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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Aptidão física relacionada à saúde cardiovascular : proposição de pontos de corte para escolares brasileiros

Bergmann, Gabriel Gustavo January 2009 (has links)
As doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) são as principais causas de morte no mundo. Estas doenças se originam e se desenvolvem a partir de uma série de fatores de risco durante os anos da infância e adolescência. Dois componentes da aptidão física relacionada á saúde apresentam associação com estes fatores de risco; a aptidão cardiorrespiratória (ApC) e a composição corporal. Indivíduos jovens com baixos níveis de ApC e níveis elevados do componente de gordura da composição corporal (sobrepeso/obesidade) têm maiores probabilidades de portarem estes fatores de risco. É neste contexto que se insere este estudo, que tem como principais objetivos: 1) identificar a capacidade de triagem de crianças e adolescentes com maior probabilidade de portarem fatores de risco para DCV dos pontos de corte disponíveis na literatura para a ApC e para indicadores antropométricos de sobrepeso e obesidade (IASO), e; b) propor novos pontos de corte para a ApC e IASO de escolares brasileiros de 7 a 12 anos de idade. A amostra do tipo aleatória por conglomerados foi constituída por 1.413 escolares de 7 a 12 anos de idade. A ApC foi medida através do teste de corrida/caminhada de 9 minutos. Os IASO utilizados foram o índice de massa corporal (IMC), o somatório de dobras cutâneas triciptal e subescapular (TRI+SUB) e triciptal e da panturrilha (TRI+PAN), a circunferência da cintura (CC), e o índice de conicidade (IC). O colesterol total (monitor portátil Roche Diagnostics) e as pressões arterial sistólica e diastólica (método auscultatório) foram medidas e através delas foram criadas referências de fatores de risco para DCV. Através da curva Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) entre a ApC e os IASO, com as referências de fatores de risco para DCV foram identificados os valores dos pontos de corte que corresponderam ao melhor ajustamento entre sensibilidade e especificidade. A sensibilidade e a especificidade dos pontos de corte disponíveis na literatura e os propostos por nosso estudo foram calculadas a partir de tabelas de contingência com as referências de fatores de risco para DCV. Adicionalmente foi utilizada a regressão logística binária para identificar o quanto os indivíduos que não atenderam aos pontos de corte propostos tinham a mais de probabilidade de apresentar fatores de risco para DCV em relação àqueles que atenderam. Os resultados indicaram que os pontos de corte disponíveis na literatura para a ApC não apresentam bom ajustamento entre sensibilidade e especificidade, não sendo adequados para a avaliação da ApC. Os pontos de corte disponíveis na literatura para os IASO por outro lado, no geral, apresentaram aceitáveis ajustamentos entre sensibilidade e especificidade. Os pontos de corte propostos no presente estudo para ApC e para os IASO mostraram-se adequados para a identificação de escolares com maiores probabilidades de portarem fatores de risco para DCV, com ajustamentos entre sensibilidade e especificidade melhores que os apresentados pelos pontos de corte disponíveis na literatura. Estes resultados ficam reforçados quando as análises da regressão logística binária indicam que a probabilidade de escolares que não atenderam aos pontos de corte propostos em nosso estudo é maior que a probabilidade de escolares que não atenderam aos pontos de corte propostos na literatura de portarem fatores de risco para DCV em relação aos escolares que atenderam aos pontos de corte. Dentre os IASO o IMC e o TRI+SUB foram os que apresentaram melhor capacidade de identificar escolares com maior probabilidade de apresentar fatores de risco para DCV. Contudo, os demais IASO, com exceção do IC, também mostraram adequada capacidade. Frente aos resultados encontrados ficam evidências de que indivíduos com baixos valores de ApC e elevados de IASO possuem maior probabilidade de apresentar fatores de risco para DCV em comparação com aqueles com valores mais apropriados. Além disto, os pontos de corte propostos pelo presente estudo mostraram-se mais adequados que àqueles disponíveis na literatura para a identificação de escolares com maior probabilidade de portarem fatores de risco para DCV. Desta forma, sugerimos as medidas de ApC pela corrida/caminhada de nove minutos e dos IASO estudados, com exceção do IC, e a avaliação pelos pontos de corte propostos no presente estudo para triagem de escolares com risco aumentado para apresentarem fatores de risco para DCV. / The cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the mainly death cause in the world. These diseases begin and development during childhood and adolescent years by a serial of risk factors. Two components of health related physical fitness show association with these risk factors; cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) end body composition. Young individuals with low level of CF and high level of fat component of body composition (overweight/obesity) have more probability to carry on these risk factors. The aims of this study are: 1) to identify the sort capacity of children and adolescents with more probability to carry on the CVD risk factors of the CF and overweight/obesity anthropometric indicators (OOAI) cut offs available at literature, end; b) to propose new cut offs to CF and OOAI of brazilian scholars of 7 to 12 years old. The sample was compound for 1.413 scholars of 07 to 12 years old, selected of aleatory by conglomerated way. The CF was measured by the 9 minutes run/walk test. The OOAI utilized were the body mass index (BMI), the sum of triciptal and subescapular skinfold (TRI+SUB) and triciptal and calf (TRI+CAL), waist circumference (WC), and conicity index (CI). The total cholesterol (portable monitor Roche Diagnostics) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (auscultation method) were measured and were created CVD risk factors references. By the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve between CF and the OOAI, with the CVD risk factors references were identified the cut offs values that correspond to the best balance between sensibility and specificity. The sensibility and specificity of the cut offs available at literature ant those proposed by our study were calculated by contingency tables with the CVD risk factors references. Supplementary was utilized the binary logistic regression to identify how the individual that did not attend the cut offs had more probability to show CVD risk factors than those individuals that did. The results indicated that the CF cut off's available at literature do not show good balance between sensibility and specificity. The OOAI literature available CUT off's by other side, in general, showed acceptable balance between sensibility and specificity. The cut offs proposed at present study for CF and OOAI showed appropriated values to identify scholars with more probability to carry on CVD risk factors with best balance between sensibility and specificity than those showed by cut offs available at literature. These results get reinforced when the binary logistic regression results indicate that the probability of scholars that did not attend the cut offs proposed in the our study is greater than the probability of scholars that did not attend to literature available cut off's to carry on CVD risk factors in relation those scholars that attended the cut offs Among the OOAI the BMI and the TRI+SUB were those that showed the best capacity to identify scholars with greater probability to carry on CVD risk factors. However, the others OOAI, exception CI, show adequate capacity too. These results show that individuals with poor level of CF and great level of OOAI have more probability to carry on CVD risk factors than those individuals with appropriated levels. Besides, the cut offs proposed at our study showed to be more appropriated than those available in the literature to identify scholars with more probability to carry on CVD risk factors. Thus, we suggest the CF by 9 minutes run/walk test and OOAI measured studied, exception CI, and the evaluation by the cut offs proposed at the present study to the sorting of the scholars with more probability to carry on CVD risk factors.
42

Influência de diferentes tempos de exposição na detecção de cárie em um sistema digital wireless / Effect of different exposure times on caries detection using a wireless digital system

Melo, Daniela Pita de 17 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Paulo Sérgio Flores Campos / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T13:43:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Melo_DanielaPitade_D.pdf: 3502818 bytes, checksum: b21f46341d5b0efd39ab5d74543853fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: O objetivo, neste trabalho, foi verificar se diferentes tempos de exposição interferem no diagnóstico de cáries proximais e no valor médio do pixel da imagem do sistema Schick CDR Wireless. Foram obtidas imagens de 10 phantoms, constituídos de dentes humanos, e de uma escala de alumínio utilizando-se diferentes tempos de exposição. Os oito tempos de exposição estudados foram em ordem crescente: 0,06s, 0,1s, 0,13s, 0,16s, 0,2s, 0,25s, 0,3s e 0,35s. As imagens dos phantoms obtidas com os tempos selecionados foram interpretadas por quatro avaliadores quanto à presença de cárie proximal. Cada avaliador atribuiu um escore para cada uma das faces dentárias interpretadas. Esses escores foram posteriormente comparados aos cortes histológicos. Os tempos de exposição foram avaliados, quanto à sua acurácia no diagnóstico de cárie, por meio da curva ROC. As imagens obtidas da escala de Al em diferentes tempos de exposição tiveram o valor médio do pixel mensurado utilizando-se a ferramenta apropriada do software EMAGO®/Advanced. As médias das curvas ROC correspondentes aos tempos de exposição avaliados variaram de 0,53 a 0,62, sendo que a faixa de tempos que apresentou melhor resultado variou de 0,06s a 0,25s; destes, o tempo 0,25s obteve o melhor resultado. Quanto ao valor médio do pixel, foram observados dois comportamentos distintos nos tempos estudados, entretanto, o tempo de 0,20s apresentou valor médio do pixel nas duas fases comportamentais. O desempenho dos tempos de exposição entre 0,06s e 0,25s foi satisfatório no diagnóstico de cáries proximais, sendo o tempo 0,25s o mais indicado para essa finalidade / Abstract: The aim on this study was to evaluate the influence of different exposure times on proximal caries detection and on mean pixel values of the Schick CDR Wireless digital image. Ten human teeth phantoms and an aluminum scale were radiographed using different exposure times. The eight studied exposure times were: 0.06s, 0.1s, 0.13s, 0.16s, 0.2s, 0.25s, 0.3s and 0.35s.The images of them phantoms in different exposure times were evaluated by four observers for the presence of caries lesions. Each observer scored the proximal surfaces of each tooth. The scores were compared to the golden standard. The exposure times were evaluated on their accuracy of predicting caries by means of the ROC curve analysis. The images of the aluminum scale using different exposure times had their mean pixel values measured using the appropriate tool of the EMAGO®/Advanced software. The means of the ROC curves of each exposure time evaluated varied from 0.53 to 0.62, and the exposure time range between 0.06s to 0.25s presented better results, and the exposure time of 0.25s presented the highest Az from them. In regard to mean pixel values, two different behaviors were observed, and the exposure time of 0,20s presented mean pixels values in the two behavior phases. The behavior of the exposure times from 0.06s to 0.25s was satisfactory for proximal caries detection, and 0.25s is better indicated for this finality / Doutorado / Radiologia Odontologica / Doutor em Radiologia Odontológica
43

Avaliação do desempenho de duas escalas de classificação de risco familiar e sua aplicação na saúde bucal / Performance evaluation of two scales for the classification of familial risk and its application in oral health

Rocha, Vinício Felipe Brasil, 1984- 25 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Glaucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T23:47:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rocha_VinicioFelipeBrasil_M.pdf: 1366079 bytes, checksum: 78d22369b79b291f15e90292b8bcc455 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Escalas de risco familiar são empregadas com a finalidade de estratificar o grau de vulnerabilidade de famílias ao adoecimento e desta forma priorizar a atenção àquelas com maiores necessidades. Este estudo transversal analítico teve por objetivo avaliar o desempenho de dois instrumentos de classificação de risco familiar, utilizados na atenção primária à saúde, verificando o poder discriminante dos mesmos tendo como desfecho a necessidade de tratamento odontológico. A amostra probabilística foi constituída por 1112 adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos de 34 Unidades de Saúde da Família e 21 escolas públicas da cidade de Piracicaba-SP. Após aplicação da ficha A do Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica (SIAB), realizou-se a classificação de risco segundo a Escala de Coelho e Savassi (ECS) e a Escala Critério Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (EUFES). A variável de desfecho "necessidade de tratamento odontológico" foi mensurada por meio de exame clínico realizado por dentistas previamente treinados e calibrados utilizando os indicadores propostos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. Os dados foram analisados pela sensibilidade, especificidade e área sob a curva ROC. Evidenciou-se que a escala EUFES apresentou sensibilidade de 0,78 (IC95%: 0,75-0,82), especificidade de 0,35 (IC95%: 0,32-0,39), área sob a curva ROC (AUC) de 0,57 (IC95%: 0,54-0,61) e associação estatisticamente significantes (p<0,001) entre os diferentes níveis de risco (menor, médio, máximo) e a necessidade de tratamento odontológico. Já a ECS mostrou sensibilidade de 0,16 (IC95%: 0,13-0,20), especificidade de 0,90 (IC95%: 0,88-0,92), AUC de 0,53 (IC95%: 0,49-0,56) e relação estatisticamente significante somente para o menor e médio risco (p=0,01). Conclui-se assim que para identificação de pelo menos um indivíduo do núcleo familiar com necessidade de tratamento odontológico, a Escala EUFES demonstrou desempenho superior nos testes de associação e sensibilidade. Entretanto, considerando a área sob a curva ROC, verificou-se que os dois instrumentos possuem baixa capacidade de discriminação, indicando que novas escalas devem ser estudadas, a fim de se estabelecer um instrumento que melhor favoreça a organização da demanda programática dos serviços de saúde bucal / Abstract: Scales of familial risk are employed in order to stratify the degree of vulnerability of families to illness and thus prioritize attention to those most in need. This analytical cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the performance of two instruments familial risk classification used in primary health care, checking the discriminating power of the as end the need for dental treatment. A random sample of 1112 adolescents 15-19 years of 34 Family Health Units and 21 public schools in Piracicaba-SP. After applying Record A Information System for Primary Care (SIAB), held the risk classification according to the Scale of Coelho and Savassi (ECS) and the Scale Criterion University Federal of Espírito Santo (EUFES). The outcome variable "need for dental treatment" was assessed by clinical examination performed by previously trained and calibrated dentists using the indicators proposed by WHO. Data were analyzed for sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve. It was evident that the EUFES scale had a sensitivity of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.75 to 0.82), specificity 0.35 (95% CI: 0.32 to 0.39), area under the ROC curve AUC 0.57 (95% CI: 0.54 to 0.61) and statistically significant association (p<0.001) between the different risk levels (lower, middle, upper) and the need for dental treatment. Have ECS showed a sensitivity of 0.16 (95% CI: 0.13 to 0.20), specificity 0.90 (95% CI: 0.88 to 0.92), AUC of 0.53 (95% CI: 0 from 0.49 to 0.56) and statistically significant only for the lower and medium risk (p=0.01) relationship. It follows therefore that to identify at least one individual of the family unit in need of dental treatment Scale EUFES demonstrated superior performance in the association and sensitivity tests. However, considering the area under the ROC curve, it was found that the two instruments have low discrimination capacity, indicating that new scales should be studied in order to establish an instrument that best promotes the organization's programmatic demand for services health oral / Mestrado / Odontologia em Saude Coletiva / Mestre em Odontologia em Saúde Coletiva
44

Ability of Physiological Strain Index to Discriminate Between Sustainable and Unsustainable Heat Stress

Wilson, Dwayne 23 June 2017 (has links)
Introduction: Assessment of heat strain is an alternative approach to assessing heat stress exposures. Two common measures of heat strain are body core temperature (TC) and heart rate (HR). In this study TC was assessed by rectal temperature (Tre). Physiological Strain Index (PSI) was developed to combine both Tre and HR into one metric. Data collected from progressive heat stress trials were used to (1) demonstrate that PSI can distinguish between Sustainable and Unsustainable heat stress; (2) suggest values for PSI that demonstrate a sustainable level of heat stress; and (3) determine if clothing or metabolic rate were effect modifiers. Methods: Two previous progressive heat stress studies included 494 trials with 988 pairs of Sustainable and Unsustainable exposures over a range of relative humidity (rh), metabolic rates (M) and clothing using 29 participants. To assess the discrimination ability of PSI, conditional logistic regression and logistic regression were used. The accuracy of PSI was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic curves (ROC). Results: The present study found that primary (Tre, HR, and Tsk) and derived (PSI and ΔTre-sk) HSMs can accurately predict Unsustainable heat stress exposures based on AUCs that ranged from 0.73 to 0.86. Skin temperature had the highest AUC (0.86) with PSI in the mid-range (0.79). The values of the HSMs associated with a predicted probability of 0.25 were considered as screening values (PSI < 2.6, ΔTre-sk > 1.9 °C, Tre < 37.5, HR < 109, and Tsk < 35.8). The value of using any one of these individual indicators is that they act as a screening tool to decide if an exposure assessment is needed. Metabolic rate was found to be a confounder for all the HSMs except for RTsk. It was not statistically significant for HSMs derived models (PSI and ΔTre-sk). And its effect modification was not significant in any model. Conclusions: Based on the ROC curve, PSI can accurately predict Unsustainable heat stress exposures (AUC 0.79). HR alone has a similar capacity to distinguish Unsustainable exposures (AUC 0.78) under relatively constant exposure (metabolic rate and environment) for an hour or so. Screening limits with high sensitivity, however, have low thresholds. This limits the utility of these heat strain metrics. To the extent that the observed strain is low, there is good evidence that the exposure is Sustainable.
45

Predictors of financial crises-do we see the same pattern in Sweden?-do we see the same pattern in Sweden? / Indikatorer av finansiella kriser - Ser vi samma mönster i Sverige?

Hedin, Fredrik, Johansson, Jonathan January 2017 (has links)
This paper aims to find macroeconomic and financial variables with ability to predict financial crises. A dataset covering 17 developed countries over the period 1870-2013 have been investigated using a logit model. We found commonly used macroeconomic variables such as terms of trade and consumption to be strong predictors within our sample. Whereas private debt and house prices are frequently found to be strong predictors, we found loans to business to be at least as good in predicting financial crises. Multivariate models are constructed as warning systems and used to analyze Sweden from 1975 up until 2016. The most efficient warning system give a strong signal before the first and moderate signal before the second crisis. In extension, regarding today’s climate the warning system provides no signal, suggesting low current risk. Policy makers can benefit from observing certain variables that are found significant in this study to improve financial stability and reduce socio-economic costs.
46

Avaliação do desempenho de modelos preditivos no contexto de análise de sobrevivência / Evaluation of predictive models in survival analysis.

Tiago Mendonça dos Santos 17 May 2013 (has links)
Modelos estatísticos com objetivos preditivos são frequentemente aplicados como ferramentas no processo de tomadas de decisão em diversas áreas. Uma classe importante de modelos estatísticos é composta por modelos de análise de sobrevivência. Duas quantidades são de interesse nessa classe: o tempo até o instante do evento de interesse ou o status para um determinado instante de tempo fixado. Aplicações importantes desses modelos incluem a identificação de novos marcadores para certas doenças e definição de qual terapia será mais adequada de acordo com o paciente. Os marcadores utilizados podem ser dados por biomarcadores, assim como por marcadores baseados em modelos de regressão. Um exemplo de marcador baseado em modelos de regressão é dado pelo preditor linear. Ainda que a utilização de modelos de sobrevivência com objetivos preditivos seja de suma importância, a literatura nesse assunto é muito esparsa e não há consenso na forma de se avaliar o desempenho preditivo desses. Esse trabalho pretende reunir e comparar diferentes abordagens de se avaliar o desempenho preditivo de modelos de sobrevivência. Essa avaliação é feita principalmente utilizando-se funções de perda para o tempo de sobrevivência e quantidades associadas a diferentes definições de curva ROC para o status. Para a comparação dessas diferentes metodologias foi feito um estudo de simulação e no final aplicou-se essas técnicas em um conjunto de dados de um estudo do Instituto do Câncer de São Paulo. / In many fields, predictive models are often applied as a helpful tool in the decision making process. An important class of predictive models is composed by survival models. Two quantities of special interest in these class are: time until the occurrence of a specified event and survival status for a fixed moment of time. Important applications of these models include new markers identification for certain diseases, as well as defining which therapy is the most appropriated for a patient. Markers can be given by biomarkers, but they can also be derived from regression models. An example of regression models based markers is the linear predictor. Despite the importance of survival models applications with predictive goals, literature is this subject is very sparse and there is no agreement on the best methodology to evaluate predictive performance of these models. In this work we intend to assemble and to compare different methodologies for assessing the predictive performance of survival models. This assessment is made mainly with loss functions for the survival time and ROC curve associated quantities for status. An simulation study was done in order to compare these different methodologies, which were also applied to a study about survival of patients at ICU of ICESP (Instituto do Câncer de São Paulo)
47

"Estado nutricional de escolares de 7 a 10 anos de idade: diagnóstico e comparação de métodos" / Nutritional status of schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years: diagnbostic and comparison of methods

Claudia Regina Koga 30 August 2005 (has links)
Objetivo. O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional de escolares de 7 a 10 anos de idade, matriculados em duas escolas públicas município de São Paulo. Métodos. Foram utilizadas medidas de: peso, estatura, circunferência braquial, cintura, pregas cutâneas, bioimpedância elétrica (BIA), e medidas derivadas (área gordurosa do braço, % de gordura, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e índice estatura/idade. O estado nutricional foi avaliado segundo percentil do IMC utilizando como referência o CDC (2000). A mediana das variáveis antropométricas, IMC e da composição corporal foram comparadas aos valores da mediana de outras populações de referência. Para comparação de métodos, curvas tgROC, estratégia de Bland e Altman e coeficiente de correlação foram utilizadas. Resultados. A prevalência de desnutrição, risco de sobrepeso e sobrepeso foram de 4,5, 15,3% and 11%, respectivamente. Os valores da mediana das variáveis antropométricas e da composição corporal foram maiores, em grande parte, quando comparado aos valores medianos de outras populações de referência. Os valores do percentual de gordura estimado por dois diferentes métodos (BIA e pregas cutâneas) não foram semelhantes. As pregas cutâneas apresentaram melhor desempenho do que a BIA para classificar risco de sobrepeso e sobrepeso segundo IMC. Circunferência da cintura e area gordurosa do braço mostraram bom desempenho para identificar riscos de doenças cardiovasculares. Conclusões. Os métodos utilizados mostraram que os escolares apresentaram alta reserva de gordura, indicando a necessidade de ações de intervenções para melhoria da saúde dos escolares. / Objctive. To assess the nutrional status of schoolchildren from 7 to 10 years of age. Methods. Cross-sectional study in two public schools in the southeastern region of the city of Sao Paulo. Weight, height, arm and waist circunference (WC), skinfold thickness (triceps and calf), bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and derived indices and measurements ( upper arm and fat area (AFA), percentage of the bofy fat (% BF), body mass index (BMI) and height to age index were used. The nutritional status was assessed by BMI percentile using CDC 2000 curve. The data was presented in tables and graphics; comparisons were carried out by 95% confidence intervals, median values and Bland and Altman analysis. The performamces of measures of body composition to identify inadequate nutritional status and cut-off values were studied based on ROC and TGROC curves. Results. The foolowing prevalences were observed: underweight, 4.5%, risk of overweight, 15.3% and overweight 11.0%. The median of the anthropometric measurements and body composition were greater than in previous studies. The percentage of fat values depends on the method used for its estimation. Skinfold thickness presents better performance than BIA ti identify excess of weight when BMI was taken as a reference method. WC and AFA showed good performance to identify risk of cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions. Schoolchildren from 7 to 10 years of age present high levels of body fat reserve. These conditions indicate the need for health interventions.
48

A GIS-Based Landslide Susceptibility Evaluation Using Bivariate and Multivariate Statistical Analyses

Nandi, Arpita, Shakoor, A. 10 January 2010 (has links)
Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were used to predict the spatial distribution of landslides in the Cuyahoga River watershed, northeastern Ohio, U.S.A. The relationship between landslides and various instability factors contributing to their occurrence was evaluated using a Geographic Information System (GIS) based investigation. A landslide inventory map was prepared using landslide locations identified from aerial photographs, field checks, and existing literature. Instability factors such as slope angle, soil type, soil erodibility, soil liquidity index, landcover pattern, precipitation, and proximity to stream, responsible for the occurrence of landslides, were imported as raster data layers in ArcGIS, and ranked using a numerical scale corresponding to the physical conditions of the region. In order to investigate the role of each instability factor in controlling the spatial distribution of landslides, both bivariate and multivariate models were used to analyze the digital dataset. The logistic regression approach was used in the multivariate model analysis. Both models helped produce landslide susceptibility maps and the suitability of each model was evaluated by the area under the curve method, and by comparing the maps with the known landslide locations. The multivariate logistic regression model was found to be the better model in predicting landslide susceptibility of this area. The logistic regression model produced a landslide susceptibility map at a scale of 1:24,000 that classified susceptibility into four categories: low, moderate, high, and very high. The results also indicated that slope angle, proximity to stream, soil erodibility, and soil type were statistically significant in controlling the slope movement.
49

Detecting central-venous oxygen desaturation without a central-venous catheter: utility of the difference between invasively and non-invasively measured blood pressure / 観血的動脈圧と非観血的動脈圧の差を利用した中心静脈血酸素飽和度の推定

Kumasawa, Junji 23 September 2016 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(社会健康医学) / 甲第19969号 / 社医博第74号 / 新制||社医||9(附属図書館) / 33065 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科社会健康医学系専攻 / (主査)教授 小池 薫, 教授 福田 和彦, 教授 木村 剛 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Public Health / Kyoto University / DFAM
50

Mixture models for ROC curve and spatio-temporal clustering

Cheam, Amay SM January 2016 (has links)
Finite mixture models have had a profound impact on the history of statistics, contributing to modelling heterogeneous populations, generalizing distributional assumptions, and lately, presenting a convenient framework for classification and clustering. A novel approach, via Gaussian mixture distribution, is introduced for modelling receiver operating characteristic curves. The absence of a closed-form for a functional form leads to employing the Monte Carlo method. This approach performs excellently compared to the existing methods when applied to real data. In practice, the data are often non-normal, atypical, or skewed. It is apparent that non-Gaussian distributions be introduced in order to better fit these data. Two non-Gaussian mixtures, i.e., t distribution and skew t distribution, are proposed and applied to real data. A novel mixture is presented to cluster spatial and temporal data. The proposed model defines each mixture component as a mixture of autoregressive polynomial with logistic links. The new model performs significantly better compared to the most well known model-based clustering techniques when applied to real data. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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