Esta pesquisa trata de reconhecer e localizar na obra do escritor francês Georges Perec (1936-1982) o que instiga uma produção significativa ligada à Arte Contemporânea por meio do diálogo com três artistas: Arman, Joe Brainard e Édouard Levé. A parte da sua obra que interessa à pesquisa é aquela fixada no real, no espaço, nos lugares, nos rituais e procedimentos repetitivos, no cotidiano e nas coisas materiais que constroem um mundo de desimportâncias um mundo comum que serve de pano de fundo às ações diárias do banal urbano. A pesquisa está dividida em três capítulos, cada um deles centrado numa maneira particular de agrupar as coisas: no primeiro, dedicado à acumulação, procura-se diferenciar a coisa do objeto e identificar como os valores da sociedade de consumo se apresentam nas obras de Perec e de Arman; no segundo, dedicado à coleção, o interesse são as coisas comuns, o cotidiano indistinto, e a formulação de regras que ajudam Perec e Joe Brainard a compor um sentido para seus fragmentos de lembranças; já no terceiro e último capítulo, é o arquivo que guarda documentos, resultado de projetos de seus criadores, que vai permitir a Perec e a Édouard Levé encararem seus não-lugares para revelar o que acontece quando não acontece nada. / This research aims at recognizing and locating, in the work of the French writer Georges Perec (1936-1982), some of the elements of his production that can be seen as significantly linked to Contemporary Art. This process of recognizing and location will be take shape through the dialogue with three artists: Arman, Joe Brainard and Édouard Levé. The part of Perecs work that interests this research is the one grounded in reality, in the urban space, in places, rituals and repetitive procedures, in everyday life and in material things that make up a world of irrelevance - a common world that serves as background to the daily actions we see in ordinary urban life. This research is divided into three chapters, each one of them focusing on a particular way of grouping things: the first one which is dedicated to the accumulation, tries to differentiate the concept of thing from the notion of object and identify how the values of consumer society appear in the works of Perec and Arman; the second chapter, which is dedicated to the collection focuses on shared things, on the indistinctive aspect of everyday life, and on the formulation of rules that help Perec and Joe Brainard make sense of the fragments of their memories; now, in the third and final chapter, it is the file (which results from the artists projects) that will allow Perec and Édouard Levé to envisage their non-places to reveal what happens when nothing happens.

Esta pesquisa visa o estabelecimento de pontos de contato entre dois escritores franceses do século XX, André Gide e Georges Perec, por meio do estudo de duas obras, Les Faux-monnayeurs e «53 Jours». Nosso objetivo é o de analisar como o último livro de Perec, inserido com toda sua obra no pós-modernismo, reaproveita e lança um olhar crítico sobre alguns elementos da poética gideana concentrados em seu único romance, tais como o papel do leitor e o questionamento da noção de verdade. / The purpose of this research is establishing some points in common between two 20th century\' s French writers, André Gide and Georges Perec, through the study of two of their books, Les Faux-monnayeurs and «53 Jours». We want to analyze how the last Perec\'s work, part of the post modernism aesthetics, uses and thinks critically about some Gide\'s writing elements, all concentrated in the only Gidean novel, like the reader\'s role or the discussion concerning the idea of truth.

Um dos últimos textos a ser publicado em vida pelo autor, Le Voyage d\'hiver, de Georges Perec, teve um destino diverso no âmbito da crítica literária perecquiana e do OuLiPo. Essa disparidade de tratamento parece estar vinculada ao tipo de análise que o papel do leitor suscitou na crítica até então. O objetivo dessa dissertação é realizar uma análise alternativa deste papel de modo a explicar a diferença apontada. Tentando evitar as aporias que a crítica perecquiana enfrenta na compreensão da obra do autor, esta dissertação traz também a análise de alguns aspectos do manuscrito preparatório de Le Voyage d\'hiver. / Le voyage d\'hiver - one of the last texts to be written and published by Georges Perec- has drawn different levels of attention to itself. Not having been frequently analysed by the critics, it has been used by the literary group known as the OuLiPo as a springboard for the production of a series of texts that repeated and expanded the themes dealt in Perec\'s text. This difference of approach seems to be related to the way the role of the reader is viewed by the critics. Therefore, the aim of this dissertation is to propose an alternative approach to the study of the role of the reader in Le Voyage d\'hiver. Moreover, in order to deal with some of the problems that the critics face when studying the work of Georges Perec, this dissertation analyses certain aspects of the Le Voyage d\'hiver manuscript.

Esta pesquisa visa o estabelecimento de pontos de contato entre dois escritores franceses do século XX, André Gide e Georges Perec, por meio do estudo de duas obras, Les Faux-monnayeurs e «53 Jours». Nosso objetivo é o de analisar como o último livro de Perec, inserido com toda sua obra no pós-modernismo, reaproveita e lança um olhar crítico sobre alguns elementos da poética gideana concentrados em seu único romance, tais como o papel do leitor e o questionamento da noção de verdade. / The purpose of this research is establishing some points in common between two 20th century\' s French writers, André Gide and Georges Perec, through the study of two of their books, Les Faux-monnayeurs and «53 Jours». We want to analyze how the last Perec\'s work, part of the post modernism aesthetics, uses and thinks critically about some Gide\'s writing elements, all concentrated in the only Gidean novel, like the reader\'s role or the discussion concerning the idea of truth.

À partir du concept de « fiction pensante » élaboré par Franck Salaün, l’objectif de cette étude est de montrer, à partir des œuvres de Georges Perec et d’Enrique Vila-Matas, que la fiction littéraire est un lieu de pensée critique et existentielle de l’auteur. Partant des interrogations sur le rapport de l’individu à la mise en écriture de soi, les romans de ces deux auteurs apparaissent comme de véritables lieux pour penser leur existence, leur écriture et leur relation à la littérature, qui sont autant d’éléments montrant leur façon d’être au monde. La fiction étant considérée comme un élément inhérent à la constitution de la pensée, la pensée se révèlera être également inextricable de la littérature. Parce qu’elle construit des mondes possibles auxquels le lecteur peut s’identifier et parce qu’elle apporte des connaissances morales, la littérature est une forme de savoir sur le monde différent mais tout aussi légitime que celui apporté par la philosophie et les sciences (tant les sciences dures que les sciences sociales). À partir des œuvres de ces deux écrivains, la fiction littéraire est donc envisagée comme le lieu où s’expriment leurs pensées littéraires aussi bien que leur conception du monde. / Using the concept of « thinking fiction » created by Franck Salaün, on the base of the works of Georges Perec and Enrique Vila-Matas, the objective of this study is to demonstrate that literary fiction is the expression of the author’s critical and existential thinking. Based on the interrogations concerning the relation between the individual and the writing of the self, their novels appear to be a place to think their existence, their writing and their relation to literature, which constitute the elements of the way they live the world. When considering fiction as an inherent element of the constitution of thought, thought will reveal itself to be also inextricable from literature. Because it creates possible worlds to which the reader identifies and because it contributes to moral knowledge, literature is a form of knowledge of the world as legitimate as the one built by philosophy and sciences (hard sciences as well as human sciences). Based on the works of these two writers, literary fiction will be considered as a place to express their literary thoughts as well as their conception of the world.

Ce travail vise à interroger les représentations de l’espace urbain dans trois oeuvres successives, soit le roman Un homme qui dort de Georges Perec, le Journal du dehors d’Annie Ernaux et le roman Dans le café de la jeunesse perdue de Patrick Modiano. Il met en regard une évolution de l’image de Paris dans la littérature de la fin du XXe et du début du XXIe, avec un roman des années soixante, un journal englobant les années quatre-vingt et quatre-vingt-dix et un autre roman contemporain. Usant du champ de la sociocritique, le mémoire soutient l’hypothèse d’une altérité fondamentale de l’espace urbain dans les trois oeuvres, suggérée par les multiples discours narratifs. Les changements urbanistiques liés à l’émergence du consumérisme, comme la modernisation des transports, le réagencement des quartiers ou l’agrandissement de Paris poussent personnages et narrateurs à un réinvestissement sémantique de l’espace urbain. Celui-ci passe par une question : comment la ville pourrait être autre? L’étude se penche donc sur le « choc » du sujet dans la ville tel qu’abordé par Benjamin, sur son rapport ambigu au passé et à une mémoire collective parisienne et sur la capacité des narrateurs à renouveler leur pratique de la ville pour se l’approprier. / This thesis analyzes the urban space representations, as expressed in Un homme qui dort by Georges Perec, Journal du dehors by Annie Ernaux and Dans le café de la jeunesse perdue by Patrick Modiano. It highlights a conflicted and moving parisian imagery during the second half of the XXth century, with one novel from the late sixties, one diary written between the eighties and the nineties and one contemporary novel. This is aiming to show a striking coherence between the studied works. This sociocritical analysis focuses on the otherness suggested by multiple narratives in the city. The changing urban landscapes, which are caused by new types of public transportations or renovated and new neighbourhoods, are related to consumerism. It leads characters and narrators to semantically reinvest in their city. This brings them inevitably to a question: how could the city be radically different? How can they find and suggest its otherness? The thesis deals with the subject’s “shocks” in the city, as expressed by Walter Benjamin, as well as with his ambiguous relationship with the past and collective memory and also with the narrators’ ability to renew their urban experiences.

The aim of this thesis is to present the French author Georges Perec in greater detail - his life and works, constraints he used in his experimental literary work, the reception of the author in the Czech and English contexts - and to compare the Czech and English translations of a selected extract from his novel Life A User's Manual. The first part of the thesis deals with the author's life and includes information on his published works. Its second part gives an overview of his texts translated into Czech, as well as of the reception of the writer's work in Czech media. The aim of the following part is to give a similar summary but with respect to the English context, and it sketches out some translation problems English translators encountered while translating Perec's work. The fifth part is dedicated to the writer's masterpiece Life A User's Manual. It outlines the main plot of the novel, the formal constraints Perec bound himself with, and his approach to writing in general. The final part is a comparative translatological analysis of the Czech and English translations of the fifty-first chapter.

Um dos últimos textos a ser publicado em vida pelo autor, Le Voyage d\'hiver, de Georges Perec, teve um destino diverso no âmbito da crítica literária perecquiana e do OuLiPo. Essa disparidade de tratamento parece estar vinculada ao tipo de análise que o papel do leitor suscitou na crítica até então. O objetivo dessa dissertação é realizar uma análise alternativa deste papel de modo a explicar a diferença apontada. Tentando evitar as aporias que a crítica perecquiana enfrenta na compreensão da obra do autor, esta dissertação traz também a análise de alguns aspectos do manuscrito preparatório de Le Voyage d\'hiver. / Le voyage d\'hiver - one of the last texts to be written and published by Georges Perec- has drawn different levels of attention to itself. Not having been frequently analysed by the critics, it has been used by the literary group known as the OuLiPo as a springboard for the production of a series of texts that repeated and expanded the themes dealt in Perec\'s text. This difference of approach seems to be related to the way the role of the reader is viewed by the critics. Therefore, the aim of this dissertation is to propose an alternative approach to the study of the role of the reader in Le Voyage d\'hiver. Moreover, in order to deal with some of the problems that the critics face when studying the work of Georges Perec, this dissertation analyses certain aspects of the Le Voyage d\'hiver manuscript.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2016-04-14T14:19:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_VINICIUS_GONCALVES_CARNEIRO_PARCIAL.pdf: 1785022 bytes, checksum: d03a666af7b53f5454406d7c560f182e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-14T14:19:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_VINICIUS_GONCALVES_CARNEIRO_PARCIAL.pdf: 1785022 bytes, checksum: d03a666af7b53f5454406d7c560f182e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-09 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The Oulipo (Ouvroir de litt?rature potentielle [Workshop of Potential Literature]) is a post-World War literary movement founded by mathematicians and writers amongst whom we find famous personalities such as Raymond Queneau, Italo Calvino, Georges Perec and Jacques Roubaud. The Oulipo is based on the formal constraint as a "machine" of artistic creation in two ways: on the one side, an analytical approach which studies "plagiats par anticipation [anticipatory plagiarism]", i.e., the writers who worked on the formal constraints before the Oulipo; on the other hand, a synthetic approach based on innovation and experimentation with new literary constraints. Firstly, this doctoral dissertation discusses concepts (implicitly or explicitly) presented in the manifestos of the group and in the critical texts and interviews with Georges Perec, concerning mainly the concept of constraint. Secondly, it discusses these notions in the work of Perec, including the lipogram novel La disparition (2009a [1969]). The heart of this part is to analyze the relationship between the discourse of the Oulipo and its immediate and visible effects in La disparition, therefore between constraint and aesthetic formalism. As theoretical basis, the concepts of metatextuality as proposed by Bernard Magn? (1986; 1989), the death of the author as proposed by Roland Barthes (2004), intertextuality as proposed by Kristeva (2005) and reader as proposed by Wolfgang Iser (1996; 1999) and Umberto Eco (1991) are essentials, among others. At the end, extracts of La disparition translated into Portuguese by the author are presented, based on the theoretical work of Haroldo de Campos (2004), which considers translation as a device of critical appropriation. / O grupo liter?rio Oulipo (Ouvroir de litt?rature potentielle [Ateli? de Literatura Potencial]) surgiu na d?cada de 1960, na Fran?a, e postulava, a partir da aproxima??o entre literatura e matem?tica, a utiliza??o de contraintes para a cria??o liter?ria e para os estudos sobre literatura. Conforme o Oulipo, que tinha entre seus integrantes Raymond Queneau, Italo Calvino, Jacques Roubaud e Georges Perec, toda a obra liter?ria possui restri??es formais, cabendo ao escritor ter consci?ncia desse processo. Um dos romances que tornaram o grupo famoso foi La disparition, de 1969, escrito sem a vogal ?e?, a mais utilizada em franc?s. Nessa obra, a restri??o est? intimamente ligada a um jogo metatextual, em que se alude constantemente ? aus?ncia da vogal. Partindo da hip?tese de que nem um autor, grupo ou movimento liter?rio tem controle sobre os sentidos ou interpreta??es dos textos a ele ligados, este estudo se prop?e a debater os postulados oulipianos, sobretudo o conceito de contrainte, e suas consequ?ncias nos estudos liter?rios. Al?m disso, apresenta-se uma an?lise da obra de Georges Perec, com destaque para o romance La disparition (2009a [1969]). Para efetivar tal an?lise, prop?e-se tamb?m a tradu??o de extratos do livro, sendo a tradu??o aqui entendida como cr?tica (CAMPOS, 2004). A discuss?o te?rica partir? de alguns conceitos da teoria liter?ria, como os de morte do autor de Roland Barthes (2004), de intertextualidade de Julia Kristeva (2005), de metatextual de Bernard Magn? (1986; 1989), de leitor de Wolfgang Iser (1996; 1999) e Umberto Eco (1991) e de jogo de Huizinga (2012) e Agamben (2007), dentre outros.

L'écriture du souvenir chez Marguerite Duras, Georges Perec et Danilo Kiš présente un phénomène de répétition avec variations, impliquant à la fois le recours (volontaire) à l'invention et le travail (inconscient) du fantasme. L'analyse des textes démontre que ces reprises sont motivées par le désir de donner accès à l'événement passé et à son impact après coup, et par un désir autre, qui est de l'ordre d'une résistance à la rencontre du réel. La thèse saisit la réécriture du souvenir comme le résultat d'un compromis entre ces deux désirs : chez les trois auteurs, le texte autobiographique porte les traces du conflit dont il résulte. À dégager ces traces, on constate qu'une triple faillite de la mémoire, de l'enquête et du témoignage est en partie compensée par la reprise du souvenir. Les modifications apportées, sur le plan de la narration, tendent à donner à voir de plus près l'événement passé, soit en faisant partager au lecteur la perte de repères et le non éprouvé du trauma, soit en cédant la parole à celui qui a vu (par l'extrait de document), soit encore, par une identification du sujet (vivant) à ce témoin direct (mort). L'autorité narrative profite alors d'un sabotage de l'identité, le déni d'un moi se montrant garant de la prétention à parler au nom de l'autre. La représentation de cet autre dans le récit - il s'agit généralement d'un parent mort au cours de l'enfance - oscille entre la saturation de l'image et le blanc laissé vide, entre un « tout dire » et un « dire le rien », pour déboucher finalement sur une construction métaphorique, dont le réseau arborescent rappelle celui du signifiant lacanien tenant lieu d'une représentation absente. De plus, certaines variations apportées au souvenir semblent avoir pour but de satisfaire un désir de maîtrise, par une inversion des rapports de force, qui, dans certains cas, tient de la vengeance. Ainsi, le fantasme et l'invention viennent pallier un manque au sein de l'écriture autobiographique, et rendre possible, d'une part, la transmission d'une vérité factuelle et psychique, d'autre part, une riposte à la réalité de l'expérience, aux faits et au trauma, une réplique aux morts. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Souvenir, Enfance, Fantasme, Répétition, Vérité.