The purpose of this thesis is to examine the differences and similarities between the original version and an easy-to-read version of Selma Lagerlöfs novel Gösta Berlings saga. The method used is close reading of the two versions and thereby analysing descriptions of the environment, descriptions and psychological depth of the protagonist, missing chapters and changes of the plot. The results show that 21 chapters along with large parts from some of the remaining chapters are missing in the easy-to-read version due to not being necessary to the main story line. An alteration has been made in order to make the story line chronological. The use of invocation and personification of nature by Lagerlöf are missing in the easy-to-read version. There is also fewer details mentioned about the environments in the novel, which is resulting in the reader having to fill in the gaps on his own. The descriptions of the protagonist are few and over all quite similar, though some details are left out in the easy-to-read version and some clarifications have been made. There is a bigger difference between how thoughts and feelings are described in the texts, resulting in Gösta being a round and dynamic character in the original version and somewhat more flat and static in the easy-to-read version. These differances effect how a classroom discussion might be implemented, since the teacher must adjust the conversation so that it may be relevant for all participants.

Thesis (Th.M. (Ethics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

Original sin in economy literature is defined as the inability of countries to borrow in domestic currency from abroad (even from local markets with long maturities and fixed-rate). There are two dimensions of the problem, international and domestic. In this thesis, some of theories on determinants of international original sin phenomenon are investigated. The results suggest that absolute size of the economy is a significant determinant of the international original sin. Financial and economic development is also found to be necessary in order to redeem from the original sin problem. Existence of strong policies and institutions, monetary credibility, and flexible exchange rate regime are found as other significant factors in terms of explaining the phenomenon. Countries that faces credit market imperfections and poor contract enforcement more prone to original sin problem.

I denna undersökning jämförs upphovsrättslagens syn på original och kopiering med den syn som allmänt råder i konstvärlden. Min frågeställning är: på vilket sätt har appropriering förändrat synen på originalitet och kopiering i konsten och hur samstämmer den med upphovsrättslagens syn? Appropriering är ett begrepp som i konstnärliga sammanhang använts sedan 1980-talet och betyder att man tar något och gör det till sitt eget. Den konstnär som är mest känd för sina approprieringar är Sherrie Levine som målade kopior av äldre kända konstnärers verk och fotograferade andra kända konstnärers fotografier och ställde ut dem som sina egna. Men även tidigare har konstnärer utnyttjat andras bilder och material för egna konstnärliga syften. Även om appropriering idag är allmänt accepterat i konstvärlden frågar jag mig om den är lika accepterad av upphovsrättslagen. Vid en närmare granskning av upphovsrättslagen tycker jag mig finna en förlegad konstsyn som bygger på modernistiska föreställningar om konstnären som ett ensamt geni som, opåverkad av omvärlden, skapar fritt ur sin egen fantasi. I min gestaltning undersöks närmare om det kan finnas en konflikt mellan upphovsrättslagens och konstvärldens syn. Genom att använda mig av appropriering av andras verk som metod prövar jag med olika ingångar gränserna för upphovsrättslagen. Jag har sedan låtit en jurist och en konstnär titta på mina verk för att diskutera och bedöma verken utifrån sina olika perspektiv. Resultatet redovisas i denna uppsats. / BI

Uppsatsen är en historiografi om konstförfalskning. Texten har fokus på målningar och teckningar. I uppsatsen visas två skilda synsätt på fenomenet förfalskad konst, dels förfalskares, dels deras kritikers. I uppsatsen får förfalskarna presentera sina motiv för varför de förfalskar, i den delen kommer fram en önskan om försörjning men även en uppenbar stolthet över att lyckas göra konstverk som uppfattas gjorda av namnkunniga konstnärer från tidigare epoker. I många fall visar de en uppenbar kärlek till fin konst, samtidigt som de är väl medvetna om skillnaden mellan det äkta och det falska. Deras avslöjare är kritiska till verksamheten. Forskare och konstexperter tar avstånd från fenomenet, men inom museivärlden finns en uppfattning att där kan finnas lärdomar att hämta även ur förfalskad konst, om den diskuteras på rätt sätt.

Double Helix approaches the conjunction of visual poetry and long poetry from two distinct but related viewpoints. The first is a scholarly examination of the techniques used to make a long poem visual or a visual poem long. The second is a production of an original long visual poem exhibiting these techniques. The first part, "The Look of the Long Poem," posits that there are five major techniques which are used in long visual poems: line breaks, imagetexts, white space, page division, and collage and montage. These techniques are grounded in the theoretical work of, among others, Katherine O'Brien O'Keeffe, W.J.T Mitchell, Marjorie Perloff, and Johanna Drucker. The techniques are examined in detail as they play out in the work of Anne Carson, David Daniels, Christine Wertheim, Johanna Drucker, Langston Hughes, Ed Dorn, Lisa Jarnot, and Tom Phillips. The second part consists of an original sixty-four-page long poem / poetic sequence titled "diluvium." "diluvium" utilizes all the techniques analyzed in the previous part, attempting furthermore to educate the reader in the process of negotiating its parts as it is read – that is, to act as a poetics as well as a poem.

In today¡¦s ever-changing, competitive business environment, professional managers are challenged with the aims of attracting target markets, establishing relationships, increasing competitiveness, and achieving objectives. The business must continually add value, create a long-term competitive advantage, and satisfy customer needs in order to maintain a position of leadership in the market. In opening Merck Sharp Dohme at a time when medical organizations are undergoing such global change, one must consider the relationship between the aim of the organization and the clients¡¦ needs. In 2007, the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨ was established, a new marketing approach (New Strategic Selling) was adopted, and the competitiveness of the organization was enhanced, a new method of managing the client base was created, which assisted the company in reaching its global objectives. This research paper used explorative research methods adopting qualitative and quantitative means of analysis, as well as on the spot investigation into internal operations of the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨ of the Taiwanese branch of an American pharmaceutical factory. Through the implementation of KAM and CRM, research was conducted into the operation of the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨. Discussions were carried out into my degree of satisfaction with the achievement of company objectives. Discussions also touched upon my satisfaction with current policies, the operation of the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨, the results and cohesiveness of the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨, staff qualities, on the job competence as well as limitations. Conclusions of the thesis are listed below: 1. Solving on-the-spot problems for the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨ as well as providing a platform for long-term cooperation. 2. The importance of the operation and cohesiveness of the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨, creating a plan for clients, and servicing clients. 3. Members dealing with the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨ demonstrated experience, confidence, logic, and the ability to execute, delegate, and communicate effectively. 4. The ability to coordinate was the skill most valued by clients and staff. 5. Key reasons behind success of the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨ was, choosing the right staff, systematic thought, professional management on the part of the client manager, coordination of resources, marketing activities, coordinating the duration of the client plan, as well as complete dedication to the task at hand. 5 key points developed from the conclusion: 1.The execution of MERCK¡¦s 5 Ring policy aims at building motivation for the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨ 2.Finding the right person to carry out the right steps is the cornerstone of success behind the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨. 3.The driving force behind the success of managing the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨ is the Client Manager. 4.Opportune spending and proper use of resources is the most impressive result when managing the ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨. 5.The key point to adding value to your ¡§Key Customer Unit¡¨ is separation of customer teams to increase internal competitiveness.

As institutional and professional journalism faces increasing uncertainty about its financial security and social influence, it is also being challenged by emerging forms of networked journalism that rely on open, network-based flows of information. In 2010, one of those networked groups, WikiLeaks, rose to prominence through a series of large, high-profile leaks of government information. Drawing on the concepts of paradigm repair and professional boundary work, this study examined the way numerous professional news organizations portrayed WikiLeaks as being beyond the bounds of professional journalism. Through a textual analysis of discourse about WikiLeaks from the group’s inception in 2006 through early 2011, the study found that the American professional news media depicted WikiLeaks as unreliable, unstable deviants who maliciously and indiscriminately released information rather than properly performing journalism. The discourse portrayed WikiLeaks as being outside journalism’s professional norms in four primary areas: institutionality, reporter-source relationships, original reporting, and objectivity. In doing so, professional journalists defended those domains against WikiLeaks’ networked alternative, reasserting their own social value and authority by arguing for the superiority of their professional journalistic model. Discourse from professional media criticism, conservative and liberal alternative news media, and European journalism was also examined, using the response to WikiLeaks to help form a a map of several areas of the journalistic sphere in terms of their adherence to the paradigmatic tenets of professional journalism. The WikiLeaks case provides a useful guide for evaluating future interactions between professional and networked journalism, particularly professional journalism’s evolving self-definition vis-à-vis its emerging networked counterpart. / text

Atliekant tyrimą buvo siekiama atskleisti vyresnių klasių mokinių dalyvavimo projektinėje veikloje veiksnius, pagrindžiant šią veiklą kaip kūrybiškumo ugdymo prielaidą. Siekiant šio tikslo, buvo atlikta literatūros šaltinių analizė, kuri parodė, kad kūrybiškumas apibrėžiamas kaip polinkis į naują, originalią, novatorišką veiklą, modeliavimą ar mąstymą, kaip žmogaus gebėjimas atrasti naujus ir originalius sprendimus, daryti ką nors unikalaus, atrasti naujus darinius, naudotis platesne nei duota informacija, valdyti naujas situacijas. Nesant sąlygų kūrybiškumas gali ir nepasireikšti. Empirinis tyrimas atskleidė, kad popamokinė veikla – svarbi mokinių kūrybiškumo ugdymo forma, kurią mokiniai dažniausiai pasirenka patys. Apie papildomo ugdymo turinį mokiniai dažniausiai sužino iš bendraklasių, iš draugų. Tačiau dalyvauti projektuose dažniausiai skatina mokytojai. Konkursantai dažniau negu mokiniai skatina savo draugus dalyvauti popamokinėje veikloje. Mokinių ir konkursantų požiūris į popamokinę veiklą skiriasi. Mokiniai aktyviau dalyvauja mokykloje organizuojamoje popamokinėje veikloje negu konkursantai, nes turi daugiau laisvo laiko, nori geriau pasiruošti baigiamiesiems egzaminams. Mokinių ir konkursantų požiūriu yra svarbūs visi projektinės veiklos etapai. Sudėtingiausia – projekto vykdymo ir sklaidos veikla, kadangi taip mano šiek tiek daugiau nei pusė respondentų. Tačiau jie nesureikšmina projekto temos pasirinkimo etapo. Galima manyti, kad ne patys mokiniai ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Performing the research it was aimed to reflect the factors of higher grades schoolchildren’s participation in project work, understanding this activity as creativity encouragement premise. To achieve the aim the analysis of literature sources was performed. It showed that creativity is defined as turn for original and novel activity, modelling or thinking; as ability of people to find new, unusual solutions, discover novelties, use additional information, handle with unfamiliar situations. Without certain circumstances creativity might not develop. Empirical research revealed that extracurricular activities, which students usually choose themselves, are an important part of students’ creativity upbringing. Students usually learn about the content of extracurricular activities from their classmates or friends. However, those who encourage students to take part in project work are most often teachers. What is more, students participated in different kinds of contests inspire the others to join after-school classes. The view of the students who participated in different kinds of contests and those who did not on extracurricular activities is different. Non-participants are more actively involved into after-school activities because they have more free time and choose it as a way to prepare for school-leaving examinations. Both contests participants and non-participants claim that all the stages of project work are important. A bit more than a half of respondents think that the... [to full text]

For Native peoples, becoming Christian in north america has also meant becoming white. That is, the theological beliefs, cultural habits, and political movements that characterized american colonialism are inseparable. Among its many shortcomings throughout colonial history, Western Christianity has failed on a basic, epistemological level; it has failed to recognize itself as a particular theological tradition, instead positing itself as a universal. The insistence of the particular theological doctrines and scriptural interpretations of european settlers as Truth led to the demise of many Others—a violence to which the Indigenous peoples of this land attest. If, as I have suggested, particular theologies were part and parcel of the western colonial project, then it follows that attempts at disarming the imperial machine must not only involve decolonizing dominant politics and cultural habits, but also decolonizing dominant western theologies. This thesis takes up one of the dominant doctrines in Western Christianity, that of original sin. An analysis of this doctrine is pertinent because, in addition to articulating the dominant western Christian understanding of sin, death, and evil, in the world, it also reveals an undergirding anthropology and an implied soteriology, both of which provided justifications for the genocide on the Indigenous peoples of america. Following the decolonizing methodologies of Native americans Andrea Smith and Laura Donaldson, I will demonstrate that the doctrine is particular, both scripturally and culturally, and that the dominant reading of the supporting texts for the doctrine are neither universal nor necessary. Then I will interrogate the two primary texts, Genesis 3 and Romans 5 with alternative interpretations from Native theologians and the experiences of the doctrine by Native peoples. Finally, I will argue that if western theology is to truly release its monopoly on the Truth, even what it claims to be the True discourses and interpretations within Christianity, it must make itself vulnerable to deconstruction and interrogation by those it has oppressed; it must cultivate a posture of receptivity to the other and Native interpretive approaches, begin the hard work of unsettling settler theologies, and composing non-dominant readings of the bible.