The present work aimed to evaluate the influence of different methods of plant growth promoting bacterium (PGPB) Azospirillum brasilense inoculated at vegetative development and grain yield of corn in different relief zones. The research was carried in Cruzeiro do Sul (RS) with mechanized sowing of Velox TL® very early hybrid corn, in the 2015/2016 harvest. The treatments were: seed Inoculation and nitrogen fertilization (T1); directed spraying in furrow and nitrogen fertilization (T2); and control, only with nitrogen fertilization (T3). The experimental design was a factorial 3x3, considering three inoculation methods (seed inoculation, directed spraying in furrow and no inoculation) and three relief zones (high, medium and low levels), with three replications. The following variables were determinate: plant height, stem diameter, total dry matter and number of grains per plant. The data were submitted to the Tukey test, at 5% probability of error level. There was no interaction between inoculation methods and relief zones. Both directed spraying in furrow and corn seed inoculation with diazotrophic bacterium Azospirillum brasilense provided only a higher final average height of the plants, when compared to the traditional management, without the use of seed inoculation. Thus, Azospirillum brasilense promotes greater height development of Velox TL® hybrid corn, without, however, influence on stem diameter, total dry matter and number of grains per plant. Stem diameter variable was influenced by relief zones, which presents greater development in the average zone in comparison to the low zone, demonstrating the importance of precision agriculture that not consider areas as being homogeneous. / O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência do emprego de diferentes métodos de inoculação de bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas (BPCP) Azospirillum brasilense no desenvolvimento vegetativo e na produção de grãos da cultura do milho em diferentes zonas de relevo. O experimento foi conduzido em Cruzeiro do Sul (RS), com a semeadura mecanizada do híbrido de milho Velox TL®, de ciclo superprecoce, na safra 2015/2016, mediante a inoculação direta das sementes e aplicação de nitrogênio (T1); inoculação dirigida no sulco e aplicação de nitrogênio (T2) e a testemunha, com a aplicação de nitrogênio e sem inoculação das sementes (T3). O delineamento experimental foi um fatorial 3x3, considerando três métodos de inoculação (inoculação de sementes, aplicação dirigida no sulco e sem inoculação) e três distintas zonas de relevo (alta, média e baixa altitude), com três repetições. Foram determinadas as variáveis altura de planta, diâmetro do colmo, matéria seca total e número de grãos por planta. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Tukey, ao nível de 5% de probabilidade de erro. Não houve interação entre os métodos de inoculação e as zonas de relevo. A inoculação da bactéria diazotrófica Azospirillum brasilense, tanto no tratamento de aplicação dirigida no sulco, como na inoculação direta das sementes de milho, proporcionou apenas maior altura média final das plantas, quando comparadas ao manejo tradicional, sem a utilização de inoculação das sementes. Dessa forma, o Azospirillum brasilense proporcionou maior altura do milho híbrido Velox TL®, sem, contudo, influenciar no diâmetro do colmo, matéria seca total e número de grãos por planta. A variável diâmetro do colmo foi influenciada pela posição no relevo, que apresentou maior tamanho na zona de média altitude, em comparação com a de baixa altitude, demonstrando a importância da agricultura de precisão, ao não considerar as áreas como sendo homogêneas.

Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2016-08-04T13:10:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Karen Cristina Fialho dos Santos.pdf: 989764 bytes, checksum: 20831bbd6a6bf051ec590c5f66b24703 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-04T13:10:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karen Cristina Fialho dos Santos.pdf: 989764 bytes, checksum: 20831bbd6a6bf051ec590c5f66b24703 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-24 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Soil salinity is a growing problem that has been developed in an uncontrolled manner throughout the world, having as causes: the release of salts from the source material, or excessive irrigation with water of poor quality and high evapotranspiration, which is not account is offset by the low annual rainfall, promoting the degradation of large areas. To the rehabilitation, the use of plants for phytoextraction of soil salts, such as Atriplex nummularia, has proved quite feasible. For species that can grow in extreme environments, such as the Atriplex, symbiotic associations with microorganisms adapted to this environment may contribute to its establishment and effectiveness in extracting salt. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the biological activity and the organisms in saline sodic soil in the presence or absence of Atriplex nummularia that may contribute to the development of the halophyte species. We studied microorganisms associated with environments with and without plants of A. nummularia deployed in a field experiment in Fluvic Neossoils saline sodic in the city of Pesqueira-PE. Two samples were taken, one in the dry season and another in the rainy season when the soil is completely saturated by water. Soil samples were analyzed for microbial activity and biological bioprospecting by isolating of the bacteria, which were chosen according to the different shapes and colors of the colonies, and also by testing for nitrogen fixation and production of IAA. The results of microbial activity showed that the distance from the root interfere in the general data of carbon and nitrogen of microbial biomass and basal respiration, and the highest values found near the roots of the plant, indicating that the presence of Atriplex tends to promote a increase in soil microbes and also that greater interaction with the roots in dry periods, promotes a benefit to the organisms found on site. The bacterial population studied in all the points collected in both periods was higher in the rhizoplane, reinforcing the strong association of these microorganisms, particularly bacteria with plants of Atriplex. The endophytic bacteria isolated from leaf and root tissues of plants of A. nummularia, even in smaller quantities in relation to population density, were able in two sampling in fix nitrogen and produce IAA in a satisfactory percentage, showing the importance of endophytic bacteria for the development of plants of the species because they may be contributing for the capacity of this plant biomass production in salt affected soils, thus increasing the potential of more species for phytoextraction. / A salinidade dos solos é um problema crescente e que vem se acentuando de forma descontrolada em todo o mundo, tendo como causas: a liberação de sais do material de origem, a irrigação em excesso ou com água de má qualidade e a elevada evapotranspiração, que não é compensada por conta das baixas taxas pluviométricas, promovendo a degradação de extensas áreas. Para a reabilitação, a utilização de plantas fitoextratoras de sais do solo, como a Atriplex nummularia, tem-se mostrado bastante viável. Para espécies que conseguem se desenvolver em ambientes extremos, como é o caso da Atriplex, associações simbióticas com microorganismos adaptados a este ambiente pode colaborar para seu estabelecimento e efetividade na extração de sais. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar a atividade biológica e os organismos presentes em solo salino sódico na presença ou ausência de Atriplex nummularia que possam contribuir para o desenvolvimento desta espécie halófita. Foram estudados microorganismos associados a ambientes com e sem plantas de A. nummularia em experimento de campo implantado em Neossolo Flúvico salino sódico no Município de Pesqueira-PE. Duas amostragens foram realizadas, sendo uma no período seco e outra no período chuvoso, quando o solo se encontra completamente saturado por água. Nas amostras de solo foram realizadas análises da atividade microbiana e bioprospecção biológica através do isolamento das bactérias, que foram escolhidas de acordo com os diferentes formatos e colorações das colônias, e também através de testes para fixação de nitrogênio e produção de AIA. Os resultados da atividade microbiana demonstram que a distância da raiz interfere nos dados gerais de carbono e nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana, bem como da respiração basal, sendo os maiores valores encontrados próximos às raízes da planta, indicando que a presença da Atriplex tende a promover um aumento na microbiota do solo e também que uma maior interação com as raízes, em períodos de seca, promove um benefício aos microrganismos encontrados no local. A densidade populacional bacteriana estudada em todos os pontos nos dois períodos coletados foi maior no rizoplano, reforçando a forte associação destes microrganismos, em especial, bactérias com plantas de Atriplex. As bactérias endofíticas isoladas dos tecidos da folha e raiz das plantas de A. nummularia, mesmo em menor quantidade em relação à densidade populacional, foram capazes nas duas coletadas realizadas de fixar nitrogênio e produzir AIA em percentuais satisfatórios,mostrando a importância das bactérias endofíticas para o bom desenvolvimento das plantas da espécie pelo fato de que estas podem estar contribuindo para a capacidade de produção de biomassa desta planta em solos afetados por sais, aumentando desta forma a maior capacidade de fitoextração pela espécie.

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2014-11-18T13:29:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Ana Lucia Alves Carneiro da Silva - 2013.pdf: 2172004 bytes, checksum: 778df802938764ce461ba8fe9284b68b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-11-18T13:34:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Ana Lucia Alves Carneiro da Silva - 2013.pdf: 2172004 bytes, checksum: 778df802938764ce461ba8fe9284b68b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-18T13:34:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao - Ana Lucia Alves Carneiro da Silva - 2013.pdf: 2172004 bytes, checksum: 778df802938764ce461ba8fe9284b68b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-19 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / In the late twentieth century, health promotion emerged in answer to individual responsibility for health. Therefore, a service reorientation was proposed considering intersectoralaction as an important tool. The Brazilian Program Health in School is an iniciative focused on the partnership between Family Health teams and school community. To accomplish such partnership and build healthier schools, a program of continuing education is required. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and practices of health promotion in the school context. The study was conduct using descriptive qualitative research. Data were collected from the participants in a course on health promotion practices through focus groups and, later, analyzed using Tesch’s proposition. The results suggest that the participant’s concepts and descriptions of the facilitators and the hindering factors evolved from a discourse centered on the individual to a perception of the collective. Then, we suggest the need to expand opportunities for continuing education, approaching both theoretical and practical content. / A promoção da saúde emergiu no final do século XX em resposta a responsabilização do indivíduo pela saúde, propondo a reorientação dos serviços, sendo a intersetorialidade uma importante ferramenta. O Programa Saúde na Escola é uma iniciativa com foco na parceria entre as equipes de Saúde da Família e a comunidade escolar, sendo necessária a realização de educação permanente para a construção de escolas saudáveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os saberes e práticas de promoção da saúde, entre profissionais da saúde e da educação, no contexto da escola. O estudo foi realizado por meio de pesquisa qualitativa descritiva. Os dados foram coletados junto aos participantes de um curso de práticas promotoras de saúde, por meio de grupos focais e os dados foram analisados pela proposta de Tesch. Os resultados sugerem que as concepções dos participantes e a descrição de facilitadores e dificultadores das práticas, evoluíram de um discurso centrado no indivíduo para uma percepção sobre o coletivo. Sugere-se a necessidade de ampliar as oportunidades de educação permanente, aproximando conteúdos teóricos e práticas.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-03-03T10:52:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Samara Marques de Moura - 2014.pdf: 1961051 bytes, checksum: 176e712199880a7df9362796d6935e6f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-03-03T11:54:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Samara Marques de Moura - 2014.pdf: 1961051 bytes, checksum: 176e712199880a7df9362796d6935e6f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-03T11:54:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Samara Marques de Moura - 2014.pdf: 1961051 bytes, checksum: 176e712199880a7df9362796d6935e6f (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-04 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / Health Promotion is one strategy that seek to improve the population´s quality of life. For that reason, intersectoral partnerships are necessay, since they require knowledges´ articulation, commitment between institutions, organizations and individuals to reach solutions for complex problems. One example of a public initiative of intersectoral action is the School Health Program (PSE), established in 2007 by the Brazilian Ministries of Health and Education, on the perspective of comprehensive healthcare (prevention, promotion and assistance) of children, adolescents and young people enrolled in the public schools in partnership with basic health units. The evaluation of this policy and its implementation may legitimate Health Promotion and generate evidence that their actions may produce significant changes in the life conditions of individuals, groups and communities. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential of PSE as an instrument of intersectoral action in the context of health promotion in a large municipality. Through a qualitative approach, education professionals and their corresponding teams of the Family Health Strategy were interviewed , and also students who benefited from the program, as well as members of the municipal Working Group of the Intersectoral PSE of Goiânia. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using content analysis to formulate emerging analytical categories. From the interviews, the process of implementation of PSE, the perceptions of respondents of the themes developed in the PSE´s projects regarding intersectoral matters, the impact of actions developed in the school community, the facilitators and the shortcomings in undertaking the actions, the PSE´s potential to induce intersectoral actions and future perspectives were described. The results allowed a better understanding of the PSE, showing that there is no evidence of the consolidation of intersectoral actions, but there was an approximation and the emergence of important partnerships and actions aiming the establishment of healthy school environment within the Health Promotion. / A Promoção da Saúde é uma das estratégias para a melhoria da qualidade de vida da população. Para isso, há necessidade de parcerias intersetoriais, já que elas pressupõem articulação de saberes, compromisso entre instituições, organizações e pessoas para o alcance de soluções de problemas complexos. Exemplo de iniciativa pública de intersetorialidade é o Programa Saúde na Escola – PSE, instituído em 2007 pelos Ministérios da Saúde e da Educação, na perspectiva da atenção integral (prevenção, promoção e atenção) à saúde de crianças, adolescentes e jovens do ensino público básico, no âmbito das escolas e unidades básicas de saúde. A avaliação dessa política e sua prática podem conferir legitimidade à Promoção da Saúde se gerar evidências de que suas ações são capazes de produzir mudanças significativas nas condições de vida das pessoas, grupos e comunidades. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o potencial do PSE como instrumento de intersetorialidade no contexto da Promoção da Saúde em um município de grande porte. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa foram entrevistados profissionais da educação com suas correspondentes Equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família, estudantes beneficiados com o programa, além de integrantes do Grupo de Trabalho Intersetorial Municipal do PSE de Goiânia. As entrevistas foram transcritas e os dados analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo com formulação de categorias analíticas emergentes. A partir das entrevistas, descreveu-se o processo de implementação do PSE e as percepções dos respondentes sobre as temáticas desenvolvidas nos projetos do PSE quanto à intersetorialidade, os impactos das ações desenvolvidas junto à comunidade escolar, os fatores considerados facilitadores e dificultadores para a realização das ações, percepção sobre a potencialidade do PSE em induzir ações intersetoriais e as perspectivas futuras com o programa. Os resultados permitiram entender sobre o PSE, mostrando que ainda não há de fato a consolidação da intersetorialidade, mas que houve aproximação e o surgimento de parcerias importantes para a construção de ações saudáveis no ambiente escolar e no âmbito da Promoção da Saúde.

Soils have been contaminated with cadmium (Cd) by the use of fertilizers, calcareous, pesticides and industrial and/or domestic effluents. It can be leached to groundwater, as well as be taken up by plants potentially leading to reduce growth and yield. It causes different damages to the cell, generating oxidative stress which is responsible for its toxicity, affecting all living organism. A balance in the redox state of the cell to maintain cellular integrity and metabolism is essential for organism tolerance. Thus, the antioxidant response of bacteria exposed to Cd was studied to understand the tolerance mechanism, and be able to develop a methodology to bioremediate contaminated soils. MDA and hydrogen peroxide contents and different enzymes activity of antioxidant system (SOD, CAT, GR and GST) of two strains from Burkholderia genus, one from a soil contaminated with Cd in high concentrations (strain SCMS54) and the other from soil without Cd (strain SNMS32) in two exposure time (5 and 12 h), were analyzed. Stress measurement (MDA and hydrogen peroxide content) and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GR and GST) increased in almost all treatments in the presence of Cd. These results also indicate that strain SCMS54 (isolated from Cd contaminated soil) presents a higher metabolic diversity and plasticity due the expression of more isoforms of the enzymes SOD, CAT and GR. The strain also accumulates 50% more Cd. We also analyzed the response to Ni of these two strain, observing a similar response to Cd, except for GST enzyme expression, which in strain SCMS54 this enzyme was induced in the presence of Ni, indicating that this enzyme can be essential on Ni tolerance. After that, the strain isolated from Cd contaminated soil (SCMS54) was selected to proceed the studies to evaluate the benefits of tolerant microorganism-tomato plant interaction. The use of plants to remove heavy metals from contaminated soilhas less impact and a lower cost. Soil microorganisms can be able to solubilize or mobilize soil metals acting also as bioremediator. Besides the high tolerance to Cd, the strain SCMS54 can produce indole-acetic acid (IAA), solubilize inorganic phosphate and produce siderophore, revealing its potential in plantmicroorganism mutual and beneficial interaction. When interacting with tomato plants exposed to Cd, this bacterium led to decrease in plant peroxide concentration and chlorosis levels, promoted relative plant growth and reduced the root absorption of Cd resulting in an increase in plant tolerance to this highly toxic heavy metal. Indicating that inoculation of tomato plants with Burkholderia sp. SCMS54 promotes better growth when cultivated in the presence of Cd by a mechanism that appears to decrease Cd concentration in roots as a result of a bacterial-plant root beneficial interaction. / O cádmio (Cd) tem contaminado solos pelo uso de fertilizantes, calcário, agrotóxicos e resíduos industriais e/ou domésticos. Podendo ser lixiviado ao lençol freático ou absorvido pelas plantas,resultando na redução do crescimento e da produtividade. Esse metal afeta todos os organismos vivos e causa diferentes danos às células. A tolerância a esse metal se deve principalmente ao balanço do estado redox da célula para manter a integridade celular e metabolismo.Assim, foram isoladas bactérias de solo contaminado e não contaminado com Cd, selecionando isolados tolerantes a altas concentrações de diferentes metais (Cd, Ni e Zn), em seguida, foi observado a resposta do sistema antioxidante da bactéria na presença do Cd, a fim de auxiliar no desenvolvimento de metodologias para biorremediar solos contaminados. Foi quantificado MDA e peróxido de hidrogênio e a atividade de diferentes enzimas do sistema antioxidante (SOD, CAT, GR e GST) de duas estirpes do gênero Burkholderia tolerantes a todos os metais testados, uma isolada do solo contaminado com altas concentrações de Cd (estirpe SCMS54) e a outra do solo sem Cd (estirpe SNMS32) em dois tempos de exposição (5 e 12 h). Na estirpe SCMS54, as medidas de estresse (peroxidação lipídica e peróxido de hidrogênio) e a atividade das enzimas antioxidantes (SOD, CAT, GR e GST) da maioria dos tratamento com cádmio aumentaram, esta estirpe também expressa mais isoformas de SOD, CAT e GR, além de acumular 50% mais Cd. Esses resultados mostram que a estirpe SCMS54 (isolada do solo contaminado com Cd) apresenta uma maior diversidade metabólica e plasticidade. Foram analisadas também a resposta dessas duas estirpes ao Ni, observando uma resposta semelhante ao Cd, exceto na expressão da enzima GST, que no estirpe SCMS54 foi induzida na presença do Ni, indicando que essa enzima pode ser essencial na tolerância ao Ni. Portanto, a estirpe isoladado solo contaminado com Cd (SCMS54) foi selecionada para prosseguir os estudos e avaliar os benefícios da interação entre microrganismos tolerantes-plantas de tomate na fitorremediação. Essa técnica é usada remover para metais pesados do solo com um menor impacto e baixos custos. Os microrganismos do solo podem solubilizar e mobilizar metais do solo, atuando como biorremediador. Além da alta tolerância ao Cd, a estirpe SCMS54 produz ácido indol acético (AIA), solubiliza fosfato inorgânico e produz sideroforo, mostrando seu potencial na interação benéfica planta-microorganismo. Quando interagindo com as plantas de tomate expostas ao Cd, essa bactéria diminui a concentração de peróxido da planta e a clorose ocasionado pelo Cd,e reduz a absorção de Cd pela raiz resultando em um aumento da tolerância da planta ao metal pesado altamente tóxico. Assim, a inoculação de plantas de tomate com Burkholderia sp. SCMS54 promove crescimento da planta na presença de Cd, desencadeando um mecanismo que diminui a concentração de Cd nas raízes devido a essa interação benéfica bactéria-raiz da planta.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-03-28T15:48:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 carladesouzaoliveira.pdf: 1038470 bytes, checksum: 1bf0fb805cc33838cf9c2152e5e843a6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T02:43:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carladesouzaoliveira.pdf: 1038470 bytes, checksum: 1bf0fb805cc33838cf9c2152e5e843a6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T02:43:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carladesouzaoliveira.pdf: 1038470 bytes, checksum: 1bf0fb805cc33838cf9c2152e5e843a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-02 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este estudo teve por objetivo a criação e a validação de um software educativo, que avalie a eficiência de atividades de promoção de saúde bucal, como um meio capaz de introduzir ou modificar hábitos de cuidados com a saúde. Para isso, uma equipe constituída de cirurgiões dentistas, designers, pedagogo e profissionais da tecnologia da informação construíram o software denominado: “Buscando respostas em saúde bucal”. Este se propõe de um modo simples, rápido e atraente avaliar o conhecimento adquirido após a realização de uma ação coletiva de saúde bucal. O estudo envolveu 35 crianças de 6 e 7 anos, alunos do Colégio de Aplicação João XXIII, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Uma atividade de promoção de saúde foi realizada inicialmente. Em seguida foi aplicado, no público alvo, o programa para se promover a validação. Os métodos utilizados para a validação foram os índices de confiabilidade, coeficiente de fidedignidade (coeficiente alfa de Cronbach) e o Percentual de Concordância. Os resultados mostraram que o cálculo do Percentual de Concordância foi alto variando de 97,1% a 100%. Desta forma, este software possui um bom índice de confiabilidade, podendo ser considerado validado. / This study aimed at the creation and validation of an educational software to evaluate the effectiveness of activities to promote oral health, as a means able to enter or modify habits of health care. For this, a team composed of dentists, designers, educator and information technology professionals built the software called: "Seeking answers in oral health." This is proposed in a simple, fast and attractive evaluate the knowledge acquired after conducting a collective oral health. The study involved 35 children aged 6 and 7 years, students of the Colégio de Aplicação João XXII, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. A health promotion activity was initially performed. Then it was applied, the target audience, the program to promote the validation. The methods were used to validate the reliability indices, Cronbach's alpha and Percentage of Agreement. The results showed that the calculation of the percentage of agreement was high ranging from 97.1% to 100%. Thus, this software has a good level of reliability and can be considered validated.

Vad kan man idag begära av ett informationssystem? Det står klart att informationssystem ska stödja och ersätta arbetsuppgifter inom företag för att öka effektiviteten eller minska kostnaderna. Men vilka arbetsuppgifter ska ett system klara av att göra lika bra som en människa och hur ska det lyckas göra lika bra bedömningar om vad som bör göras när man möter en svår uppgift, där det kanske verkligen behövs ett bra IT-stöd för att enklare ska klara av situationen? Bakgrunden till vårt arbete grundades på en tidigare undersökning en av oss gjort på sågverket där man hade problem med lagerstyrningen. Det rekommenderades då att Bodafors skulle implementera truckdatorer och en grafisk truckmodul för effektivare lagerhantering med hjälp av RFID. Det beslutades då att ett första steg skulle genomföras under hösten med truckdatorer i två av truckarna och en utbyggnad av det befintliga systemet för att truckförarna ska få se en aktuell bild över lagret och utlastningarna som ska ske under veckan. Vi kom fram till att SYSteams arbetssätt grundade sig på vattenfallsmodellen som kanske är den mest klassiska modellen för systemutveckling, med sina rötter på 60-talet. Vi konstaterade också att man har mycket att lära av modern Knowledge Management-teori som försöker fånga kompetenser och kunskap hos individer i system för att uppmuntra en företagsmiljö där kunskap delas mellan individerna. Vi sammanställde en serie konkreta råd för systemutvecklare för att bli bättre på att fånga kunskap i en systemutvecklingsmodell med en iterativ utvecklingsprocess som vi kallar för kunskapsfrämjande systemutveckling. / What can be expected of an information system today? It stands clear that information systems should support and replace tasks within companies to enhance efficiency and/or reduce costs. But which tasks should we rely on that a system could manage as well as a human being can today? Especially in difficult situations where human experience is put to the test and where we really could use the help of an information system to make the right judgements. The background of our essay was based on a former investigation one of us made during the spring of 2006 in the company due to logistic problems in the warehouse. It was then recommended that Bodafors should get truck computers and a graphic truck module for more efficient warehousing alongside with RFID. It was decided that a first step was to be taken during the autumn with computers in two of the trucks and the implementation of a system for trucks for an outline of the actual supply in the warehouse and the current orders to be loaded during the week. We reached the conclusion that SYSteams development of TruckSaw was founded on the classic waterfall model, with its roots in the 1960’s. We also learned that developers has alot to learn from modern Knowledge Management theory, with its focus on catching key competence and knowledge within an organisation and the creation of an environment encouraging the sharing of competence and knowledge. With a Knowledge Management driven approach we put together a series of advice for developers to become better at catching knowledge by using a different, iterative approach to developing a system, knowledge promoting system development.

Bakgrund: Hälsopromotion/hälsofrämjande arbete innebär att man arbetar med hälsa ur ett holistiskt synsätt där strävan är balans i hälsans alla delar. Hälsopromotion har sedan World Health Organization’s (WHO) lansering av Ottawadokumentet utvecklats till en inriktning som tydligt skiljer sig från sjukdomsbehandlande och sjukdomsförebyggande arbete. Livsstilsrelaterad ohälsa i Sverige kostar samhället upp till 55 miljarder kr per år. Åtgärder i människors livsstil kan ge vinster för individ, organisation och samhället med bl.a. minskad belastning i sjukvården, vilket rimligtvis kan minska kostnader för sjukvården och samhället i helhet. Primärvården kan som första vårdinstans betraktas ha goda förutsättningar till att på ett tidigt stadium nå patienter oavsett socioekonomisk status & då främja en jämlik hälsoutveckling i befolkningen. Syfte: Att undersöka hälsopromotivt arbete inom primärvården i en medelstor stad i Norrbotten. Vad är arbetsledares perspektiv på hälsopromotivt arbete inom primärvården? Hur arbetar medarbetare hälsopromotivt inom primärvården? Vilket stöd behövs för att utveckla det hälsopromotiva arbetet i primärvården? Metod: Kvantitativ deskriptiv studie. Resultat: Arbetsledare har en medvetenhet kring det hälsofrämjande uppdraget och en vilja att implementera och utveckla det arbetet, det finns en ambition att arbeta befolkningsinriktat för en jämlik hälsa för alla och en tro på att primärvårdens roll kommer att vara viktigare i framtiden för främjandet av hälsan hos individer och grupper i befolkningen. Samtidigt uttrycks ett tydligt behov av resurser, kompetens och samverkan inom området då primärvårdens totala uppdrag inklusive främjandet av hälsan uppfattas som för brett och därmed svårgreppbart. Medarbetarna arbetar med samtliga delar av hälsa varav fysisk, psykisk och social hälsa uppger majoriteten sig arbeta med. Motivation via samtal samt utredning via samtal anges som primära arbetsmetoder inom samtliga områden av hälsa. Även receptordination och remittering till specialist anges som vanliga arbetssätt. Medarbetarna uttrycker ett tydligt behov av tid, resurser, kompetens och samverkan för ett ökat hälsopromotivt arbete, i likhet med arbetsledarnas uttryckta behov. Vår slutsats är att genom samverkan där både promotivt och preventivt arbete praktiseras, kan både tid och övriga resurser hos primärvårdens nuvarande vårdpersonal besparas. / Background: Health promotion means working with health from an holistic approach where the endeavor is balance concerning all aspects of health. Since the World Health Organization's (WHO) launch of the Ottawa document, health promotion has obviously distinguished from disease treatment and disease prevention. In Sweden, health problems related to lifestyle costs society up to SEK 55 billion a year. Measures in people's lifestyles can give benefits to individuals, organizations and society with a reduced burden on healthcare. Action can reduce costs regarding both healthcare and society as a whole. Primary care can be regarded as the first healthcare provider to have good conditions for reaching patients at an early stage regardless of socioeconomic status and thereby promote equal health development among the population. Purpose: To investigate health-promoting work in primary care in a medium-sized city in Norrbotten. What is the supervisor's perspective on health-promoting work in primary care? How do employees work in a health-promoting field in primary care? What support is needed to develop the health-promoting work in primary care? Method: Quantitative descriptive study. Result: Supervisors have an awareness of the health promotion mission and a willingness to implement and develop that work, there is an ambition to work population-oriented towards equal health for all and a belief that primary care will be more important in the future regarding promotion of the health of individuals and groups among the population. Meanwhile, there is a clear need for resources, skills and collaboration in the area, as the mission of primary care, including health promotion, is perceived as too broad and thus difficult to handle. The staff work with all parts of health, whereof physical, mental and social health are embraced by the majority. Motivation via conversation and inquiry via conversation are indicated as primary working methods in all areas of health. Recipe ordination and remittance to specialist are also stated as common practices. The staff expresses a clear need for time, resources, skills and collaboration for increased health-promoting work, similar to the expressed needs of supervisors. Our conclusion is that through collaboration where both promotional and preventive work is practiced, both time and other resources could be spared concerning primary care's current healthcare staff.

The thesis deals with the issue of support for small and medium-sized businesses in the Czech Republic focusing on one of the market-based forms of such support in terms of networking. Specifically, the work is aimed at reference networking, and describes it in detail using an example of its representative in the Czech market. Within its theoretical part, the work defines the concept of small and medium-sized business. Further it explains the concept of promoting entrepreneurship in terms of public and market support. In the framework of this distinction, examples of some of the forms of such support have been listed. On the example of Switzerland, local representative forms of public support of entrepreneurship have been presented and compared to those in the Czech Republic. Further, networking concept has been introduced, and some principles of its operation have been defined. Different kinds of networking have been described. In the practical part, functioning of reference networking in particular, has been described more in detail on the example of the company Business for Breakfast Česká republika s.r.o. Using a questionnaire survey among the members of this concept, its benefits for both the members of the concept, as well as for the state budget have been investigated. The analysed benefits are examined in terms of both budget revenues, as well as in terms of cost savings. Fields of business, for which reference networking seems to be most beneficial, have been mentioned. In the end, benefits of representative public forms of business support with reference marketing have been compared. The study has confirmed that reference networking is an effective form of market-based support for small and medium-sized businesses, and has a positive impact on both the state budget, as well as on creating a favourable business environment in the Czech Republic. Despite public forms of business, these benefits are demonstrable and measurable.

Bakgrund: Forskning idag uppmärksammar och lyfter barns och ungdomars psykiska hälsa och huruvida den försämrats på senare tid eller inte och vad en nedåtgående hälsotrend i sådana fall kan bero på. Stress är ett begrepp som nämns i stor omfattning och skolstress anses vara en potentiell förklaring. Vidare beskrivs faktorer så som socioekonomi, familjeförhållanden, relationer, utbildning, levnadsvanor och livsstilar som faktorer av betydelse för ungdomars välbefinnande, både främjande och hämmande. Det handlar om faktorer som ungdomar aktivt kan påverka men även faktorer de inte kan styra över i det livsskede de befinner sig i.    Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka ungdomars upplevelser av välbefinnande och vad som bidrar till ett gott välbefinnande. Metod: En kvalitativ ansats valdes och tio ungdomar i åldrarna 15–16 år intervjuades med en semistrukturerad intervjumetod. Intervjuerna spelades in och transkriberades. Därefter genomfördes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen av intervjumaterialet resulterade i ett tema: ”Nycklar till ett gott välbefinnande”, med två tillhörande kategorier: ”Socialt kapital” som vidare består av subkategorierna: familjen av störst betydelse, vänner och skolklimat och tryggt samhälle. Vidare kategorin: ”Rörelse och kraft” som består av subkategorierna: stress och motiverande faktorer, fritid och fysisk aktivitet och hantering av vardagliga stressorer. Slutsats: Välbefinnandet framkom som en viktig förutsättning för att främja hälsa på lika villkor och det innebar vidare att vara frisk, må gott psykisk och fysiskt och att vara glad. Familjen, vännerna och skolan var de främsta faktorerna som påverkade och främjade välbefinnandet positivt. Skolan och samhället var också viktiga och positiva faktorer som påverkade välbefinnandet men medförde också stress. Stress och utmaningar sågs som både positivt och negativt men var även utvecklande och gynnade välbefinnandet. För hanteringen av stressorer framkom det olika strategier som ungdomarna använde sig av; skriva listor, spela spel, lyssna på musik, träna, planera, prata ut och promenera för att upprätthålla ett gott och stabilt välbefinnande. Nyckelord: Ungdomar, Strategier, Stress, Hälsofrämjande, Hälsa, Välbefinnande. / Background: Research highlights child and adolescent mental health and whether it has deteriorated in recent years, and what the causes are of a possible negative health trend. Stress is a term that is mentioned extensively and school stress is considered to be one possible explanation to the problem. Research also describes factors such as socioeconomic status, family relationships, relationships, education, habits and lifestyles factors relevant to the health of adolescents. Factors that both promote and inhibit, which adolescents actively can influence but also factors they cannot control in the stage of life they are in. Aim: The aim of the study was to examine adolescent's perceptions of well-being and what contributes to a good well-being. Method: A qualitative approach was used and ten adolescents aged 15–16 years were interviewed with a semi-structured interview method. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Thereafter a qualitative content analysis was performed. Results: The analysis of the material resulted in the theme: “Keys to a good well-being”, with two related categories: "Social capital", which further consists of the subcategories: family of greatest importance, friends and school climate and safe society. Further category: "Movement and power", which consists of the subcategories: stress and motivational factors, leisure and physical activity and the management of everyday challenges. Conclusion: Well-being appeared to be important for promoting health on equal terms and it further meant to be healthy, feeling well mentally and physically, and being happy. Family, friends and leisure were the main factors that affected and promoted the well-being positively. The school and the society were also important and positive factors that affected well-being, but it also caused stress. Stress and challenges were, both positive and negative, but were also seen as developing and benefiting to the well-being. To cope with everyday stressors, a variety of strategies that the adolescents used emerged. For example, they wrote lists, played games, listened to music, practiced, planned, communicated and took walks to maintain good and stable well-being. Keywords: Adolescents, Strategies, Stress, Health promoting, Health, Well-being.