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Driving Gender Equality In The It Industry : A case study of how an IT consultant company has worked to become more gender equal. / Jämställdhetsarbete i IT-branschen : En fallstudie av hur ett IT-konsultföretag har arbetat för att bli mer jämställt.Arningsmark, Isabella January 2014 (has links)
The IT industry in Sweden is today gender segregated. Only 20 per cent of peopleworking with IT are women, and the same statistics applies for the segregation of women studying IT at technical universities. The problem has existed for decades andtoday many companies have chosen to take actions to change the segregation and work to become more gender equal. But how can a company within the IT industry work to become more gender equal? What strategies and methods can be used and what are the advantages and disadvantages of using them? And how can companies make use of media technology and social media to impact, not only the internal organization but alsothe entire industry? The aim of this thesis is to discover and discuss which methods and strategies companies in the IT industry can apply to become more gender equal, and how social media technologies can support gender equality work. Through a case study of a company within the IT industry, together with a theoretical background, different methods have been identified and discussed. Gender equality work in many cases becomes a work of organizational change. The knowledge of gender equality and the perception of the problem have affect on what type of actions that are taken and the output of those actions. What generally was found to be of importance was the support from top management, together with making gender equality the business of the entire organization. Internal ambassadors and extensive communication has helped generating change of cultural values and implement knowledge into the organization. Targeted initiatives in the recruitment process together with statistical follow up and set goals have affected the employment of women. technologies have facilitated the communication and helped the initiative and information to spread quickly, as well as it has served as a platform for discussion for the employees. / IT-branschen i Sverige är i dag könssegregerad. Endast 20 procent av de som arbetarmed IT är kvinnor, och andelen kvinnor som studerar IT på tekniska högskolor och universitet är densamma. Problematiken har existerat i decennier och idag har många företag valt att agera för att försöka förändra segregering, och arbeta för att bli mer jämställda. Men hur kan ett företag inom IT-branschen arbeta för att bli mer jämställt? Vilka strategier och metoder kan användas, och vilka är fördelarna och nackdelarna med att använda dem? Och hur kan företag använda sig av medieteknik och sociala medier för att påverka, inte bara den interna organisationen, utan också hela branschen? Syftet med denna uppsats är att identifiera och diskutera vilka metoder och strategier företag inom IT-branschen kan använda för att bli mer jämställda, och hur sociala medier teknik kan stödja jämställdhetsarbetet. Genom en fallstudie av ett företag inom IT-branschen, tillsammans med en teoretisk bakgrund, har olika metoder identifierats och diskuterats.Jämställdhetsarbete blir ofta ett organisationsförändringsarbete. Kunskap om jämställdhet och uppfattningen av problematiken påverkar vilken typ av åtgärder som genomförs och resultatet av dessa åtgärder. Vad som anses vara av betydelse för jämställdhetsarbetet är dels att det stödjs av högsta ledningen, samtidigt som det bör göras till en angelägenhet för hela organisationen. Interna ambassadörer och omfattande kommunikation har hjälpt skapa förändring av kulturella värden och implementera kunskap i organisationen. Riktade insatser i rekryteringsprocessen tillsammans med statistisk uppföljning och uppsatta mål har påverkat anställningen av antalet kvinnor. Sociala medier har underlättat kommunikationen och hjälpte initiativet och information om det att sprida sig snabbt, och social medier har även fungerat som en plattform för diskussion för de anställda.
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An Organizational Analysis of Publishing the People's CodeCastle, Joseph Roland 01 May 2020 (has links)
Publishing software publicly is a new phenomenon for U.S. federal government agencies. In August 2016, the White House issued the Federal Source Code Policy: Achieving Efficiency, Transparency, and Innovation through Reusable and Open Source Software (FSCP). The FSCP mandated Chief Financial Officers (CFO) Act agencies to publish at least 20% of their custom developed code as open source software (OSS). The federal government has the responsibility to account for public spending, including spending for IT. The publication of OSS is one way the public can know about government spending. OSS additionally benefits the public by providing access to code, thus, making it the "People's Code."
From 2016 to 2019, the progress of CFO Act agencies in implementing the policy was mixed. This study examines whether and how organizational theoretical variables – cultural beliefs, public engagement, structural dimensions, and organizational location – affect policy implementation. The study uses the publication of OSS as an indicator of effective policy implementation, and it identifies the factors that hinder or aid publishing OSS. Using metadata collected from GitHub's application programming interface (API), I created a sampling frame that included 23 of 24 executive agencies publishing OSS before and after the FSCP was published. From the sampling frame, 25 participants from 20 agencies agreed to participate in the study. These participants were from software development units that minimally, moderately, or frequently published OSS. The sample consisted of participants from units mostly located outside a Chief Information Officer (CIO) office focused on software development and data science activities. Grounded theory provided an approach for data collection with elite interviews and artifact gathering allowing for analysis in an iterative, comparative manner for generating a theory of policy implementation for OSS publication. Units more frequently published OSS when they expressed non-monolithic and advantageous cultural beliefs; practiced more and more varied public engagement through bi-directional communication, events, and electronic tools; had structures with less centralization, more formalization, more differentiation, and more coordination; and were located in the "middle" of organizations with fewer hierarchical layers. Additionally, some units expressed both cautionary and advantageous cultural beliefs suggesting beliefs alone are not enough to allow units to publish OSS.
This study contributes to policy, public administration, and organization theory literatures. It enhances scholarship by examining a new phenomenon and aids practitioners by providing implications for consideration when implementing policy. / Doctor of Philosophy / Publishing software and its associated source code for public use is a new phenomenon for U.S. federal government agencies. In August 2016, the White House issued the Federal Source Code Policy: Achieving Efficiency, Transparency, and Innovation through Reusable and Open Source Software (FSCP). The FSCP mandated executive-level agencies to publish at least 20% of their custom developed code as open source software (OSS). OSS is software that can be shared within a community of developers through accompanying licenses hosted in online code sharing platforms. The federal government has the responsibility to account for public spending, including spending for IT. The publication of OSS is one way the public can know about government spending. OSS additionally benefits the public by providing access to code, thus, making it the "People's Code."
From 2016 to 2019, the progress of executive branch agencies in implementing the FSCP was mixed. This study examines whether and how organizational factors – cultural beliefs, public engagement, structural dimensions, and organizational location – affect agency policy implementation. The study uses the publication of OSS as an indicator of effective policy implementation, and it identifies the factors that hinder or aid publishing OSS.
To arrive at a general understanding of agency efforts at policy implementation, I collected data from GitHub's application programming interface (API) and created a list of 23 of 24 executive-level agencies that published OSS both before and after the FSCP was issued. From these agencies, 25 participants from 20 agencies agreed to participate in the study. These participants were from software development units that minimally, moderately, or frequently published OSS. The sample consisted of participants from units mostly located outside a Chief Information Officer (CIO) office that focused on software development and data science activities. Grounded theory provided an approach for data collection with interviews and document collection, leading to continuous analysis for generating a theory of policy implementation for OSS publication. Units more frequently published OSS when they expressed views complementary to those of their parent organization and held advantageous cultural beliefs; practiced more and more varied public engagement through two-way communication, events, and electronic tools; had structures with less centralization, more formalization, more differentiation, and more coordination; and were located in the "middle" of an organization with fewer hierarchical layers. Additionally, some units expressed both cautionary and advantageous cultural beliefs suggesting beliefs alone are not enough to allow units to publish OSS.
This study contributes to policy, public administration, and organization theory literatures. It enhances scholarship by examining a new phenomenon and aids practitioners by providing implications for consideration when implementing policy.
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From leisure to labor: the careers of professional competitive video gamersRajunov, Micah 21 May 2024 (has links)
Work structures our daily experiences across all spheres of life, including what we do outside of work. But our theories of work have largely sidestepped a deeper probe into the significance of leisure. This dissertation explores the process and consequences of turning leisure into labor. At the intersection of sport, technology, and entertainment, esports has created a market for professional gamers— those who make a living playing video games. My qualitative study draws on interviews with 75 esports professionals alongside digital ethnographic practices. Video gaming begins as a hobby, a self-driven pursuit undertaken purely for fun. Competitive gamers who take their play seriously find themselves not just playing but training with purpose and discipline. Professional gaming is more than a job; it is an immersive lifestyle that demands arduous work in exchange for fun. But in in getting paid to play, professional gamers enter an uncertain, unstable, short-lived career, with long demanding hours, limited future prospects, and sometimes little to no pay. In the end, some gamers choose to stay, some leave, while others push past the fun. The professionalization and commodification of professional gaming offers a unique take on the boundaries of work, and the meaning and value of our time, effort, skills, and selves.
This dissertation presents two papers tracing the career arc of a professional gamer: becoming, being, and retiring. In the first paper I ask: what are the structures and practices of creating and sustaining consent to work? I examine consent through two perspectives: consent at work—high effort and productivity— and consent to work—opting into and staying committed to work itself. The second paper investigates how people balance their intrinsic motivations to work—passion, fulfillment, excitement—with the constraints of work—routine, obligations, necessity— and how this negotiation shapes their career paths. / 2026-05-21T00:00:00Z
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Omvärldens påverkan – inre anpassning : En nyinstitutionell analys av organisationsförändring i en kommunal förvaltning / Impact of the outside world - internal adjustment : A neo-institutional analysis of organisational changes in a municipal administrationJawad, Amir January 2017 (has links)
The objective of this thesis was to investigate organizational changes in a municipal administration. The case in focus for this study has been the labour market administration in the city of Helsingborg. Methods that have been used in this study has been a qualitative approach as well as having conducted for semi structured interviews with public officials. Furthermore, the main theoretical framework in this study has been a neo-institutional theory. The conclusions that this thesis has drawn is that organisations are affected by their surrounding world, both directly and indirectly which is expressed as normative isomorphism, coercive isomorphism and mimetic isomorphism.
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Practicing Technical and Scientific Communication in a Community Health CenterPegue, Misty Lynn 04 May 2010 (has links)
No description available.
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Vinnarskolor & Förlorarskolor : En kritisk stuide av vithet i skolorganisationerWilly, Do, Yasmine, Nechma January 2015 (has links)
Uppsatsen tar ett avstamp i studier av den svenska skolmarknaden. Med företagen som ideal förmås skolorna att med uppgifterna som producenter konkurrera om elever som tar rollen som kunder. Marknadsföringen och synligheten i media blir en förutsättning för överlevnad på denna marknad. Skolmarknaden med dess fria skolval blir problematisk när den ökar segregationen. Problemet blir omfattande i följden vinnarskolor och förlorarskolor. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka marknadsföringsbroschyrer och medierepresentationen av fyra skolor i Stockholm, varav två är vinnarskolor och två är förlorarskolor. Teorin om New Public Management används i förståelsen för fenomenet skolmarknad och dess konsekvenser. Genom en innehållsanalys med ett intersektionellt perspektiv av skolornas broschyrer och representationen i media, kunna kartlägga maktasymmetrier. I synnerlighet används Bourdieus kapitaldefinitioner och postkolonial teori för förståelsen av hur segregation uppstått och kvarlever. Detta för att påvisa om etnisk- och socioekonomisk segregation synliggörs i marknadsföringen samt om denna kan bidra till en reproduktion av segregation. En analys av sekundärt insamlad statistik används i definieringen av dem olika skolorna. Resultatet visar på en förekomst av etnisk- och socioekonomisk segregation i skolornas marknadsföring och medierepresentation. Empirin av den kvalitativa undersökningen redovisar ett påtagligt samband mellan etnicitet/socioekonomi och studieresultat. Slutsatsen blir att marknadsföringen och medierepresentation påverkar reproduktionen av segregation men de sociala strukturerna är det som upprätthåller fenomenet.
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Ambiguity and intermediation in the early moments of market formation : the case of the UK social investment marketCasasnovas, Guillermo January 2016 (has links)
Markets are arenas of social interaction for the exchange of products and services that are embedded in specific networks, cultures, and political relations. The study of how new markets come into being is a lively area of scholarly debate, and the purpose of this thesis is to shed light on the dynamics of these early moments of market formation. These nascent markets are characterized by the lack of shared meanings and settled rules around their participants, processes, and infrastructure. I approach them with arguments from economic sociology and from theories of organizations and institutions. The empirical context is a longitudinal study of the UK social investment market from 2000 to 2015, a field that intersects the social, financial, and public sectors. Social investment refers to the combination of financial returns and social impact, but the contest over its meaning and practice is itself a part of this analysis. The core data collection is based on interviews, reports, field events, and online sources, which provide an empirical basis to understand the social, cultural, and political processes that are shaping this market. I build on different traditions in the sociology of markets to explore changes over time in the rules, identities, practices, and dominant actors during the early moments of the UK social investment market. My first main finding is that the initial period of uncontested ambiguity is followed by efforts from mainstream organizations to reduce that ambiguity by reshaping rules and practices. This then results in a period of collaborative contestation, where peripheral actors challenge the core features of the field and hinder the path to stability. The second finding is about the role played by intermediary organizations in nascent markets, which consists of building the market infrastructure by connecting actors, developing a language, and establishing rules and practices. These findings point to the importance of theorizing about ambiguity in the early moments of markets. I contribute to this endeavor by specifying some of its features and dynamics, and by emphasizing the centrality of intermediation. I also further our understanding of those markets that span across the worlds of business, policy, and civil society.
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Organizing project-based operations : The interplay of content, context and social processesMiterev, Maxim January 2017 (has links)
Project-based organizations (PBOs) are becoming increasingly widespread and important for the modern economy and society. Thus, they attact significant scholarly attention to their distinctive features. The unit of analysis employed by the majority of the studies is the project-based organization as a whole. Hence, the locus of attention stays at the organizational level, whereas project-related effects are discussed in terms of aggregate properties. With very few exceptions, projects as distinct entities do not feature prominently in the discussion of project-based organizations. This observation creates an interesting paradox. In particular, when projects are discussed as separate units of analysis, their complex organizational dynamics, idiosyncrasies, and institutional embeddedness are among important loci of attention. However, when projects and project collections are discussed within the context of the PBO, the very same aspects tend to be downplayed. Most commonly, projects are either neglected or implicitly assumed to be homogeneous, interchangeable atomic units without internal structure or dynamics, obediently following orders of the parent organizations. Their internal organizational properties are overlooked and the individual-level variables are assumed to have little or no influence on the project outcomes. This thesis questions these assumptions and posits that understanding the dynamics at the project operations level might have important implications for explaining the effectiveness of management arrangements in the PBO. In particular, this thesis aims to explore the factors that shape project-based operations in the setting of the project-based organization. The thesis examines three particular factors which affect organizing of the project-based operations: (1) the content of operations; (2) the context of operations; and (3) the social processes at the operational level. Structurally, the thesis comprises a cover essay and four appended papers (three of them published in international peer-reviewed journals). Largely inductive in nature, the thesis builds on two research studies. The first study represents an in-depth “insider” case study of project-based operations in the Operations division of a large pharmaceutical company. It employs a combination of data collection methods, including semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and document analysis. The second study represents a structured framework-based literature review. Recognizing the organizational properties of projects, the thesis draws upon several literature streams within organization theory and design to analyze the empirical data. The results elaborate how the organizing of project-based operations in the PBO is shaped by the interplay between the content, intra-organizational and wider institutional contexts, as well as endogenous social processes. The thesis contributes to the literature on project-based organizations by developing an institutional, as well as extending a contingency perspective on organizing project-based operations. Further, the results call for revisiting the conceptualization of the PBO by questioning the view of projects as atomic and homogeneous units. Finally, the thesis contributes to the literature by developing an organization design perspective on the PBO. In terms of managerial implications, the thesis offers a few frameworks which can be used to support the decision-making process in a PBO. In particular, Paper I develops a contingency model of program management competences (the 3C model), Paper II derives a framework that can help PBO managers in evaluating the sources of isomorphic pressure on individual projects and programs, while Paper IV puts forth an organization design model for the PBO. At a more general level, Paper II discusses how the identified isomorphic processes within the PBO can limit flexibility, innovation, and efficiency. Finally, the cover essay discusses the important factors that need to be scrutinized in order to assess organizing of the project-based operations, such as the technical content, the project landscape and social landscape or the influence of institutionalised practices and models. / <p>QC 20170508</p>
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Influence des logiques d'innovation ouvertes sur l'émergence des écosystèmes d'affaires dans les Bioindustries françaises / Open innovation impact on French Bioindustries Business Ecosystems emergenceParisot, Xavier 06 July 2015 (has links)
Les biotechnologies mobilisées aujourd'hui dans les bioindustries requièrent des compétences qu'une entreprise ne peut plus maîtriser seule. L'aboutissement d'innovations disruptives implique une approche pluridisciplinaire nécessitant l'intervention de plusieurs secteurs industriels ce qui s'oppose à une logique d'innovation propriétaire. La transversalité nécessaire à ces rapprochements entre entreprises privées et secteurs public et ou entre industries issues de secteurs d'activités différents modifie profondément la nature des modèles d'organisation. Parmi l'ensemble des modèles adoptés, celui des écosystèmes d'affaires (EA) occupe une place de plus en plus centrale dans les bioindustries. L'optimisation des logiques d'innovation associées est devenue un enjeu auquel même les institutions tentent de répondre en soutenant l'adoption de logiques d'innovation ouverte (IO) et le développement d'EA. Pourtant la nature de ces deux notions restent discutées et leur combinaison théorique mal comprise. Bien que les études de cas montrent que les EA appuient leur développement sur l'IO dans les domaines dont le développement repose sur la connaissance, la nature et la séquence de mise en œuvre des concepts mobilisés restent à déterminer. De plus, le débat demeure concernant la nature ontologique et les limites épistémologiques des notions d'IO et d'EA. Cette thèse s'efforce de préciser ces éléments puis elle détermine quel rôle est joué par l'IO dans l'émergence des EA dans les bioindustries françaises.L'analyse ontologique de la notion d'EA révèle la valeur purement métaphorique des transpositions effectuées par Moore depuis l'écologie pour en établir la définition. Par conséquent, l'approche analogique adoptée par une partie des scientifiques ne peut être retenue pour établir les limites épistémologiques de la notion d'EA. La nature ontologique de la notion d'IO reste incertaine. Nature des flux d'informations inter-organisationnels et capacités dynamiques des firmes sont conjointement mobilisés. Cette incertitude n'étant pas permissive à la réalisation d'une analyse épistémologique, les capacités dynamiques sont ici choisies comme fondement théorique de l'IO. L'analyse épistémologique de la notion d'EA démontre l'application d'une boucle récursive dans sa construction. De plus, elle révèle l'existence d'une théorie substantive derrière la notion d'EA, théorie mobilisant une séquence de concepts mise en œuvre successivement dans l'émergence des EA. L'IO étant l'une des notions mobilisées.La posture épistémologique adoptée dans cette thèse est celle du réalisme critique. Elle permet la prise en compte de la boucle récursive, est adaptée à l'approche par les théories ancrées, et intègre les circonstances intrinsèques et extrinsèques justifiant la manière dont les mécanismes générateurs sont activés. Elle autorise la formulation d'hypothèses fondatrices d'ordre ontologique. Ce choix permet de conserver la posture épistémologique séminale implicite de Moore, de légitimer la valeur de sa démarche ancrée, d'assumer l'hypothèse ontologique formulée à propos des fondements de l'IO, et de tenir compte des facteurs tant environnementaux qu'organisationnels justifiant de l'émergence des EA. La méthodologie d'analyse qui en découle est qualitative. Elle passe par une comparaison de deux études de cas réalisées sur la base d'analyses de données secondaires. Les facteurs contextuels de chaque cas sont corrélés afin de dévoiler les mécanismes générateurs justifiant du rôle de l'IO dans l'émergence des EA.Les résultats confirment la séquence de mise en œuvre des concepts proposés par Moore dans l'émergence des EA pour les bioindustries françaises. Ils précisent la place de l'IO dans cette séquence en spécifiant son rôle dans le passage de la collaboration à la coévolution des firmes au sein de l'EA. Ils confirment que l'EA ne constitue pas un modèle d'organisation en soi mais une posture inter-firmes favorisant l'adoption de modèles adaptés. / Biotechnologies mobilized today in bio-industries require skills that companies can no longer control alone. The development of disruptive innovations involves a multidisciplinary approach requiring the intervention of several industrial sectors that is opposed to proprietary innovation logic. Transversality necessary for these collaborations between private companies and public sectors and or between industries from different business sectors profoundly changes the nature of organizational models chosen by firms. Among all the models adopted, the business ecosystem (BE) occupies a more and more central place in bio-industries. The optimization of the associated logical innovation has become a challenge that even the institutions are trying to respond by supporting the adoption of open innovation logics (OI) and the development of BE. Yet, the nature of these two notions is still discussed and there theoretical combination remains poorly understood. Although case studies show that BE support their development on OI in knowledge based industries, nature and implementation sequence of underlying concepts remain to be determined. Moreover, the debate remains regarding the ontological and epistemological limits of OI and BE notions. This thesis seeks to clarify these elements and determines what role is played by the OI in the emergence of BE in the French bio-industries.The ontological analysis of BE notion reveals the purely metaphorical transpositions made by Moore from ecology to establish its definition. Therefore, the analogical approach supported by a part of the scientific community can't be applied to establish the epistemological limits of BE notion. The ontological nature of OI notion remains uncertain. Nature of inter-organizational information flows and dynamic capabilities of firms are jointly mobilized. This uncertainty is not permissive to the achievement of an epistemological analysis, therefore dynamic capacities here were chosen as theoretical foundations of the OI notion. The epistemological analysis of the development of BE notion demonstrates the application of a recursive loop in its construction. Moreover, it reveals the existence of a substantive theory behind the BE notion, theory which mobilizes a sequence of concepts implemented successively in the emergence of BE. The OI is one of mobilized notions.The epistemological posture adopted in this thesis is that of critical realism. It allows the inclusion of the recursive loop. It is suitable for the approach by grounded theories. It integrates intrinsic and extrinsic circumstances justifying how generating mechanisms are activated. It allows the formulation of founding ontological assumptions. This choice preserves Moore's implicit epistemological posture, legitimizes the value of its grounded approach, assumes the ontological assumption made about the foundations of OI notion, and takes into account both environmental and organizational factors justifying the emergence of BE. The resulting methodology is qualitative. It goes through a comparison of two case studies based on secondary data analysis. Contextual factors of each case are correlated to reveal the generative mechanisms justifying the role of OI in the emergence of BE.The results confirm the implementation sequence of concepts proposed by Moore in the emergence of BE in the French bio-industries. They precise the place of OI in this sequence by specifying its role in the transition from collaboration to co-evolution of firms within BE. They confirm that BE is not an organizational model in itself, but an inter-organizational stance promoting the adoption of appropriate models.
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台灣大型出版社之數位出版策略與發展模式 / Digital-publishing strategies and development patterns of major publishers in Taiwan林立恆 Unknown Date (has links)
2007年美國亞馬遜正式推出電子書閱讀器Kindle,第一年就提供30萬本電子書目供讀者付費下載閱讀,到了2010年增加到將近100萬本,在銷售量上,暢銷書的電子書版本銷量已經超過紙本精裝書,開啟了E(電子)P(紙本)同步的出版銷售模式。此外還有蘋果公司推出的平板電腦iPad,廣大的使用者族群吸引軟體開發者與內容提供者的注目。
臺灣的出版產業界成立台灣數位出版聯盟,行政院通過數位出版產業發展策略與行動計畫,試圖朝著數位出版的方向轉型,其中遠流與城邦兩間大型出版社積極投入數位出版的開發,然而為數眾多的小型出版社卻抱持保留或拒斥數位出版發展的態度,使得臺灣目前形成空有電子書硬體,而電子書目缺乏的現況。
本研究的目的在於解釋出版社投入數位出版的原因與發展的模式,面對內容缺乏的現況,多數的出版社尚未投入,率先投入的出版社是如何建立起數位出版的發展模式。
以遠流與城邦兩間出版社為主要研究對象,投入數位出版的目標是與電信業者、資訊業者競爭,競爭數位出版產業鏈當中作者與讀者之間的中介位置,然而出版社投入數位出版之後,必須與電信業者、資訊業者有所區隔,差異在於出版社的定位是以「內容」的經營為主,而且收益也是直接來自於內容的銷售,因此必須思考內容在數位時代的銷售機制如何建立,如何突顯內容在數位時代的價值。本研究以新制度學派的組織理論探討組織面臨的環境變遷,組織如何發展應對策略,並進一步影響其他組織的態度,塑造有利的環境。目前數位出版這項議題無論是從市場層面或技術層面都無法合理解釋出版社的動態,對於數位出版的未來眾說紛紜,本研究從觀察台灣出版產業的現況開始,試圖為數位出版找到在地的意義與推動出版社投入開發的原因。 / In 2007, the U.S. Amazon officially launched the e-book reader, Kindle. In the first year, Amazon provided 300,000 volumes of electronic books for readers to pay for download. Until 2010, Amazon had provided nearly 1 million volumes of electronic books for readers, and the sales volume of best-selling books in electronic versions outnumbered their counterparts in hardcover versions, creating a selling model of simultaneous E (electronic) P (paper) publication. In addition, there is Apple's Tablet PC iPad. The majority of user groups have drawn the attentions of software developers and content providers.
Taiwan's publishing industry established Taiwan Digital-Publishing Forum, and the Executive Yuan implemented the development of strategies and action plans for the digital-publishing industry, trying to make a transition toward the direction of digital-publishing. Two of the major publishers, Yuan-Liou Publisher and the Cite Publishers, were actively involved in the development of digital-publishing. However many small publishers held back or rejected in terms of developing the digital- publishing, resulting in a situation that Taiwan has had plenty of e-book hardwares with little electronic book content.
This study is to explain the reasons why the publishers engaged in digital- publishing and adopted certain development patterns. This study also investigates how the first-involved publishers built the development patterns of digital-publishing in face of the lack of content and few publishers engaged in the field.
The two publishing houses, Yuan-Liou Publisher and the Cite Publishers, serve as the main subjects of the research. The objective of investing in the digital publishing is to compete with the IT industry and to occupy an intermediary position between authors and readers in the value chain of communication industry . However the publishers investing in digital-publishing must make distinction from IT industry and communication industry; the difference is in publisher’s content-based business model; the benefits are directly from content sales. So have to think about how to establish the marketing mechanisms of content in the digital age.
Following the concerns of the neo-institutional school, this study explores environmental changes confronted by the organizations, how the organizations developed strategies, and the further effects on the attitude of other organizations in order to create an advantageous environment by. Presently, this issue are unable to reasonably explain the publishers’ movement. This study starts from the observations of the status quo of Taiwan’s publishing industry, trying to find local significances of digital-publishers and to give the reasons of investment in the development .
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