Linha de pesquisa: Epidemiologia e controle das doen?as bucais. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-03-12T22:27:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 izabella_barbosa_fernandes.pdf: 1966332 bytes, checksum: 66932f9b7cbb62d762a7b8e0b68dd7a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-12T22:27:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 izabella_barbosa_fernandes.pdf: 1966332 bytes, checksum: 66932f9b7cbb62d762a7b8e0b68dd7a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / O objetivo desse estudo de coorte foi avaliar o risco de fatores cl?nicos e socioambientais dos primeiros anos de vida da crian?a sobre: (1) a progress?o da c?rie dent?ria; (2) a presen?a de dor de dente; (3) a ocorr?ncia de m? oclus?o; (4) o impacto na qualidade de vida relacionada ? sa?de bucal de crian?as pr?-escolares e suas fam?lias. Este estudo foi realizado com 151 pares de m?es e crian?as que participaram de um estudo transversal realizado no ano de 2014 na cidade de Diamantina, Minas Gerais. Durante o baseline (2014) essas crian?as apresentavam de 1 a 3 anos de idade e foram avaliadas clinicamente para verificar a presen?a de c?rie dent?ria por meio dos crit?rios do Sistema Internacional de Avalia??o e Detec??o de C?rie Dent?ria (ICDAS) de placa dent?ria vis?vel, de m? oclus?o e de traumatismos dent?rios. As m?es tamb?m foram avaliadas clinicamente para verificar a presen?a de c?rie dent?ria por meio dos crit?rios da Organiza??o Mundial de Sa?de. Foram aplicados tr?s question?rios ?s m?es sob a forma de entrevista: um question?rio para avalia??o da qualidade de vida relacionada ? sa?de bucal, a vers?o brasileira do Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS), o Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) e um question?rio que abordava aspectos socioambientais da fam?lia al?m de informa??es relativas ?s crian?as e seus h?bitos. Todas as m?es foram orientadas acerca das condi??es bucais de seus filhos e as crian?as foram encaminhadas para atendimento odontol?gico. Ap?s tr?s anos (T1) as crian?as foram reavaliadas clinicamente e as m?es responderam novamente ao B-ECOHIS, ao DAS, al?m de responderem a um question?rio para avalia??o de dor de dente, a vers?o brasileira do Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ-B). A an?lise de dados foi realizada atrav?s do Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) vers?o 22.0, e incluiu a descri??o de frequ?ncia das vari?veis, teste qui-quadrado, teste Wilcoxon e regress?o hier?rquica de Poisson. Crian?as que possu?am pelo menos um dente com c?rie cavitada no baseline, apresentaram maior risco de progress?o de outras les?es cariosas. Foram fatores de risco para a ocorr?ncia de dor de dente em T1, a presen?a de c?rie dent?ria cavitada e a maior aglomera??o familiar no baseline. A presen?a, no baseline, de c?rie dent?ria cavitada e do h?bito de suc??o de dedo foram fatores determinantes da presen?a de m? oclus?o em T1. Incremento de c?rie severa, tratamento odontol?gico e escore do B-ECOHIS no baseline foram associados ? piora na qualidade de vida. Conclui-se que c?rie dent?ria, suc??o de dedo e maior aglomera??o familiar s?o fatores de risco para piores resultados em sa?de bucal na idade pr?-escolar. Incremento de c?rie severa, aus?ncia de tratamento dent?rio e menor escore do B-ECOHIS no baseline foram fatores de risco para a piora na qualidade de vida. / Tese (Doutorado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the risk of clinical and socioenvironmental variables in the first years of the child's life: (1) in the progression of dental caries; (2) in the presence of toothache; (3) in the occurrence of malocclusion; (4) in the impact on quality of life related to oral health of preschool children and their families. This study was conducted with 151 pairs of mothers and children who participated in a cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Diamantina, Minas Gerais, in 2014. During the baseline (2014), these children presented 1 to 3-years-old and were clinically evaluated to verify the presence of dental caries using the International Dental Caries Assessment and Detection System (ICDAS) for dental plaque, malocclusion and dental trauma. Mothers were also evaluated clinically to verify the presence of dental caries using World Health Organization criteria. Three questionnaires were applied to the mothers in the form of interviews: a questionnaire to assess the quality of life related to oral health, the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS), the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) and a questionnaire that addressed socioenvironmental and demographic aspects of the family, as well as information about the children and their habits. All mothers were instructed about the oral conditions of their children and the children were referred to dental care. After three years (T1), the children were clinically re-evaluated and the mothers responded again to the B-ECOHIS, the DAS, and answered a questionnaire for assessing tooth pain, the Brazilian version of the Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ-B). Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0, and included the frequency description of the variables, chi-square test, and Poisson hierarchical regression. Children who had at least one tooth with caries cavity in the baseline presented a higher risk of progression of other carious lesions. The presence of cavitary tooth decay and the greater familial agglomeration in the baseline were risk factors for the occurrence of tooth pain in T1. The presence, in the baseline, of cavitary tooth decay and finger suction habit were factors determining the presence of malocclusion in T1.The incidence of severe caries, absence of dental treatment and higher score of B-ECOHIS at the baseline were associated with worsening quality of life. In conclusion, tooth decay, finger suction, greater family agglomeration and the impact on the quality of life in the first years of the child's life, are risk factors for worse oral health outcomes at preschool age. The incidence of severe caries, the absence of dental treatment, and a lower score on B-ECOHIS were risk factors to worsen the quality of life.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-31T23:54:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RenatoTigreMartinsDaCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 1398473 bytes, checksum: 5259c2bb8b8df69f928b864b5cdaf972 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-05T22:15:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RenatoTigreMartinsDaCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 1398473 bytes, checksum: 5259c2bb8b8df69f928b864b5cdaf972 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-05T22:15:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RenatoTigreMartinsDaCosta_DISSERT.pdf: 1398473 bytes, checksum: 5259c2bb8b8df69f928b864b5cdaf972 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Este trabalho prop?e um gr?fico de controle modificado incorporando conceitos de an?lise de s?ries temporais. Especificamente, n?s consideramos os modelos de distribui??o de transi- ??o e mistura gaussianas (GMTD). Os modelos GMTD s?o uma classe mais geral do que os modelos da fam?lia autoregressiva (AR), no sentido de que os processos autocorrelacionados podem apresentar trechos planos (plat?s), explos?es ou outliers. Neste cen?rio os Gr?ficos de Shewhart tradicionais n?o s?o mais ferramentas adequadas para o acompanhamento desses processos. Portanto, Vasilopoulos e Stamboulis (1978) propuseram uma vers?o modificada dos gr?ficos, considerando limites de controle adequados com base em processos autocorrelacionados. A fim de avaliar a efici?ncia da t?cnica proposta uma compara??o com um gr?fico tradicional Shewhart (que ignora a estrutura de autocorrela??o do processo), o gr?fico de controle Shewhart AR(1) e um gr?fico de controle Shewhart GMTD foi feita. Uma express?o anal?tica para a vari?ncia processo, assim como os limites de controle foram desenvolvidos para um modelo GMTD particular. O ARL ? utilizado como crit?rio para medir a efici?ncia dos gr?ficos de controle. A compara??o foi feita com base em uma s?rie gerada de acordo com um modelo GMTD. Os resultados apontam para a dire??o que os gr?ficos modificados Shewhart GMTD t?m um melhor desempenho do que o Shewhart AR(1) e o Shewhart tradicional. / This work proposes a modified control chart incorporating concepts of time series analysis. Specifically, we considerer Gaussian mixed transition distribution (GMTD) models. The GMTD models are a more general class than the autorregressive (AR) family, in the sense that the autocorrelated processes may present flat stretches, bursts or outliers. In this scenario traditional Shewhart charts are no longer appropriate tools to monitoring such processes. Therefore, Vasilopoulos and Stamboulis (1978) proposed a modified version of those charts, considering proper control limits based on autocorrelated processes. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed technique a comparison with a traditional Shewhart chart (which ignores the autocorrelation structure of the process), a AR(1) Shewhart control chart and a GMTD Shewhart control chart was made. An analytical expression for the process variance, as well as control limits were developed for a particular GMTD model. The ARL was used as a criteria to measure the efficiency of control charts. The comparison was made based on a series generated according to a GMTD model. The results point to the direction that the modified Shewhart GMTD charts have a better performance than the AR(1) Shewhart and the traditional Shewhart.

No description available.

No description available.

Les potentialités du nitrure de gallium (GaN) et notamment de l'hétérostructure AlGaN/GaN, semiconducteur à large bande interdite, en font un matériau particulièrement intéressant en électronique de puissance, notamment pour des applications haute tension, haute température et haute fréquence. L'objectif de ce travail de thèse était de développer et d'optimiser l'étape d'isolation de la grille lors la réalisation de transistors MIS-HEMT de puissance sur hétérostructure AlGaN/GaN, le but étant de réduire les courants de fuite de grille sans perturber les propriétés du transistor. Après avoir évaluation, le choix s'est porté sur l'alumine Al2O3 déposé par ALD comme diélectrique de grille. L'étude s'est d'abord concentrée sur l'analyse de l'influence de traitements, chimiques ou plasma, sur la contamination de la surface d'AlGaN au travers d'analyses XPS et AFM. Puis, l'influence du diélectrique de grille a été évalué à travers la réalisation et la mesure électrique de dispositifs, diodes et transistors, en variant les méthodes de dépôt par ALD. Enfin, l'impact d'un recess par gravure ICP-RIE partielle ou complètes de la barrière d'AlGaN sous la grille a été étudiée. La réalisation d'un HEMT passe par l'étape critique du dépôt du diélectrique de grille sur le semiconducteur, et le contrôle de la qualité de l'interface " diélectrique/AlGaN " est donc une étape fondamentale car elle influe sur les propriétés électriques du composant. Ce contrôle comprend le traitement de surface du semiconducteur, mais aussi la nature et la technique de dépôt du diélectrique. Ainsi il apparaît à travers l'étude qu'un traitement de surface à l'ammoniaque à haute température est le plus efficaces pour retirer les contamination en oxydes natifs. Les mesures électriques, C(V) et Id(Vg), ont quant à elle montrés la supériorité de la PEALD par rapport à un dépôt thermique conventionnel. Ceci peut s'expliquer par le fait que le plasma oxygène qui entre jeu lors du dépôt de l'alumine par PEALD semble nettoyer la surface lors des premiers cycles, retirant notamment la contamination carbone. Cela permet d'avoir une meilleure interface entre l'alumine et le semi-conducteur, limitant les pièges à l'interface et dans l'oxyde. Cela a réduit de manière considérable les courants de fuite de grille, sans détériorer la qualité et la rapidité de la transition entre l'état on et off. De plus, les HEMTs réalisé étant de type normally-off, le recess de grille par gravure ICP-RIE a été implémenté afin de rendre moins négative la tension de pincement. Cela a été réalisé avec succès, notamment avec la réalisation d'un composant de type noramlly-off grâce à un recess total de la barrière d'AlGaN sous la grille. Des résultats à l'état de l'art ont été obtenus à travers une approche simple, et un processus de création de transistors robuste et hautement reproductible, avec une réduction importante des courants de fuite de grille et une pente sous le seuil record. Afin de compléter l'étude il conviendra par la suite de réaliser des études de fiabilité, notamment à travers des mesures dynamiques pour évaluer notamment les phénomènes de dégradation du Ron. / With its large band gap, Gallium Nitride (GaN) semiconductor is one of the most promising materials for new power devices generation thanks to its outstanding material properties for high voltage, temperature and frequency applications. The main objective of this thesis was the development and optimization of the insulating step taking place in the elaboration of MIS-HEMT transistors on an AlGaN/GaN heterstroctructure. In order to reduce gate leakage currents without degrading the device properties, alumina Al2O3 deposited by ALD was chosen as a gate dielectric. The study was first centered on the influence of surface treatments, chemical or plasma, regarding surface contamination. Their impact was analyzed through XPS and AFM. Secondly, electrical measures were performed on complete MIS-HEMT diodes and transistors to evaluate the influence of the alumina insulating layer depending on the ALD deposition method. Lastly, partial and full recess of the AlGaN barrier was studied via ICP-RIE etching. The gate dielectric deposition is one of the crucial steps intervening in the HEMT creation process. The quality and control at the Al2O2/AlGaN interface being paramount, it will directly influence the device's electric properties. This involves control ing the semiconductor surface, but also the nature and deposition technique of the dielectric. As such, an ammonia-based treatment at high temperature appears to be the most efficient in reducing native oxygen contamination. Regarding electric performances, C(V) and Id(Vg) measures showed the superiority of PEALD compared to traditional thermal ALD deposition. This can be explained by the fact that the oxygen plasma used as oxydant during the alumina deposition by PEALD seems to clean the surface during the first cycles, mostly by reducing carbon contamination. This allowed to achieve a better interface between the semiconductor and the insulting layer, thus limiting traps at the interface or in the oxyde. This allows to considerably reduce gate leakage currents, without degrading the quality and transition sharpness between the on and off state. Moreover, the realized HEMTs being normally-off, gate recess etching via ICP-RIE was implemented in order to make the threshold voltage less negative. This was successfully achieved, especially through the realization of a normally-off transistors thanks to a full recess of the AlGaN barrier under the gate. State of the art results were achieved through a simple approach, and a robust and highly reproducible transistor elaboration process, with great reduction of gate leakage currents and a record sub-threshold slope. In order to complete the study, it will be necessary in the future to proceed to viability studies, especially through dynamic electric evaluation, in order to evaluate for instance Ron degradation phenomenons.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2017-02-21T22:16:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta?ao L?lia Paula S Santos.pdf: 2382410 bytes, checksum: 0aad3a2e285b3ca2ee6f0efdce051973 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-21T22:16:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta?ao L?lia Paula S Santos.pdf: 2382410 bytes, checksum: 0aad3a2e285b3ca2ee6f0efdce051973 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Oral health problems are increasingly receiving recognition as important factors that impact quality of life. Socio-dental survey instruments can be used to evaluate this impact, and along with clinical evaluations, are important sources of knowledge for the planning and implementation of health policies that allow the intervention positively. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the association between oral clinical condition and the perception of its impact on quality of life, taking into account the physical, psychological and social dimensions related to quality of life of individuals attended to in the public health units of Feira de Santana - BA. METHODS: Cross-sectional study developed with adult individuals attended in Family Health Units and the Center for Diabetic and Hypertensive care in the municipality of Feira de Santana--BA. The data were collected through the interviews with application of a questionaire with issues about socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, general and oral health condition characteristics, conducting a full oral clinical examination and application of OHIP-14. The statistical analysis included descriptive evaluation of the variables of interest and comparing the total OHIP scores according to the variables of oral health. Association measurements, prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), between the occurrence of periodontitis and / or presence of dental caries and the impact on quality of life were obtained by poisson regression with robust variance. RESULTS: they were presented as two scientific articles. In the first article, the findings showed statistically significant associations between dental caries (PRadjusted: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.02-2.01) and severe periodontitis (PRadjusted: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.00-2.98) with the impact of oral health on quality of life. In the second article, it was observed the association between the presence of dental caries combined with periodontitis and the impact of quality of life in oral health (PRadjusted: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.03-2.59). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study showed that precarious oral health and accumulation of dental needs (dental caries and periodontitis combined) are associated with self-perceived oral health according the oral health impact profile (OHIP). / Problemas de sa?de bucal t?m sido cada vez mais reconhecidos como fatores importantes que causam impacto na qualidade de vida. Instrumentos sociodentais s?o utilizados para obten??o deste impacto e juntamente com a avalia??o cl?nica s?o importantes fontes de conhecimento para o planejamento e a implementa??o de pol?ticas p?blicas de sa?de que possibilitem a interven??o de forma positiva. OBJETIVO: avaliar a associa??o entre condi??o cl?nica bucal e a percep??o do seu impacto na qualidade de vida de indiv?duos atendidos na rede p?blica de Feira de Santana ? BA.M?TODO: Estudo transversal desenvolvido com indiv?duos adultos atendidos em Unidades de Sa?de da Fam?lia e no Centro de Atendimento ao Diab?tico e Hipertenso do munic?pio de Feira de Santana ? BA. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista com aplica??o de question?rio que abordava itens sobre caracter?sticas socioecon?mico-demogr?ficas, estilo de vida, condi??o de sa?de geral e bucal, realiza??o de exame cl?nico bucal completo e aplica??o do OHIP-14. A an?lise estat?stica compreendeu avalia??o descritiva das vari?veis de interesse e compara??o dos escores totais do OHIP segundo as vari?veis da condi??o bucal. Medidas de associa??o, raz?o de preval?ncia (RP) e intervalo de confian?a a 95% (IC95%), entre ocorr?ncia da periodontite e/ou presen?a de c?rie dent?ria e o seu impacto na qualidade de vida foram obtidas por meio da Regress?o de Poisson com vari?ncia robusta.RESULTADOS: Foram apresentados em forma de dois artigos cient?ficos. No primeiro artigo, os achados mostraram associa??es estatisticamente significantes entre a ocorr?ncia de c?rie dent?ria (RPajustada: 1,43; IC95%: 1,02-2,01) e da periodontite grave (RPajustada: 1,72; IC95%: 1,00-2,98) com o impacto da sa?de bucal na qualidade de vida. No segundo artigo, foi observada a associa??o entre presen?a de c?rie dent?ria combinada a periodontite com o impacto da qualidade de vida na sa?de bucal (RPajustada: 1,63; IC95%: 1,03-2,59). CONCLUS?ES: Os achados deste estudo mostraram que a condi??o bucal prec?ria e ac?mulo de necessidades bucais (c?rie dent?ria e periodontite combinadas) est?o associados coma autopercep??o da sa?de bucal conforme o perfil de impacto na sa?de bucal(OHIP).

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:32:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 425500.pdf: 2144685 bytes, checksum: 6bbb3c716f2cfac736793bdebd22430f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-30 / Objetivo: Avaliar a associa??o entre prematuridade e c?rie dent?ria, defeitos de esmalte, atrasos na matura??o de dentes permanentes e altera??es da mineraliza??o do osso mandibular. M?todo: Foram realizados exame cl?nico odontol?gico e radiografia panor?mica em crian?as com idade entre 7 e 10 anos, nascidos com idade gestacional <37 semanas e peso &#8804; 1750g e comparados com um grupo de nascidos a termo com a mesma idade. Foi avaliado o n?mero de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPOD), o ?ndice de desenvolvimento de defeitos do esmalte (?ndice DDE), a matura??o dent?ria pelo m?todo Nolla e a mineraliza??o do osso mandibular pelos ?ndices radiomorfom?tricos. Resultados: Foram examinadas 31 crian?as prematuras e 35 controles. O CPOD do grupo de pr?-termos foi de 0,6?0,9 e o do grupo controle de 0,5?0,9 (p=0,59). O ?ndice DDE de cada grupo foi, respectivamente, 5,2?3,3 e 3,9?3,2 (p=0,93). O Escore de Nolla do grupo de prematuros foi 57,2?3,2 e dos controles, 57,9?3,3 (p= 0,38). Os ?ndices radiomorfom?tricos foram semelhantes em ambos os grupos. Conclus?o: N?o foi evidenciada associa??o entre prematuridade e c?rie, defeitos de esmalte, atrasos na matura??o nos dentes permanentes e na mineraliza??o do osso mandibular.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:43:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaNG_DISSERT.pdf: 2029374 bytes, checksum: 7beef1937e948bf118e34bf7f689b69b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Early childhood caries, especially in its severe form, which is characterized by an acute and aggressive nature, can have negative impacts on thequality of life of a child, due to effects such as difficulty in chewing, decreased appetite, weight loss, insomnia, changes in behavior and a decreased performance in school, among others. Moreover, the quality of life of the child`s family can also be affected, as the pain and discomfort caused by this type of caries result in loss of working days of parents, spending on dental treatments, changes in sleep patterns and stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of severe early childhood caries in the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of public daycares`s preschool children through the Escala de Impacto da Sa?de Bucal na Primeira Inf?ncia, a Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). A single calibrated examiner (kappa=1.0) evaluated, through the dmfs index, the oral health of 116 children aged between 3 and 5, which were included in one of three study groups: "caries-free", "not-severe early childhood caries" and "severe early childhood caries". The parents responded to ECOHIS, to assess their perception regarding the OHRQoL of their children, and a questionnaire on socioeconomic conditions. The OHRQoL was measured through the total scores and domains of ECOHIS. Descriptive analysis, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, chi-square test and Poisson multiple regression with robust variance were used. Among the children observed, 38.8% were caries-free, 27.6% showed not-severe early childhood caries and 33.6% showed severe early childhood caries. Regarding the total score of ECOHIS, severe early childhood caries had a greater negative impact on OHRQoL, compared to caries-free and not-severe early childhood caries groups (p <0.001). Regarding the child subscale, there was significant difference between the "severe early childhood caries" group and the other groups in all domains, except for theone of self-image / social interaction. In the family subscale domains, there was statistical significance between the severe early childhood caries and the caries-free groups in all domains (p <0.001), whereas between the "severe early childhood caries and not-severe early childhood caries groups there was a statistically significant difference only in the domain of parental anguish (p <0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that early childhood caries and the parent`s age were significantly associated to OHRQoL (p <0.05), independently of the other variables in the model. The presence of severe early childhood caries resulted in greater negative impact on OHRQoL (AdjPR= 6.016; 95%CI = 3.12 11.56; p<0.001), while older parents reported better OHRQoL (AdjPR = 0.603; 95%CI = 0.428 - 0.850; p = 0.004). The presence of severe early childhood caries had a negative impact on OHRQoL of preschool children and their families. / A c?rie precoce na inf?ncia, especialmente a sua forma severa, caracterizada pela natureza aguda e agressiva, pode produzir impactos negativos na qualidade de vida da crian?a, como dificuldade na mastiga??o, diminui??o do apetite, perda de peso, dificuldade em dormir, altera??o no comportamento e diminui??o do rendimento escolar, entre outros. Al?m disso, a qualidade de vida da fam?lia da crian?a portadora desse tipo de c?rie tamb?m pode ser afetada, pois os quadros de dor e desconforto causados resultam em perdas de dias de trabalho dos pais, gastos com tratamentos odontol?gicos, altera??o nos padr?es de sono e estresse. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto da c?rie precoce severa na inf?ncia na Qualidade de Vida Relacionada ? Sa?de Bucal (QVRSB) de crian?as pr?-escolares de creches p?blicas por meio da Escala de Impacto da Sa?de Bucal na Primeira Inf?ncia, vers?o brasileira do Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Um ?nico examinador calibrado (kappa=1,0) avaliou, por meio do ?ndice ceo-s, a sa?de bucal de 116 crian?as entre 3 e 5 anos de idade, as quais foram inclu?das em um dos tr?s grupos de estudo: livre de c?rie , c?rie precoce n?o severa e c?rie precoce severa . Os pais responderam ao ECOHIS, para avaliar sua percep??o em rela??o ? QVRSB de seus filhos, al?m de um question?rio sobre condi??es socioecon?micas. A QVRSB foi mensurada por meio dos escores total e por dom?nios do ECOHIS. An?lise descritiva, teste de Mann-Whitney, teste de Kruskal-Wallis, teste do quiquadrado e regress?o m?ltipla de Poisson com vari?ncia robusta foram utilizados. Dentre as crian?as avaliadas, 38,8% eram livres de c?rie, 27,6% apresentavam c?rie precoce n?o severa e 33,6% apresentavam c?rie precoce severa. Em rela??o ao escore total do ECOHIS, a c?rie precoce severa na inf?ncia teve um maior impacto negativo na QVRSB em compara??o aos grupos livre de c?rie e c?rie precoce n?o severa (p<0,001). Em rela??o ? subescala da crian?a, houve diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre o grupo c?rie precoce severa e os outros grupos em todos os dom?nios, com exce??o do dom?nio de auto-imagem / intera??o social. Nos dom?nios da subescala da fam?lia, houve diferen?a significativa entre os grupos c?rie precoce severa e o livre de c?rie em todos os dom?nios (p<0,001); j? entre os grupos c?rie precoce severa e c?rie precoce n?o severa , houve diferen?a estatisticamente significativa somente no dom?nio de ang?stia dos pais (p<0,001). A an?lise multivariada mostrou que a c?rie precoce na inf?ncia e a idade dos pais foram significativamente associadas ? QVRSB (p<0,05), independentemente das demais vari?veis do modelo. A presen?a de c?rie precoce severa na inf?ncia resultou em maior impacto negativo sobre a QVRSB (RPaj=6,016; IC95% = 3,12 -11,56; p<0,001), enquanto pais mais velhos relataram melhor QVRSB (RPaj = 0,603; IC95% = 0,428-0,850; p = 0,004). A presen?a de c?rie precoce severa na inf?ncia teve um impacto negativo na QVRSB de crian?as pr?-escolares e de suas fam?lias

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:43:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CeliaAAS_DISSERT.pdf: 2988608 bytes, checksum: 5a7fdda483527741ad6df9d2c47ad611 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-23 / Among the non-invasive techniques employed in the prevention of caries highlights the sealing pits and fissures which is a conservative maneuver, in order to obliterate them to protect them from attack acid bacteria. Influenced by the studies of pre-heating composite resin, which has experienced great improvement in some of their physical properties, this study aimed to evaluate in vitro the superficial and internal marginal adaptation of different materials and sealants in pre-heating or not. A total of 40 extracted human third molars (n=10) that had their occlusal surfaces prepared to receive sealant. We tested two types of sealing materials: resin sealant (Fluoroshield) and low-viscosity resin (Permaflo), where 50% of previously received heated material and the other half received sealant material at room temperature. All samples were subjected to thermal cycling and pH, simulating a cariogenic oral environment, and later were analyzed appliance OCT (optical coherence tomography). The images obtained alterations were recorded and analyzed statistically. Change was considered as the emergence of bubbles, gaps and cracks in the sealant. Comparisons of the same material, assessing the fact that it is not sealed or preheated material, as well as comparisons between different materials subjected to the same temperature were carried out. The nonparametric Tukey test was used (p < 0,05). The results showed that there was statistically significant difference between both the materials analyzed, as between the situations in which the sealant material was submitted (preheated or not). On the issue of marginal adaptation and internal surface, seen through Optical coherence tomography, may suggest that there is a difference between the use of one type or another of the sealing material analyzed, with superiority attributed to resin Permaflo compared to sealant Fluroshield, telling is the same for the different techniques used / O selamento de f?ssulas e fissuras destaca-se entre as t?cnicas n?o invasivas empregadas na preven??o de c?ries. Consiste em uma manobra conservadora que as oblitera e protege da destrui??o dos ?cidos bacterianos. Influenciado pelos estudos de pr?-aquecimento das resinas compostas, em que se observou grande melhora em algumas de suas propriedades f?sicas, este trabalho objetivou analisar, in vitro, a adapta??o marginal superficial e interna de diferentes materiais seladores e em situa??es de pr? aquecimento ou n?o. Foram utilizados 40 terceiros molares humanos extra?dos (n=10), os quais tiveram suas superf?cies oclusais preparadas para receber o material selador. Foram testados dois tipos de materiais seladores: selante resinoso (Fluoroshield) e resina de baixa viscosidade (Permaflo). Dentre estes, 50% recebeu material aquecido previamente e a outra metade recebeu material selador em temperatura ambiente. Todas as amostras foram submetidas ? Ciclagem T?rmica e de pH, simulando um ambiente oral cariog?nico. Em seguida foram analisadas em aparelho de OCT (Tomografia de coer?ncia ?tica). As imagens obtidas tiveram suas altera??es registradas e analisadas estatisticamente. Como altera??o foi considerado o surgimento de bolhas e fendas. Compara??es para o mesmo material, avaliando o fato do mesmo ser ou n?o selado com material pr? aquecido, bem como compara??es entre os diferentes materiais submetidos ? mesma temperatura, foram realizadas. O teste n?o param?trico de Tukey foi empregado (p<0,05). Os resultados mostraram ter havido diferen?a estatisticamente significativa tanto entre os materiais analisados, como entre as situa??es em que o material selador foi submetido (pr? aquecido ou n?o). No quesito adapta??o marginal superficial e interna, visto atrav?s de Tomografia de Coer?ncia ?tica, pode-se sugerir que h? diferen?a entre o uso de um tipo ou outro dos materiais seladores analisados, com superioridade atribu?da ? resina Permaflo em rela??o ao selante Fluroshield, dizendo-se o mesmo em rela??o ?s diferentes t?cnicas utilizadas

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-08-16T19:52:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Givanildo de Gois.pdf: 10268407 bytes, checksum: 6b0d9ed5afee22baa701ac9aa599b1e9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-16T19:52:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Givanildo de Gois.pdf: 10268407 bytes, checksum: 6b0d9ed5afee22baa701ac9aa599b1e9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-22 / CAPES / Few studies were based on the areas of Physical and Statistical Climatology applied to the state of Rio de Janeiro (ERJ), focused on natural disasters (droughts, floods and desertification) based on climatic data and orbital products. The time series used were 47 years (1967 to 2013) and 71 years (1943 to 2013). Both series come from 100 existing stations belonging to ANA, CPRM, INMET, SERLA and LIGHT. The temporal series (raw data) were faulty and were filled with TRMM satellite 3B43 product (1998 to 2013) and INMET climatological norm (1947 to 1997). The series were submitted to descriptive, exploratory, parametric (Shapiro-Wilks-SW and Barlett-B), non-parametric tests (Mann-Kendall-MK, Sen-Se, Pettitt and SOCUM), Box Cox transformation and analysis Grouping (AA). In addition, monthly data from the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2) between 2001- 2012 with the objective of verifying the trend of increase and decrease of vegetation in the ERJ by non-parametric tests and future scenarios by the Markov Chain. Estimation of the monthly mean air temperature (Tmi) in the ERJ based on observed series and reanalyses or the composition of both, and being adjusted to the three-base linear multiple regression (RLM) and linear regression models: Bases 1 Reanalysis / NCEP), 2 (INMET / NCDC) and 3 (Reanalysis / NCEP and INMET / NCDC) between 1948 and 2015. Descriptive analysis showed a probability of occurrence above 75%. The SW and B tests presented a low significance level for p-value (? < 5%) and the hypothesis of normality and homogeneity of variances in the stations was rejected. The Box Cox transformation was effective in stabilizing the residue normality and homogeneity of variance of the monthly rainfall series of the Middle Para?ba and Serrana regions, except for the Northwest Fluminense. The high variability of ? (0.326 to 0.565) is due to the fact that most of the stations are in the Sierra do Mar slope facing the mainland, where rainfall is influenced by the interaction of topography with local and synoptic systems, only one season In the Serra do Mar slope facing the Atlantic Ocean with influence of the coastal environment and the mesoscale and synoptic systems, in the series of 71 years. Based on AA were chosen 11 stations with normality or homogeneity of variance characterized two homogeneous pluviometric groups (G1 and G2) in the ERJ. For the trend analysis, the MK test and method were shown the presence of non significant trends of rainfall increase in the annual and seasonal scales. Pettitt and SOCUM were efficient in identifying the years of possible non-significant or insignificant abrupt changes in the 71-year time series. The SOCUM test identified 39 ENSO events in groups G1 and G2. The highest percentage in the neutral events (48.72%) and the lowest in the moderate El Ni?o and La Ni?a weak and strong (5.13%). An insignificant trend of vegetation growth is observed at 75%, followed by a significant downward trend of 25% of the ERJ Government regions. The Pettitt test showed the existence of abrupt changes not significant (NS), both growth and vegetation decrease in 6 regions and significant (S) decrease in 2 regions. The predictions of changes ranging from 1 to 2 years at constant intervals (3 to 10 years) were observed in all future scenarios. Bases 1 and 2 presented the highest number of significant coefficients, according to the F test for (p-value <0.05), the exception was Base 3. The latitude variable (?1) was more significant, followed by altitude (?3 ) In all Bases. Significant values of r2 (> 0.80) and r (> 0.90) in Base 2 and Base 1 with r2 (> 0.50) and r (> 0.70). The adjusted RLM models explained most of the spatial variability of Tmi for the ERJ. The parametric tests of SW and B applied to the monthly rainfall series without treatment and to the reduced variable the normal distribution standardized to 95% of probability point to the hypotheses of non-normality and neither homogeneity of the time series. The high sensitivity of the rainfall series to the B test were observed in the eight Government regions, due to the rigor of the test. The lambda coefficients of the Box Cox transformation applied to the monthly rainfall series for data without treatment and the reduced variable of the standardized normal distribution do not present efficiency in the stabilization of the homogeneity of the variances. Confirmed by the test of B, in 99.58% and 100% of the events. The efficiency found only in the stabilization of normality in 81.33% and 81.58% of the monthly cumulative frequencies of data without treatment and the reduced variable. Moderate performance of SPI methods with untreated and Box Cox versus SPI-transformed data with reduced-box data transformed by Box Cox is evident in SPI-1, which shows the presence of significant variations of statistical parameters in the Norte, Costa Verde, Baixada Litor?nea e Metropolitana shortage, followed by low performance of the r2 coefficient in the ERJ regions. SPI-12 shows a significant high dispersion of the coefficient r, followed by a low to very low performance, and a low coefficient r2. This indicates poor accuracy of SPI index estimates in both methods. The EPE and RMSE errors do not present significant variations, in the durations of 1 and 12 months. A high variation of the rec coefficients with the index d in the SPI-1 month is verified, a poor performance of the methods with data without treatment and with transformed by Box Cox versus SPI with data of the reduced variable transformed by Box Cox, for the SPI-12 Was verified in the ERJ regions. The temporal / annual analyzes of SPI-1 and 12 in the regions show a high variability and greater intensity of SPI-1, unlike SPI-12. SPI-1 and SPI-12 in the regions show similarity in the behavior of SPI-1 and SPI-12, where the highest and lowest frequencies of droughts categorized as moderately, extremely and extremely dry were recorded in the 70, 80, 90, 2000 and in the period 2010/2013, except for the 60. Events of ENOS were observed in the study period. The Pettitt test identified the years of changes in the SPI-12 index, in 1977 (El Ni?o weak), 1984 (La Ni?a weak), 1989 (Neutral), 1992 (Neutral) and 2002 (Moderate El Ni?o). The prevailing category was close to normal in the Norte Fluminense, Baixadas Litor?neas and Costa Verde regions, followed in the other regions of Government in some parts (SW), (SSW) (SE) and (NE). The moderately dry category occurred in the regions, Metropolitana, Centro Sul Fluminense, M?dio Para?ba, Serrana and NoroesteFluminense, and the other parts in the (SW), (NW) and (NNE) portions of the ERJ. In short, the application of statistical, parametric and non-parametric tests, chain of markov, multivariate analysis are efficient tools in the evaluation of natural disasters in the ERJ. / H? poucos estudos baseados nas ?reas de Climatologia F?sica e Estat?stica aplicadas ao estado do Rio de Janeiro (ERJ), voltados para cat?strofes naturais (secas, enchentes e desertifica??o) baseado em dados clim?ticos e produtos orbitais. As s?ries temporais usadas foram de 47 anos (1967 a 2013) e 71 anos (1943 a 2013). oriundas de 100 esta??es pertencentes ? ANA, CPRM, INMET, SERLA e LIGHT. Estas s?ries (dados brutos) apresentavam falhas e foram preenchidas com produto 3B43 do sat?lite TRMM (1998 a 2013) e com as normais climatol?gicas do INMET (1947 a 1997). Para tanto elas foram submetidas ? an?lise descritiva, explorat?ria, testes param?tricos (Shapiro-Wilks-SW e Barlett-B), n?o param?tricos (Mann-Kendall-MK, M?todo de Sen -Se, Pettitt e SOCUM), transforma??o Box Cox e an?lise de agrupamento (AA). Al?m disso, foram usados dados mensais do Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2) entre 2001-2012 com objetivo de verificar tend?ncia de aumento e diminui??o da vegeta??o no ERJ pelos testes n?o param?tricos e os cen?rios futuros pela Cadeia de Markov. A estimativa da temperatura m?dia mensal do ar (Tmi) no ERJ, foi baseada em s?ries observadas de rean?lises ou atrav?s da composi??o de ambas e, sendo ajustadas aos modelos de regress?o linear m?ltipla (RLM) e simples (RLS) baseado em tr?s bases: Bases 1 (Rean?lise/NCEP), 2 (INMET/NCDC) e 3 (Rean?lise/NCEP e INMET/NCDC) entre 1948 a 2015. A an?lise descritiva mostrou uma probabilidade de ocorr?ncia acima de 75%, os testes SW e B apresentaram um baixo n?vel de signific?ncia para p-valor (? < 5%) e rejeitou-se a hip?tese de normalidade e homogeneidade de vari?ncias nas esta??es. A transforma??o Box Cox foi eficaz na estabiliza??o da normalidade dos res?duos e homogeneidade de vari?ncia da s?rie temporal de chuva mensal das regi?es M?dio Para?ba e Serrana, com exce??o do Noroeste Fluminense. A alta variabilidade de ? (0,326 a 0,565) ? devido ? maioria das esta??es encontram-se na vertente da Serra do Mar voltada para o continente, onde o regime de chuva ? influenciado pela intera??o da topografia com sistemas locais e sin?ticos e tendo apenas uma esta??o na vertente da Serra do Mar voltada para o Oceano Atl?ntico com influ?ncia do ambiente costeiro e dos sistemas de mesoescala e sin?ticos, na s?rie de 71 anos. Com base na AA foram escolhidas 11 esta??es com normalidade ou homogeneidade de vari?ncia, caracterizando dois grupos homog?neos pluviom?tricos (G1 e G2) no ERJ. Para a an?lise de tend?ncia, o teste MK e m?todo Se mostraram a presen?a de tend?ncias n?o significativas de aumento das chuvas nas escalas anual e sazonal, enquanto que o Pettitt e o SOCUM foram eficientes quanto ? identifica??o dos anos de poss?veis mudan?as abruptas n?o significativas ou insignificantes na s?rie temporal de 71 anos. O teste de SOCUM identificou 39 eventos de ENOS nos grupos G1 e G2, os maiores percentuais nos eventos neutros (48,72%) e os menores nos El Ni?o moderado e La Ni?a fraca e forte (5,13%). Outro resultado encotrado foi a exist?ncia de uma tend?ncia insignificante de crescimento da vegeta??o em 75%, seguido de uma tend?ncia significativa de diminui??o em 25% das regi?es pol?ticas do ERJ. J? o teste de Pettitt mostrou a exist?ncia de mudan?as bruscas n?o significativas (NS), ambos de crescimento e diminui??o da vegeta??o em 6 regi?es e significativas (S) de diminui??o em 2 regi?es. Os progn?sticos de mudan?as com varia??o de 1 a 2 anos em intervalos constante (3 a 10 anos) foram observados em todos os cen?rios futuros. As Bases 1 e 2 apresentaram o maior n?mero de coeficientes significativos, segundo O teste F para p-valor < 0,05, com exce??o para a Base 3. A vari?vel latitude (?1) foi mais significativa, seguido da altitude (?3) em todas as Bases. Foram encontrados valores significativos de r2 (>0,80) e r (> 0,90) na Base 2 e na Base 1 com r2 (>0,50) e r (>0,70). Os modelos de RLM ajustados explicaram a maior parte da variabilidade espacial da Tmi para o ERJ, enquanto que os testes param?tricos de SW e B aplicados a s?rie temporal mensal de chuva sem tratamento e ? vari?vel reduzida a distribui??o normal padronizada a 95% de probabilidade apontaram para as hip?teses de n?o-normalidade e n?o-homogeneidade da s?rie temporal. A alta sensibilidade da s?rie temporal de chuva ao teste B foram constatada nas oito regi?es pol?ticas do ERJ, devido ao rigor do teste. Os coeficientes de lambda da transforma??o Box Cox aplicada ?s s?ries temporais mensais de chuva para dados sem tratamento e a vari?vel reduzida da distribui??o normal padronizada n?o apresentam efici?ncia na estabiliza??o da homogeneidade das vari?ncias. Confirmado pelo teste de B, em 99,58% e 100% dos eventos repetitivamente. A efici?ncia constatada apena na estabiliza??o da normalidade em 81,33% e 81,58% das frequ?ncias acumuladas mensais dos dados sem tratamento e da vari?vel reduzida. Al?m disso observa-se que o desempenho moderado dos m?todos do SPI com dados sem tratamento e com os transformados pela Box Cox versus SPI com dados da vari?vel reduzida transformada pela Box Cox fica evidente no SPI-1, que mostra a presen?a de varia??es significativas dos par?metros estat?sticos nas regi?es Norte, Costa Verde, Baixada Litor?nea e Metropolitana, seguidos de baixo desempenho do coeficiente r2 nas regi?es do ERJ. J? o SPI-12 mostrou uma alta dispers?o significativa do coeficiente r, seguido de um desempenho baixo a muito baixo, e baixos valores do coeficiente r2, indicando fraca precis?o das estimativas dos ?ndices SPI em ambos os m?todos. Os erros EPE e RMSE n?o apresentaram varia??es significativas, nas dura??es de 1 e 12 meses. Contudo costatase uma alta varia??o dos coeficientes r e c com o ?ndice d no SPI-1 m?s, ressaltasse que um p?ssimo desempenho dos m?todos com dados sem tratamento e com transformados pela Box Cox versus SPI com dados da vari?vel reduzida transformada pela Box Cox, para o SPI-12 foi verificado nas regi?es do ERJ. Al?m disso, as an?lises temporal/anual dos SPI-1 e 12 nas regi?es mostra alta variabilidade e maior intensidade do SPI-1, ao contr?rio do SPI-12. No tocante a an?lise temporal dos SPI?1 e SPI?12 nas regi?es do ERJ verifica-se similaridade quanto ao comportamento dos SPI?1 e SPI?12, onde as maiores e menores frequ?ncias de eventos de secas categorizadas como moderadamente, muito e extremamente seco foram registradas nas d?cadas 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000 e no per?odo 2010/2013, com exce??o da d?cada de 1960. Eventos de ENOS foram observados no per?odo de estudo. O teste de Pettitt identificaram os anos de mudan?as do ?ndice SPI-12, em 1977 (El Ni?o fraco), 1984 (La Ni?a fraca), 1989 (Neutro), 1992 (Neutro) e 2002 (El Ni?o moderado). Prevaleceu a categoria pr?ximo ao normal nas regi?es Norte Fluminense, Baixadas Litor?neas e Costa Verde, seguido nas demais regi?es de Governo em algumas por??es (SW), (SSW) (SE) e (NE). A categoria moderadamente seca ocorreu nas regi?es, Metropolitana, Centro Sul Fluminense, M?dio Para?ba, Serrana e Noroeste Fluminense enas demais nas por??es (SW), (NW) e (NNE) do ERJ. Em suma, a aplica??o dos testes estat?sticos, param?tricos e n?o-param?tricos, cadeia de markov, an?lise multivariada s?o ferramentas eficientes na avalia??o das cat?strofes naturais no ERJ.