Den här studien har undersökt hur psykisk ohälsa representeras på TikTok. Syftet med undersökningen var att genom netnografi observera hur användarna visar upp och diskuterar ämnet för att få en större förståelse för hur sociala medier kan användas för att sprida kunskap och medvetenhet kring psykisk ohälsa. För att genomföra analysen användes en tematisk analys och materialet analyserades utifrån både tidigare forskning samt de teoretiska perspektiven representation, offentlighetsteori och deltagarkultur. Resultatet visar att innehållet kan delas in i två huvudteman, nämligen ”egna erfarenheter” och ”professionell information”. Delteman som identifierats är ”kunskap, information och medvetenhet”, ”utmana stigmatiseringen”, ”information om behandling” samt ”ge stöd och hopp”. Vidare visade analysen att innehållet ofta visar sådant som traditionellt varit privat och inte hörts eller setts av andra, men som nu lyfts i offentliga sammanhang. Trots att sociala medier möjliggör för allt fler att delta i diskussioner visade även resultatet att det inte är alla som faktiskt deltar lika aktivt men att det ändå förekommer en hel del interaktion. Med utgångspunkt i undersökningens analys och resultat samt tidigare forskning diskuteras även vilken möjlig inverkan innehållet kan ha på stigmatiseringen kopplad till psykisk ohälsa. Diskussionen visade att innehållet, beroende på hur det pratas om, både kan bidra till en ökad eller minskad stigmatisering. / This study has examined mental health representations on TikTok by using a netnographic approach. The aim of the study has been to obtain a deeper understanding of how social media can be used to spread information and advocate for mental health issues. The method used to analyze the results was a thematic analysis. To analyze the results both previous research within the field and theoretical perspectives about representation, the public sphere and participatory culture were applied. The result show that the content can be separated into two main themes, “lived experience” and “professional information”. The subthemes identified were “knowledge, information and awareness”, “challenge stigma”, “information about treatment” and “support and hope”. The analysis showed that the content often revealed things that traditionally have been private and haven’t been seen or heard by others. Despite that social media has lowered the threshold for participation in public discussions the results showed that not everyone is actively participating. However, there was still a lot of interaction between the users that were active. Based on the analysis and result, there is also a discussion about the possible effects the content can have on the stigmatization around mental health. The discussion showed that the content has the possibility to both contribute to the stigma but also challenge it, depending on how it is talked about.

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This thesis seeks to respond to the existing dearth of work on practical matters of intersemiotic translation in translation studies thus far by turning to other disciplines that have explored comparable phenomena in greater depth. In particular, in the current atmosphere of media convergence and transmedia production, characterized by the ubiquity of adaptations, remakes, spin-offs, and sequels in the entertainment industry, cross-media adaptation represents one of the most common and prominent forms of intersemiotic translation. Therefore, the various fields of inquiry related to current phenomena of intersemiotic translation, including adaptation studies, film studies, fan studies, and media studies in general, offer relevant and informative models for expanding our understanding of success in intersemiotic translation. The methodology employed involves an interdisciplinary descriptive approach, using examples of cross-media adaptation found in the works of one successful intersemiotic translator, Joss Whedon. Acknowledging the contextually contingent nature of any such case study, the findings of this thesis identify all three participants in cultural production—form, producer, and audience—as active contributors in the successful production and perpetuation of intersemiotic translations. In particular, this thesis explores possible causes of success in relation to specific cross-media adaptations, proposes attributes of the successful intersemiotic translator, and examines how the reiterative behaviors of active audiences, such as rereading, reinterpretation, and rewriting, help to extend a work’s success. The capacity to inspire a continuing tradition of translation is itself a key contributing factor to the success of an intersemiotic translation and is most often performed with the collaboration of a community of interpreters. Achieving success is therefore a collective endeavor and a continual process of sustaining a work’s presence in the collective consciousness by renewing its value across temporal, cultural, and semiotic systems. Based on these findings, notions of form, production, and reception in intersemiotic translation are understood by proposing a model of convergent translation, the notion of the auteur-translator, and a collaborative understanding of the construction of a text and its significance through the afterlife of translation.

This study investigates the individual experience of viewing fan art and creative works within fandom, as well as the community’s potential to be a place for learning or to develop creative skills. I approach the fandom of Final Fantasy XIV, a massive multiplayer online game, on the online platform Tumblr, asking for fans’ experience with creative content and community connections. Through inspiration by Henry Jenkins, Olga Goriunova, Kristina Busse, and others, we learn the intricacies of what criteria defines communities, their adaptation to the expansion of the internet and how art has previously been used through online connections. What it is like to be an artist in a space so full of the influx of viewer opinions, other artists and their works, and the invisible ideals created by the communities. Fandom and online community studies are currently an expanding area of interest within the humanities with much still to learn. This study provides a picture of what fandom looks like from the perspective of the fans who actively participate in the culture. Fans find fan art and creative works within fandom to be more personal, inspiring, and a way to find likeminded individuals to connect with. At the same time fans are very aware of the issues fan art and the fandom has, both in terms of ethical and political questions. I believe this study sets up the potential to consider a multitude of future studies that can provide to a better understanding of the fandom culture and visual arts that occur online.

El presente trabajo analiza la transculturalidad en los comentarios del video de Damaris Sharel en la plataforma de Youtube. El concepto de fandom transcultural se viene estudiando por diversos autores del mundo, especialmente en una era en la que la globalización de los medios por medio del internet se ha expandido notoriamente. Específicamente, el fandom de K-Pop ha sido objeto de estudio en esta investigación para poder observar esta característica transcultural que afecta significativamente en los valores, actitudes e identidades de la comunidad K-Pop. Se usa al fandom K-Pop y los comentarios de estos en un video de una Youtuber llamada Damaris Shariel con el tema central de cómo llegó ella a vivir en Corea del Sur para poder investigar este aspecto transcultural que tendría esta comunidad y además establecer cómo afecta a los individuos dentro de ella. / This work analyzes transculturality in the comments of Damaris Sharel's video on the YouTube platform. The concept of cross-cultural fandom has been studied by various authors around the world, especially in an era in which the globalization of media through the internet has expanded dramatically. Specifically, the K-Pop fandom has been the object of study in this research to be able to observe this cross-cultural characteristic that significantly affects the values, attitudes and identities of the K-Pop community. The K-Pop fandom and their comments are used in a video by a Youtuber named Damaris Shariel with the central theme of how she came to live in South Korea in order to investigate this cross-cultural aspect that this community would have and also establish how it affects to the individuals within it. / Trabajo de investigación

This dissertation examines the role of material in six selected zines from subcultural, artistic and activist circles. The work deals with printed micro media with a small reach and is based on the concepts of alternative media, gives a brief overview of theoretical perspectives on zines from subcultural studies, through fan studies and participatory culture. The thesis is critical of the concepts and calls for the enrichment of existing perspectives, mostly consolidated in old (post- marxist) materialism: specifically, for a reflection on post-digital culture and new materialism, which allows us to reconsider the role of material in the production and distribution of zines. The case study combines personal interviews and content analysis with an emphasis on material and ethnography of the spaces where zines are formed and transmitted. Based on Bourdieu's field theory, the study conceptualises the zine scene as a field of zine production and seeks to radically contextualise the traffic between bodies, spaces, paper and other materials, machines, and finally capital (economic and subcultural). The theoretical apparatus allows to examine the changing role of zines in the post-digital age when information shifts from sowers to platforms of emotion and touch. The main argument of the thesis is that...

Les échanges au sujet de phénomènes paranormaux sont présents et bien installés sur le web. Le choix de plateformes qui s’offre aux utilisateurs est vaste pour partager son expérience avec les autres. Certains choisissent Reddit et particulièrement des subreddits dédiés au paranormal. Ce mémoire analyse une communauté en ligne, active sur le subreddit r/Ghosts, constituée de fans des phénomènes paranormaux. Je m’interroge sur les moyens mis en œuvre par cette communauté pour interagir dans le but de faire sens de la question de la potentielle existence des fantômes. À l’aide de concepts comme l’interactionnisme symbolique, la culture participative et l’intelligence collective, j’ai analysé une quarantaine d’interactions textuelles issues d’un partage de contenu médiatique. Les membres de la communauté, appelés redditors, interagissent pour trouver des solutions à des énigmes perçues comme étant de nature paranormale, mais aussi pour discuter et se divertir. Ces redditors interagissent avec différentes valeurs et croyances, parfois partagées. / The web is awash with conversations about paranormal activity. There are a lot of platforms on which users can share their experience. Some choose to pick Reddit and particularly subreddits dedicated to the paranormal. This master’s thesis studies the subreddit r/Ghosts, an online community (OC) dedicated to ghosts. Here, I question the means used by this OC to make sense of the possible existence of ghosts via interaction. Using theories and concepts such as symbolic interactionism, participatory culture, and collective intelligence, I studied over forty textual interactions initiated by a post including a media (picture, video, or audio). The redditors of r/Ghosts interact with each other to figure out paranormal enigmas but also to simply discuss or for entertainment purposes. They interact with different values and beliefs that they sometimes share.

Denna studie fokuserar på fankulturen kring tv-serien Dahmer – Monster: The Jeffrey Dahmer Story på TikTok. Studien ämnar att undersöka hur TikTok-videor romantiserar och sexualiserar skådespelaren Evan Peters, som spelar Jeffrey Dahmer i serien. Undersökningen analyserar representationen av karaktären i TikTok-videor och om dessa Dahmer-TikToks bidrar till romantiserandet av seriemördare generellt. Forskningen inkluderar en multimodal diskursanalys av visuellt material från TikTok samt en enkätundersökning för att samla in TikTok-användarnas attityder och uppfattningar. Enkätresultaten indikerar att majoriteten av respondenterna har stött på den typen av Dahmer-TikToks som undersöks, och en betydande andel tolkar dem som romantiserande eller sexualiserande. Undersökningen visar att den sociokulturella traditionen för hur människor betraktar seriemördare kan vara på väg att förändras på grund av spridningen av romantiserande och sexualiserande Dahmer-TikToks. Tv-serien och dess TikTok-trend har även gett upphov till en fankultur; användare skapar, delar och engagerar sig i romantiska videor om Dahmer för att följa trenden. Sammanfattningsvis belyser studien fenomenet av Dahmer-TikToks med sexuella, romantiska eller objektifierande anspelningar, och indikerar en potentiell förändring i samhällets diskurs kring seriemördare. / This study focuses on the fan culture surrounding the TV series Dahmer – Monster: The Jeffrey Dahmer Story on TikTok. It aims to investigate how TikTok videos romanticize and sexualize the actor Evan Peters, who plays Jeffrey Dahmer in the series. The study analyzes the representation of the character in TikTok videos and explores whether these Dahmer-TikToks contribute to the romanticization of serial killers in general. The research includes a multimodal discourse analysis of visual material from TikTok and a survey to gather TikTok users' attitudes and perceptions. The survey findings indicate that the majority of respondents have encountered the type of Dahmer-TikToks investigated, and a significant percentage interpret them as romanticizing or sexualizing. The study suggests that the socio-cultural tradition of how people view serial killers may be changing due to the distribution of romanticized and sexualized Dahmer-TikToks. The analysis aligns with the survey results, supporting the premise of the thesis. The TV series and its respective TikTok trend have also spawned a fan culture; users create, share, and engage with romantic videos of Dahmer. Overall, the study highlights the presence of videos with sexual, romantic, or objectifying elements related to Dahmer on TikTok and indicates a potential shift in societal discourse regarding serial killers.

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Syftet med detta arbete har varit att undersöka hur BookTok används av bokhandlare och bibliotek. Till hjälp har ett teoretiskt ramverk använts bestående av Uses and Gratification,symboliskt kapital samt deltagarkultur. Utifrån detta ramverk har det gjort semistrukturerade intervjuer som analyserats med hjälp av fenomenografiska metoder. Intervjuer gjordes med tre bibliotek och två bokhandlar i södra Sverige under hösten 2023.  I analysen av materialet kunde fyra teman särskiljas utifrån huvudfrågeställningen – hur använder bokhandlare och bibliotek BookTok? Dessa fyra teman är BookTok som arbetsverktyg, kontaktyta, kreativ yta och symboliskt kapital. Analysen av de olika teman ger oss en idé om hur verksamheternas deltagande ser ut på plattformen samt hur bokhandlarna och biblioteken själva ser på deras användning av BookTok. / This study aims to understand how bookstores and libraries make use of  BookTok.  A theoretical framework has been used consisting of the Uses and Gratification theory, symbolic capital theory and participatory culture theory. Along the lines of this theoretical framework, semi structured interviews were designed with the help of a phenomenographic approach. The interviews were held during the autumn of 2023. Three libraries and two bookstores participated. In the analysis, four themes were detected in regards to the question at issue – How do bookshops and libraries make use of BookTok? The four themes are BookTok as a work tool, contact area, creative space and symbolic capital. The analysis of different themes gives us an idea of the operations participation on the grounds of TikTok – as well as their own perception of their BookTok use.