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Ecossistema da democratização do design na sociedade pós-industrial / Ecosystem of the democratization of design in the post-industrial societySommerfeld, Davi 30 May 2017 (has links)
Esta dissertação investiga processos de democratização do exercício de projeto em design impulsionados por uma série de transformações sociais, tais como a expansão das tecnologias de comunicação e informação, a crise ambiental planetária e as crises econômicas globais. São analisados conceitos como os de \"sociedade pós-industrial\" conforme teorizado pelos sociólogos Alain Touraine (1969) e Domênico de Masi (2013) e \"terceira revolução industrial\", pelo economista Jeremy Rifkin (2011), propondo-se reflexões sobre qual seria o papel do design nesses contextos. A partir das concepções do campo do design propostas por Victor Papanek (1970) e Ezio Manzini (2015), e que examina o \"design quando todos são designers\", são estudados os fundamentos da cultura Faça-você-mesmo (DIY- Do-it-yourself), e da cultura Hacker, propondo-se, por fim, a configuração de um \"ecossistema\" dos processos de democratização do design contemporâneo, ou seja, de um conjunto de relações de interdependência destes processos entre si e com seu meio. / This dissertation investigates processes of democratization of the project exercise in a series of social transformations, such as information and communication technologies, the global environmental crisis and economies. We analyze concepts such as \"post-industrial society\" as theorized by sociologists Alain Touraine (1969) and Doménico de Masi (2013) and \"Third Industrial Revolution,\" by economist Jeremy Rifkin (2011), proposing reflections on the role of design in these contexts. From conceptions of the field of design proposed by Victor Papanek (1970) and Ezio Manzini (2015), and that examines \"design when everyone is a designer,\" the fundamentals of Do-it-yourself culture, and the Hacker culture, proposing order, the configuration of an \"ecosystem\" of the processes of democratization of design contemporary, that is, of a set of relations of interdependence of these processes between themselves and with their environment.
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Compromisso e paixão: o universal e o singular na boa escola pública. / Engagement and Passion: The universal and the singular the in the good public school.Silva, José Alves da 10 October 2008 (has links)
Tese de doutoramento - Faculdade de Educação, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2008. A partir da realidade de uma escola pública, investiga-se a identidade do ensino médio brasileiro e especialmente sua histórica dualidade entre um sentido propedêutico ou profissionalizante, em busca de um novo caráter de efetiva conclusão da educação de base. Essa escola passa por rápida transição devido a uma nova situação escolar caracterizada por sua expansão, pelo seu novo público, pela crescente importância do conceito de adolescência e por outras mudanças sócio-econômicas e culturais ligadas à sociedade pós-industrial. Nesse contexto, faz-se uma reflexão acerca do processo ainda em curso de mudança de identidade do ensino médio, a partir de três elementos: o seu papel social, a sua relação com a adolescência e a sua relação com o saber. Investigam-se os saberes e fazeres pedagógicos de uma escola pública de ensino médio, considerada boa pela comunidade que a freqüenta, tendo como método a pesquisa qualitativa na escola, envolvendo as pessoas que nela convivem, com questionários respondidos pelos alunos, análises de documentos já produzidos sobre a escola, entrevistas e a própria vivência do pesquisador naquela realidade escolar. Os resultados apontam para o fato de os acertos educacionais dessa escola estarem relacionados com um começo de superação daquela dualidade rumo a uma maior proximidade com a perspectiva do jovem, em termos de novos conhecimentos trazidos para o currículo, que respondem a desafios e demandas da sociedade pós-industrial, assim como ao tratamento de aspectos afetivos da própria adolescência. Isso só se mostrou possível nessa escola por conta de um envolvimento pessoal e conceitual de um grupo de educadores, que teve com a escola uma participação mais comprometida e engajada para além dos marcos estatutários". Isso aponta para a necessidade de o poder público acompanhar o cotidiano das escolas, para estimular e respeitar a constituição da identidade de cada universo escolar, na forma de políticas públicas que fomentem a emergência de projetos político-pedagógicos reais e singulares compatíveis com o entorno comunitários de cada escola. Entre as constatações do trabalho, ressalta-se a percepção da sobrecarga de demandas envolvendo cultura, esporte, saúde e vida comunitária, às quais a escola não pode atender. Propõe-se uma rede de instituições e equipamentos sociais que se somem na responsabilidade em educar o jovem, de maneira que, em seu conjunto, a escola recupere e exerça com qualidade o seu papel básico. / The reality of a particular public school is the starting point to question the identity of Brazilian high school with focus on a historical duality between a pre university school and a professional school, in the search for its new meaning towards an effective conclusion of basic education. This school lives today a quick transformation, due to its expansion, its new public, the growing importance of the concept of adolescence, as well as the social, economic and cultural changes connected to post-industrial society. In this context, we propose a reflection about the process of change of identity in terms of three elements: its social function, its relations with adolescence and with knowledge. A public high school considered good by its community had its educational practices investigated with this purpose, with basis on a qualitative research, involving people that teaches and learns there, making use of questionnaires answered by students, documental analysis, interviews and the personal experiences of the researcher himself in his work at that school. The results indicate that the good achievements of that high school are related to a movement in the direction of overcoming of that duality towards a closer relationship to the youth perspectives. This is connected to educational contents in the school curriculum that answer challenges put by the post industrial society and to emotional questions of adolescence itself. These achievements were only possible due to a personal engagement of a group of educators, much beyond of could be formally expected. As far as public policies are concerned, this suggests that the government should promote and support effective and singular pedagogical projects that respond to the social environment of each school. Among the conclusions of this work there is a perception that the school is requested to answer to many questions related to health, culture, sports, and communitarian life, that are beyond its domains. Therefore, we propose that a net of institutions and social facilities should cooperate, in order to allow the school to dedicate itself primarily to its main role.
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Ecossistema da democratização do design na sociedade pós-industrial / Ecosystem of the democratization of design in the post-industrial societyDavi Sommerfeld 30 May 2017 (has links)
Esta dissertação investiga processos de democratização do exercício de projeto em design impulsionados por uma série de transformações sociais, tais como a expansão das tecnologias de comunicação e informação, a crise ambiental planetária e as crises econômicas globais. São analisados conceitos como os de \"sociedade pós-industrial\" conforme teorizado pelos sociólogos Alain Touraine (1969) e Domênico de Masi (2013) e \"terceira revolução industrial\", pelo economista Jeremy Rifkin (2011), propondo-se reflexões sobre qual seria o papel do design nesses contextos. A partir das concepções do campo do design propostas por Victor Papanek (1970) e Ezio Manzini (2015), e que examina o \"design quando todos são designers\", são estudados os fundamentos da cultura Faça-você-mesmo (DIY- Do-it-yourself), e da cultura Hacker, propondo-se, por fim, a configuração de um \"ecossistema\" dos processos de democratização do design contemporâneo, ou seja, de um conjunto de relações de interdependência destes processos entre si e com seu meio. / This dissertation investigates processes of democratization of the project exercise in a series of social transformations, such as information and communication technologies, the global environmental crisis and economies. We analyze concepts such as \"post-industrial society\" as theorized by sociologists Alain Touraine (1969) and Doménico de Masi (2013) and \"Third Industrial Revolution,\" by economist Jeremy Rifkin (2011), proposing reflections on the role of design in these contexts. From conceptions of the field of design proposed by Victor Papanek (1970) and Ezio Manzini (2015), and that examines \"design when everyone is a designer,\" the fundamentals of Do-it-yourself culture, and the Hacker culture, proposing order, the configuration of an \"ecosystem\" of the processes of democratization of design contemporary, that is, of a set of relations of interdependence of these processes between themselves and with their environment.
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Compromisso e paixão: o universal e o singular na boa escola pública. / Engagement and Passion: The universal and the singular the in the good public school.José Alves da Silva 10 October 2008 (has links)
Tese de doutoramento - Faculdade de Educação, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2008. A partir da realidade de uma escola pública, investiga-se a identidade do ensino médio brasileiro e especialmente sua histórica dualidade entre um sentido propedêutico ou profissionalizante, em busca de um novo caráter de efetiva conclusão da educação de base. Essa escola passa por rápida transição devido a uma nova situação escolar caracterizada por sua expansão, pelo seu novo público, pela crescente importância do conceito de adolescência e por outras mudanças sócio-econômicas e culturais ligadas à sociedade pós-industrial. Nesse contexto, faz-se uma reflexão acerca do processo ainda em curso de mudança de identidade do ensino médio, a partir de três elementos: o seu papel social, a sua relação com a adolescência e a sua relação com o saber. Investigam-se os saberes e fazeres pedagógicos de uma escola pública de ensino médio, considerada boa pela comunidade que a freqüenta, tendo como método a pesquisa qualitativa na escola, envolvendo as pessoas que nela convivem, com questionários respondidos pelos alunos, análises de documentos já produzidos sobre a escola, entrevistas e a própria vivência do pesquisador naquela realidade escolar. Os resultados apontam para o fato de os acertos educacionais dessa escola estarem relacionados com um começo de superação daquela dualidade rumo a uma maior proximidade com a perspectiva do jovem, em termos de novos conhecimentos trazidos para o currículo, que respondem a desafios e demandas da sociedade pós-industrial, assim como ao tratamento de aspectos afetivos da própria adolescência. Isso só se mostrou possível nessa escola por conta de um envolvimento pessoal e conceitual de um grupo de educadores, que teve com a escola uma participação mais comprometida e engajada para além dos marcos estatutários. Isso aponta para a necessidade de o poder público acompanhar o cotidiano das escolas, para estimular e respeitar a constituição da identidade de cada universo escolar, na forma de políticas públicas que fomentem a emergência de projetos político-pedagógicos reais e singulares compatíveis com o entorno comunitários de cada escola. Entre as constatações do trabalho, ressalta-se a percepção da sobrecarga de demandas envolvendo cultura, esporte, saúde e vida comunitária, às quais a escola não pode atender. Propõe-se uma rede de instituições e equipamentos sociais que se somem na responsabilidade em educar o jovem, de maneira que, em seu conjunto, a escola recupere e exerça com qualidade o seu papel básico. / The reality of a particular public school is the starting point to question the identity of Brazilian high school with focus on a historical duality between a pre university school and a professional school, in the search for its new meaning towards an effective conclusion of basic education. This school lives today a quick transformation, due to its expansion, its new public, the growing importance of the concept of adolescence, as well as the social, economic and cultural changes connected to post-industrial society. In this context, we propose a reflection about the process of change of identity in terms of three elements: its social function, its relations with adolescence and with knowledge. A public high school considered good by its community had its educational practices investigated with this purpose, with basis on a qualitative research, involving people that teaches and learns there, making use of questionnaires answered by students, documental analysis, interviews and the personal experiences of the researcher himself in his work at that school. The results indicate that the good achievements of that high school are related to a movement in the direction of overcoming of that duality towards a closer relationship to the youth perspectives. This is connected to educational contents in the school curriculum that answer challenges put by the post industrial society and to emotional questions of adolescence itself. These achievements were only possible due to a personal engagement of a group of educators, much beyond of could be formally expected. As far as public policies are concerned, this suggests that the government should promote and support effective and singular pedagogical projects that respond to the social environment of each school. Among the conclusions of this work there is a perception that the school is requested to answer to many questions related to health, culture, sports, and communitarian life, that are beyond its domains. Therefore, we propose that a net of institutions and social facilities should cooperate, in order to allow the school to dedicate itself primarily to its main role.
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Proměny významu a role vzdělání ve společnosti / Metamorphoses of the Meaning and the Role of Education in the societyBrožová, Jana January 2021 (has links)
The main goal of this Thesis is to provide a closer look at the transformation of the meaning and the role of education in the context of changes in Euro-Atlantic society in the second half of the twentieth century. To understand the background of changes, the Thesis begins with a concept of education from a historical point of view. The milestone on the timeline is the 1970s and the emerging ideas of a new society, whereas a great deal of attention is paid to the theory of a post-industrial society. The concept of education in an Knowledge society and its continuity to working area of individuals living in the twenty-first century is the subject of the last chapter of the theoretical part of the Thesis. In the empirical part, I combine theoretical pieces of knowledge with attitudes of respondents. I try to discover whether they consider education as a quarantor of career advancement or whether they perceive it more as an insurance policy for maintaining their current status. Results of the exploratory study I expose at the conclusion of the Thesis.
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O movimento maker como enfrentamento à despotencialização neoliberal na sociedade pós-industrial : um estudo acerca dos impactos sociais da rede FAB LAB Livre da cidade de São Paulo /Moon, Rodrigo Malcolm de Barros January 2020 (has links)
Orientador: Dorival Campos Rossi / Resumo: Há uma problemática imensa entre as produções e os consumos em nossa sociedade. Se o nosso desejo opera por produção, registro e consumo, nas sociedades pré-industriais eles eram esferas da mesma subjetividade, mas com o surgimento do ‘casa de ferreiro espeto é de pau’, dos modelos de produção da sociedade industrial, começou-se a fabricar aquilo que não se consumia, e começou a se produzir muito. O registro se estabeleceu pelas narrativas que nos são despejadas diariamente, e o consumo, ora, é só o que fazemos. Essa dissociação do processo do viver impera sobre nós limitações cruéis. Identificamos aqui nosso foco: a despotencialização da subjetividade pela expropriação da produção desejante de si, pela introjeção de consumos pelas vias do capitalismo mundial integrado e que se registra pela lógica do mais-valor. E assim apontamos nossa hipótese: de que a reapropriação de máquinas desejantes das mais diversas pela experiência do fazer será capaz de acordar o corpo, despertar a mente e reativar os mecanismos do desejo no sujeito despotencializado. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é compreender as forças repressivas que atuam sobre os corpos numa dita sociedade pós-industrial e neoliberal e apontar o movimento maker como um modo de subjetivação que nos permita enfrentar tais forças repressivas, encontrando nos FAB LABs, e principalmente na rede FAB LAB Livre da cidade de São Paulo, a primeira e única rede de laboratórios públicos do mundo, apontamentos sobre como o empoderamento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: There is intense problem between production and consumption in our society. If our desire functions through production, registration and consumption, in the pre-industrial society these were all spheres within the same subjectivity, but with the appearance of the “the shoemaker’s son always goes barefoot”, the mode of production in the industrial society, were have started producing that which we do not consume. The record was established by the narratives that are poured onto us daily, and consumption, well, that is just what we do. This dissociation of the process of living, reigns over us setting its cruel boundaries. Here we identify our focus: the depotentialization of subjectivity by the expropriation of desiring production itself, by the introjection of consumption through the paths of integrated world capitalism and registered by surplus value logic. And so, propose our hypothesis: that the re-appropriation of the most diverse desiring machines by the experience of doing, will be able to wake the body, awaken the mind and reactivate the mechanisms of desire in the depotentialized subject. The general objective of this work is to comprehend the repressive forces that act over bodies in the so called post-industrial and neoliberal society and indicate the maker movement as the mode of subjectivation that allows us to face these repressive forces, finding in FAB LABs, and mainly in the FAB LAB Livre SP network, in São Paulo, the first and only public laboratories network... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
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Paslaugų sektoriaus poveikis užimtumui kaimo vietovėse / The impact of service sector on employment in rural areasČičinskaitė, Gintarė 14 January 2009 (has links)
Magistro studijų baigiamasis darbas, 53 puslapiai, 12 paveikslų, 6 lentelės, 50 literatūros šaltinių, lietuvių kalba. RAKTINIAI ŽODŽIAI: paslaugų sektorius, užimtumas, užimtumo lygis, poindustrinė visuomenė, transformacija. Tyrimo objektas: paslaugų sektorius kaimo vietovėse. Darbo tikslas: įvertinti paslaugų sektoriaus poveikį užimtumui kaimo vietovėse. Uždaviniai: • atskleisti vyraujančius požiūrius į gyventojų užimtumo teorines nuostatas; • išanalizuoti paslaugų sektorių ir gyventojų užimtumo struktūros transformacijas poindustrinėje visuomenėje; • išanalizuoti gyventojų užimtumo pokyčius kaimo vietovėse; • įvertinti gyventojų užimtumo problemas ir didinimo galimybes kaimo vietovėse; • pateikti paslaugų sektoriaus plėtros perspektyvas kaimo vietovėse . Tyrimo metodai: • gyventojų užimtumo teorinės nuostatos, paslaugų sektorius ir užimtumo struktūros transformacijos poindustrinėje visuomenėje pateikiami naudojant abstrakcinį, mokslinės literatūros, teisinių dokumentų, straipsnių, konferencijų bei interneto puslapiuose surinktos medžiagos analizės metodus; • analizuojant gyventojų užimtumo struktūros pokyčius kaimo vietovėse naudojami statistiniai duomenų rinkimo bei analizės metodai; • statistinės informacijos sisteminimui naudoti grupavimo, palyginimo bei grafinio vaizdavimo metodai. / Final work of Postgradeduate studies, 53 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables, 50 references, Lithuanian language. KEY WORDS: service sector, employment, employment rate, post-industrial society, transformation. The object of research: service sector in rural areas. The aim of work: evaluate the impact of service sector on employment in rural areas. Objectives: • to reveal the dominating theoretical attitudes of population employment; • to analyse the service sector and the structure transformations of population employment in post-industrial society; • to analyse the changes of population employment in rural areas; • to evaluate the problems and possibilities of population employment in rural areas; • to prefer the perspectives of development of service sector in rural areas. Research methods: • theoretical attitudes of population employment, service sector and the transformations of employment structure in post-industrial society are preferred according to such analysis methods as abstractic, nonfictions, legal documents, articles, conferences and internet material; • analysing the changes of population employment structure in rural areas are used the statistical accumulation and analysis of data methods; • the methods of grouping, comparison and graphic depiction are used for statistical systematize of information.
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Le systeme de santé irlandais de 1947 à 1987 / The history of the Irish healthcare system between 1947 and 1987Boutin, Cécile 04 December 2015 (has links)
Entre la naissance du ministère de la Santé en 1947 et l’année 1987, l’Irlande est-elle parvenue à prendre le train de la santé et du bien-être pour son peuple ? Certes, on consacrait année après année des sommes d’argent de plus en plus importantes au budget de la Santé et les résultats furent incontestables si l’on se focalise sur les différents indicateurs de Santé. Ainsi l’Irlande est-elle rapidement venue à bout de la tuberculose, par exemple...La notion même de système de santé a changé au cours de la période. Elle s’attachait jadis au fait de soigner les malades, et a progressivement mis l’accent sur la prévention, considérant le patient comme une personne à part entière avec toute une série de facettes sociales.Pour autant, la Santé pour le peuple implique également l’accès au système et l’égalité de traitement pour tous, ce qui n’a pas toujours été le cas – le grief classique fait au système de Santé irlandais étant que c’est un système à deux vitesses, puisque les détenteurs d’une carte médicale (de gratuité des soins) sont en fait victimes de discrimination : le système permet à ceux qui ne jouissent pas d’un accès gratuit de bénéficier en fait d’un service de meilleure qualité, ainsi que de listes d’attente moins longues.Afin d’analyser la manière dont fonctionnait le système de santé en 1987, quarante ans après sa naissance, cette thèse tente de décoder l’empreinte qu’a laissé l’Histoire sur ses infrastructures (les hôpitaux, par exemple) ainsi que sur ses structures administratives.L’étape suivante consiste à étudier l’évolution du système, qui fut lente et entravée par diverses forces luttant contre le changement (comme la Hiérarchie catholique ou les docteurs).Notre étude souligne enfin l’impact de l’entrée de l’Irlande dans la Communauté Economique Européenne (CEE) et son attitude dans le grand débat des années quatre-vingts autour de la crise de l’Etat-Providence qui résultait de l’éthique économique conservatrice qui occupait le devant de la scène à l’époque. / Between the birth of the Ministry of Health in 1947 and 1987, has Ireland managed to jump on the bandwagon of health and welfare for its people? True enough, more and more money was poured into healthcare year after year and the results were indisputable if one focuses on the various health indicators. Ireland quickly managed to get rid of tuberculosis, for instance...The very notion of healthcare changed a lot during the period. It used to focus on curing the sick, and gradually gave more and more importance to prevention, regarding the patient as a full-fledged person with a whole series of social facets.Still, healthcare for the people also implies eligibility and equality of treatment for all, which has not always been the case – the classic reproach against the Irish healthcare system being that it is a two-tier system, the holders of a medical card being in fact discriminated against by a system which allows those who do not benefit from free access to it to actually enjoy a better service together with shorter waiting lists.In order to analyse the way the Irish system functioned in 1987, forty years after its birth, this PhD attempts at deciphering the imprint History had left on its infrastructures (hospitals, for instance) and on its administrative structures.The next step consists in studying the evolution of the system, which was slow and hindered by various forces fighting against change (like the catholic Hierarchy or the doctors).Finally, our study highlights the impact of Ireland’s EEC membership and the country’s stance in the great debate of the eighties over the notion of welfare crisis, stemming from the economic conservative ethos that prevailed at the time.
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Digitaliseringen förändrar : En kvalitativ studie om digitaliseringens påverkan på organisationer / The changes of digitalization : A qualitative study on impacts of digitizing organizationsAndebratt, Lisa, Björnman, Nathalie January 2018 (has links)
Tidigare forskning visar att två huvudsakliga faktorer som leder till förändring är framväxande innovation på marknaden och teknologin. Digitaliseringen ökar förändringstakten i både samhället och organisationer vilket ställer nya krav. Tidigare forskning visar också att förändringsarbete i organisationen är svårt att genomföra. Forskning om digitaliseringen inom ekonomi- och managementområdet är begränsad men visar att digitaliseringen har påverkat organisationer och därför har den här studien fokuserat på hur organisationen har påverkats. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur digitaliseringen har påverkat organisationer med avseende på arbetsprocesser och organisationsstruktur. För att uppnå syftet med studien har en kvalitativ metod använts där elva chefer från åtta olika organisationer har intervjuats. För att få en förståelse för hur digitaliseringen har påverkat organisationer har vi utvecklat en teoretisk referensram. Studien utgår från centrala teorier som behandlar digitalisering, kunskap- och tjänstesamhället, organisationsförändringar samt institutionalisering. Analysen bygger på jämförelser mellan teori och insamlad empiri. Utifrån analysen är vår slutsats att digitaliseringen har förändrat organisationer genom en ökad automatisering av arbetsprocesser. Även kundkraven har förändrats vilket ställer nya krav på tillgänglighet, flexibilitet och ett ökat digitalt utbud. Det i sin tur har förändrat organisationsstrukturen och arbetsprocesser då nya yrkesroller har framkommit som har mer fokus på kunden, utveckling och förändring. / Previous research has shown that the two predominant factors contributing to change management are emerging technologies and market innovations. Digitalization increases the rate of change in both society and in organizations thus continually putting new demands on them both. Previous research also demonstrates that organizational change is hard to implement. Research on digitalization within the fields of Economics and Management is limited but still shows that digitalization has influenced organizations. This study, therefore, focuses on how organizations have been effected by digitalization. The purpose of this study is to examine how digitalization has impacted upon the work processes and organizational structures of an organization. To this end, the study is based on qualitative methodology in which eleven managers from eight different organizations where interviewed. To get an understanding of how digitalization has effected these organizations we have developed a theoretical frame of reference. The study draws on relevant theories that discuss digitalization, knowledge- and service-society, organizational change and institutionalization. The analysis is based on comparisons between theory and empirical data. From the analysis we draw the conclusion that digitalization has changed the organizations through increased automation of work processes. What’s more, customer demands have changed, placing new demands on availability, flexibility and increased digital offers. This, in turn has changed the organizational structure and work processes by creating new job roles that focus on the customer, development and change.
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"More than Planners, Less than Utopians:" 1960s Futurism and Post-Industrial TheoryVerschoor, Jasper 20 September 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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