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Introduction. La détresse émotionnelle est inhérente au parcours du patient à qui l’on annonce un cancer primitif ou récidivant. Cette étude a deux objectifs fondamentaux : (1) identifier différentes trajectoires de détresse de patients présentant un cancer et (2) identifier et étudier les déterminants de ces trajectoires de détresse émotionnelle de ces patients de l’annonce d’un cancer primitif ou d’une récidive et durant les neuf mois de traitement qui suiventMéthode. 286 patients ont été évalués un mois, 3, 6 et 9 mois après le diagnostic de cancer. Les variables de personnalité (névrosisme et l'optimisme) et les variables transactionnelles (contrôle perçu, coping, le soutien social et qualité de la relation) ont été mesurées. La détresse psychologique a été évaluée avec l’HAD.Résultats. Quatre trajectoires de détresse émotionnelle ont été identifiées : une trajectoire « résiliente » (40.1%) qui présente un niveau de détresse émotionnelle bas qui se maintient durant les neuf mois qui suivent l’annonce, une trajectoire « différée » (37.63%) qui présente un niveau de détresse émotionnelle bas, qui tend à augmenter légèrement et de façon linéaire durant les trois premiers mois et restent stable et inférieur aux seuils au-delà, une trajectoire « récupérante » (19.58%) qui présente un niveau de détresse émotionnelle significatif qui tend à augmenter légèrement et de façon linéaire durant les trois premiers mois et restent stables au-delà et une trajectoire « chronique » (2.77%) qui présente une détresse élevée et constante. S’il apparaît que ce soit davantage les variables de personnalité qui distinguent les trajectoires « résiliente » et « chronique », ce serait la profondeur du soutien social qui différencierait particulièrement les trajectoires « détresse différée » et « récupérante », engendrant le recours à des stratégies de coping différentes. Cependant, cette étude n’a pas pu mettre en évidence de résultats significatifs concernant la variable « sentiment de contrôle ».Conclusion. Nos résultats semblent soutenir l’idée que des personnes, confrontées à des événements de vie stressants, isolés et potentiellement très perturbateurs comme le diagnostic de cancer primitif ou récidivant, parviendraient à maintenir des niveaux de fonctionnements psychologique et physique relativement stables et sains. Cependant, nous n’avons pas observé de diminution du niveau de détresse des patients pendant la première année après le diagnostic du cancer primitif ou de récidive. / Introduction. Emotional distress is a significant problem for patients with cancer experience and particularly recurrence. We aim to (a) identify distinct trajectories of psychological distress in the first year after primitive cancer diagnosis or recurrence treated with chimiotherapy and (b) explore possible determinants of these trajectories, that is personal (neuroticism, optimism) and transactional (control, coping, social support, quality of relation) characteristics.Method. 286 patients were assessed after diagnosis in the reentry phase of treatment and in the survivorship phase: 3, 6 and 9 months after the diagnosis announce. Personality (neuroticism and optimism) and transactional variables (coping, social support and quality of relation) have been measured. Psychological distress was assessed with HAD scale.Results. There were four trajectories of distress: a group “resilient” (40.1%) that experienced no or low distress, a group “delayed” (37.63%) that experienced no signifcative distress but levels of depression and emotional distress, which tend to increase slightly and linearly during the first three months and remain stable and below the thresholds beyond, a group “recovery” (19.58%) that experienced signifcative distress, which tend to increase slightly and linearly during the first three months and remain stable and below the thresholds beyond, and a group “chronic” (2.77%) that experienced chronic distress. Variables of Personality and transactional variables could distinguish the distress trajectories. No significant results have been found with perceived control Conclusion. Most patients were not distressed or only temporarily so, in response to primitive cancer or recurrence. However, emotional distress of patients has not decreased during the first year after primitive cancer diagnosis or recurrence.

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal determinar la incidencia de los factores a partir de la Teoría del Comportamiento Planeado (TPB) en la intención de compra online en el rubro vestido de los jóvenes nacidos entre los años 1994 y 2000 del NSE A, B y C de Lima Metropolitana durante el 2020. Se presentarán como parte de la investigación la definición de comercio electrónico, la evolución de este tanto a manera mundial como nacional, la industria textil en el Perú y las características de la Generación Y de Lima Metropolitana. Asimismo, se presentarán como base teórica las distintas teorías de modelos de adopción de tecnologías. Se empleó un estudio cuantitativo de alcance descriptivo, diseño no experimental y corte transeccional. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo a través de una encuesta aplicada a una muestra de 384 jóvenes pertenecientes al grupo objetivo y, en base a los resultados obtenidos y mediante el uso de la herramienta SPSS, se realizaron tanto un análisis descriptivo como uno factorial. Gracias a ello se comprobó que los factores del TPB sí influyen en la intención de compra online del grupo objetivo estudiado en el rubro vestido. / The main objective of this research is to determine the factors from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) that significantly affect online purchase intention in the clothing industry of young people born between the years 1994 and 2000 that belong to the A, B, and C socioeconomic status of Metropolitan Lima during 2020. As part of the research, the definition of e-commerce, its evolution at global and national level, the clothing industry in Peru and the characteristics of Metropolitan Lima’s Generation Y will be presented. Likewise, the different theories of the Adoption Technologies Models will be developed as a theoretical basis. A quantitative study, descriptive research and non-experimental transectional design were used. Data collection was carried out through a survey applied to a sample of 384 young people belonging to the target group and, based on the results obtained and using the SPSS tool, both a descriptive and a factorial analysis were performed . It was verified that the TPB factors do influence the online purchase intention of the target group studied in the clothing category. / Tesis

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在網際網路普及率高居不下的時代裡，知識工作者平日使用網路之時間比例已有逐年升高的趨勢。在這種潮流下，工作場域中知識工作者花費於網路訊息傳播的時間，佔用工作時間之比率驚人，尤以電子郵件為甚。對於使用電子郵件所產生的問題，使用者似乎感到能力不足，而且在面對超載的資訊流通量時，更覺得難以應付。因為個人不佳的電子郵件使用習慣所引發的問題，都會直接或間接衝擊到時間資源的運用以及增加時間的壓力。因此，瞭解如何有效處理電子郵件，對於知識工作者的生產力非常重要。 本研究採用Creswell所提出之三階段混合方法探討研究議題。首先，第一階段採用質性之焦點群體訪談法，瞭解知識工作者典型的電子郵件使用行為。第二階段以大樣本的調查研究，探討知識工作者的人格主動性如何經由電子郵件管理行為影響其電子郵件使用時間控制感及工作時間控制感，並以社會認知理論及目標設定理論之整合觀點探討。第三階段以實地實驗的方式，在實際組織場域中進行員工電子郵件管理教育訓練，以觀察是否能產生訓練遷移之效果，亦即提升受訓者之電子郵件自我效能、電子郵件時間管理行為及電子郵件使用時間控制感。 第一階段焦點群體訪談的重要結論包括：1)使用者被電子郵件支配著，但他們往往毫無知覺；2)日常工作使用上，電子郵件的弱點卻變成其強項；3)具有資訊系統背景的使用者，不必然會使用電子郵件工具的複雜功能；4)電子郵件被認為是平面媒體，而非即時互動媒體；5)電子郵件在工作場合，已經大幅度地取代面對面溝通；6)電子郵件使用者習慣性地使用副本轉寄功能，但並非出於真正的需要；7)使用者並不常將工作或個人電子郵件分開處理；8)使用者非常珍惜學習電子郵件功能的機會，但機會並非輕鬆即能獲得。有關以上相關結論及看法間之對照情況也在本文中提及。另外，本階段也歸納出有效率使用電子郵件之方法，並據以發展下一階段調查研究法之問卷。 第二階段經由251位知識工作者之分析結果顯示，人格主動性透過電子郵件時間管理行為及電子郵件自我效能，可以推測電子郵件使用時間控制感及工作時間控制感。此外，電子郵件自我效能較高者，其電子郵件時間管理行為的評量分數也較高。 第三階段實地實驗共涵蓋280位受測者，其中實驗組有175位，控制組有105位。ANCOVA分析之結果顯示，相較於控制組，實驗組之受測者經過教育訓練後展現較高的電子郵件自我效能及較佳的電子郵件時間控制感，但是受測者於訓練後並未投入更多心力於電子郵件時間管理行為。此外，接受此電子郵件訓練課程一個月後，平均每一位受訓者節省約17%之電子郵件使用時間。 / At the high widespread rate of the Internet era, the time spent on the Internet among knowledge workers has gradually increased. Because of this trend, these people have spent an alarming proportion of their work time on message communications tools, such as emails. Problems arising from e-mail management make users helpless particularly when they have to deal with information overload. Problems caused by inefficient e-mail use would directly/ indirectly affect the time resource, inevitably increasing time pressure to the workers. Therefore, it is essential for knowledge workers to understand how to use e-mail efficiently to heighten their productivity. This study adopted Creswell’s three-phases mixed methods to investigate our research issues. First, this study investigates the e-mail usage behavior of knowledge workers through an in-depth literature review and a focus group discussion. Then, a sample survey method, along with a social cognitive theory and a goal setting theory, was adopted to investigate how personality affects perceived control of time in the context of e-mail handling. The third phase includes a quasi-experimental field study carried out in an organizational setting to examine the effects of an e-mail management training program on e-mail self-efficacy, e-mail-specific time management behavior, and time control over e-mail use. The important findings in phase one include : 1) people are ruled by e-mail, but they think otherwise; 2) in daily usage, many weaknesses of e-mail are turned into strengths; 3) an information system background does not necessarily lead to sophistication in using e-mail tools; 4) e-mail is regarded as a print medium rather than an interactive medium; 5) e-mail to a large extent replaces face-to-face communication in the workplace; 6) e-mail users use the carbon copy and forwarding features habitually and not out of necessity; 7) users do not usually handle work-related and personal e-mail messages separately; and 8) users seek opportunities to learn about e-mail functionality out of convenience, but these are not attained with ease. A contrast between these findings and conventional wisdom concludes this study. In addition, we also conclude efficient e-mail usage approaches in this phase and develop the questionnaire for the next stage. Based on data collected from 251 knowledge workers in second phase, the results show that personality predicts perceived control of time in e-mail handling and work through both e-mail-specific time management behavior and e-mail self-efficacy. In addition, higher e-mail self-efficacy leads to improved e-mail-specific time management behavior. The field experiment in third phase includes 280 subjects, with 175 subjects in the experimental group, and 105 subjects in the control group, the ANCOVA results show that, after the training, the subjects exhibited greater e-mail self-efficacy and better time control over e-mail use but not paid more attention to e-mail-specific time management behavior According to the study reported here, this employee training program leads to a perceived time saving of about 17%.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the magnitude, behavioural issues and other contributing factors for alcohol and substance abuse, in order to develop a strategy for alcohol and substance abuse among Ethiopian university students. Method: An explorative, mixed method approach research was used. Data were collected from adolescents at Arbaminch and Wolaita Sodo universities that were purposively selected for this study. Review of literature resulted in the researcher developing questionnaire items for quantitative data (N=738) (Annexure F). Framework: The theory of planned behavior change was applied to guide the study. The theory was applied to enable understanding of behavioural intentions, individual attitudes and subjective norms surrounding performance of a specific behavior. This theory was applied to understand the problem among the student and as a framework for developing the strategy. Research Findings: The study highlighted alcohol and substance abuse among the university students was widespread. Behavioural findings showed that respondents have favorable attitudes but no intention to discontinue the use of alcohol and substances. Various factors including behavioural, environmental and policy issues have contributed to the problem. However, intervention packages and strategies to respond to the growing problem were non-existent or very minimal. Conclusion: Alcohol and substance abuse among university students has become global public health problem. However, university management did not have plans in place to attend to the problem. The researcher envisages that the implementation of these strategies would provide a workable intervention in reducing alcohol and substance abuse among students at the Ethiopian Higher Learning Centres. Recommendations: University management should step in and initiate urgent intervention measures. Adequate coordination among various stakeholders to respond to such a multi-dimensional problem is a necessity. The parliament has to revisit the current alcohol, drug and substance advertisement, circulation and trading related legislations including the use of ‘Khat which is Ethiopia’s unique problem. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)