Generalizando para o caso do bidisco hiperbólico as construções em (ANANIN; GROSSI; GUSEVISKII, 2011) e em (GROSSI, 2015), provamos que o fibrado trivial (tangente) sobre superfícies de gênero ≥ 1 (≥ 2) admite geometria modelada no bidisco hiperbólico. (O caso do fibrado trivial sobre o toro é particularmente curioso, pois a curvatura é nula na base e em cada fibra, mas não no fibrado.) Além do seu próprio valor intrínseco, estes exemplos se inserem no contexto da conjectura de Gromov, Lawson e Thurston. Originalmente, a conjectura de Gromov, Lawson e Thurston diz que um fibrado de discos sobre uma superfície conexa fechada orientável de gênero ≥ 2 admite métrica hiperbólica completa de curvatura constante se e só se ΙeΙ ≤ Ι XΙ, onde e é o número de Euler do fibrado e X é a caraterística de Euler da base. Posteriomente, observou-se que esta desigualdade também era válida em todos os fibrados de discos sobre superfícies com estrutura hiperbólica complexa (i.e., uniformizados pela 2-bola holomorfa) conhecidos. Por esta razão, passou-se a acreditar que a conjectura depende apenas de curvatura negativa lato sensu (digamos, à la Alexandrov) e não das especificidades de uma geometria hiperbólica particular. O bidisco hiperbólico é o caso mais simples que nos permite testar tal hipótese, pois está no limite de ser hiperbólico (a curvatura é ≤ 0). Construímos os dois casos extremais: = 0 (fibrado trivial) e ΙeΙ = ΙXΙ (fibrado tangente). Além disso, provamos alguns resultados relacionados à teoria de Teichmüller no contexto de fibrados de discos uniformizados pelo bidisco hiperbólico. / Generalizing the constructions in (ANANIN; GROSSI; GUSEVISKII, 2011) and in (GROSSI, 2015) to the hyperbolic bidisc, we show that the trivial (tangent) bundle over genus ≥ 1 (≥ 2) surfaces admits a geometric structure modelled on the hyperbolic bidisc. (The case of the trivial bundle over the torus is particularly interesting because the curvature vanishes on the base and on every fiber, but is non-null on the bundle.) Aside from their intrinsic value, these examples also play a role in the context of the Gromov, Lawson and Thurston conjecture (GLT conjecture). Originally, the GLT conjecture states that a disc bundle over a connected oriented closed surface of genus ≥ 2 admits a complete hyperbolic metric of constant curvature if and only if ΙeΙ ≤ ΙXΙ, where stands for the Euler number of the bundle and , for the Euler characteristic of the base. Afterwards, it was observed that this inequality also holds for every known example of disc bundles over surfaces equipped with complex hyperbolic structure (i.e., uniformized by the holomoprhic 2-ball). So, one started to believe that the conjecture depends only on negative curvature lato sensu (say, à la Alexandrov) and not on the particularities of an specific hyperbolic geometry. The hyperbolic bidisc is the simplest case allowing us to test such hypothesis since it lies on the frontier of being hyperbolic (curvature is ≥ 0). We construct the two extremal cases: e = 0 (trivial bundle) and ΙeΙ = ΙXΙ (tangent bundle). We also prove a few results related to Teichmüllers theory in the context of disc bundles uniformized by the hyperbolic bidisc.

In this thesis I have combined cognitive metaphor theory, based mostly on the theories of the book Metaphors we live by by Lakoff & Johnson, with translation theory in order to try and show how the former can contribute with useful analytical tools within me- taphor translation. More specifically, my objective is to try and show how the knowled- ge of how metaphor works according to the cognitive perspective can help translating metaphors in a way that corresponds to the recommendations established by Peter Newmark (1992), i.e. try to maintain, in as much as posible, both grammatical structure and semantics. Through a qualitative analysis I considered gramatical structure and se- mantics of three original literary metaphors taken from the swedish book ”Gösta Ber- lings saga” by Selma Lagerlöf, and their translations to spanish made by Slaby (1955). I identified how well the translations corresponded to the recommendations of Newmark, as well as suggested new translations based on the results of the cognitive analysis. As a result we could see the importance, not only of maintaining both source domain and tar- get domain of the original metaphor, or at least the epistemical correspondences in case the source domain changed, but also the ontological correspondences, the specific con- tact, that the original metaphor establishes between these two domains, for a translation that better follows the norms defined by Newmark. In other words, limited to these th- ree examples, I managed to confirm that a cognitive approach to metaphor can be very useful within translation.

Le De gratia noui Testamenti (= epistula 140), lettre-traité composée par l’évêque d’Hippone au début de l’année 412, présente la pensée d’Augustin sur les rapports entre grâce divine et liberté humaine d’une manière remarquablement synthétique – en raison de ses circonstances de rédaction tout d’abord, qui le placent à la croisée de polémiques très diverses, et de son originalité littéraire, qui le rattache simultanément à plusieurs genres. Cette thèse comporte trois parties. Nous proposons tout d’abord une introduction au traité, afin d’en présenter les principaux aspects – dont les problèmes historiques qu’il pose, les questions littéraires qu’il soulève et les aperçus qu’il offre sur la pensée d’Augustin. Nous en avons ensuite, à partir d’une étude de sa tradition manuscrite, établi l’édition (qui corrige celle du CSEL, datant du début du XXe siècle) et la traduction. Enfin, notre commentaire s’attache à éclairer les passages problématiques de la lettre, pour en dégager les principaux intérêts historiques, littéraires et théologiques. / The De gratia noui Testamenti (= epistula 140), which is both a treatise and a letter composed by the Bishop of Hippo Regius at the beginning of year 412, presents Augustine’s thoughts on the connections between divine grace and human freedom in a remarkably synthetic way, first because of the circumstances in which it was written, which place it at the junction of very different debates, and secondly because of its originality on a literary point of view, which links it to several genres. This thesis comprises three parts. First, we propose an introduction to the treatise, which presents its main aspects – among which, the historical problems it poses, the literary questions it raises and the insight it offers into Augustine’s way of thinking. Then we have established the edition (which corrects that of the CSEL, which dates from the beginning of the 20th century) and the translation from a study of its manuscript tradition. Finally, our commentary strives to enlighten the debatable passages of the epistle in order to highlight its main historical, literary and philosophical interests.

The knowledge and cognitive process dimensions of Technology teachers’ lesson objectives This study employs both quantitative and qualitative enquiry, which seeks to establish the nature and quality of the lesson objectives intended by Technology teachers. Technology teachers are frequently faced with the need to use technological knowledge and its methodological approaches in their development of lesson plans and in their teaching. The methodological aspect and technological knowledge of these teachers should be reflected in the framing of lesson plans containing explicit statements of lesson objectives or learning outcomes. The cognitive levels to which the objectives lead are important because of the demands placed on learners by the subject of technology. Technology inherently requires mastery of some scientific knowledge, and procedures of the technological process from needs establishment to design and fabrication of artefacts. This requires learners to achieve at the upper levels of Bloom‟s taxonomy. This is the important goal of education. The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and cognitive process dimensions of the lesson objectives in lesson plans of Technology teachers. These dimensions of Technology teachers‟ lesson objectives were mapped using the Taxonomy Table adapted from the Revised Bloom‟s Taxonomy. This study used a primarily qualitative research approach, with some quantitative analysis of data. A survey research design with limited scope was used to obtain lesson plans from Technology teachers in order to establish the nature and qualities of their lesson objectives. Lesson plans were collected from 19 teachers in three districts of Mpumalanga. These lesson plans were analysed, interpreted and discussed with sampled teachers in a focus group. With regard to the knowledge and cognitive domains of the Technology teachers‟ lesson objectives, findings from this study suggest that teachers tend to focus more on factual knowledge and less towards metacognitive knowledge, and operate at low-order level in the cognitive domain. In other words, technology learners are being taught factual knowledge at the low-order level of thinking. Technology teachers tend to have lesson objectives that are known only to them. This might imply that teaching in technology occurs without proper specific objectives. Measures need to be put in place to intensify support to Technology teachers so that they realise the importance of the formulation of lesson objectives that cover all the levels in the knowledge and cognitive domains. Furthermore, Technology teachers should be encouraged to state their lesson objectives explicitly. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / unrestricted

No abstract available. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 1966. / gm2014 / Plant Science / Unrestricted

「台灣的代工製造產業應該如何發展」的問題，是困擾PC產業的管理難題，特別是在公司面臨產品成熟、訂單驟減、毛利下滑的時刻。所有台灣的代工製造產業亟思轉型的方法和方向，但是轉型到的新的產品市場或產品也是非常複雜、動態、多重因素多相互依存及影響。屬於複雜難解的問題(Wicked Problem)、問題本身都還需要定義及釐清。本論文將列出想解決的議題並定義為服務設計的議題。 因此本研究的服務設計議題(Service Design Challenge)可定義如下:「以服務設計思維建構專業代工緯創的未來」。本論文經由訪談傳統PC產業的品牌公司、IC供應商、作業系統公司和工業PC的公司，研究過程藉由運用服務設計(Service Design)手法並發掘洞見(Insights)與價值，據此將真正符合客戶需求，在找出表面及深層需求後、設計新的服務模式，得到其反饋之後再修正設計；接著結合最新科技趨勢，例如：物聯網、工業4.0、感測器和機器手臂，以提供客戶安心的代工服務；最後希望藉由改變運營模式，達到緯創成功轉型的目標。 雖然新的科技尚未成熟，只要方向正確，這些模式或能力成熟後，可以快速讓公司保持彈性，能充分利用的資源，進行個別化差異設計。 / “How to develop the ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) industry in Taiwan” is plagued by PC industry management problems, especially for those companies facing product maturity, orders plummeted and the decline in gross margin. The ODM in Taiwan is trying to change the way and direction, but the transition to the new product market or product is very complex, dynamic and involves multiple inter-dependent factors. It is a complex problem (Wicked Problem), and the problem itself also needs to be defined and clarified. The aim of this thesis is to address and define the issues through the lens of service design. Therefore, our Service Design Challenge Problems can be defined as: “The Future of Wistron through the Service Design Lens". This thesis, through interviews with traditional PC industry brand companies, IC suppliers, operating systems companies and industrial PC companies, adopts the research process of the service design approach and explores the insights and value, which will truly meet Customer needs, identify the surface and deep demand, attain the design of new service model, and integrate the latest technology trends, such as Internet of things, industry 4.0, the sensor and the robot arm, in order to provide customers with reliable and assured ODM services. Our final hope is to change the operating mode and achieve a successful Enterprise Transformation of Wistron. Although the new technology is not yet mature, as long as the direction is correct in light of these models or abilities to mature, the company can remain flexible, make full use of resources, and create individualized design differences.

This thesis covers the topic of copyright law in schools. It is an overview of the usage of the copyright law, especially in the practice of pupils, students, teachers and other pedagogical workers. It tries to present an integrated overview of basic rules which can be used in the educational process in the areas of creation of an original work, licenses, non-contractual usage of the original works and the liabilities for breaching the copyright law. It covers the situations when the pupils, students, teachers and other pedagogical workers are the creators of an original work as well as cases when these people want to use original works created by others. A part of this thesis are comments from practice and findings based on surveys and discussions with the pupils and pedagogical staff.

The challenge of the just war theory in the post-modern era is compounded by technologic advances in warfare and the friction among state actors in a decentralized state system. The inquiry of this investigation on just war is the extent of its validity in an era that extols the sciences and human reason on the one hand and economic necessity on the other as the standard by which state actors regulate their political objectives. The thesis Just war; unjust consequences examines the longevity of the just war tradition, its moral necessity throughout history and its indispensable application in the nuclear age. Chapter 2 examines the moral foundations of the ‘two kingdoms’, which formulates the background of the just war theory, from the biblical account of the great controversy between good and evil to the formation of modern church/state relations. Within the ancient and contemporary setting, ecclesiastical and theological traditions have provided a public platform to establish moral parameters in regards to state actor intent and post-modern application, such as the U.S.-Iraq war. Chapter 3 investigates Augustine’s enduring contribution to the moral and historical formation and longevity of the just war theory. From its earliest development to its modern antecedent the just war theory has been an integral aspect of the philosophical and theological analysis distinguishing ‘why’ and ‘how’ wars are fought and the import of moral parameters to manage international conflict. Chapter 4 examines Reinhold Niebuhr’s contribution to the realist tradition and U.S. foreign policy in the 20th and 21st centuries. This section examines the impact of the modern state actor’s intent for war. The primary issue is that the classical formulation that identifies human nature as the catalyst of social disorder and war is superseded by the scientific method, which adheres to the viewpoint that war is complicated by numerous economic and political factors. Hans Morgenthau’s realist tradition of international relations theory, which advocates that humankind is the centric disruptive force by its abuse of power at all levels of human interaction especially among nations was eventually eclipsed by Kenneth Waltz’s neorealist school of thought, which shifted the culpability of war from the egocentricities of human nature to the disproportions of economic and military power among competing state actors in a decentralized state system. This shift in international relations theory within the framework of weapons of mass destruction contested the validity of the just war tradition in the nuclear age. Chapter 5 reasserts the Christian realist tradition’s viewpoint that the perpetrator for war is the individual actor within collective competitive self-interest, epitomized by the state actor. The classical model is reinstated as a plausible cause for war. It is within this framework that a contemporary adaptation of the just war moral theory is provided to contest the contemporary complexities of warfare in the 21st century. Chapter 6 investigates the practical challenges of modern warfare. The background of Operation Iraqi Freedom reveals the complications of state actor competition in international politics, and the necessity of moral parameters to thwart unwarranted state actor aggression. Finally, Chapter 7 reiterates, the prolonged necessity of the just war tradition in both the ancient and modern eras and, the import of moral parameters to thwart unwarranted state actor aggression and provides a reformulation of the just war moral theory to challenge the viewpoint that deems the utility of weapons of mass destruction as viable national security alternative and its tactical application in warfare. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014 / gm2015 / Practical Theology / PhD / Unrestricted

The main aim of my diploma thesis „The analysis of influence location and technical condition on the market value of the original farmstead“ is to judge how much are different location and technical condition projected to the unit price selected realities. Next task had to find the differences between valution the family houses and valution the original farmstead. The analytical part contains process for identificate price of the cost´s and comparative method by valid valuation regulation no. 151/1997 Sb. including lands which are formed one functional unit. It also found estimate of market value by direkt comaparison´s method based on database of bid prices of comparable objels. In this thesis are choosen five realities, free of these are defined as originál farmstead and two remaining are family houses. In the last part is carried comparison of unit price at single methods and comparison identificate price addicted on location and technical condition.

Le domaine de recherche de la chimie du fluor a connu un essor considérable. En particulier, le motif SCF3 et plus récemment les groupements SCF2R (R = H, SO2Ph, SAr, COAr, Rf) ont fait l'objet d'une attention particulière de la part de la communauté scientifique du fait de leurs propriétés remarquables. Dans ce contexte, le développement de nouvelles méthodologies et de réactifs originaux pour l'introduction de ces groupements fluorés a suscité un fort intérêt. En conséquence, les objectifs de cette thèse ont été 1) de développer de nouvelles méthodologies pour la fonctionnalisation de liaisons C(sp3)-H par l'introduction directe d'un motif SCF3 catalysée par des métaux de transition, et son extension à d'autres groupements fonctionnels ainsi que 2) de concevoir et étudier de nouveaux réactifs fluorés électrophiles. La première partie de cette thèse a été dédiée au développement d'une réaction de trifluorométhylthiolation d'amides aliphatiques catalysée au palladium, une transformation inédite (Chapitre 2). Puis, la chloration d'amides aliphatiques catalysée au palladium, dans des conditions douces, a été étudiée (Chapitre 3). Enfin, une nouvelle voie de synthèse pour accéder aux sulfénamides trifluorométhylés a été développée (Chapitre 4). Cette approche a été étendue à la préparation d'un nouveau réactif électrophile pour l'introduction du groupement SCN. De plus, un réactif électrophile original, source du motif SCF2PO(OEt)2, a été synthétisé et appliqué à la construction de liaisons C-SCF2PO(OEt)2, N-SCF2PO(OEt)2 et S-SCF2PO(OEt)2 ainsi qu'à la synthèse d'un composé d'intérêt biologique (Chapitre 4). / The organofluorine chemistry field has witnessed a very fast expansion. In particular, the SCF3 moiety and more recently the SCF2R groups (R = H, SO2Ph, SAr, COAr, Rf) have attracted a special interest from the scientific community because of their remarkable properties. In this context, the development of new methodologies and original reagents for the introduction of such fluorinated groups is particularly appealing. Therefore, the goals of this thesis were 1) to develop a new methodology for the direct introduction of the SCF3 group by transition metal-catalyzed C(sp3)-H bond functionalization and its extension to other functional groups as well as 2) to design and study new electrophilic fluorinated reagents.The first part of this Ph.D. thesis was dedicated to the development of an unprecedented Pd-catalyzed trifluoromethylthiolation of aliphatic amides by C-H bond functionalization (Chapter 2). Then, the Pd-catalyzed chlorination of aliphatic amides by C-H bond functionalization under mild conditions was investigated (Chapter 3). Finally, a newly designed strategy for the synthesis of trifluoromethanesulfenamides was elaborated (Chapter 4). This approach was extended to the preparation of a new electrophilic reagent for the thiocyanation reaction. In addition, an original electrophilic SCF2PO(OEt)2 reagent was designed and applied to the construction of C-SCF2PO(OEt)2, N-SCF2PO(OEt)2 and S-SCF2PO(OEt)2 bonds as well as to the synthesis of a biorelevant compound (Chapter 4).