Collection of waste is one of the most important public services provided by municipalities. This expenditure has a significant impact on the budget of the municipality and therefore it is important to know the factors that affect it. In addition to other factors, there can exist a phenomenon called suburbanization. This phenomenon of recent years, the city has been extended in width, which is followed by a reduction in population density. Carruthers and Úlfarsson (2008) in his work write that for many public services, the cost per unit, ie per person or household, higher output at low population density, because here you can not take advantage of economies of scale that are achievable, if users are concentrated in one place. This work seeks to examine whether this hypothesis is true for czech villages. On data from hundred municipalities in the Czech Republic for the year 2011 were able to demonstrate that if population density rises by 1 %, expenditure on collection of municipal waste will decrease by 10,41 CZK per capita.

Orientadora: Marcela Aparecida Guerreiro Machado / Coorientadora: Andréia Maria Pedro Salgado / Banca: Andréia Maria Pedro Salgado / Banca: Otávio José de Oliveira / Banca: Marilsa de Sá Rodrigues / Resumo: Esta dissertação foi elaborada a partir de pesquisas no meio científico, analisando o cenário nacional e internacional no que diz respeito aos temas gestão de recursos humanos, gestão pública, treinamento e desenvolvimento, usou-se ainda como fonte da pesquisa dados de outros Institutos Federais e questionário com questões objetivas e discursivas, respondido por servidores estáveis de duas unidades do IFRR. Com isto, busca-se apresentar a influência das ações de gestão de pessoas, principalmente a relacionada ao treinamento de servidores recém-empossados, visando o desenvolvimento satisfatório dos serviços públicos prestados por estes servidores, e da consequente satisfação dos gestores da instituição. Deste modo, é importante estudar as necessidades existentes nos serviços prestados pelo sistema público, para então promover ações de treinamento e desenvolvimento que facilitem no atingimento das competências exigidas pelos clientes e instituição. Este é um contexto pouco explorado cientificamente principalmente, através da proposta do aperfeiçoamento profissional por meio da capacitação, promovido pela administração pública. Assim, esta pesquisa destinada à elaboração de uma proposta de capacitação para servidores em estágio probatório na Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica, possibilitará ser empregada em outras instituições da Rede Federal, facilitando assim, o desempenho de competências e valores importantes na vida do novo profissional. A adotaç... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This dissertation is based on scientific sources analyzing the national and international scenario regarding human resources management, public management, training and development. Data from other Federal Institutes of Vocational, Scientific and Technological Education as well as some questionnaires with objective and discursive questions, answered by permanent staff of two IFRR campuses, were used as research sources. The purpose of this paper was to present the influence of people management actions, especially those related to the training of new employees, aiming at the satisfactory development of the public services provided by them and the consequent satisfaction of their institutional managers. Thus, the importance of studying the needs of services provided by the Brazilian public sector was evident, so that training and development actions could be carried out that enabled the achievement of the competencies required by the clientele and by the institution. Considering that the professional improvement by means of training actions promoted by the public administration is a context little explored scientifically in Brazil, this research was designed to elaborate a training proposal for government employees, in probationary stage, in the Brazilian Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education, which may be used by any Federal Network institution, in order to facilitate the performance of competencies and add important values to the career of the newbie professionals. The adoption of this proposal will reduce failures and deficiencies in service delivery, since the results of this proposal suggest that the adoption of human resources management, from training and development of the workforce, as well as the policies of professional motivation, ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the relationship between expenditures on local public services and the net migration rate for Swedish urban and rural municipalities. Data from Statistics Sweden over all Swedish municipalities between 2004 and 2014 was used for the empirical analysis. The data also included control variables to control for differences in economic and demographic conditions in the municipalities. The result found using pooled OLS with instrumental variables reveals great differences on the significance of local service expenditure in relation to migration for the two types of municipalities. Childcare was found to be of great significance for rural regions. In contrast, social assistance had a positive association in urban regions while it had a negative insignificant correlation in rural regions. Moreover, culture and education were found to be insignificant in relation to migration for both regions. The results also showed similarities such as elderly care and local taxes were significantly negatively correlated with migration in both type of regions. Overall, the results show that certain local services, such as childcare, are correlated with migration. Nevertheless, economic conditions such as low local taxes, presence of a university campus and having low unemployment are as well of importance to attract residents to both types of municipalities.

Energy is a basic need for the overall growth and improvements of people’s living standard.But around 2 to 3 billion people in the world have no access to electric lighting. Like otherdeveloping countries the rural electrification in Ethiopia is very low and government takessome actions to promote the investment in these areas but due to economic constraints andlow level of technological advancement the growth is very low.This study focuses on solar PV based rural electrification, its impact on environment andsocio-economic development in Rema village. Three cases studies: typical households,small scale business center and public services are considered for systematic study.Interviews from villagers, existing energy system, literature data and HOMER software areused to calculate energy demand and cost of electrification. A comparison between theresults is carried out.According to the village survey the existing PV home system has a positive impact on a socioeconomic development of the village of Rema. Solar PV electricity can be used in generatingincomes. It is also used for climate mitigation by curbing CO2 emission and can be used forclimate adaptation by reducing the deforestation and facilitate carbon sequestration. PVbased electrification of health center and schools have played a vital role in improving thequality of services. The presence of refrigerator helped to have vaccines and medicines4preserved for different types of killer diseases. The teaching-learning process of schoolsimproved due the presence of electricity. The solar powered water supply in near areasreduced the time required for fetching water and made girls to focus on their education.Most villagers has positive attitude towards the technology but unsatisfied with the currentsystem size. The high level of technical skills required for maintenance and the small numberof solar technicians’ available in the village is also a problem reported in the village. HOMERsoftware is used to model the existing energy system and the required energy demandbefore PV based rural electrification and after PV based rural electrification. A new model isdeveloped depending on the villagers demand. . Modeling result shows that 3 kWP and 12kWP were found to be enough to fulfill the demand in clinics and schools with an initialinvestment of 18576 and 80704US$, respectively and a PV size of 165 Wp, 250 Wp and 350Wp is required for households with agriculture only, mixed and small scale business income,respectively. This led a requirement of initial capital of US$ 654, 1848 and 2339,respectively. However, these initial investments are unaffordable for most of the villagers.PV systems required for households with agriculture only, has lower investment per Wattthan others, while investment per Watt for small scale business has lower than householdswith mixed type. Therefore, the battery size plays an important role in the investment,operation and maintenance costs.The two main problems associated with solar PV in rural electrification are financial capabilityand technical problems. These problems can be curbed by loan arrangement and trainingthe villagers. But to make sustainable it must be used for income generating activities.

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Целью исследования является развитие маркетингового подхода в организации и оказании государственных услуг в сфере социального обеспечения, а также разработка проекта по повышению качества предоставления государственных услуг, оказываемых Управлением социальной политики по Октябрьскому району города Екатеринбурга. Объектом исследования является маркетинговый подход в организации и оказании государственных услуг в сфере социального обеспечения. Методы исследования: анализ нормативных правовых актов, теоретической литературы, сравнительный анализ, статистический анализ, социологический метод. В процессе исследования проанализированы теоретические аспекты маркетингового подхода в организации и оказании государственных услуг в сфере социального обеспечения, проанализированы организация и оказание государственных услуг в сфере социального обеспечения в исполнительном органе государственной власти субъекта РФ, а именно, в Управлении социальной политики по Октябрьскому району города Екатеринбурга. Результатом работы стала разработка проекта «Повышение качества оказания государственных услуг в сфере социальной политики». / The aim of the study is to develop a marketing approach in the organization and provision of public services in the field of social security, as well as to develop a project to improve the quality of public services provided by the Department of Social Policy in the Oktyabrsky District of Yekaterinburg. The object of research is a marketing approach to the organization and provision of public services in the field of social security. Research methods: analysis of regulatory legal acts, theoretical literature, comparative analysis, statistical analysis, sociological method. In the process of research, the theoretical aspects of the marketing approach in the organization and provision of public services in the field of social security were analyzed, the organization and provision of public services in the field of social security was analyzed in the executive body of the government of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, namely, in the Department of Social Policy for the Oktyabrsky District of Yekaterinburg. The result of the work was the development of the project "Improving the quality of public services in the field of social policy."

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2020 / The Low-cost housing delivery programme was launched at the dawn of democracy under the negotiated housing policy in year 1994 with the aim of addressing the backlog in housing provisioning. The programme was also meant to address the past injustices. The democratic government launched Batho Pele Principles in the year 1997 as a framework within which public services would be provided. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of adherence to Batho Pele Principles in the provisioning of low-cost housing services by the Cooperative Governance Human Settlements and Traditional Affairs Department in Limpopo Province.The qualitative research methods were applied to generate data relevant for the study. The study involved the reviewing of secondary data available in the department in the form of Annual performance plans, Annual performance reports, Service delivery improvement plan, Service standards, Citizens’ report and minutes taken during departmental self-evaluation meetings. The findings reveal that CoGHSTA underperformed on delivery of low-cost houses targets for three consecutive years. The underperformance was attributed to protracted procurement of service providers and non-approval of application forms due to insufficient/irrelevant information provided by the applicants. Inadequate consultation and involvement of beneficiaries prior to and during the implementation of low-cost housing projects appeared to be a major issue of concern. The adherence to Batho Pele Principles was not adequately implemented. The study recommends that enhancement of housing consumer education will help a great deal in reducing the number of application forms with insufficient/irrelevant information being submitted for processing. The appointment of service providers during the year preceding the implementation year would provide ample time for planning.

La présente thèse de doctorat propose une étude empirique des liens existant entre la sphère politique et la gestion des services publics locaux en France. Les municipalités sont confrontées à un choix lorsqu’elles doivent administrer leurs services publics : elles peuvent fournir un service en régie ou l’externaliser, et ainsi conclure des contrats avec le secteur privé. Dans un premier temps, ces arrangements conclus entre des entités publiques et privées sont analysés, et l’influence des motivations électorales des maires sur les renégociations contractuelles est révélée. Dans un second temps, les facteurs influençant les choix des maires entre gestion directe et externalisation sont étudiés. L’idéologie des maires successifs d’une ville apparaît comme un déterminant fondamental de la proportion de services publics gérés en régie. Enfin, le recours simultané à la régie et à l’externalisation pour un même service public est analysé, et il apparaît que ce choix est davantage stratégique que politique. Cette thèse de doctorat contribue à améliorer notre compréhension de la gestion des services publics locaux, et établit l’importance des facteurs politiques dans l’étude de cette dernière. / This dissertation offers an empirical investigation of the links between the political sphere and the management of local public services in France. When they administer public services, local governments can decide either to provide a service in-house,or to externalize its management, and therefore conclude contracts with private entities.First, these public-private contracts are analyzed, and the major influence of mayors’ electoral motives on contractual renegotiations is revealed. Second, the drivers of the choice between internal provision and externalization of public services are studied. The political affiliation of successive mayors is found to be a major determinant of the proportion of public services provided in-house. Finally, the decision to provide one public service using simultaneously in-house provisionand externalization is studied, and it appears that this choice is more motivated by pragmatism rather than ideology. This dissertation contributes to add knowledge to the understanding of the management of local public services, and highlights the importance of political factors in the study of the latter.

The aim of this master’s thesis is to examine how collaboration is represented in guiding documents and practice concerning reading promotional work towards children and youth within Sandviken’s cultural center’s public library and the house of literature. This is examined through a case study of the public library’s and the house of literature’s activities for children and youth, with a focus on how collaboration affects the organizations work towards these target groups. The empirical material consists of legal texts from national, regional and municipal levels, documents, and guidelines for the two organizations, as well as qualitative interviews with librarians and activity developers within the library and house of literature’s practices. The empirical material is analyzed with the use of Kajsa Lindberg’s organizational definition of collaboration and focuses on how collaboration is perceived, motivated, what unifying objects that exist between different professions and which promoting and inhibitory aspects that can be identified. The analysis shows that motives behind collaboration often involve different categories of motives at once and that they synergize with one another. Librarians and developers experience collaboration as more fruitful when sprung from practice rather than from directives stated in documents. However, the result from this thesis indicates that the documents have a valuable function in putting collaboration on the agenda within public libraries and making decisions to establish and invest in such activities more legitimate. The results further indicate that the organizations within the case have promoting prerequisites that are specific for their local context such as engaged politicians and a strong local cultural tradition, but that the benefits that can be identified in some measures can be achieved elsewhere using the prerequisites at hand. This is a two years master’s thesis in Library and Information science.

The use of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) by governments on all continents has been rapidly growing as government departments and their agencies continue to look for improvised means of providing high quality services. In South Africa, the demand for the replacement of the aging government infrastructure has led to the increase in the use of PPPs. The PPPs are not only used for the improvement of roads, but also in the provision of social services and many other services that are traditionally a responsibility of government. Government institutions typically enter into relationships with PPPs to address their needs and to meet specific objectives. It is, therefore, up to these institutions to choose an ideal model of procurement that best addresses their objectives of delivering effective services (Palmer, 2009:Online). Government institutions will, however, only enter into relationship with PPPs if the services can be transferred in a responsible way and if the risks for failure are limited. Inefficiencies in the disbursement of social assistance grants by the South African Social Security Agency (SASSA) has received much attention and criticism from the stakeholders as the company contracted to perform the work on behalf of SASSA continues to provide poor quality services. In assessing a PPP, countries providing social security transfers need to take into consideration a partner that will assist in establishing and implementing the payment design and distribution mechanism that is capable of facilitating the cost effective, reliable and practical delivery of cash to the grant beneficiaries. A comprehensive review of literature and empirical investigation was carried out to respond to the research study’s set objectives. The study explored a wide-ranging survey of PPP projects in developed and developing countries focusing on the use of the PPP model in the South African context with specific reference to the disbursement of social grants by the SASSA. Alternative procurement methodologies in government were also reviewed. An analysis of relevant procurement theories was undertaken to form the basis of the research study. The mini-dissertation explores if there are any advantages for the government, and more specifically the SASSA, in using PPPs as opposed to traditional procurement methods. The study attempts to establish if a private partner can be encouraged to provide long-term investment in terms of expertise; well qualified staff; technology; infrastructure; and creation of an environment conducive for highly effective service delivery where the return on such investment is not guaranteed. / MA (Public Administration), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015