[pt] Esta tese no campo da comunicação política dialoga com as noções de público, de John Dewey (2012[1922]), e esfera pública, de Habermas (1991; 1997; DAHLGREN, 2005; CALHOUN, 1992), com a teoria dos sistemas deliberativos (PARKINSON; MANSBRIDGE, 2012; ELSTUB et al., 2016; HENDRIKS, 2015), bem como com a literatura especializada em consultas públicas online (SHANE, 2012; COLEMAN; SHANE, 2012). O objetivo é analisar a comunicação política que se formou a partir das duas consultas públicas online sobre o Marco Civil da Internet de modo a perceber contribuições epistêmicas desse processo por meio da análise de material midiático e dos discursos dos Deputados e Senadores no Congresso Nacional. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa tem por base duas research questions: (RQ1) de que forma as consultas públicas online do Marco Civil da Internet informaram, do ponto de vista da comunicação política e da deliberação, o sistema deliberativo que se construiu em torno do tema?; e (RQ2) que ganhos epistêmicos e democráticos as consultas públicas online do Marco Civil da Internet podem ter trazido ao sistema deliberativo e ao processo decisório? Com o intuito de entender significados compartilhados a partir das duas consultas públicas online sobre o Marco Civil da Internet, os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados incluíram buscar, pela observação dos comentários dos participantes no momento das consultas, temas e argumentos utilizados para cada grande tema do debate, resultando em 322 indicadores (ou posicionamentos que sustentaram cada tema), divididos no espectro analítico dos direitos e das responsabilidades dos seguintes atores: 1) governo, 2) provedores e empresas prestadoras de serviços de internet; e 3) usuários. Ao fim, enfatiza-se que os significados gerados a partir das duas consultas públicas online para cada tema circularam pelos dois espaços deliberativos analisados - mídia e Congresso Nacional - tanto em termos de diversidade de posicionamentos, quanto em relação à sua ampla utilização, sendo possível perceber uma conexão relevante do sistema deliberativo em torno do Marco Civil da Internet, a partir dos argumentos desenvolvidos nas duas consultas públicas online e utilizados nos espaços deliberativos analisados. / [en] This thesis in the field of political communication discusses Dewey s notions of the public (DEWEY, 2012 [1922]), and Habermas s public sphere (HABERMAS, 1991; 1997; DAHLGREN, 2005; CALHOUN, 1992); the deliberative systems theory (PARKINSON; MANSBRIDGE, 2012; ELSTUB et al., 2016; HENDRIKS, 2015); as well as the specialized literature on online public consultations (SHANE, 2012; COLEMAN; SHANE, 2012). The aim is to analyze the communication developed during the two online public consultations of the Brazilian Internet Law Framework, within the dimensions of deliberative systems, in order to understand if and how there were epistemic contributions for this process with the reproduction of the positions developed during the online public consultations in other deliberative spaces. Through the observation of media material and the speeches of Congressmen and Senators in Parliament, the aim is to analyze which arguments born from the public sphere were repeated on those spaces. There are two main research questions: (RQ1) how did the online public consultations of the Brazilian Internet Law Framework inform, in the light off political communication and deliberation, the deliberative system that was built around the theme? And (RQ2) What were the epistemic and democratic gains that the online public consultations of the Brazilian Internet Law Framework brought to the deliberative system and to the decision-making process? In order to understand the meanings shared from the public consultations of the Brazilian Internet Law Framework, the methodological procedures included the search of comments made available at the time that the online public consultation occurred, aiming to discover the frameworks and arguments used by participants for each major theme, resulting in 322 indicators (or arguments that supported each framework). These were broken down into the analytical spectrum of rights and responsibilities of the following actors: 1) government, 2) internet service providers and companies; and 3) users. Finally, it is emphasized that the arguments generated from the two public consultations for each framingcirculated through the two deliberative spaces - media and parliament - both in terms of diversity of positions and in relation to their wide use, therefore establishing a strong connection to the deliberative system around the Brazilian Internet Law Framework, formed from the arguments developed in the two public consultations and used in the deliberative spaces analyzed, namely, media and parliament.

The imbizo was introduced in the light of the problems associated with indirect democracy, as well as attempts to bring democracy closer to the people in ways with which they are more familiar. The problem of the study was approached by putting the imbizo in perspective. Hence, a cybernetics model was used with the two information systems, namely the GCIS and the spider-web. They were used to describe the workings of the imbizo in the political system. A mixed method using both the quantitative and qualitative approaches investigated the problem by surveying students‟ understanding of the imbizo. A case study regarding service delivery and public participation was conducted at villages where the imbizo had been held. Generally, findings confirm the imbizo’s role as an instrument to enhance service delivery. The findings have some far-reaching implications for democracy: Unlike indirect democracy, the imbizo “takes the government closer to the people” through unmediated engagement of the people in order to realise direct democracy and accountability. / M.A. (Politics) / Political Science

Submitted by DIEGO JACOME VALOIS TAFUR (diegotafur@ibest.com.br) on 2017-11-10T19:28:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Diego Valois - Estudo de caso da PPP dos complexos hospitalares - final para depósito 2.pdf: 844378 bytes, checksum: 8b7c810084db8d6f1d6e4cb2e03b7548 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2017-11-10T20:13:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Diego Valois - Estudo de caso da PPP dos complexos hospitalares - final para depósito 2.pdf: 844378 bytes, checksum: 8b7c810084db8d6f1d6e4cb2e03b7548 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-13T12:30:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Diego Valois - Estudo de caso da PPP dos complexos hospitalares - final para depósito 2.pdf: 844378 bytes, checksum: 8b7c810084db8d6f1d6e4cb2e03b7548 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-17 / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a análise do estudo de caso do projeto de Parceria Público-Privada (‘PPP’), regida pela Lei nº 11.079/2004, referente à ‘Concessão Administrativa para a construção, operação de serviços ‘bata cinza’ e manutenção de Complexos Hospitalares de São Paulo’. Para tanto, foi analisado todo o processo administrativo para o desenvolvimento e concretização do projeto, incluindo a fase de Manifestação de Interesse Privada - MIP; as providências adotadas pelo Governo do Estado de São Paulo para a estruturação da PPP; o procedimento licitatório; e a assinatura do contrato, que representa o modelo final da PPP. Da análise deste processo administrativo, foi possível perceber certas particularidades atinentes a cada fase do processo de contratação pública, especialmente sobre alguns riscos apresentados pelos particulares, tal como o risco da governança entre os serviços ‘bata-branca’, de responsabilidade da equipe médica, e os serviços ‘bata-cinza’, de responsabilidade da concessionária. Assim, a presença do mencionado risco no modelo pesquisado é prova que fatores políticos e sociais estão presentes na modelagem de projetos, cabendo aos seus responsáveis compatibilizar os interesses por meio de estrutura contratual adequada. Pretende-se, portanto, analisar quais os mecanismos utilizados para superar o referido risco, de modo que o estudo sistematizado possa servir de dado para projetos com semelhante característica. Por fim, serão apresentadas informações e análise crítica sobre aspectos destacados ao longo do processo administrado objeto da pesquisa. / This work aims the case study about private-public partnership, ruled by Lei nº 11.079/2004, about public concession for construction, ‘gray coat’ and São Paulo hospital complex maintenance. Therefore all public procedure was analyzed for the development and execution, including the Private Expression of Interest, the São Paulo Government providences for the private-public partnership conclusion, the bidding procedure and final agreement for the contract. From the analysis it was possible to detect particularities for each stage of the public contract, especially about risks pointed by the private partner, like managing risks among ‘white coat’ services, medical team responsibilities, and ‘gray coat’ services, private partner responsibilities. This mentioned risk presence proves that political and social factors are elements of the project model, being up to the developers to make compatible the interests through the right contractual structure. At last, info and critical analysis about the highlights during the public procedure will be presented.

The imbizo was introduced in the light of the problems associated with indirect democracy, as well as attempts to bring democracy closer to the people in ways with which they are more familiar. The problem of the study was approached by putting the imbizo in perspective. Hence, a cybernetics model was used with the two information systems, namely the GCIS and the spider-web. They were used to describe the workings of the imbizo in the political system. A mixed method using both the quantitative and qualitative approaches investigated the problem by surveying students‟ understanding of the imbizo. A case study regarding service delivery and public participation was conducted at villages where the imbizo had been held. Generally, findings confirm the imbizo’s role as an instrument to enhance service delivery. The findings have some far-reaching implications for democracy: Unlike indirect democracy, the imbizo “takes the government closer to the people” through unmediated engagement of the people in order to realise direct democracy and accountability. / M.A. (Politics) / Political Science

Encore méconnu il y a une trentaine d’années, le transport de marchandises en ville connaît aujourd’hui un essor scientifique incontestable, sous la tutelle d’instances nationales et internationales. Le sujet émerge aujourd’hui comme un enjeu d’autant plus fort que les modes de consommation et de gestion logistique restructurent les flux de biens et impactent la durabilité des villes. Pour autant, il semblerait que l’aménageur peine à se saisir à l’échelle locale de cette nouvelle thématique. Elément essentiel au fonctionnement du système urbain, le transport de marchandises reste ainsi un élément généralement ignoré par les décideurs publics, s’il n’est pas vécu comme une manifestation néfaste de l’activité urbaine.Dans cette thèse nous examinons, à l’échelle des collectivités territoriales l’intégration d’une thématique encore considérée comme faiblement structurante pour l’aménageur public. Si le transport de marchandises en ville a nécessité au début des années 1990 une conceptualisation différente du transport de fret interurbain, ce sujet exige également une adaptation spécifique aux enjeux que se pose l’aménageur. En ce sens nous, discutons les bases conceptuelles permettant de passer d’une approche technique et statistique du transport à la mobilité urbaine des marchandises pour englober les dynamiques du système urbain des « marchandises ». A travers neuf agglomérations françaises, nous confrontons les dispositifs stratégiques d’aménagement aux spécificités de la mobilité urbaine des marchandises et les conflits et incohérences qui en découlent. Nous développons par la suite le cas lyonnais pour illustrer les dynamiques et interactions territoriales complexes qui sous-tendent la mobilité urbaine des marchandises et l’évolution ainsi que les limites de la prise en compte de cette thématique. Enfin, pour discuter les effets de ces modes d’(in)action sur l’environnement urbain nous détaillons le processus d’intégration opérationnelle de la mobilité des marchandises dans deux opérations d’aménagement emblématiques de la ville de Lyon, le projet Lyon-Confluence et la rue Garibaldi.Malgré l’existence d’outils de mesure et d’action, nous montrons que la mobilité urbaine des marchandises est une thématique encore illégitime, en conflit avec le processus d’aménagement classique. Dans ce contexte les techniciens spécialistes du sujet se retrouvent marginalisés du processus d’aménagement mais servent toutefois d’alibi technique et politique pour afficher les capacités de réflexions de la collectivité sur une thématique complexe. / Still widely unexplored thirty years ago, urban freight transport is now undergoing an indisputable scientific development under the tutelage of national and international institutions. This subject now emerges as a substantial issue since consumers’ behaviours and supply chain management evolutions strongly impact cities’ sustainability. However, it seems that urban planners hardly take this new topic into account on a local level. Although it is an essential function of the urban system, freight transport remains widely unregarded by public decision makers, when it is not considered as a negative consequence of urban activity.This thesis focuses on the integration of a subject envisioned as poorly structuring for urban planners, studied here at the local authorities’ level. In the 1990s the necessity emerged for urban freight transport to be conceptualised in a way that differed from interurban freight transport. We now also consider that this subject needs to be specifically adapted to suit urban planners’ issues and we discuss the conceptual bases necessary to shift from a technical and statistical approach of transport to a view of urban freight mobility encompassing the dynamics of the “urban freight” system. Relying on the examples of nine French conurbations, we then confront urban planning policies to the specificities of urban freight mobility and describe the resulting conflicts and inconsistencies. We then develop the case of Lyons to illustrate the complex territorial dynamics and interactions underlying urban freight mobility and provide an analysis of how the actors’ awareness of this topic has evolved and to what extent it can be raised. Finally, in order to study the effects the (in)actions of city planners on urban environment we detail the process of integration of freight mobility through two urban development operations in Lyons, the “Lyon Confluence” project and the Garibaldi street project.Despite the existence of measuring and action tools, we show that urban freight mobility is still an illegitimate subject, at odds with mainstream urban planning. In this context, freight specialists in local authorities are largely kept away from the planning process, but are exposed and used as an alibi to demonstrate the capacity of public authorities to work on a complex subject.

This PhD thesis in environmental science aims to contribute to the theoretical and empirical understanding of the relation between participation and legitimacy in multi-level environmental governance. It is widely assumed that actor involvement has great potential to improve the legitimacy of nature conservation through long-term acceptance and target achievement. However, local resource conflicts problematize the way a relation between participation and legitimacy is depicted on other administrative levels. Studies exploring the effect that participation has on legitimacy are relatively rare, especially in multi-level arrangements of coastal conservation. In this thesis the relation between participation and legitimacy on the local level is examined, as well as how this relation is conditioned by multi-level governance and power. The relation is empirical studied with two local implementation processes of the Helsinki Convention’s network of marine protected areas (HELCOM MPAs). The cases are located in Sweden. Sweden and the Baltic Sea region are in the forefront of participation in nature conservation, and therefore act as a strong case for the exploration of institutional participation. However, despite apparent political will and international support, the efficiency of actor involvement for nature conservation has been questioned, also for the HELCOM MPA and especially on the local level. Based on the results of this study, I question the assumption that weak legitimacy predominantly is an issue of insufficient information sharing. The findings show that involving actors to legitimize the adoption of strict adherence to a pre-established model of conservation likely fails to create long term support for conservation. Instead, relocation of power to the affected actors seems essential in order to make participation establish legitimacy. It appears important to create room for local influence in the design, management and implementation of a particular conservation area in the particular place/context. In both examined cases, there are elements of participation that support legitimacy, for example the development of a shared vision. There are also elements that hamper legitimacy, such as, for example, the high expectations different actors have on participation to reach consensus on protective values. These unmet expectations seem to fuel conflicts of interests among actors on different levels. / Världens hav är i kris. Med ett stort internationellt tryck för att skydda dem har den svenska regeringen satt ambitiösa mål för etablering av marina reservat. Beslutsfattare och forskare har höga förväntningar på att lokalt deltagande underlättar etableringen. Men utan verkliga möjligheter för lokalt deltagande att påverka besluten så verkar förväntningarna orealistiska, med allvarliga konsekvenser för legitimitet av miljöskydd. Avhandlingen undersöker relationen mellan deltagande och legitimitet i svensk östersjöförvaltning genom att studera samrådsprocesserna för Gräsö marina naturreservat och St Anna-Missjö marina skyddsområde. Studien visar på både positiva och negativa samband mellan deltagande och legitimitet, beroende på kvalitén av deltagande. Olika lokala aktörer är djupt engagerade i resursfrågor och vill ha möjlighet att diskutera dessa med staten. Lokala aktörer uttrycker besvikelse och frustration om samråden har en begränsad inverkan på faktiska beslut. Besvikelsen kan underminera stödet för naturskydd och försämra relationen mellan stat och lokala aktörer i längden. I ett av de undersökta fallen var de lokala aktörerna engagerade i att formulera en gemensam vision för området tillsammans med myndigheterna, något som annars är ovanligt. Det visade sig ha en mycket positiv effekt på samrådsprocessen och legitimiteten av naturskyddet.