Utbudet av idrottsanläggningar är betydligt lägre i Stockholm stad jämfört med Göteborg och Malmö relativt till antalet invånare samtidigt som antalet utövare blir allt fler. Den här studien har fokuserat på finansieringsmodeller för idrottsanläggningar och har tillsammans med en kvalitativ litteraturstudie använt semi-strukturerade intervjuer mot offentliga och privata aktörer samt organisationer som verkar för idrottsfrågor i syfte att förstå svårigheter och få en överblick över vilka alternativa lösningar som gjorts. Resultatet indikerar traditionella policys och regelverk som skapar problem vid upphandling, genomförande och förvaltning, samt en obalans i förutsättningar för finansiering. Slutsatsen antyder i det korta perspektivet att nyttjandet av befintligt behov är relevant och kanske kan en översyn på hyresstödet vara aktuellt huruvida det är det mest effektiva systemet. För att skapa bättre finansiella förutsättningar mellan offentliga och privata aktörer kan sociala obligationer möjligen balansera ut kostnaderna framgent. I en stad som Stockholm verkar kombinationsprojekt vara ett sätt att använda marken fullt ut och ett sätt att diversifiera intäktsmöjligheterna, samtidigt som interkommunala samarbeten möjliggör kostnadsfördelning. / The availability of sports facilities is significantly lower in Stockholm compared to Gothenburg and Malmö relative to the number of inhabitants, while the number of athletes continues to grow. This study focuses on financing models for sports facilities and combines a qualitative literature review with semi-structured interviews with public and private actors, as well as organizations involved in sports issues, to understand the challenges and provide an overview of alternative solutions. The results indicate that traditional policies and regulations create problems in procurement, implementation, and management, and there is an imbalance in financing conditions. The conclusion suggests that, in the short term, better utilization of existing facilities is relevant and that a review of rental subsidies might be necessary to determine if it is the most effective system. To create better financial conditions between public and private actors, social bonds can potentially balance costs in the future. In a city like Stockholm, combination projects seem to be a way to fully utilize the land and diversify revenue opportunities, while inter-municipal cooperation enables cost-sharing.

Real estate investments are more frequently crossing borders. The national cultural differences, which are influencing investment preferences and decision processes, are challenging Real Estate Companies, whereas not only capital, but also individuals are moving more frequently across country borders. Real Estate Companies’ risk profile concerning uncertainty avoidance, regarding real  estate investments haven’t  been studied before, thus a gap in the literature is identified. This study aims to identify risks, risk management tools, uncertainty avoidance in Real Estate Companies with different national cultural background, helping to develop a deeper understanding of the differences in their risk profiles. I have found that the Israeli respondents are highly uncertainty avoiding and risk loving, but only regarding familiar risks, while concerning unfamiliar risks, they are rather risk averse. The Swedish respondents are weakly uncertainty avoiding and risk neutral, no matter known or unknown ris

隨著社會經濟結構的轉型，目前台灣已邁向服務業為主的社會型態。為應該服務業及商業所需的辦公空間，因此辦公大樓陸續的興建。隨著近年來不動產的投資興盛，辦公大樓成為了外資或者保值的投資選擇。而判斷辦公大樓價值的標準即為該大樓所能創造的收益為何。辦公大樓的收益為租金，因此了解影響租金組成的因素，能夠提供我們在進行投資決策時一個參考的依據。但過去已有許多租金影響因素之研究，是以本研究擬從不同的觀點切入來探討租金的成因。 近十年來，國內許多豪宅或者知名的辦公大樓引進入物業管理的方式，取代了過去由管理委員會主導的管理模式。物業管理的興起，乃是人們對於住宅安全以及管理品質引申需求。對於物業管理的研究，國內目前仍著重在管理績效的衡量以及利用電腦提升物業管理效率的部分，鮮有探討辦公大樓租金與物業管理之間的關連。是以，本研究以台北市六行政區的辦公大樓為標的，利用特徵價格模型(Hedonic Price Model)和BOX-COX轉換，從物業管理的觀點來探討辦公大樓租金的影響因素。 / In Taiwan, business has become the main economic activity. The more prosperous business is, the more office spaces are requested. To understand the composition of office rent, hedonic price model is used as an analysis tool frequently. The varieties, such as age, distance of MRT, or standard floor, are usually used as the hedonic varieties. When property management is getting popular in the decade, there are few research use property management as varieties. To understand if the difference of property management style would affect the office rent, this essay used Box-Cox translation and Semi-Log regression to analyze the relationship between property management and office rent.

生技新藥產業是指使用於人類及動植物用之新藥及高風險醫療器材之產業。而生技新藥產業與醫藥產業，在目的上均與人類及動植物用藥或醫療儀器相關；差異之處在於目前的生技醫藥產業相較於20餘年前的醫藥產業，多了生物技術的應用，產業結構由大型藥廠垂直整合演變為非營利組織、生物技術公司、大型藥廠分工的形態。總結來說，生物技術是生技新藥產業的重要組成要素，而生物技術的興起，則改變了過去醫藥產業產品與技術的組成，也改變了產業結構。 生物技術產業或醫藥產業是全球各國競相發展的產業類別，我國亦不例外；其中，美國無論於生物技術或醫藥產業的發展，均居於全球領先的地位，其成功必然有可以提供我們討論或學習之處。而在知識價值鏈的體系中，美國大學更扮演著提供創新以及產學合作的重要角色，對於全球生技新藥產業的進步有重要的貢獻。從而本研究以美國為標的，研究產業的發展歷程，並進一步以產業之觀點，探討大學產學合作的模式以及智慧財產管理，希望能供我國大學與產業實務發展的參考。 從美國生物技術與醫藥產業發展的歷史與經驗，本研究歸納出生物技術產業興起的因素，與1980年代發生的基礎科學上的突破性發展、拜杜法案的通過、專利法將生物技術的發明納入保護範圍，三項因素有關。另外，由大學所提供的創新，透過密切的產學合作、授權與技術移轉、企業間的策略聯盟等方式，於知識的價值鏈中流動並增加價值，而大學提供創新的人才，往往也是創業者和重要的經營者。 本研究認為，美國大學對生物技術發展具有重要性的貢獻，其中，大學內部創業與大學智慧財產的管理特別值得討論。在大學內部創業方面，美國大學不但鼓勵創業，並制定股權政策，允許新創公司以股權取代部分的授權報酬，給予新創公司實際的協助。透過限制大學持股比例與禁止大學擔任董事或參與董事投票活動之原則，則可兼顧大學避免利益衝突與公司專業經營的需求。 在大學智慧財產管理的部份，本研究認為加州大學系統的智慧財產管理方式，採用網路式的授權與技術移轉組織，將各校區共同的需求如政策、法務、資訊技術與通訊等活動統籌處理，而將需與發明人和企業密切交流的活動如授權與技術移轉的活動交由各校區的授權與技術移轉中心負責。透過此種統籌與分工管理的方式，能夠兼顧減少營運成本與增加授權效率的功能。 經由本研究節果，建議我國的大學可採用網路式的授權與技術移轉組織之概念，除各校之授權與技轉中心外，聯合設一統籌政策、法務、智慧財產資料庫之管理機構，並對大學持有公司股份、鼓勵創業、避免利益迴避等議題制定一致的政策，方能有效利用資源並發揮大學創新的價值。 / Biotech and new drug development industry are targeted toward the development of drugs for human, animal, or plant use. This also includes the high-risk industry in medical devices. Although the pharmaceutical industry shares common objectives, the biotech and new drug industry emphasizes on applications in biotechnology and its industrial structure is composed by non-profit organizations and biotech dedicated firms. While biotechnology forms the basis to the biotech and new drug industry, the improvement of biotechnology also changed the interaction between the pharmaceutical products and technologies as well as its industrial structure. Biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry have received considerable attention around the world, including Taiwan. Since U.S. has been the leading country in the development of biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry, we can surely learn from its success. In particular, universities in the U.S. have played a crucial role in providing innovation and promoting university-industry cooperation and resulted in significant contributions to the progress of global biotech and new drug industry. Thus, this study will investigate the development of the industry within the U.S. by dissecting the various university-industry cooperation models and the management of intellectual property rights. Results from this study will hopefully shed some light on bridging our university with industry for further practice operation. By examining the U.S. biotech and pharmaceutical industry, this study has concluded that breakthroughs in fundamental, the passage of Bayh-Dole Act, and the inclusion of biotechnology into patent law science in 1980s are responsible for the rise of biotechnology industry. In addition, active university-industry cooperation along with licensing, technology transfer, strategic alliance among enterprises and information flowing in the knowledge value chain added the value of the innovation provided by universities. In many cases, the university has not only provided innovation, but also a source for future leaders that would take on role of the founders or head of project management. The U.S. universities have made significant contributions to the development of biotechnology by establishing entrepreneurship programs, intellectual property rights management, and often providing substantial assistance in business start-up. One type of assistance is rendered through regulating policies on equity that allows start-up companies to provide equity in place of part of license fee. In order to avoid a “conflict of interest”, universities should be limited of their possession of industry equity, which can prevents them from taking part in the company as the board director or members. In terms of the management of intellectual property rights, the measures of management of the University of California system can help diminish operation cost and enhance licensing efficiency. University of California system resorts to Technology transfer in a distributed institutional network that feed the common needs from each campus such as patent policies, general counsel, and information technology and communications. A licensing and technology transfer center (OTT) on each campus will follow a system wide license and technology transfer process between the inventor and the enterprise. In conclusion, it is recommended that our university could adopt the concept of network licensing and technology transfer. Through an overall arrangement, a management institute can be established to regulate the planning of policies, provide general counseling, and build a database of intellectual property rights aside from the existing licensing and technology center of each university. In the best interest of the developing biotech and new drug industry, universities should initiate policies with regard to equity holding limitation, encouragement of start-up business, and the avoidance in the “conflict of interest” so the industry may effectively utilize university resources and demonstrate its innovative values.

我國集合住宅市場常見一個案有數種面積產品混合之現象，在過去研究指出不同面積之產品進行投資組合已成為建商降低風險與穩定報酬的手段，僅在供給面被討論，卻忽略了住宅市場應以『使用』為目的，換言之，產品面積混合(Housing mix)隱含購屋者其生活水平及背景之異質性(Social mix)，將可能造成社區管理維護上之不易，本文試圖延伸過去此現象在需求面及管理維護上探討的不足。在實證方面，採問卷調查台北市建管處公寓大廈管理科所提供之已報備成立管理組織的主任委員2,877份，回收率為11.30%，剔除沒有舉辦活動之社區並符合設定樣本大小與母體可容忍誤差α=10%之要求下，共307筆有效問卷。輔以公寓大廈科報備資料掌握至所有面積及其對應之戶數，建立『面積混合度』之衡量，結合當前國內外住宅混合與住宅隔離議題，透過路徑分析方式衡量面積混合對社區管理維護績效之影響為直接影響或間接影響？釐清混合對管理維護影響過程之因果關係。 研究結果顯示，建商供給者之面積混合策略對於住戶需求者之管理維護績效將是間接負面影響而非傳統迴歸所觀察得到的直接影響，驗證了國外負面外溢效果在國內亦是如此。而主要影響路徑為面積混合愈高則提高了社區衝突，進而對管理維護產生負面影響。其次，過去認為除面積混合之外，新舊社區與大小規模亦會影響管理維護，故進行兩群分析究竟何者影響管理維護較大？實證發現混合社區在經過搬遷磨合期將減緩混合因異質性所造成的不和睦，但混合之負面影響仍大於新舊社區之影響。 / The phenomenon of one construction case with housing mix usually appears in the condominium market. Some studies indicated that the portfolio of housing mix has become a means of reducing risk and having a stable reward for construction companies. However, the discussion was only on supply, and ignored that “use” should be the main purpose in the condominium market. In other words, housing mix implied the social mix of homebuyers’ living standard and background, and it might make the community management and maintenance not easy. The study tries to extend the deficiency in the treatment of the phenomenon on supply or on community management and maintenance. In proof, a questionnaire survey was adopted in the study. There were 2877 pieces of questionnaires released to the chairmen of registered management organizations according to the data from the Apartment and Building Management Division in the Building Administration Office of Taipei City Government. The recovery rate was 11.3%. The communities without holding activities were culled out, and in order to satisfy the requirement of the set sample dimension and the error tolerance of matrix belowα=10%, total valid questionnaires were 307 pieces. The measurement of “housing mix” can be built up by the supplementary information from the Apartment and Building Management Division, which includes all square measure and corresponding houses. Combing the subjects of residential mix and residential separation at home and abroad, housing mix could be measured by path analysis to see whether it has a direct or indirect affect on community management and maintenance to further figure out the casual relationship during the affection process of the housing mix and the community management and maintenance. The study results show that the policy of housing mix from the suppliers, construction companies, has an indirect negative affection on the performance of community management and maintenance for residents, the demanders, instead of having a direct affection observed by traditional regression analysis. The result proves the negative spillover effect no matter at home or abroad. The path of impact is that the higher the housing mix is, the higher the community conflict will be, and the situation will generate negative affection on community management and maintenance. Furthermore, except the housing mix, new and old communities or the sizes of communities were thought to affect community management and operation, and they were usually divided into two groups to analyze which one has greater affection on management and maintenance ? It is found by evidences that the communities with housing mix show less disharmony caused by social mix after the run-in period of movement. However, the negative affection of housing mix is still higher than the one of new and old communities.

Investment in the physical infrastructure and the provision of facilities management (FM) services should be geared toward achieving the strategic objectives of an organization, which largely aim at value creation. Sole focus on the financials while choosing between outsourcing and in-house FM options excludes other non-financial measures such as the extent to which the FM route contributes to improving internal business processes and the overall strategic health of the organization. This paper presents the results of investigations into a holistic perspective on the key variables to consider in choosing between outsourcing and in-house FM in order to provide value added service and improve organizational performance. The study was limited to the views expressed by facilities and property managers registered with the Property Institute of New Zealand Property and the Facilities Management Association of Australia. The descriptive survey method was used, which comprised qualitative data gathering using unstructured interviews and quantitative data gathering using structured questionnaires. Content analyses, multi-attribute methods and Spearman’s rank correlation tests were used in the analysis of the data and the testing of the research propositions/ hypotheses. Results showed that four broad categories constitute the holistic FM functional areas: strategic, operational, property development/project management and general services. Outsourcing was perceived to be more suited than in-house for providing operational, property development/ project management and general services; in-house was more suited for the provision of strategic FM functions. The relative importance of the value adding criteria underlying the broad categories of FM services, as well as the suitability of the use of outsourcing and in-house approaches in meeting each criterion were established. Using the concept of Overall Suitability Score, a process chart was developed for use in making a strategic choice between outsourcing and in-house FM service provisions. The use of this chart is recommended to property and facilities managers, and other stakeholders who may be faced with the dilemma of choosing between outsourcing and in-house approaches to providing FM services. The methodology developed in this study could be replicated in related contexts to resolving strategic decision dilemma involving making choices amongst competing alternatives.

<p>The purpose of this thesis is to explore what software evaluation methods are currently available that can assist organizations and companies in procuring a software solution for some particular task or purpose for a specific type of business. The thesis is based on a real-world scenario where a company, Volvo Technology Corporation (VTEC), is in the process of selecting a new intellectual property management system for their patent department. For them to make an informed decision as to which system to choose, an evaluation of market alternatives needs to be done. First, a set of software evaluation methods and techniques are chosen for further evaluation. An organizational study, by means of interviews where questions are based on the ISO 9126-1 Software quality model, is then conducted, eliciting user opinions about the current system and what improvements a future system should have. The candidate methods are then evaluated based on the results from the organizational study and other pertinent factors in order to reach a conclusion as to which method is best suited for this selection problem. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is deemed the best choice.</p>

Many Departments of Transportation (DOTs), including Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), have been challenged by inadequate funding from traditional federal and state fuel taxes, increasing construction cost, aging highway system, traffic congestions, and recent natural disasters, compromising their primary mission to provide safe vehicle transportation routes with adequate capacity. Furthermore, environmental awareness and sustainability concept have strengthened and sparked debates in Congress, culminating with several regulatory policies that affect, inclusively, transportation projects. This scenario has prompted DOTs to pursue innovative ways to reduce maintenance cost (at minimum) and generate revenue (at maximum) exploiting their assets, and to meet the new regulations. Likewise, the Center of Transportation Research at The University of Texas at Austin undertook a comprehensive research study to identify and determine when, where, and under what circumstances TxDOT should pursue the implementation of which Value Extraction Application (VEA), and how to effectively recognize and involve key stakeholders. As a result, 11 VEAs were identified. In addition, a methodological framework – embedding a multi-attribute criteria analysis matrix as the decision making method - was devised to guide TxDOT throughout the process of identifying, evaluating, comparing, and selecting the most appropriate VEA while a list of stakeholders associated with each VEA and a stakeholder analysis framework was provided to help TxDOT to identify and reach out key stakeholders. / text

Technological entrepreneurship is the combination of technology with the market to meet in advance to the wants and needs of customers by ensuring that adequate resources are allocated for the development and launch of products and services. The technology-based companies, in turn, have particularities in relation to traditional business sectors and therefore the importance of its dialogue with technology parks and business incubators. Such interaction is ideal because the entrepreneur of technology-based companies face an additional challenge, in relation to the others, to turn ideas into production, from researcher to entrepreneur. The Technological Park Foundation of Paraíba (PaqTcPB) through the Technology Incubator of Campina Grande (ITCG), 30 years ago, supports this type of company in the state of Paraíba, encouraging technology transfer , fostering the creation of new technology-based firms, approaching the world of Science, Technology and Innovation of the business world. It is important, also, the diffusion of the culture of protection and management of Intellectual Property (IP) for the consolidation of corporate strategies that exploit the intangible assets of such enterprise, turning assets into securable assets to company. In order to diagnose the IP management strategies used by companies related to ITCG, a questionnaire with objective and semi-structured open-ended questions, a set of companies in the database ITCG between incubated, graduates, associates was applied, or firms receiving a program to encourage the innovative entrepreneurship. Subjecting the data to a quantitative and qualitative analysis, traced the profile of these companies, 80% of them working in the TIC technology sector and up to six years of existence. Although 87% of companies having entrepreneurs with graduate degrees, masters in their majority, more than half of the group says its main product is not derived from the result of R&D in universities. A total of 87% of companies consider their innovative product in the market, and 67% believe the product to be protectable, however, 87% of companies do not adopt any policy of acquisition, exploration and/or monitoring of IP assets. Of the respondents, only 33% have IP assets protected, but 60% have used a service provided by the INPI, with 20% of employee offices patent offices abroad. Just over half, 53%, claimed to have received some kind of training on ITCG PI, 73% consider it very important to protect IP assets and 47% find it very important to participate in the Incubator guidance on the topic to the company. Among the main difficulties listed in IP management are problems in defining what is protectable, the high cost of specialized services and bureaucracy and delay in analysis applications. As these companies are in the process of consolidation in negotiating world, it is crucial guidance and advice, permanently, by the ITCG to issues related to IP. Shares an educational basis, such as courses, lectures, or training to guide companies on how to identify their intangible assets, protect them and exploit them, are essential. However, stands as essential to providing a constant counseling, with specialized personnel to try to assist in resolving practical issues faced by the company, both in IP protection, as in the generation of resources from these assets. / O empreendedorismo tecnológico consiste na combinação da tecnologia com o mercado para atender aos desejos e necessidades dos clientes, assegurando que os recursos adequados serão alocados para o desenvolvimento e lançamento dos produtos e serviços. As empresas de base tecnológica, por sua vez, apresentam particularidades em relação às empresas de setores tradicionais e, por isso, a importância do seu diálogo com parques tecnológicos e incubadoras de empresas. A Fundação PaqTcPB, através da Incubadora Tecnológica de Campina Grande (ITCG), há 30 anos, apoia este tipo de empresa no estado da Paraíba, estimulando a transferência de tecnologia, fomentando a criação de novas empresas de base tecnológica, aproximando o mundo da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação do mundo dos negócios. É relevante, também, a difusão da cultura da proteção e gestão da Propriedade Intelectual (PI) para a consolidação de estratégias empresariais que explorem os ativos intangíveis deste tipo de empreendimento, transformando os bens passíveis de proteção em ativos para a empresa. Com o objetivo de diagnosticar as estratégias de gestão da PI utilizadas por empresas vinculadas à ITCG, foi aplicado um questionário com perguntas objetivas e abertas semiestruturadas, a um conjunto de empresas constantes do banco de dados da ITCG, entre incubadas, graduadas, associadas, ou empresas beneficiárias de algum programa de fomento ao empreendedorismo inovador. Submetendo os dados a uma análise quanti-qualitativa, traçou-se o perfil destas empresas, sendo 80% delas atuantes no setor de TIC e com até seis anos de existência. Apesar de 87% das empresas possuírem empreendedores com pós-graduação, na sua maioria mestres, mais da metade do grupo afirma que seu produto principal não deriva de resultado de P&D nas universidades. Um total de 87% das empresas considera o seu produto inovador no mercado, sendo que 67% acreditam ser o produto passível de proteção, no entanto, 87% das empresas não adotam qualquer política de aquisição, exploração e/ou monitorização de ativos de PI. Apenas 33% possuem ativos de PI protegidos, mas 60% já utilizaram algum serviço disponibilizado pelo INPI, tendo 20% empregado serviços de escritórios de patentes no exterior. Pouco mais da metade, 53%, alegou ter recebido algum tipo de treinamento da ITCG sobre PI, 73% consideram muito importante proteger os ativos de PI e 47% acham muito importante a participação da Incubadora nas orientações sobre o tema à empresa. Entre as principais dificuldades elencadas na gestão da PI estão os problemas na definição do que é passível de proteção, os altos custos dos serviços especializados e a burocracia e demora nas análises dos pedidos. Como estas empresas se encontram em processo de consolidação no mundo negocial, é fundamental a orientação e o assessoramento, de forma permanente, por parte da ITCG, para questões relacionadas à PI. Ações de cunho educativo, como cursos, palestras, ou treinamentos para orientar as empresas de como identificar seus ativos intangíveis, protegê-los e explorá-los, são essenciais. Contudo, firma-se como indispensável a disponibilização de um assessoramento constante, com pessoal especializado para tentar auxiliar na resolução de questões de ordem prática enfrentadas pela empresa, tanto no âmbito de proteção da PI, quanto na geração de recursos a partir desses ativos

Technological entrepreneurship is the combination of technology with the market to meet in advance to the wants and needs of customers by ensuring that adequate resources are allocated for the development and launch of products and services. The technology-based companies, in turn, have particularities in relation to traditional business sectors and therefore the importance of its dialogue with technology parks and business incubators. Such interaction is ideal because the entrepreneur of technology-based companies face an additional challenge, in relation to the others, to turn ideas into production, from researcher to entrepreneur. The Technological Park Foundation of Paraíba (PaqTcPB) through the Technology Incubator of Campina Grande (ITCG), 30 years ago, supports this type of company in the state of Paraíba, encouraging technology transfer , fostering the creation of new technology-based firms, approaching the world of Science, Technology and Innovation of the business world. It is important, also, the diffusion of the culture of protection and management of Intellectual Property (IP) for the consolidation of corporate strategies that exploit the intangible assets of such enterprise, turning assets into securable assets to company. In order to diagnose the IP management strategies used by companies related to ITCG, a questionnaire with objective and semi-structured open-ended questions, a set of companies in the database ITCG between incubated, graduates, associates was applied, or firms receiving a program to encourage the innovative entrepreneurship. Subjecting the data to a quantitative and qualitative analysis, traced the profile of these companies, 80% of them working in the TIC technology sector and up to six years of existence. Although 87% of companies having entrepreneurs with graduate degrees, masters in their majority, more than half of the group says its main product is not derived from the result of R&D in universities. A total of 87% of companies consider their innovative product in the market, and 67% believe the product to be protectable, however, 87% of companies do not adopt any policy of acquisition, exploration and/or monitoring of IP assets. Of the respondents, only 33% have IP assets protected, but 60% have used a service provided by the INPI, with 20% of employee offices patent offices abroad. Just over half, 53%, claimed to have received some kind of training on ITCG PI, 73% consider it very important to protect IP assets and 47% find it very important to participate in the Incubator guidance on the topic to the company. Among the main difficulties listed in IP management are problems in defining what is protectable, the high cost of specialized services and bureaucracy and delay in analysis applications. As these companies are in the process of consolidation in negotiating world, it is crucial guidance and advice, permanently, by the ITCG to issues related to IP. Shares an educational basis, such as courses, lectures, or training to guide companies on how to identify their intangible assets, protect them and exploit them, are essential. However, stands as essential to providing a constant counseling, with specialized personnel to try to assist in resolving practical issues faced by the company, both in IP protection, as in the generation of resources from these assets. / O empreendedorismo tecnológico consiste na combinação da tecnologia com o mercado para atender aos desejos e necessidades dos clientes, assegurando que os recursos adequados serão alocados para o desenvolvimento e lançamento dos produtos e serviços. As empresas de base tecnológica, por sua vez, apresentam particularidades em relação às empresas de setores tradicionais e, por isso, a importância do seu diálogo com parques tecnológicos e incubadoras de empresas. A Fundação PaqTcPB, através da Incubadora Tecnológica de Campina Grande (ITCG), há 30 anos, apoia este tipo de empresa no estado da Paraíba, estimulando a transferência de tecnologia, fomentando a criação de novas empresas de base tecnológica, aproximando o mundo da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação do mundo dos negócios. É relevante, também, a difusão da cultura da proteção e gestão da Propriedade Intelectual (PI) para a consolidação de estratégias empresariais que explorem os ativos intangíveis deste tipo de empreendimento, transformando os bens passíveis de proteção em ativos para a empresa. Com o objetivo de diagnosticar as estratégias de gestão da PI utilizadas por empresas vinculadas à ITCG, foi aplicado um questionário com perguntas objetivas e abertas semiestruturadas, a um conjunto de empresas constantes do banco de dados da ITCG, entre incubadas, graduadas, associadas, ou empresas beneficiárias de algum programa de fomento ao empreendedorismo inovador. Submetendo os dados a uma análise quanti-qualitativa, traçou-se o perfil destas empresas, sendo 80% delas atuantes no setor de TIC e com até seis anos de existência. Apesar de 87% das empresas possuírem empreendedores com pós-graduação, na sua maioria mestres, mais da metade do grupo afirma que seu produto principal não deriva de resultado de P&D nas universidades. Um total de 87% das empresas considera o seu produto inovador no mercado, sendo que 67% acreditam ser o produto passível de proteção, no entanto, 87% das empresas não adotam qualquer política de aquisição, exploração e/ou monitorização de ativos de PI. Apenas 33% possuem ativos de PI protegidos, mas 60% já utilizaram algum serviço disponibilizado pelo INPI, tendo 20% empregado serviços de escritórios de patentes no exterior. Pouco mais da metade, 53%, alegou ter recebido algum tipo de treinamento da ITCG sobre PI, 73% consideram muito importante proteger os ativos de PI e 47% acham muito importante a participação da Incubadora nas orientações sobre o tema à empresa. Entre as principais dificuldades elencadas na gestão da PI estão os problemas na definição do que é passível de proteção, os altos custos dos serviços especializados e a burocracia e demora nas análises dos pedidos. Como estas empresas se encontram em processo de consolidação no mundo negocial, é fundamental a orientação e o assessoramento, de forma permanente, por parte da ITCG, para questões relacionadas à PI. Ações de cunho educativo, como cursos, palestras, ou treinamentos para orientar as empresas de como identificar seus ativos intangíveis, protegê-los e explorá-los, são essenciais. Contudo, firma-se como indispensável a disponibilização de um assessoramento constante, com pessoal especializado para tentar auxiliar na resolução de questões de ordem prática enfrentadas pela empresa, tanto no âmbito de proteção da PI, quanto na geração de recursos a partir desses ativos