ett företag och valde att göra en fallstudie med semi-strukturerade intervjuer samt observationer. Vi gjorde individuella intervjuer med tre medarbetare och två ledare samt två observationer. Teori: De teorier som använts i uppsatsen handlar om information, kunskap, kunskapsöverföring, organisationskultur och motivation. Analys: Analys kring medarbetares och ledares uppfattningar om information, kunskap, hur kunskapen ska överföras samt hur motivation och kulturen påverkar detta. Materialet analyseras med de teorier som tagits upp tidigare för att komma fram till en slutsats. Slutsats: Uppfattningen om informations- och kunskapsöverföring skiljer sig mellan medarbetare och ledare framförallt när det gäller arbetssätt och motivation till att överföra dessa. Ett mer standardiserat arbetssätt har gjort medarbetarna mindre motiverade och mer stressade. Detta tror de leder till att kunskapen blir mindre viktig och att kunskapen också överförs mindre. Motivationen anser medarbetarna borde läggas mer energi på medan ledarna tycker att motivationen till att dela kunskap och information ska ingå i arbetssättet. Reflektion och vidare forskning: Vid fortsatt forskning om ämnet skulle det vara intressant att undersöka hur ”nya” anställda på företaget ser på informations- och kunskapsöverföring samt hur företag kan arbeta med lean-production men ändå få medarbetarna att trivas med sina uppgifter.

Syftet med studien är att beskriva och förstå hur chefer upplever samarbetet mellan enheterna inom den organisationskultur de är verksamma i. Analysen baseras på semistrukturerade intervjuer med 11 chefer inom en sektor i en kommunal vård- och omsorgsförvaltning, som utifrån LEAN önskar samla sin personalstyrka mot gemensamma mål för att bättre kunna klara sitt uppdrag. Studiens frågeställningar syftar till att undersöka hur cheferna upplever kulturen inom sin organisation och enhet samt hur de värderar samarbetet mellan enheterna. Undersökningen, som tillämpar en kvalitativ metod med hermeneutisk fenomenologisk ansats, analyserar intervjudata utifrån kulturteori och symbolisk interaktionism, med fokus på gemensamma symboler och mönster.  Studien fann att cheferna har nog med sitt och deras upplevelse av samarbetet är att det präglas av konkurrens, revirtänkande och oförenliga perspektiv. Arbetet med att stärka organisationens gemensamma kultur har ännu inte uppnått någon märkbar effekt och de gemensamma symbolerna är få. Enheterna utgör egna subkulturer som krockar med varandra, vilket gör att det gemensamma samarbetet saknar färdriktning och är flegmatiskt. Vår slutsats är att en gemensam kultur är av avgörande betydelse för att samarbete skall värderas och ge goda resultat. / The purpose of the study was to describe and understand how managers perceive the cooperation between units in their own organization. The analysis was based on semi structured interviews with 11 managers from a municipal social services organization. In order to better handle it´s agenda the organization used LEAN to mobilize staff towards common goals. The study questions aimed towards understanding how the managers experience the culture of their organization and unit and how they value cooperation between the units. The study used a qualitative method with a hermeneutic phenomenological approach analyzing data from interviews with culture theory and a symbolic interactive perspective focusing on common symbols and patterns. The results showed that the managers were busy with their own work and that cooperation with other units was seen as full of competition, territorial thinking, and incompatible perspectives. Little had been achieved as far as strengthening the common culture of the organization and common symbols were few. The units were subcultures of their own colliding with each other and giving a lack of direction. The conclusion was that for cooperation to be valuable and give good results a common culture is essential.

Studien syftar till att studera jämställdhetsarbetet och synen på jämställdhet i en kommunal förvaltning. Ambitionen är att ur ett jämställdhetsperspektiv identifiera förbättringsområden och komma med förslag på strategiskt jämställdhetsarbete och hållbar jämställdhetsutveckling inom förvaltningens olika enheter. I vår studie har vi använt en kvalitativ ansats i syfte att nå en djupare förståelse för hur respondenterna upplever och ser på jämställdhet och jämställdhetsarbetet i förvaltningen. För att nå en sådan förståelse har vi sammanlagt gjort tio semistrukturerade intervjuer varav en dessa tio var en informantintervju. Vi använde oss av Kvales meningskoncentrering där de större meningarna som intervjupersonerna uttalade formulerades mer koncentrerat för att underlätta analysen av vår empiri. Resultatet i denna studie tyder på att respondenterna har olika föreställningar om vad jämställdhet är och innebär. Medarbetarna och arbetsgivarna får inte tillräckligt med information vad gäller jämställdhetsarbetet och de flesta känner inte till förvaltningens jämställdhetsplan. I och med detta kan de inte heller tillämpa eller arbeta utifrån jämställdhetsplanen i förvaltningens dagliga arbete. / The study aims to examine gender equality and the perception of equality in a municipal administration. The ambition is that from a gender perspective to identify areas for improvement and make suggestions on strategic gender equality and sustainable gender development in the administrations different units. In our study we have used a qualitative approach in order to reach a deeper understanding of how respondents perceive and look at gender and gender equality in the administration. In order to achieve such understanding we have made a total of ten semistructured interviews which one of these ten was an informant interview. We used Kvale's sentence concentrator where the larger sentences that respondents stated were formulated more concentrated in order to facilitate the analysis of our empirical data. The result of this study indicates that respondents have different perceptions of what equality is and means. Employees and employers may not get enough information in terms of gender equality, and most are not aware of administration's equality plan. In doing so, they cannot apply or work from gender perspective in the administration's daily work.

Organizational culture defines how employees should behave in a given set of circumstances. The purpose of this study involved analyzing the organizational culture of an Icelandic software consultancy company in relation to employees´ work-life balance as an aspect of health, and explaining the process for creating and sustaining a supportive work-life culture. Achieving this purpose required answers to several research questions, What are the components of the existing organizational culture? What is the managers´ role in creating and sustaining this organizational culture? What are the challenges in sustaining this organizational culture? This case study used both quantitative and qualitative methods, and four data sources for triangulation purposes. The methodological approaches included a questionnaire-based survey, completed by 72 employees (90%); semi-structured interviews with eight employees; observations conducted during two separate weeks; and document analysis of various documents dating back a maximum of two years. The results suggest that the case organization´s culture was work-life supportive, i.e., the organization supported and valued employees´ integration of work and private life. The components of the existing organizational culture were defined as: fun, ambition, flexibility, international character, openness, cooperation, informality, flat organizational structure, responsibility, trust, understanding, support, and pride. The managers´ role in creating and sustaining this culture involved availability, supportiveness, understanding, trusting, and giving feedback. Among the main challenges in sustaining the culture was the growth of the organization, which could affect considerably the informal culture. Description of the components of the case organization’s existing culture includes description of the culture’s enablers, according to the purpose of explaining how a supportive work-life culture can be created and sustained. / <p>ISBN 978-91-85721-57-3</p>

In the new business world, organizational knowledge is considered to be a key factor for profitability attainment. This is true within any industry. It is a vital enabler of superior business accomplishments and developments. Managing such valuable knowledge enables organizations to gain a competitive advantage and advance in the process of wealth creation. As organizations worldwide become increasingly aware of the benefits that can be achieved by engaging in effective knowledge management practices, the need arises for additional research in order to identify and ascertain the effects of cultural differences among the operating environments of different firms, and to find out how these differences translate into varying uses of technologies and knowledge management practices in firms; that is the main objective of this research. To reach this goal, the study utilizes an exploratory research design to collect and analyze quantitative data from employees of various organizations in different countries and industries. We do this in order to explore the determinants of effective knowledge management from cultural, organizational, and technological perspectives. Specifically, the study will examine the country of Saudi Arabia and compare it to other countries. Quantitative data for an empirical investigation was collected through a web-based survey questionnaire sent to employees of various organizations within different national contexts and industrial settings. Drawing upon previously validated studies and several new hypotheses, this study presents a theoretical model that integrates different sociological and technological factors that influence employees’ behavior when using Enterprise 2.0 technologies for knowledge management. Sociological determinants include: power distance, long term-orientation, knowledge management environment, and personal and organizational behavior. The technological determinants include: Enterprise 2.0 tools, richness, sophistication, ease of use, usefulness and behavioral intention of really using these tools. The quantitative investigation reflects the testing of significant theoretical constructs and relational propositions from the theoretical model. Exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling techniques were used to estimate a structural relationship model among the sociological and technological determinants of the intentions of use of Enterprise 2.0. The key findings from this study emphasize the role of technology perceptions including: perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, richness, sophistication of adoption, the use of Enterprise 2.0 technologies in the workplace, as well as the knowledge management environment of the organization. Furthermore, the results highlight the impact of factors pertaining to knowledge management, such as personal and organizational information on the use of Enterprise 2.0 tools. This study also found that divergences among countries with different cultural settings might affect the knowledge management environment and the use of Enterprise 2.0 in organizations; further investigation is needed in this area. Based on these findings, the study offers theoretical implications and suggestions for future research. This research provides guidelines for practices, processes, and technologies related to knowledge management. It also gives specific recommendations, for companies operating in various cultural contexts, on how to give priority to the context and the environment in which the knowledge is being exchanged as well as how to enhance the technological infrastructures that offer a behavioral incentive to use Enterprise 2.0 technologies for knowledge management.