Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os usos e as formas de apropriação de uma biblioteca pública, localizada no bairro de Jardim América, no subúrbio da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A partir da observação direta e do trabalho de campo de caráter etnográfico, buscou-se evidenciar a dimensão dos conflitos advindos das distintas formas de representação e apropriação de um equipamento público de uso coletivo, num contexto periférico. O espaço em questão, por localizar-se no limite entre o bairro formal e a Favela do Dique, se apresenta como um locus privilegiado de observação das distintas formas de apropriação não só do acervo literário disponibilizado como também das distintas práticas de uso do espaço e representações sociais em jogo, sobretudo, a partir das oposições entre bairrofavela, centro-periferia, público-privado, cultura de elite-cultura popular, que se manifestam em situações de exclusão e conflito, um ponto de observação e reflexão crítica das relações sociais ali vivenciadas cotidianamente. Nesse contexto, buscase também analisar em que medida a proposta de um espaço de sociabilidade entre os grupos sociais em questão, pode se tornar um diferencial no acesso aos códigos da literatura infantil, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do hábito da leitura nesse universo social.

A pesquisa aborda a biblioteca comunitária como prática social, no Brasil. Tem por objetivo principal apontar políticas públicas para o fortalecimento e ampliação dessas iniciativas. Para isso, foi necessário proceder à análise da biblioteca comunitária como espaço de articulação local, seus atores, sua organização e o uso da informação nesse contexto. Partindo do conceito de comunidade, apresentamos uma reflexão sobre as práticas sociais, os processos participativos e a relação do Estado na construção de políticas públicas para apoiar essas experiências. Discutimos o emprego do termo pela sociedade e pela área acadêmica, analisando as semelhanças e diferenças entre a biblioteca comunitária e a biblioteca pública e popular. Optamos pela metodologia qualitativa com objetivos exploratórios e resultados descritivos e analíticos. Levantamos 350 experiências no território nacional e selecionamos 29 para compor o universo da pesquisa. Lançando mão das técnicas de entrevista e observação, pudemos confirmar que o motivo principal para a criação desses projetos é a carência de bibliotecas públicas e escolares no país, o que leva a sociedade a buscar caminhos para enfrentar o problema de acesso à informação, à leitura e ao livro. A partir das experiências analisadas, foi possível perceber que, quanto mais participativa é a sua gestão, maior é a possibilidade da biblioteca transformar-se num espaço estratégico para a implantação de políticas de integração social. Apontamos como princípios básicos para a implantação de políticas para esses espaços o respeito à diversidade e pluralidade cultural, assim como a valorização do espaço público e dos processos participativos. Defendemos a consolidação do Sistema Nacional de Bibliotecas Públicas como agência responsável pela implementação, monitoramento e avaliação das políticas públicas para apoiar as bibliotecas comunitárias. / The research focuses on the community library as social practice in Brazil. Its main objective is to discuss possible policies to strength and broaden these experiences. To accomplish these objectives performing the analysis of the community library as a space for local commitment, its participants, the organization and the use of information in this context became necessary. Starting from the concept of community, we deal with the social practice, the participation process and the relationship with the State for the construction of public policies to support these experiences. We discuss the use of the term by the society and academic field, analyzing the similarities and differences among community, public and popular library. We decided for the qualitative methodology with an exploratory objective survey, aiming to descriptive and analytical results. We investigated 350 experiences in Brazil and selected 29 to compose the research universe. By making use of interviews and observation techniques, it was possible to confirm that the main reason for the creation of these projects is the lack of public and school libraries in the country, which leads society to find ways to face the problems of the information, reading and book access. According to the analyzed experiences, we concluded that the more participative is the administration, the more possibility of the library becoming a strategic space, capable of implementing the social integration policies, increases. We point out, the respect to cultural diversity and plurality, as well as the valorization of the public space and participative process, as main principles to establish policies for these spaces. We support the consolidation of the Sistema Nacional de Bibliotecas Públicas, as the responsible agency for implementing, monitoring and evaluating of public policies to give support to the community libraries.

The library in general has been faced with a new society with changed forms of communication. This means that the development has altered the use of media in general, but also that the communication from traditional oral and written to digital communication. The aim of this study is to investigate how communication between libraries and users has changed in the more digital society. The thesis is about communication between libraries and users by means of digital channels. I have conducted interviews with librarians who handle communication within their respective public libraries and to find out how they handle communication with their users via digital channels and other means. In the study, I chose to use a qualitative method that consisted of five semi-structured interviews. I analyzed the results using the Marketing mix theory. The results of the study show that according to the participants, the presence of social media has changed how libraries communicate with their users, as they have given the libraries several channels of communication. Hence the increased part of citizens with a digital presence gives libraries the opportunity to disseminate information about the library to a larger number of users or future users.

This study is focusing of the Swedish public library as an institution for general education during the period of 1910 to 1990. The aim is to enhance the knowledge of the construction of the Swedish citizen during the organized modernity.  What were the functions of the educational efforts characterizing public library, what procedures, technologies and techniques were in use´, how did they govern and what was the inherent impact of the citizen? With inspiration from the work of Michel Foucault the library discourse have been examined from a genealogical perspective illuminating discursive and non-discursive apparatuses, technologies and relations of power within the public library practices. The public library activities were organized hierarchic, giving the national library the overall responsibility for strategic activities, thus governing regional and local libraries to form localities, book collections, methods for studies considered appropriate for people. The local libraries´ responsibility was to offer the citizens appropriate books and methods for general studies. Bio-power technologies and disciplinary techniques, such as panoptical, expert strategies and central governing are in use. Limited selections, exclusions, rating based on hierarchical principles, governing on distance, self-regulation are the most important and common not only within the field of public library but in society as a whole.  Thus, forming an active and accountable citizen that is capable of making choices, recurrently willing to reconstruct herself by studies and consumption of books. The conclusion is that this citizen, consuming knowledge and high culture, corresponds well to the requirements of the modern society. / Staten, subjektet och pedagogisk teknologi. En nutidshistorisk studie av politiska epistemologier och styrningsmentaliteter i det tidiga 2000-talet

Treffen wir immer das Interesse unserer jugendlichen Kunden? Über Geschmack lässt sich bekanntlich streiten. Aber was macht man, wenn der Adressat das Angebot gar nicht kennt? Neue Wege, um Jugendliche für die Bibliothek zu interessieren, beschreiten die Mitarbeiterinnen einer Chemnitzer Stadtteilbibliothek.

„BIS“ – das wohlfeile Magazin der Bibliotheken in Sachsen. Gut gemacht. Gut aufgemacht. Interessante, beeindruckende Berichte über die Höhen bibliothekarischer Arbeit großer und ganz großer Bibliotheken. Ab und an auch Schilderungen aus den Ebenen… Und nun mittenmang ein Artikel aus Radebeul?! Was zeichnet unsere Arbeit in der Stadtbibliothek aus, das berichtenswert wäre? Innovation? Besondere Leistungen? Modernste Technik? Eher wohl die alltäglichen Mühen zwischen Bildungs- und Kulturauftrag, Budget, Öffnungs- und Arbeitszeiten.

Wer liest, gewinnt immer – das ist bekanntlich eine Erkenntnis, der sich niemand verschließen kann, der einmal zum Buch gegriffen hat. Seit Ende 2004 macht die Quizveranstaltung für Schülerinnen und Schüler der fünften und sechsten Klassen aller Schulformen in vielen Bibliotheken Deutschlands halt. Initiiert wurde das Quiz durch eine Kooperation zur Leseförderung zwischen dem Arbeitskreis für Jugendliteratur e.V., dem Deutschen Bibliotheksverband e.V. und der Das Telefonbuch-Servicegesellschaft GmbH unter der Schirmherrschaft des Bundesministeriums für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend. Ziel aller Akteure ist es, Kindern außergewöhnliche Literatur nahe zu bringen.

Die Industriegemeinde Hartmannsdorf mit ihren rund 4.600 Einwohnern liegt nahe der Stadt Chemnitz. Bereits seit 1938 besteht in Hartmannsdorf eine Bibliothek. Nach mehreren Umzügen innerhalb des Gemeindegebietes hat die Bibliothek seit nunmehr knapp neun Jahren einen festen Standort. Im selben Objekt sind zugleich der Kinderhort, der Heimatverein beziehungsweise die Ortsgruppe des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes untergebracht. In unmittelbarer Nähe befinden sich zudem die Grundschule und die in freier Trägerschaft befindliche Mittelschule. Durch diese Einrichtungen sind beste Voraussetzungen für die Nutzung der Bibliothek durch Kinder und Jugendliche geschaffen. Aber auch zahlreiche Senioren und Erwachsene gehören zu den insgesamt mehr als 300 registrierten aktiven Lesern.

The UBC Library along with many other research libraries is beginning to develop a range of publishing support services for faculty and students. This presentation focuses on new developments and open access trends in scholarly communication and publishing. It was delivered as part of a graduate seminar in the Dept of English on April 2, 2009.

La légitimité d’une organisation est fondée sur sa mission, c’est-à-dire sur sa raison d’être. Des responsables des bibliothèques et de nombreux chercheurs craignent que la légitimité des bibliothèques publiques soit contestée dans la société de l’information. De plus, les textes officiels présentant les missions des bibliothèques publiques sont divers et les missions y sont délibérément non définies. Au Québec, où une grande majorité des bibliothèques publiques autonomes sont placées directement sous la tutelle des municipalités, les bibliothèques publiques doivent définir et légitimer leurs missions avec les élus municipaux. L’objectif principal de cette recherche est de comprendre, via les discours, le point de vue des élus municipaux québécois sur les missions des bibliothèques publiques autonomes, en comparaison avec les pratiques et les ressources des bibliothèques au plan local. Basé sur la théorie de la construction sociale de la réalité, un cadre conceptuel est proposé de manière à étudier non seulement les discours dans leur dimension textuelle, mais aussi à contextualiser ces discours et analyser l’écart entre ces discours et les pratiques des bibliothèques.La stratégie de recherche adoptée est une étude de cas multiples. L’objectif est de développer une analyse en profondeur de chaque cas et une analyse inter cas. Les douze cas (municipalités) ont été sélectionnés en fonction de deux critères de variation (la taille de la municipalité et le budget annuel alloué par la municipalité à la bibliothèque) et un critère discriminant (la distance par rapport à l’Université de Montréal). Des entrevues ont été menées auprès des élus municipaux présidant la commission ou le comité dont dépendent les bibliothèques publiques. Ces entrevues et les politiques culturelles ont fait l’objet d’une analyse de discours. Les entrevues auprès des responsables des bibliothèques et la documentation ont fait l’objet d’une analyse de contenu. Ces analyses ont permis la triangulation des méthodes et des sources de données.Les élus municipaux québécois, comme les professionnels, n’offrent pas un discours homogène sur les missions des bibliothèques publiques. Toutefois, un modèle de discours émerge. Il montre un discours « limité » par rapport à la littérature, dans lequel une image passive de la bibliothèque est présentée et dans lequel la tradition perdure malgré le contexte de la société de l’information. Mais l’analyse révèle aussi que les élus municipaux construisent leurs points de vue sur leurs propres convictions en tant qu’individus, sur leur rôle dans la gestion de la municipalité en tant qu’élus et sur l’image qu’ils ont des usagers des bibliothèques publiques. Enfin, l’analyse a révélé un axe de différenciation des points de vue selon que le discours s’appuie sur des valeurs fondamentales ou sur les usages (réels ou supposés) de la bibliothèque. / The legitimacy of an organization is based on its mission, i.e. its raison d’être. Some libraries directors and many researchers fear that the legitimacy of public libraries is challenged in the information society. Moreover, official texts presenting the missions of public libraries are varied and the missions are deliberately not defined there. In Quebec, where a large majority of autonomous public libraries are directly under the supervision of municipalities, public libraries have to define and legitimate their missions with city councillors. The main objective of this research is to understand, via the discourses, the point of view of city councillors in Quebec on the missions of autonomous public libraries, compared to the libraries’ practices in their communities. Using the theory of the social construction of reality, a conceptual framework is proposed not only to study the discourses in their textual dimension, but also to contextualize them and analyze the distance between them and the libraries’practices.The research strategy adopted is that of the multiple case study. The aim is to develop an in-depth analysis of each case as well as a cross-case analysis. The twelve cases (municipalities) were selected according to two criteria of variation (size of the municipality and annual budget allocated by the municipality to the library) and a discriminant criterion (the distance from the Université de Montréal). Interviews were conducted with the city councillors who chair the commissions or the committees on which the public libraries depend. These interviews and the municipal cultural policies were subjected to a discourse analysis. The interviews with the directors of the public libraries and documents were subjected to content analysis. This made possible the triangulation of methods and data sources. Neither the city councillors in Quebec, nor the professionals have a homogenous discourse on the missions of public libraries. However, a model of discourse does emerge. It shows a “limited” discourse compared to the literature, in which a passive image of thelibrary is presented and in which the tradition continues in spite of the context of the information society. But the analysis also revealed that the city councillors base their points of view on their own convictions as individuals, on their role in the management of the municipality as elected officials, and on the image they have of the users of public libraries. Finally, the analysis revealed an axis of differentiation of the points of view according to whether the discourse was based on fundamental values or on the (real or supposed) uses of the library. / FQRSC. Bourse de doctorat en recherche