A Virtualização de Funções de Rede (NFV – Network Function Virtualization) é um novo conceito arquitetural que está remodelando a operação de funções de rede (e.g., firewall, gateways e proxies). O conceito principal de NFV consiste em desacoplar a lógica de funções de rede dos dispositivos de hardware especializados e, desta forma, permite a execução de imagens de software sobre hardware de prateleira (COTS – Commercial Off-The-Shelf). NFV tem o potencial para tornar a operação das funções de rede mais flexíveis e econômicas, primordiais em ambientes onde o número de funções implantadas pode chegar facilmente à ordem de centenas. Apesar da intensa atividade de pesquisa na área, o problema de posicionar e encadear funções de rede virtuais (VNF – Virtual Network Functions) de maneira escalável e com baixo custo ainda apresenta uma série de limitações. Mais especificamente, as estratégias existentes na literatura negligenciam o aspecto de encadeamento de VNFs (i.e., objetivam sobretudo o posicionamento), não escalam para o tamanho das infraestruturas NFV (i.e., milhares de nós com capacidade de computação) e, por último, baseiam a qualidade das soluções obtidas em custos operacionais não representativos. Nesta tese, aborda-se o posicionamento e o encadeamento de funções de rede virtualizadas (VNFPC – Virtual Network Function Placement and Chaining) como um problema de otimização no contexto intra- e inter-datacenter. Primeiro, formaliza-se o problema VNFPC e propõe-se um modelo de Programação Linear Inteira (ILP) para resolvêlo. O objetivo consiste em minimizar a alocação de recursos, ao mesmo tempo que atende aos requisitos e restrições de fluxo de rede. Segundo, aborda-se a escalabilidade do problema VNFPC para resolver grandes instâncias do problema (i.e., milhares de nós NFV). Propõe-se um um algoritmo heurístico baseado em fix-and-optimize que incorpora a meta-heurística Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) para explorar eficientemente o espaço de solução do problema VNFPC. Terceiro, avalia-se as limitações de desempenho e os custos operacionais de estratégias típicas de aprovisionamento ambientes reais de NFV. Com base nos resultados empíricos coletados, propõe-se um modelo analítico que estima com alta precisão os custos operacionais para requisitos de VNFs arbitrários. Quarto, desenvolve-se um mecanismo para a implantação de encadeamentos de VNFs no contexto intra-datacenter. O algoritmo proposto (OCM – Operational Cost Minimization) baseia-se em uma extensão da redução bem conhecida do problema de emparelhamento ponderado (i.e., weighted perfect matching problem) para o problema de fluxo de custo mínimo (i.e., min-cost flow problem) e considera o desempenho das VNFs (e.g., requisitos de CPU), bem como os custos operacionais estimados. Os resultados alcaçados mostram que o modelo ILP proposto para o problema VNFPC reduz em até 25% nos atrasos fim-a-fim (em comparação com os encadeamentos observados nas infra-estruturas tradicionais) com um excesso de provisionamento de recursos aceitável – limitado a 4%. Além disso, os resultados evidenciam que a heurística proposta (baseada em fix-and-optimize) é capaz de encontrar soluções factíveis de alta qualidade de forma eficiente, mesmo em cenários com milhares de VNFs. Além disso, provê-se um melhor entendimento sobre as métricas de desempenho de rede (e.g., vazão, consumo de CPU e capacidade de processamento de pacotes) para as estratégias típicas de implantação de VNFs adotadas infraestruturas NFV. Por último, o algoritmo proposto no contexto intra-datacenter (i.e. OCM) reduz significativamente os custos operacionais quando comparado aos mecanismos de posicionamento típicos uti / Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a novel concept that is reshaping the middlebox arena, shifting network functions (e.g. firewall, gateways, proxies) from specialized hardware appliances to software images running on commodity hardware. This concept has potential to make network function provision and operation more flexible and cost-effective, paramount in a world where deployed middleboxes may easily reach the order of hundreds. Despite recent research activity in the field, little has been done towards scalable and cost-efficient placement & chaining of virtual network functions (VNFs) – a key feature for the effective success of NFV. More specifically, existing strategies have neglected the chaining aspect of NFV (focusing on efficient placement only), failed to scale to hundreds of network functions and relied on unrealistic operational costs. In this thesis, we approach VNF placement and chaining as an optimization problem in the context of Inter- and Intra-datacenter. First, we formalize the Virtual Network Function Placement and Chaining (VNFPC) problem and propose an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model to solve it. The goal is to minimize required resource allocation, while meeting network flow requirements and constraints. Then, we address scalability of VNFPC problem to solve large instances (i.e., thousands of NFV nodes) by proposing a fixand- optimize-based heuristic algorithm for tackling it. Our algorithm incorporates a Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) meta-heuristic, for efficiently exploring the placement and chaining solution space. Further, we assess the performance limitations of typical NFV-based deployments and the incurred operational costs of commodity servers and propose an analytical model that accurately predict the operational costs for arbitrary service chain requirements. Then, we develop a general service chain intra-datacenter deployment mechanism (named OCM – Operational Cost Minimization) that considers both the actual performance of the service chains (e.g., CPU requirements) as well as the operational incurred cost. Our novel algorithm is based on an extension of the well-known reduction from weighted matching to min-cost flow problem. Finally, we tackle the problem of monitoring service chains in NFV-based environments. For that, we introduce the DNM (Distributed Network Monitoring) problem and propose an optimization model to solve it. DNM allows service chain segments to be independently monitored, which allows specialized network monitoring requirements to be met in a efficient and coordinated way. Results show that the proposed ILP model for the VNFPC problem leads to a reduction of up to 25% in end-to-end delays (in comparison to chainings observed in traditional infrastructures) and an acceptable resource over-provisioning limited to 4%. Also, we provide strong evidences that our fix-and-optimize based heuristic is able to find feasible, high-quality solutions efficiently, even in scenarios scaling to thousands of VNFs. Further, we provide indepth insights on network performance metrics (such as throughput, CPU utilization and packet processing) and its current limitations while considering typical deployment strategies. Our OCM algorithm reduces significantly operational costs when compared to the de-facto standard placement mechanisms used in Cloud systems. Last, our DNM model allows finer grained network monitoring with limited overheads. By coordinating the placement of monitoring sinks and the forwarding of network monitoring traffic, DNM can reduce the number of monitoring sinks and the network resource consumption (54% lower than a traditional method).

Les systèmes de refroidissement des véhicules continuent à se développer et devenir de plus en plus complexes. Ceci introduit des nouveaux problèmes dus aux interactions des composants et les perturbations du système. Avec la montée des prix des carburants; les développeurs et les compagnies cherchent à améliorer la consommation en respectant les normes d’émission. Une partie de l’énergie produite par le moteur est utilisé par les composants du circuit de refroidissement. L’utilisation d’auxiliaires électriques est une manière de réduire ces pertes parasites, mais ce n’est pas la seule solution. Des études récents proposent que un control plus adaptes des composants peux réduire la consommation de carburant. Actuellement, le groupe Volvo en essayant d’améliorer la performance du système de refroidissement des camions a installe des nouveaux composants pour la gestion thermique du moteur. Néanmoins, des problèmes ont été identifie lors d’essais véhicule. Une meilleure compréhension du système et de l’implémentation de composants est nécessaire pour limiter les effets non voulus. Le système de refroidissement d’un poids lourd a été étudié grâce à l’outil Bond Graph. Puis des nouvelles stratégies de control sont introduites : commande prédictive, commande par platitude, commande sans model et commande avec model réduit. Ces méthodes ont été implémentées dans une plateforme de simulation sur Matlab/Simulink. Les gains de consommation obtenue à partir de simulations sont entre 0.5 et 0.9%. Une analyse structurelle de l’architecture actuelle est présentée. D’après les conclusions de cette analyse, des propositions pour la modification de l’architecture du circuit sont évalués. / The increasing complexity of engine cooling systems results in added interactions and disturbances to the performance. Besides, non-propulsion loads (fan, water pump…) draw a significant percentage of the engine’s power thus lowering the vehicle’s fuel efficiency. Recent studies have shown that by controlling components the efficiency can be improved by adjusting fan speed according to cooling needs, coolant flow, and oil flow. Currently, the Volvo group in order to optimize the performance of their truck’s cooling systems had installed new thermal management components. However, problems were found while testing control strategies and a better understanding of the interaction between components is required to prevent this from happening again. In this work, the bond graph approach has been applied for the study of the cooling system of a Heavy duty vehicle and has enabled subsystem interactions to be identified. Based on a simplified model issued from the bond graph, several control strategies have been built. These controllers are based on different control approaches: model predictive control, flatness control, model free control and model free control with reduced order model. These controllers were implemented in a simulation platform in the Matlab/Simulink environment. Results of the implementation of the new advanced control strategies are given. Fuel economy gains ranged between 0.5 and 0.9 %. A structural analysis of the current architecture is also proposed aiming at the optimization of the system. Given the insights from the analysis, an assessment of new concepts for the cooling system architecture is proposed.

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-04T19:34:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Juliana Tavares Bessa.pdf: 1646137 bytes, checksum: 415a7bbd93a581d6dc7887ca84c4ec5e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-08-31T12:07:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Juliana Tavares Bessa.pdf: 1646137 bytes, checksum: 415a7bbd93a581d6dc7887ca84c4ec5e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-31T12:07:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Juliana Tavares Bessa.pdf: 1646137 bytes, checksum: 415a7bbd93a581d6dc7887ca84c4ec5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-22 / A administração de pessoas enfrenta um de seus mais importantes desafios: definir qual processo mais efetivo de avaliação de desempenho humano a ser realizado nas organizações. Diante disto, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor um modelo de avaliação de desempenho que contribua para apropriação do tema na Administração Pública. Para atingir este objetivo, inicialmente foi realizada uma revisão de literatura sobre os temas: Administração Pública, Gestão de Pessoas e Avaliação de Desempenho. A seguir, realizou-se uma pesquisa de caráter exploratório-descritivo com os servidores técnico-administrativos do IFF a fim de entender o atual sistema de avaliação de desempenho, seus aspectos teóricos e práticos, bem como seus pontos positivos e negativos. A partir da análise dos dados pesquisados ficou evidente a necessidade de reformulação no processo atual no IFF. Assim, este trabalho espera contribuir para que a avaliação de desempenho no IFF seja mais efetiva, sendo um instrumento de gestão que permita a melhoria contínua dos serviços prestados pelos servidores técnico-administrativos do IFF. / People management faces one of its most important challenges: defining the most effective human performance assessment process to be carried out in organizations. In view of this, the paper aims to propose a performance evaluation model that contributes to the appropriation of the theme in Public Administration. To reach this objective, a literature review was initially carried out on the following topics: Public Administration, People Management and Performance Evaluation. Next, an exploratory-descriptive research was conducted with the IFF's technical-administrative servants in order to understand the current performance evaluation system, its theoretical and practical aspects, as well as its positive and negative points. From the analysis of the data researched it was evident the need to reformulate the current process in the IFF. Thus, this work aims to contribute to the performance evaluation in the IFF is more effective, being a management tool that allows the continuous improvement of the services provided by the IFF's technical-administrative servers

Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-21T15:12:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Marcello Silveira Vieira.pdf: 6702663 bytes, checksum: ebab8c4d3c9273fc0089f1565c6ab941 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Biblioteca da Escola de Engenharia (bee@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-09-01T14:38:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Marcello Silveira Vieira.pdf: 6702663 bytes, checksum: ebab8c4d3c9273fc0089f1565c6ab941 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-01T14:38:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Marcello Silveira Vieira.pdf: 6702663 bytes, checksum: ebab8c4d3c9273fc0089f1565c6ab941 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-30 / Os programas de excelência utilizados para avaliar instituições de ensino técnico profissionalizante, hoje não mais buscam somente a eficiência de uma gestão para objetivos pedagógicos. Atualmente, os critérios de excelência dos serviços educacionais têm foco multifuncional, buscando resultados em várias dimensões. Neste sentido, o objetivo da dissertação consiste em apresentar uma proposta metodológica que permita subsidiar as decisões no processo de avaliação de desempenho em uma instituição de ensino técnico, por meio da aplicação da técnica de similaridade com solução ideal (na língua inglesa, Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution - TOPSIS). Como opção metodológica, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória para levantamento de dados primários, seguida de aplicação da sistemática proposta e respectiva análise dos resultados obtidos. Como principal produto foi gerado um diagnóstico, por cada dimensão proposta, bem como foi possível à obtenção de um indicador global (SCORE TOPSIS) que contribuiu com um instrumento de análise comparativa do desempenho de 39 unidades operativas de uma instituição de ensino ofertante de cursos técnicos de nível médio profissionalizante. / Excellence programs used to evaluate vocational technical education institutions, today no longer seek only the efficiency of management for educational purposes. Currently, the criteria of excellence of educational services have multi-functional focus, seeking results in various dimensions. In this sense, the purpose of this work is to present a methodology that allows support the decisions in the performance evaluation process in a technical education institution by applying Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution - TOPSIS. As a methodological option, an exploratory research was developed for primary data collection, followed by application of systematic proposal and its analysis of the results. As the main product has generated a diagnosis for each dimension proposal, and it was possible to obtain a global indicator (SCORE TOPSIS) which contributed a benchmarking instrument performance of 39 operating units of an educational institution offerer technical courses vocational high school.

Le travail présenté dans cette thèse constitue une contribution originale à lamodélisation et à l'analyse de performances des systèmes de vélos en libre-service. De nombreuses villes en Europe ont suscité un intérêt considérable et un engouement à l'égard de ce nouveau mode de transport écologique (Vélib' à Paris, Vélov'v à Lyon, Bicing à Barcelone, ...) et dont les progrès technologiques ne cessent de les faire émerger dans les quatre coins dumonde. Contrairement aux systèmes de transport traditionnels, très peu d'étudesfondamentales ont été menées et pourtant, de nombreuses questions émergent, la principale étant celle d'un rééquilibrage (régulation) de la distribution de vélos dans les différentes stations afin de satisfaire au mieux les demandes des usagers. C'est dans ce cadre que s'inscrit cette thèse de doctorat portant sur la modélisation, l'analyse et l'évaluation de performances de ce mode de transport en libre service. Ce travail, basé sur les réseaux de Petri, est d'une aide précieuse pour la mise en oeuvre, l'exploitation et la régulation de ce type de systèmes.La complexité dynamique de tels systèmes, perçus comme des systèmes à événements discrets, nous a conduit au développement d'une approche à base d'une classe particulière de réseaux de Petri stochastiques ayant des arcs à poids variables pertinents aussi bien pour l'analyse que pour la simulation. Un ensemble de modèles et de méthodes d'analyse associées sont développés en vue de leur régulation, en prenant en compte différents paramètres de décision qui les caractérisent notamment le nombre de stations, la capacité de chaque station, les seuils de régulation, la capacité des véhicules de régulation, le type et/ou la fréquence de régulation choisi (périodique ou continue), …. En plus d'être paramétrables, les modèles proposés permettent d'étudier plusieurs configurations en fonction de différents modes de fonctionnement possibles (mode sans régulation, mode avec régulation, mode dynamique, mode statique, etc). La présentation de cette thèse comporte plusieurs illustrations et applicationspermettant d'aider le lecteur à la compréhension du travail développé.A notre connaissance, il s'agit d'un premier travail du genre dans la littérature sur les réseaux de Petri et plus généralement, l'un des premiers sur les systèmes de vélos en libre-service. / Public Bicycle-Sharing Systems (PBSS) have been appearing in more and more cities around the world in the last few years. Although their apparent success as an alternative form of public transportation mode, there are major challenges confronting the operators while few scientific works are available to support such complex dynamical systems to influence their economic viability and operational efficiency. One of the most crucial factors for the success of a PBS system is its ability to ensure that bicycles are available for pick up and vacant berths available for bicycle drop off at every station. In this thesis, we develop an original discrete event approach for modelling and performance evaluation of public bicycle-sharing systems by using Petri nets with time, inhibitor arcs and variable arc weights.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-02-11T11:05:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vinícius Gonçalves Braga - 2015.pdf: 9659356 bytes, checksum: 08fb0b3eae5f3af9311d9db5be529be4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-02-11T11:06:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vinícius Gonçalves Braga - 2015.pdf: 9659356 bytes, checksum: 08fb0b3eae5f3af9311d9db5be529be4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-11T11:06:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Vinícius Gonçalves Braga - 2015.pdf: 9659356 bytes, checksum: 08fb0b3eae5f3af9311d9db5be529be4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Web mapping systems, or Web GIS, are important tools for geographic orientation and spatial data analysis. In recent years, the use of these systems has increased, as well as the challenge to ensure performance while the number of users and the data volume continue to grow. The performance evaluation is an important activity to investigate and mitigate systems performance issues. The workload is the starting point of the performance evaluation and is responsible for sending resquests to the system under evaluation. The reliability of the evaluation results is related to an appropriate load. Despite the importance of web map systems, the literature as presented little efforts to model the workload of these systems. In this dissertation, we present a methodology to collect and analyze data in order to create a model of Web GIS users’ behavior and to instantiate the model in a workload generator. We also propose a generic model, named MUSe-GM (Maps User Session Generative Model), and present a characterization of the users’ behavior using data of the access to a popular mapping application, collected by an extension developed for the Google Chrome browser. The characterization results were used to develop an instance of the behavior model and to implement a workload generator. The instance was evaluated by testing in a realWeb map system, using the workload generator, and through simulations. The results were compared with two other models from literature. The proposed model in this dissertation was significantly different in several aspects compared to the other, presenting a behavior closer to the real users’ behavior. / Sistemas de mapa Web, ou SIGs Web, são ferramentas importantes para orientação geográfica e análise de dados espaciais. Nos últimos anos, o uso desse tipo de sistema tem aumentado, bem como o desafio para garantir o desempenho frente ao aumento do número de usuários e do volume de dados. A avaliação de desempenho é uma importante atividade para investigar e mitigar problemas de desempenho em sistemas. O ponto inicial da avaliação de desempenho é a carga de trabalho, responsável por enviar requisições ao sistema sob avaliação. A confiabilidade dos resultados da avaliação depende de uma carga adequada. Apesar da importância dos sistemas de mapa Web, existem poucos esforços na literatura para modelar a carga de trabalho desse tipo de sistema. Nesta dissertação, apresentamos uma metodologia para coleta e análise de dados, visando a criação de um modelo do comportamento dos usuários de SIGs Web e sua instanciação em um gerador de cargas de trabalho. Propomos também um modelo genérico, chamado MUSe- GM (Maps User Session Generative Model), e apresentamos uma caracterização do comportamento dos usuários utilizando dados de acesso a um sistema de mapas popular, coletados a partir de uma extensão desenvolvida para o navegador Google Chrome. Os resultados da caracterização foram utilizados para a criação de uma instância do modelo de comportamento e na implementação de um gerador de cargas. A instância foi avaliada através de testes em um sistema de mapas real, utilizando o gerador de cargas, e por meio de simulações. Os resultados foram comparados aos de outros dois modelos da literatura. O modelo proposto nesta dissertação se mostrou significativamente diferente em vários aspectos em relação aos outros dois, apresentando um comportamento mais próximo do comportamento de usuários reais.

INTRODUÇÃO: 0 transtorno de déficit de atenção com hiperatividade é um distúrbio neurobiológico comum na infância que pode acarretar prejuízos no desempenho motor em 30 a 50% dos casos, além de déficits no aprendizado escolar e no desenvolvimento social e emocional, tornando a criança mais propensa ao abandono dos estudos, a repetência, suspensão, expulsão e mais vulnerável a necessidade de reforço. OBJETIVO: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o desempenho motor e acadêmico de crianças com transtorno de déficit de atenção com hiperatividade matriculadas na rede municipal de ensino de Maringá. METODOLOGIA: Foram selecionadas 55 crianças de ambos os gêneros, matriculadas no 2º ao 4º ano do ensino fundamental, entre 7 a 10 anos, com diagnóstico clínico confirmado do respectivo transtorno, sem comorbidades associadas exceto o Transtorno Opositor Desafiante e dificuldades de aprendizagem, além de 55 crianças do grupo controle para efeitos de comparação, seguindo os mesmos parâmetros com relação ao ano escolar cursado, idade e sexo. Na sequência foram realizadas as avaliações do desempenho motor e acadêmico, utilizando a segunda edição do Movement Assessment Battery for Children e o Teste do Desempenho Escolar. Para a análise estatística foi utilizado o programa estatístico Statistical Package for Social Science versão 20 e empregado os testes Shapiro-Wilk, Qui quadrado, Mann-Whitney, Teste Exato de Fisher, Correlação de Spearman e correlação de Pearson. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstraram diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre o grupo experimental e controle na classificação do grau de dificuldade motora, na leitura, escrita e no escore bruto total do teste do desempenho escolar. CONCLUSÃO:Tendo em vista, o maior prejuízo acadêmico detectado no grupo experimental e a maior frequência de crianças do respectivo grupo classificadas como de risco e com significante dificuldade motora, salienta-se a necessidade delas serem monitoradas por profissionais especializados, a fim de minimizarem os déficts apresentados / INTRODUCTION: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurobiological condition common in childhood, which may result in poor motor performance to 30 to 50% of the children diagnosed with it as well as in poor school performance and poor social and emotional development, causing children to be more likely to fail at or drop out of school, be suspended or expelled from school, and be more likely to need extra lessons to catch up with the class. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the motor skills and school performance of children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who attended a municipal school in Maringá, Brazil. The group selected were 55 children of both sexes at 7 to 10 years old attending the first to third grades of elementary school diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder without any associated disorder except oppositional defiant disorder and learning difficulties. Fifty-five children were also selected for the control group for comparison effects, following the same parameters regarding the school grade, age and sex. Motor skills and school performance assessments based on the second edition of Movement Assessment Battery for Children and the school performance test were carried out. For the statistical analysis, the Statistical Package for Social Science version 20, Shapiro-Wilk, Chi square, Mann-Whitney, Fisher´s Exact Tests and the Pearson and Spearman correlation were used. RESULTS:The results showed statistically significant differences between the experimental and the control group in the classification of degree of motor difficuly in reading, writing and the total gross score of the School Performance Test. CONCLUSION:Considering the greater difficulty at school perceived in the experimental group and the greater frequency of children of such group classified as borderline ones and with significant motor difficulty, it is clear that they should be monitored by specialized professionals for their evident deficits to be minimized

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-03-20T14:27:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Let?cia Dias Lavor.pdf: 4101656 bytes, checksum: 3fa8834f7856c16ec86e11e23f14b43a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-20T14:27:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Let?cia Dias Lavor.pdf: 4101656 bytes, checksum: 3fa8834f7856c16ec86e11e23f14b43a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-26 / This work relates to the theme Strategic People Management, has as its theme the assessment of individual performance (ADI) a public institution linked to the area of culture and comes against a researcher for the unrest, while managing, evaluating their peers and subordinates and be evaluated based on an assessment instrument performance individual who seems to have been perceived by employees as a tool only for grant of gratuity or punishment, thus being decoupled from its primary function is to serve as feedback for any management system. Given the above, a central research question was posed: What are the guidelines for the preparation of an instrument to assess individual performance for the Instituto do Patrim?nio Hist?rico e Art?stico Nacional (IPHAN) that is perceived by servers as a management tool relevant the reality of the organization? The methodological approach of this research was to collect qualitative and empirical data we conducted a focus group interview. It was concluded that in order to develop a tool that ADI is perceived as a management tool relevant to the organization it is necessary a policy of unifying communication to disseminate the goals of its strategic plan, its macro-processes and their indicators. We conclude further that the development of the ADI should be led by technicians whose training is recognized by the workforce and be based on the duties and responsibilities of the servers, which must also be mapped and translated into a new Job and Career Plan / Este trabalho refere-se ao tema Gest?o Estrat?gica de Pessoas, tem como tem?tica a avalia??o de desempenho individual (ADI) numa institui??o p?blica ligada ? ?rea da cultura e vem ao encontro de uma inquieta??o da pesquisadora para, enquanto gestora, avaliar seus pares e subordinados e ser avaliada com base em um instrumento de avalia??o de desempenho individual que parece ter sido percebido pelos funcion?rios como instrumento apenas para concess?o de gratifica??o ou puni??o, estando assim dissociado de sua fun??o primordial que ? a de servir como feedback para todo o sistema de gest?o. Diante do exposto, uma quest?o central de pesquisa foi colocada: quais s?o as diretrizes para a elabora??o de um instrumento de avalia??o de desempenho individual para o Instituto do Patrim?nio Hist?rico e Art?stico Nacional (IPHAN) que seja percebido pelos servidores como uma ferramenta de gest?o pertinente ? realidade da organiza??o? A abordagem metodol?gica desta pesquisa foi qualitativa e para coletar dados emp?ricos foi realizada uma entrevista de grupo focal. Concluiu-se que para se elaborar um instrumento de ADI que seja percebido como instrumento de gest?o pertinente ? organiza??o faz-se necess?rio uma pol?tica de comunica??o unificadora que dissemine os objetivos de seu planejamento estrat?gico, os seus macroprocessos e seus indicadores. Concluiu-se, ainda, que a elabora??o da ADI deve ser liderada por t?cnicos cuja capacita??o seja reconhecida pelo corpo funcional e ter por base as responsabilidades e atribui??es dos servidores, que precisam tamb?m ser mapeadas e traduzidas num novo Plano de Cargos e Carreira.

<p>Докторска тема описује и анализира развој алата за профилисање и естимацију потрошње енергије наменских апликација. Апликације о којима је реч се развијају за вишејезгарну хетерогену платформу пројектовану са нагласком на ниској потрошњи енергије. Истраживање се односи на изналажење могућности прецизне процене количине енергије коју конзумира наменска DSP аппликација приликом обраде улазног сигнала. Резултат истраживања је израда прецизаног модела потрошње енергије који омогућује директну спрегу између програмског решења које се развија и количине енергије потребне за његово извршавање. Основни циљ истраживања је развој енергетски ефикасних програмских решења. Модел представљен у овом раду остварује зависност између утрошка енергије и програмског решења на инструкционом нивоу. Тестирањем модела кроз реалне апликације је остварена прецизна процена утрошене енергије.</p> / <p>Doktorska tema opisuje i analizira razvoj alata za profilisanje i estimaciju potrošnje energije namenskih aplikacija. Aplikacije o kojima je reč se razvijaju za višejezgarnu heterogenu platformu projektovanu sa naglaskom na niskoj potrošnji energije. Istraživanje se odnosi na iznalaženje mogućnosti precizne procene količine energije koju konzumira namenska DSP applikacija prilikom obrade ulaznog signala. Rezultat istraživanja je izrada precizanog modela potrošnje energije koji omogućuje direktnu spregu između programskog rešenja koje se razvija i količine energije potrebne za njegovo izvršavanje. Osnovni cilj istraživanja je razvoj energetski efikasnih programskih rešenja. Model predstavljen u ovom radu ostvaruje zavisnost između utroška energije i programskog rešenja na instrukcionom nivou. Testiranjem modela kroz realne aplikacije je ostvarena precizna procena utrošene energije.</p> / <p>PhD thesis describes and analyzes an approach to the development of the<br />tool for energy consumption profiling and estimation of embedded<br />applications aimed for multi-core heterogeneous platform designed with an<br />emphasis on low power consumption. The main purpose of this study was to<br />enable prediction of the amount of energy consumed by embedded DSP<br />application, when processing the input signal. The primary goal was to obtain<br />a precise model of energy consumption that will establish a direct link<br />between program solutions and the amount of energy required for its<br />execution, in order to develop energy-efficient software solutions. The model<br />presented in this paper achieves link between energy consumption and<br />program solutions at instructional level. The solution was tested against a<br />real applications and it has been established that prediction of consumed<br />energy have a high degree of accuracy.</p>

Dans cette thèse, nous abordons le problème de la modélisation et de la vérification de systèmes complexes présentant des comportements à la fois probabilistes et temporisés. La conception de tels systèmes est devenue de plus en plus complexe en raison de l’hétérogénéité des composants impliqués, l’incertitude découlant d’un environnement ouvert et les contraintes temps réelinhérentes à leurs domaines d’application. La gestion à la fois du logiciel et du matériel dans une vue unifiée tout en incluant des informations sur les performances (par exemple, temps de calcul et de communication, consommation d’énergie, etc.) devient indispensable. Construire et analyser des modèles de performance est d’une importance primordiale pour donner des garanties sur les exigences fonctionnelles et extra-fonctionnelles des systèmes, et permettre uneprise de décision fondée sur des mesures quantitatives dès les premières étapes de la conception.Cette thèse apporte plusieurs nouvelles contributions. Tout d’abord, nous introduisons un nouveau formalisme de modélisation appelé BIP stochastique et temps réel (SRT-BIP) pour la modélisation, la simulation et la génération de code de systèmes à base de composants. Ce formalisme hérite du framework BIP ses capacités de modélisation basées sur les composants et le temps réel et, en outre, il fournit des primitives pour exprimer des comportements stochastiquescomplexes.Deuxièmement, nous étudions des techniques d’apprentissage automatique pour faciliter la construction de modèles de performance. Nous proposons d’améliorer et d’adapter une procédure d’apprentissage présentée dans la littérature pour déduire des modèles stochastiques et temporisés à partir d’exécutions concrètes du système, et de les exprimer dans le formalisme SRT-BIP.Troisièmement, étant donné les modèles de performance dans SRT-BIP, nous explorons l’utilisation du model checking statistique (SMC) pour l’analyse d’exigences concernant la fonctionnalité et les performances du système. Pour ce faire, nous fournissons un framework complet, appelé SBIP, en tant qu’outil de support pour la modélisation, la simulation et l’analyse des systèmes SRT-BIP. SBIP est un environnement de développement intégré (IDE) qui implémente des algorithmes SMC pour des analyses quantitatives, qualitatives et d’événementsrares, en plus d’une procédure d’automatisation pour l’exploration des paramètres d’une propriété. Nous validons nos propositions sur des études de cas réels touchant à des domaines variés tels que les protocoles de communication, les systèmes concurrents et les systèmesembarqués.Enfin, nous étudions plus en détail l’intérêt du SMC lorsqu’il est inclus dans des méthodes d’analyse de système élaborées. Nous illustrons cela en proposant deux approches d’évaluation des risques. Dans la première approche, nous introduisons une méthodologie en spirale pour modéliser des systèmes résilients avec des composants FDIR que nous validons à travers l’évaluation de la sécurité du système de locomotion d’un rover d’exploration planétaire. La deuxième approche concerne l’évaluation des politiques de sécurité des organisations selon une approche de sécurité offensive. L’objectif est de synthétiser des configurations de défense efficaces contre des stratégies d’attaque optimisées (qui minimisent le coût d’attaque et maximisent la probabilité de succès). Ces stratégies d’attaque sont obtenues en combinant l’apprentissage de modèles et les méthodes méta-heuristiques, dans lesquels le SMC a le rôle principal d’évaluer et de prioriser les potentielles stratégies candidates. / In this thesis, we address the problem of modeling and verification of complex systems exhibiting both probabilistic and timed behaviors. Designing such systems has become increasingly complex due to the heterogeneity of the involved components, the uncertainty resulting from open environment and the real-time constraints inherent to their application domains. Handling both software and (abstraction of) hardware in a unified view while also including performanceinformation (e.g. computation and communication times, energy consumption, etc.) becomes a must. Building and analyzing performance models is of paramount importance in order to give guarantees on the functional and extra-functional system requirements and to make well-founded design decisions based on quantitative measures at early design stages.This thesis brings several new contributions. First, we introduce a new modeling formalism called Stochastic Real-Time BIP (SRT-BIP) for the modeling, the simulation and the code generation of component-based systems. This formalism inherits from the BIP framework its component-based and real-time modeling capabilities and, extends it by providing comprehensive primitives to express complex stochastic behaviors.Second, we investigate machine learning techniques to ease the construction of performance models. We propose to enhance and adapt a state-of-the-art learning procedure to infer stochastic real-time models from concrete system execution and to represent them in the SRT-BIP formalism.Third, given performance models in SRT-BIP, we explore the use of statistical Model Checking (SMC) for the anaysis of system’s functional and performance requirements. To do so, we provide a full framework, called SBIP, as a support tool for the modeling, simulation and analysis of SRT-BIP systems. SBIP is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) that implements SMC algorithms for quantitative, qualitative and rare events analyses together with an automated exploring procedure for parameterized requirements. We validate our proposalson real-life case studies ranging from communication protocols and concurrent systems to embedded systems.Finally, we further investigate the interest of SMC when included in elaborated system analysis workflows. We illustrate this by proposing two risk assessment approaches. In the first approach, we introduce a spiral methodology to build resilient systems with FDIR components that we validate on the safety assessment of a planetary rover locomotion system. The second approach is concerned with the security assessment of organization’s defenses following an offensive security approach. The goal is to synthesize impactful defense configurations against optimized attack strategies (that minimize attack cost and maximize success probability). These attack strategies are obtained by combining model learning with meta heuristics, and where SMC is used to score and prioritize potential candidate strategies.