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O processo de desenvolvimento de produto é uma atividade caracterizada por um ciclo de projetar-construir-testar que faz uso intensivo do conhecimento existente na empresa. Uma parte dele está armazenada nos documentos gerados no decorrer deste processo, são os conhecimentos explícitos. Este trabalho analisa as soluções computacionais dedicadas a auxiliar na gestão deste tipo de conhecimento e demonstra vários problemas: falta de um modelo conceitual apropriado; limitações referentes aos tipos de conhecimentos armazenados; e falta de uma sistemática de validação e sistematização. Propõe-se um conjunto de elementos, arquitetura, para superá-los, o qual pode ser utilizado como referência para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de gestão de conhecimentos explícitos. A arquitetura foi empregada no desenvolvimento de uma solução computacional específica, utilizando uma ferramenta de modelagem e uma intranet, e esta foi posteriormente aplicada para a gestão dos conhecimentos dentro de um grupo de pesquisa. Os resultados demonstram que a arquitetura é viável e que o sistema pode e deve ser aplicado em empresas que desenvolvam produtos. Encerra-se o trabalho apresentando as propostas de melhoria e de novas avaliações para ambas, a arquitetura e a solução desenvolvidas / The product development is characterized by a continuing design-build-test cycle, marked by experimentation and the intensive use of enterprise knowledge. Part of them is tangible and is stored in the documents created during the product development process, named explicit knowledge. This work analyzes the computational solutions for support the explicit knowledge management. As result present a set of common limitations of commercial tools applied in this area. Three important aspects are: a lack of conceptual model to link the information systems at knowledge management effort; small knowledge representation types manipulated by these systems; and a lack of knowledge validation model, sufficient to "filter" the explicit knowledge created. For encompass these challenges, this work presents an architecture (a set of elements) designed to build explicit knowledge management systems. A solution aided by the architecture was created, which integrates a commercial modeling tool and an intranet especially designed. Finally, this solution was applied at specific case: to manage the explicit knowledge of a research group. The results show that the architecture is viable and sufficient to create explicit knowledge management systems. Finalizing, the work presents a set of future findings to architecture's development research

Constant product development for integration and optimization is a crucial part of companies today. With industrial components comes the challenge with how these parts can be integrated and optimized the best for the system. One example is a hydraulic elevator system, to integrate and optimize the design, the rest of the valve system has to be taken into consideration. This thesis contains the integration and optimization of a check valve solution designed with the help of the product development process in hopes of reducing costs for the manufacturing process for the company. The thesis resulted in an optimized check valve solution with 6 bolts connected with the hydraulic elevator valve system. The requirements were fulfilled but some were not possible to achieve without a physical copy.

Inhalt In diesem Beitrag wird die Kombination von virtuellen und experimentellen Methoden im Produktentwicklungsprozess am Beispiel einer Handhabungseinheit zur automatisierten Ablage technischer Textilien thematisiert. Um das Automatisierungspotenzial in den Fertigungsprozessen zum Aufbau von Faserverbundstrukturen zu erschließen, entwickelt das Institut für integrierte Produktentwicklung (BIK) seit längerem Handhabungseinheiten für technische Textilien. Eine automatisierte Fertigung soll die Reproduzierbarkeit und die Qualität von Bauteilen erhöhen, um z.B. den Beanspruchungen bei größer werdenden Rotorblättern von Windenergieanlagen gerecht zu werden. Ein weiteres Ziel der Automatisierung besteht in der Reduzierung von Prozesszeiten und Fertigungskosten, um den Fertigungsstandort Deutschland in Zukunft attraktiv zu gestalten. Die erfolgreiche Umsetzung der Produktentwicklung erfolgt am BIK unter kombinierter Anwendung von virtuellen und experimentellen Methoden. Insbesondere bei der Handhabung von technischen Textilien, deren biege- und schubweichen Materialeigenschaften nur mit hohem Aufwand in einer virtuellen Umgebung abgebildet werden können, ist das Durchführen von experimentellen Methoden bei komplex ablaufenden dynamischen Prozessen notwendig, um nicht vorhersehbares Materialverhalten zu identifizieren.

Le monde industriel actuel connaît des changements fréquents et parfois brutaux suite aux progrès que connaissent la science et les technologies et aux besoins des clients, qui sont de plus en plus exigeants. Par conséquent, pour faire face à ces perturbations et assurer leur compétitivité, les industriels développent des méthodes pour maîtriser et améliorer leur processus pour plus de performance. Le Lean management est une de ces méthodes qui a pu faire ses preuves dans le pilotage et l’amélioration des processus (en particulier de production).Néanmoins, le Processus de Développement de Produit (PDP) reste le socle des enjeux industriels car c’est à ce stade que les grandes décisions liées à la stratégie, l’organisation, les délais et les coûts de conception et de fabrication sont prises, d’où l’intérêt de développer des méthodes pour piloter et améliorer ce processus. Or, la complexité du PDP rend difficile l’application directe des méthodes Lean déjà existantes.De ce fait, notre projet de recherche a pour objectif de proposer une méthodologie de pilotage et d’amélioration du PDP, basée sur une approche Lean et visant la gestion de la création et de la transformation de la valeur dans ce processus. Cette méthodologie adapte en particulier les deux premiers principes du Lean, à savoir la définition de la valeur et sa cartographie dans le processus considéré.Nous avons donc pu proposer un cadre de définition de la valeur qui puisse s’adapter au cours du temps à la stratégie d’une entreprise. Cette définition vise à une prise en compte exhaustive des parties prenantes du PDP, pour que la valeur soit partagée par tous. Nous avons aussi proposé un outil de cartographie de cette valeur sur le PDP, qui répond aux spécificités du PDP et de la définition de la valeur. L’ensemble de ces travaux ont pu être testés au sein de notre partenaire industriel, Exxelia Technologies. / The current industrial world is facing frequent changes, which are sometimes abrupt. This is due to the scientific and technical progresses and increasingly challenging needs of customers. Therefore, to deal with these disruptions and ensure competitiveness, manufacturers are developing methods to control and improve their processes for greater performance. Lean management is one of such methods that has proven its effectiveness in controlling and improving process (especially in manufacturing process). However, the Product Development Process (PDP) remains one of the most important industrial challenges, since it is where PDP actors take the major decisions related to strategy, organization, delay, development and manufacturing costs. That is why methods to control and improve this process have to be developed. Nevertheless, the PDP complexity makes direct application of existing Lean methods difficult. Thus, this research project aims at proposing a methodology for controlling and improving the PDP based on a Lean approach in order to manage the creation and the transformation of the value in this process. This methodology adapts especially the first two principles of Lean, namely the definition of value and its mapping in the given process. We so propose a framework for defining value that can be adapted to the evolutions of the company’s strategy. This definition tries to exhaustively take into account all the PDP stakeholders, so that the value is shared by everyone. We also propose a value mapping tool for the PDP, which complies with PDP specificities and proposed value definition.All these research works have been tested in the industrial partner, Exxelia Technologies

The quality aspect of mechanical components is a significant factor forcustomer satisfaction. By increasing the robustness, the product will be moreresistant to non-ideal situations and the perceived quality would be increased.A concept design for the case of A-Stay mounting on articulated haulers isdeveloped to increase the robustness of the product and removing the risk formechanical failure. A modified product development process with focus onaspects of assembly and robust design is used to generate concepts anddeveloping a concept design. The process resulted in a concept that increasesthe robustness of the system, both through higher redundancy and improvedcontrol of the noise factors.

The increasing demands on producing products in an effective and resource efficient manner has put more focus on modelling internal processes within organizations. Models of internal processes show what work is to be done and how to do the work in order to get to the desired result. Modelling internal processes is also a way to capture knowledge that by many is seen as the most meaningful resource and valuable asset in today’s organizations.  This thesis project has created a model of the project process for customized truck development (s-order) at Scania. The purpose has been to create a model that facilitates the everyday work of the project managers and can be used to improve the process. The goal of this report is to add to the theoretic field of process modelling by focusing on how to use a process model. A qualitative case study was conducted in parallel to a literature study. The result is a model in two layers providing different levels of detail. The model can be used for project planning, project execution, project control and project development the most important part being to create a standardized way of working which is the basis for a lean product development. The process of modelling can in itself generate important insights into a process, the report therefore ends with a discussion on suggestions for improvement of the s-order projects towards becoming a more lean product development process. / De ökande kraven på att producera varor på ett effektivt sätt med minskad användning av resurser ställer ökande krav på att modellera interna processer inom företag. Modeller av interna processer visar vad som ska göras i en process och när arbetet ska utföras för att få önskat resultat. Att modeller interna processer är också ett sätt att fånga kunskap som i stor utsträckning ses som den mest värdefulla tillgången i dagens organisationer. Detta projekt arbete har skapat en processmodell över projektprocessen för specialbeställda lastbilar (s-order) på Scania. Syftet har varit att skapa en modell som underlättar i projektledarnas dagliga arbete och som även kan användas som underlag för förbättringar av processen. Målet har varit att addera till det teoretiska fältet för process modellering genom att fokusera på hur modellen kan användas. En kvalitativ fallstudie har utförs parallellt med en litteraturstudie. Resultatet är en process modell i två lager med olika detaljnivå. Modellen kan användas för projektplanering, i utförandet av projekten, som kontroll av projekten och för utveckling av projekt processen, den viktigaste rollen är att en modell skapar basen för ett standardiserat arbetssätt, grunden för lean produktutveckling. Att modellera en process kan ge viktiga insikter i processen, rapporten avslutas därför med en diskussion kring åtgärder för hur s-order processen kan förbättras för att bli en mer lean produktutvecklingsprocess.

This project is in collaboration with Linnaeus University and Combitech AB, and part of the research arena WARA-PS, focuses on enhancing autonomous vehicles and their societal integration. By incorporating advanced autonomous systems, sensors, and communication tools across land, air, and sea, the aim is to reduce human intervention in hazardous environments. Current watercrafts are technically equipped but suffer from low availability and high manufacturing costs. The project proposes a modular and adaptable design, allowing 3D-printing of watercraft parts to customize for specific needs. The goal is to develop a 3D-printed watercraft applicable in research, rescue missions, and societal uses. The resulting nearly full-scale watercraft features a functioning drivetrain and detailed manufacturing documentation, highlighting waterproofing and customizable technical components. Extensive testing ensured its functionality and performance under various conditions.

I dagens samhälle arbetar produktutvecklande företag vanligtvis inom projekt där en projektledare driver arbetet. Arbetet med hållbar utveckling har blivit alltmer grundläggande för företag i samband med den ökade konsumtionen och globaliseringen. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilken roll projektledaren spelar vid implementering av hållbar utveckling i produktutvecklingsprocessen. Arbetet ämnar till att utreda detta med avseende på projektledarens handlingsutrymme som anger hur mycket projektledarrollen styrs av företagets interna och externa lagar och regler. För att få en förståelse för nuvarande kunskapsläge kring ämnet utfördes arbetet inledningsvis med en omfattande litteraturstudie. Därefter genomfördes den kvalitativa undersökningen i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer på fyra olika respondenter. Samtliga respondenter arbetar i projekt och har en ledande roll i arbetet. Intervjuerna gav underlag till att skriva en empiri som därefter analyserades samt jämfördes med litteraturstudien vilket genererade en diskussion kring ämnet. Skribenternas slutsats efter avslutat arbete är att projektledarrollen skiljer sig åt markant beroende på storleken av företaget, den produkt företaget tillverkar samt kundens efterfrågan. Detta påverkar hur projektledaren arbetar samt dess möjligheter att påverka implementeringen av hållbar utveckling i produktutvecklingsprocessen. Resultatet från studien påvisar att konflikten mellan hållbar utveckling och ekonomisk vinst är den huvudsakliga utmaningen som påverkar både hur företaget och projektledaren arbetar med hållbara frågor. Med tanke på att undersökningen utfördes på vinstdrivande organisationer visade det sig även att arbetet med hållbar utveckling ibland måste uppoffras på grund av att den ekonomiska tillväxten är en prioritering. Å andra sidan visade det sig att det finns insatser som gynnar den hållbara utvecklingen tack vare regler som projektledaren följer samt ur vissa aspekter även projektledarens egna interna vilja att förespråka för en hållbar utveckling. / In today's society, product development in companies is usually organized in projects where project managers guide the work. In conjunction with increased consumption and globalization, sustainability becomes an increasingly important issue for product development in all areas. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of project managers in incorporating sustainable development into the product development process. The study aims at investigating the managers' role with respect to their level of authority. The study focuses on possibilities and opportunities for project managers to influence the development process to improve sustainability, constrained by the company's laws and regulations. In order to gain an understanding of the current state-of-the-art on the subject, the study commenced with a literature survey. Next, qualitative semi-structured interviews of four different respondents were conducted to survey the current best practices. All respondents were in project leadership positions. The interviews provided a basis for the empirical study which was then analyzed and compared to the literary study and which, in turn, resulted in a discussionon the subject. After completing the work, the authors have come to the realization that the project manager role differs markedly depending on the size of the company, the product the company manufactures, and customers' demand. These factors affect the project managers' work and their opportunities to influence the implementation of sustainable development into the product development process. The results from the study show that the main challenge is the conflict between the principles of sustainable development and the need for commercial profit. This conflict affects both how the company as a whole and the project manager's work towards improved sustainability. It became apparent that with commercial organizations such as those surveyed in this study, sustainable development sometimes has to be sacrificed in favor of economic growth. On the other hand, it became equally apparent that initiatives that benefit sustainability can emerge thanks to rules that project managers can impose based on the company's political or the project manager's own personal will.

Hållbarhet är ett brett begrepp som kan definieras på många olika sätt. I denna rapporten undersöks hållbarhet utifrån produktens perspektiv, med avseende på produktutvecklingsprocessen. Mer specifikt är det sättet som man arbetar och tar beslut på i produktutvecklingsprojekt med avseende på produktens hållbarhet som står i centrum. Två företag som sysslar med farkoster analyseras i rapporten, där det ena företaget arbetar med utveckling av vägfordon och det andra med komponenter till flygplansmotorer. Metodiken bakom arbetet består av en litteraturstudie samt en intervjustudie där två respondenter från respektive företag intervjuas med hjälp av en förberedd intervjuguide.  Resultatet av intervjustudien presenteras sedan, uppdelat i olika teman som är relaterade till hållbarhet. Dessa teman diskuteras sedan i relation till den teoretiska referensramen. Resultaten av rapporten var till stor del överensstämmande med litteraturstudien och då båda företagen är involverade med farkoster som använder fossila bränslen uppstod flera likheter i deras hållbarhetskravshantering. Ett exempel på detta är bland annat när i produktutvecklingsprocessen identifiering av hållbarhetskrav sker. Aspekter som beslutsprocessen, hanteringen, ansvaret och utvärderingen av hållbarhetskrav visade sig vara komplicerade, och även fast teorin gick att applicera på mycket var det inte ovanligt att frågor kring dessa områden inte hade något definit svar. För vidare forskning föreslås exempelvis en djupare analys av produktutveckling av produkter med lång livslängd och hur detta samspelar med hållbarhet för produkten. Även återkommande begrepp i rapporten som livscykelperspektiv är rekommenderade aspekter av hållbarhet för vidare forskning kring, då detta framstod som relativt nytt i respektive betraktat företag. / Sustainability is a broad concept that can be defined in many different ways. In this report sustainability is examined from the product's perspective, with respect to the product development process. Specifically, it is the way that companies work and make decisions in product development projects in regards to the product's sustainability that is the central subject. Two companies that work with vehicles were analyzed in the report, where the first company works with the development of road vehicles and the second company works with the development of components for jet engines. The method behind this report consists of a literature study and an interview study where two respondents from each company are interviewed with the help of a prepared interview guide. The results of the interview study were then presented, and divided into different categories related to sustainability. These  categories were then discussed in relation to the literature study. The results of the report were in large part in agreement with the literature study, and because both companies are involved in the development of different types of vehicles that use fossil fuel there were several similarities related to their sustainability requirement management. One example of this is the identification process of requirements and at what point identification occurs. Aspects such as decision making, the handling, the responsibility and evaluation of sustainability requirements proved to be complicated, and even though the established literature study was applicable it was common that questions regarding these topics did not have definite answers. For further research it is recommended that for example a deeper analysis of long product development cycles is made and how this relates to the sustainability work in the development process. Also, recurring terms as "life cycle assessment" are recommended for further research since this was something that was relatively new to both companies.