This thesis is focused on the issues of information behaviour of editors from publishing with an emphasis on information needs and the sources of information. The first part deals with the position in the information publishing companies, the trend for electronic publishing and its influence on the book market. The following is an overview of selected terminological terms from publishers and their analysis. The next chapter is a summary of information behaviour theories, related concepts, models and current research in the Czech republic. The results of research that was realized for the purpose of the thesis between Czech editors are summarized and analyzed in the conclusion. Based on these results, proposals for the increasing of information literacy of editors are included in the thesis.

We adapt existing approaches for privacy-preserving publishing of linked data to a setting where the data are given as Description Logic (DL) ABoxes with possibly anonymised (formally: existentially quantified) individuals and the privacy policies are expressed using sets of concepts of the DL EL. We provide a chacterization of compliance of such ABoxes w.r.t. EL policies, and show how optimal compliant anonymisations of ABoxes that are non-compliant can be computed. This work extends previous work on privacy-preserving ontology publishing, in which a very restricted form of ABoxes, called instance stores, had been considered, but restricts the attention to compliance. The approach developed here can easily be adapted to the problem of computing optimal repairs of quantified ABoxes.

This thesis addresses the phenomenon of the recent success of foreign-born mangaka in the Japanese comic industry. One in a long line of foreigners who have written about Japan, Swedish mangaka Åsa Ekström is a representative example whose success has been facilitated by a set of circumstances brought on by the influence of the international manga market, socio-economic policies stemming from the unique challenges presented by Japan’s declining birthrate and rapidly aging population, and changes in the landscape of the Japanese publishing industry. Drawing upon themes and excerpts from Ekström’s popular comic essay series, Nordic Girl Åsa discovers the Mysteries of Japan (Hokuō joshi Ōsa ga mitsuketa Nihon no fushigi 北欧女子オーサが見つけた日本の不思議), this thesis explores those facets of her skilled background in conjunction with the aforementioned circumstances that have contributed to her success, including the influence of internationalization, effects of an increasingly digitized publishing industry, and proliferation of vocational manga schools encouraging overseas student enrollment. By doing so, this thesis attempts to answer the question of whether foreign participation in what has been traditionally considered a closed market is reflective of a globalizing Japan, and determine the future of the market for comic essays by foreign-born mangaka.

The vast majority of William Cobbett’s personal letters have never been published. This thesis examines these manuscripts alongside the ‘open letter’ form that dominated his published writings, using correspondence to illuminate the hybrid and highly idiosyncratic form of Cobbett’s radicalism. It shows how he responded to continued persecution from the government through a series of innovative epistolary strategies, creating a popular journalism that incorporated many of the tropes usually associated with letter writing, including familiarity, authenticity, the spontaneity of speech and the domestic scene of reception. These became inseparable from the idealized presentation of Cobbett’s own radical and agrarian domestic life, and this thesis represents the first critical study to address the significance of Cobbett’s family in the physical production and imaginative world of his writings, drawing on many of the letters written by his seven children. Individual chapters concentrate on a series of episodes in Cobbett’s post-1800 career, including his friendship with William Windham, imprisonment in Newgate, exile in America, support for Queen Caroline and writings on the Captain Swing uprising. During these years, Cobbett’s correspondence helped to establish the modern newspaper leading article as an open letter to readers, although Cobbett’s are stamped with his own personal authority. However, while correspondence invested Cobbett’s journalism with a sense of situatedness unmatched in radical writing of the period, it also highlights some of the tensions within his political and pedagogical practice. By the 1820s, Cobbett’s correspondence bristles with the contradictions of wanting to recognize the individuality and difference of his readers’ lives, and at the same time pull them within the orbit of a very paternal political vision.

The starting point of this study is a letter to the Swedish Research Council which maintained the difficulty to reconcile chemistry with open access. Previous studies show that when other sciences is increasing in both the deposition rate and selection of OA journals, there is a lull in chemistry. The purpose of the master thesis is to gain an understanding of chemists reluctance to open access in the light of the implementation of Chalmers' mandating open access policy and through field theoretical perspectives understand why. The survey is conducted with a qualitative approach and the empirical data consist of interview material from nine interviews that took place at Chalmers Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. The interviews show that chemists believe that the idea of open access is certainly sympathetic but incompatible with the chemical sciences. It is believed that the discipline´s traditions, practice and publishing culture as well as opportunities for career differs from other sciences, including what open access is concerned. This uniqueness has not been taken into account in the implementation of OA policies of funding agencies and universities, according to the informants. Evaluations of other universities implementations of open acces policies have identified success factors like support, legal advice and hands-on help in self-archiving. According to the results of this thesis, functionality and infrastructure appears to be less significant if university management and funders does not establish an atmosphere of alliance and thus undermines confidence in the policy and its proponents. The study confirms the importance of the researchers feel invited and involved in the process of change.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study considers major trends and issues within leadership theory and various gender studies that have been conducted pertaining to the advancement of women leaders. The aim of the study is therefore to establish the reasons for the underrepresentation of women in senior- or executive-level positions in organisations, and then, to put forward an appropriate leadership development plan for women to better explore leadership opportunities that present themselves. Commencing with an overview of leadership theory in general, the study progresses on to topics specific to women in leadership, and more specifically, women leaders in the magazine publishing industry in South Africa. To this end, the study comprises both primary and secondary research. The primary research was conducted amongst women in the magazine publishing sector, based in the Western Cape, holding positions as senior managers, publishers or editors. The research was structured as qualitative research, in the form of in- depth, personal interviews, which were designed in a semi-structured interview format. The secondary research is based on an extensive literature review which covers a very broad spectrum of topics and concepts on leadership and the publishing industry in South Africa. The research found that women's access to leadership positions has increased not only on a worldwide playing field but also, more specifically, in the publishing industry in South Africa. Although a great deal of work still has to be undertaken, the prospects of advancement for women in today's business environment are far more positive than five or ten years ago. Organisations and educational institutions need to change their approach to developing leaders. They need to build a new future that is able to contend with global changes and that utilises all its leaders - regardless of gender. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie bestudeer die vernaamste tendense en vraagpunte rondom leierskapsteorie asook verskeie geslagstudies wat gedoen is oor die bevordering van vroue-leiers. Die studie begin met 'n oorsig van leierskapsteorie in die algemeen; daarna verdiep dit na onderwerpe wat spesifiek betrekking het op vroue in leierskapsposisies, en meer spesifiek, vroue-leiers in die tydskrif-uitgewersbedryf in Suid-Afrika. Derhalwe behels die studie beide primêre en sekondêre navorsing. Primêre navorsing is gedoen onder vroue in die Wes-Kaap wat senior posisies in die tydskrif-uitgewersbedryf beklee, soos senior bestuurders, uitgewers en redakteurs. Die navorsing was ook kwalitatief van aard deurdat dit die vorm van in-diepte, semigestruktureerde, persoonlike onderhoude aangeneem het. Die sekondêre navorsing is gebaseer op 'n omvattende literatuurstudie wat 'n baie breë spektrum van onderwerpe en leierskapkonsepte, asook die uitgewersbedryf in Suid-Afrika, dek. Die navorsing toon dat vroue wêreldwyd, en spesifiek in die uitgewersbedryf in Suid- Afrika, al hoe groter toegang tot leierskapsposisies verkry. Alhoewel nog baie vordering in dié verband gemaak moet word, is die vooruitsigte vir die bevordering van vroue in die hedendaagse sakewêreld meer positief as vyf of tien jaar gelede. Organisasies en opvoedkundige instellings behoort hul benadering tot leierskapsontwikkeling te verander - hulle behoort rekening te hou met wêreldwye verandering en help bou aan 'n toekoms waar die geslag van 'n leier irrelevant is.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2006. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Mhlongo (2004) observes that the South African bestseller charts are dominated by imported titles and that it appears that the public prefer foreign titles above books published in South Africa (SA). By analysing data of South African general trade book sales, it has been possible to establish to what extent Mhlongho’s statement is true for all Nielsen BookScan South Africa (NBS-SA) Product Class genres. An analysis of the weekly Top 50 bestseller charts produced by NBS-SA proved that local authors face strong competition from frequently read foreign authors. The aim of this report is to assist South African authors to identify niche markets where, though South African published titles do not compete well against imported titles, there is a definite buyer interest. Only product classes that have the potential to yield relatively high returns for the author were considered. An investigation into the number of SA published books within each of the product classes revealed that South African authors and publishers are indeed under-servicing these identified product classes. Further analysis pointed out that South African titles that sell well are mainly on non-fiction topics; and in the young adult group SA title sales are mainly obtained through educational product. Most identified publishing opportunities were within genres requiring very specific or at least some prior knowledge about the subject matter, thereby restricting the possibilities to authors knowledgeable on those subjects. Fiction, however, is a generalist genre and most generalist areas were found to be completely dominated by imported titles. The analysis resulted in the extraction of the most viable publishing opportunities for South African authors in the general book trade market of South Africa. The findings of this research report empower the South African general trade book industry by exposing publishing opportunities in this country. By targeting these genres, local authors increase their probability of earning good returns and reclaiming market share from imported titles, provided that they are capable of producing competitive titles. It was concluded that poor book-buying figures are a consequence of the financial status of South African inhabitants. The outcome hereof is a very distinct buyer group that tends to buy books for application purposes and which focuses on acknowledged bestsellers when it comes to leisure reading. This is not very different from what is seen internationally. The small size of the South African market however does not create enough depth to ensure good sales on average titles. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Mhlongho (2004) het beweer dat Suid-Afrikaanse beste verkopelyste gedomineer word deur ingevoerde publikasies en dat dit blyk dat die publiek ingevoerde titels verkies bo Suid-Afrikaans gepubliseerde boeke. Deur middel van ’n analise van algemene boekverkope in Suid-Afrika was dit moontlik om te bepaal hoe waar Mhlongho se bewering is ten opsigte van alle Nielsen BookScan-produkklasse. ’n Analise van die weeklikse Top 50 verkopelyste, gepubliseer deur Nielsen BookScan Suid-Afrika, het bevestig dat outeurs sterk kompetisie kry van welbekende internasionale outeurs. Die doel van hierdie verslag is om Suid-Afrikaanse outeurs te help om markte te identifiseer waarin Suid-Afrikaanse titels nie goed opweeg teen ingevoerde titels nie, maar waar daar nog steeds ’n besliste kopersaanvraag is. Slegs produkklasse wat ’n potensiaal vir relatiewe hoë opbrengste getoon het is oorweeg. ’n Studie na die hoeveelheid Suid-Afrikaans gepubliseerde boeke wat beskikbaar gemaak word in elk van hierdie produkklasse het getoon dat hierdie genres inderdaad nie deur Suid-Afrikaanse outeurs en uitgewers bedien word nie. ‘n Verdere analise het getoon dat Suid-Afrikaanse titels wat goed verkoop merendeels uit nie-fiksie bestaan. In die jong adolessente groep word SA-verkope gekenmerk deur studiemateriaal. Die meeste van die geïdentifiseerde gapings was in genres wat spesifieke kennis of insig tot ’n sekere vakgebied vereis en sodoende die gebruiklikheid daarvan beperk tot outeurs met hierdie vakkennis. Fiksie is egter ’n algemene genre en oor die algemeen word hierdie produkklasse geheel en al gedomineer deur ingevoerde publikasies. Die analise het moontlike geleenthede vir Suid-Afrikaanse outeurs in die algemene boeksektor bloot gelê. Die eindproduk van hierdie navorsingsprojek bemagtig die Suid-Afrikaanse algemene boekbedryf deur uitgeegeleenthede te identifiseer. Deur hierdie geleenthede op te neem staan opkomende outeurs die kans tot goeie verdienste en om markaandeel te wen ten midde van ingevoerde publikasies, mits hulle ’n meedingende produk kan lewer. Die verslag sluit af met die bevinding dat swak boekverkope die resultaat is van die finansiële beslag van Suid-Afrika se inwoners. Die netto effek is ’n baie eiesoortige kopersgroep wat geneig is tot boeke geskik vir toepassings. Verder spits hulle hulle toe op beste verkopers wanneer dit kom by aankope vir ontspanning. Dit is nie aansienlik verskillend van wat die internasionale tendens is nie, maar die grootte van die Suid-Afrikaanse mark laat egter nie genoeg diepte om goeie verkope vir gemiddelde titels te verseker nie.

Bakgrund: Det har skett stora förändringar i tidningsbranschen vad gäller flerkanalspublicering och omstruktureringar. Tidningarnas huvudsakliga intäktskällor är från prenumerationer och annonsförsäljning. På grund av flerkanalspubliceringen råder en trend av vikande läsning i den tryckta tidningen. Forskningsfråga: Hur har intäktskällorna hos lokala tidningar i Västra Götaland påverkats av de förändringar som skett i branschen angående flerkanalspubliceringen samt nya ägarförhållanden? Syfte: Syftet är att genom en kvalitativ metod redogöra för hur lokala tidningar i Västra Götaland har påverkats av flerkanalspublicering och omstruktureringar i organisationerna vad gäller intäkter från annonser och prenumerationer. Metod: Vår studie är gjord genom en kvalitativ metod bestående av semistrukturerade intervjuer som har genomförts med åtta representanter från fyra olika tidningsorganisationer i Västra Götaland. Teoretisk referensram: Vår teoretiska referensram består av förändringar av arbetsprocesser inom organisationer, kopplat samman med en modell av mediekonvergens. Empiri: Här presenteras den empiri våra åtta intervjuer har gett oss under rubrikerna intäkter, flerkanalspublicering, mediekonvergens samt framgångsfaktorer. Analys: Analysen består av vår tolkning av det empiriska materialet från våra intervjuer med hjälp av vår teoretiska referensram, och är uppbyggt med samma rubriker som empirikapitlet. Slutsats: Här för vi en diskussion kring hur den lokala tidningsbranschens intäktskällor påverkats av digitaliseringen av nyheter. En viktig slutsats är; för att generera intäkter krävs att de satsar på de lokala nyheterna, som andra större konkurrerande kanaler inte fokuserar på. / Background: There have been major changes in the newspaper industry in terms of multi-channel publishing and restructuring. Their main sources of income are from subscriptions and advertising sales. Because of the multi-channel publishing there is a trend of declining reading the printed newspaper. Research question: How has the income sources of local newspapers in Västra Götaland been affected by the changes in the branch regarding multi-channel publishing and new ownership? Purpose: The purpose is, through a qualitative approach to explain how local newspapers in Västra Götaland have been affected by the multi-channel publishing and restructuring of organizations in terms of revenues from ads and subscriptions. Method: Our study is made through a qualitative approach consisting of semi-structured interviews that have been conducted with eight representatives from four different newspaper organizations in Västra Götaland. Theory: Our theoretical framework consists of changes in the newspaper branch, linked together with a model of media convergence. Empiricism: Here we present the empirical results our eight interviews have given us under the titles income, multi-channel publishing, media convergence and factors for success. Analysis: The analysis involves our interpretation of the empirical material from our interviews with the help of our theoretical framework, and is built with the same titles as the empirical chapter. Conclusion: Here we discuss how the revenue sources of the local newspaper industry are affected by the digitalization of the news. An important conclusion is that in order to generate revenue it’s needed to invest in the local news that other major competing channels are not focusing on.

Thesis (D. Phil.)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The main objective of this study is to describe the nature and function of adolescent songwriting phenomenologically to ascertain the implications for music education. Secondary aims and research questions include ascertaining if and to what extent songwriting in adolescence serves as medium for emotional expression, self-therapy, socio-cultural cohesion and informal learning. Other secondary research aims are establishing the quality of the creative product and determining the implications for music education curricula in keeping with current curriculum development strategies. Adolescents’ engagement in music is considered as a socio-cultural phenomenon. Individuals’ interaction with music is thus considered on Doise’s (1986:10-16) four levels of social explanation: the intra-personal, the interpersonal, the positional level and the ideological level. On the intra-personal level music is viewed as a technology of the self (DeNora, 2000), a medium for selftherapy and mood control and technology of the body. On the inter-personal level music is discussed as a form of self-expression serving as communicative form. On the positional level music’s role in bonding between individuals, namely social cohesion, is expounded. Lastly, on the ideological level, music is considered as part of youth, youth culture and cultural identity. The compositional (songwriting) process is analyzed. Compositional modes, individual and collaborative, are identified and described and the creative process namely composing, is delineated according to creativity, creativity as social formation, creativity as process and the role and nature of informal learning. Adolescents use the process of songwriting to establish and enhance social cohesion, to further communication and expression with peers and to exert creative and intellectual activity in an informal learning environment. The creative product, adolescents’ songs, is analyzed and described. General perspectives and theories about musical analysis are addressed to include a broader, socio-cultural view of analysis to analyze adolescent music. The musical and lyrical features are analyzed within the context of their socio-cultural setting. The SOLO Taxonomy (DeTurk, 1988) is adapted and applied to propose an evaluation procedure for the lyrics. Dunbar-Hall’s (1999) five methods of popular music analysis are applied in combination with Goodwin’s (1992) soundimage model, synaestesia, to expand on the socio-cultural context of popular music analysis. The implications of musicology namely “formal music education” versus popular music styles and the effects of formal and informal learning strategies on songwriting are considered. A new understanding of musical analysis namely “musical poetics” (Krims, 2000) is adopted and the role that locality plays in this analysis is expounded. The role of notation and playing by ear is set out to validate the adolescents’ creative product. The research methodology employed in this research include group discussion, observation, experience sampling method (adapted from Larson & Csikszentmihalyi, 1983) and individual interviews and are described according to methodology, results and analysis of the results. General perspectives on music education curricula are considered in light of the possible contribution songwriting, as an informal learning activity, could bring to music education as composition is currently a high priority in international music education discourse and features prominently in current curricula. Recommendations and conclusions are made. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die hoofdoelstelling van hierdie studie is om die aard en funksie van liedjieskryf in adolessensie fenomenologies te beskryf om sodoende die implikasies vir musiekopvoedkunde te bepaal. Sekondêre doelstellings en navorsingsvrae sluit in die vasstelling van of en hoe liedjieskryf in adolessensie dien as medium vir emosionele ekspressie, self-terapie, sosio-kulturele binding en informele leer. Ander sekondêre navorsingsvrae sluit in die bepaling van die kwaliteit van die kreatiewe produk en die implikasies vir musiekopvoedkunde kurrikula met inagneming van huidige kurrikulumontwikkeling strategieë. Adolessente se interaksie met musiek word beskryf as ‘n sosio-kulturele fenomeen. Individue se interaksie met musiek word dus ontleed volgens Doise (1986:10-16) se vier vlakke van sosiale verduideliking: die intra-persoonlike, die inter-persoonlike, die posisionele en die ideologiese vlak. Op die intrapersoonlike vlak word musiek beskou as ‘n tegnologie van die self (DeNora, 2000), d.w.s as ‘n medium vir self-terapie en stemmingsbeheer asook as ‘n tegnologie van die liggaam. Op die inter-persoonlike vlak word musiek bespreek as ‘n vorm van self-ekspressie wat dien as kommunikatiewe vorm. Op die posisionele vlak word musiek se rol in die binding tussen individue, d.w.s. sosiale binding, beskryf. Laastens, op die ideologiese vlak, word musiek oorweeg as deel van jeug, jeugkultuur en kulturele identiteit. Die komposisionele (liedjieskryf) proses word geanalisser. Komposisionele metodes, individueel en gemeenskaplik, word geïdentifiseer en beskryf en die kreatiewe proses, naamlik komposisie, word gedelinieer volgens kreatiwiteit, kreatiwiteit as sosiale formasie, kreatiwiteit as proses en die rol en aard van informele leer. Adolessente gebruik die proses van liedjieskryf om sosiale binding te vestig en te bevorder, om kommunikasie en ekspressie met die portuurgroep te bevorder en om kreatiewe en intellektuele aktiwitiet in ‘n informele leeromgewing uit te oefen. Die kreatiewe produk, adolessente liedjies, word geanaliseer en beskryf. Algemene musiekanalitiese perspektiewe en teorieë word aangespreek om ‘n breër, sosio-kulturele uitkyk op analise in te sluit. Die musikale en liriese eienskappe word geanaliseer binne ‘n sosio-kulturele konteks. Die SOLO Taksonomie (DeTurk, 1988) word aangepas en toegepas om ‘n evaluasie prosedure vir die lirieke voor te stel. Dunbar-Hall (1999) se vyf metodes van populêre musiekanalise word toegepas in kombinasie met Goodwin (1992) se klankbeeld model, synaestesia, om uit te brei op die sosio-kulturele konteks van populêre musiekanalise. Die implikasies van musikologie, “formele musiekopvoedkunde” versus populêre musiek en die effek van formele en informele leerstrategieë op liedjieskryf word oorweeg. ‘n Nuwe begrip van musikale analise, naamlik “musikale poëtika” (Krims, 2000) word aangeneem en die rol van lokaliteit in analise word verduidelik. Die rol van notasie en op gehoor speel word aangespreek om adolessente se kreatiewe produk te regverdig. Die navorsingsmetodologie toegepas in hierdie navorsing sluit in groepsbespreking, observasie, ondervinding-steekproef metode (aangepas van Larson & Csikszentmihalyi, 1983) en individuele onderhoude en word beskryf volgens metodologie, resultate en die analise van die resultate. Aangesien komposisie tans hoë prioriteit in internasionale debat geniet en prominent geplaas is in huidige musiekopvoedkunde kurrikula word algemene perspektiewe op musiekopvoedkunde kurrikula oorweeg in die lig van die moontlike bydrae wat liedjieskryf as informele leeraktiwiteit aan musiekopvoedkunde kan bring.

This thesis seeks to demonstrate that the new facilities of Web of Science (WoS) online can be used in new ways to enhance understanding of scholarly communication. It investigates four aspects of scholarly communication: characteristics of highly cited articles, citation levels of collaborative articles, citation levels of multi-disciplinary articles, and patterns of annual citation of highly cited articles. For the first two topics it investigates the WoS category of ‘Information Science & Library Science’ (IS&LS), whereas for the other topics it compares diverse WoS categories in science and social science. Although its main data source is WoS, its investigation of disciplinarity also uses Scopus. The thesis finds: (a) Highly cited IS&LS articles tend to be multidisciplinary and cited late, but are not necessarily first-authored by influential IS&LS researchers, (b) Amongst un-cite IS&LS articles the proportion of collaborative articles has remained almost constant over the past three decades whereas for higher cited articles it has grown steadily with time, (C) In social science subjects the level of citation of multi-disciplinary research are generally similar to that of mono-disciplinary research, whereas in science the citations levels for multi-disciplinary research are substantially lower than that of mono-disciplinary research, and (d) In both science and social science many very highly cited articles continue to be heavily cited more than twenty years after publication. This thesis also introduces and uses an indicator for measuring the extent of collaboration called ‘average partner scores’ and indicates a way in which the subject categories of WoS can be investigated without requiring a licence for the WoS database. Finally, it identifies and addresses some of the technical problems of using WoS online to investigate scholarly communication.