Thesis (docteur ès sciences économiques et sociales)--Université de Genève, 1983. / Bibliography: p. 258-264.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:29:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ernani de Paula Contipelli.pdf: 1631386 bytes, checksum: 42081040f6276619cefa5f529e349e37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-09 / The proposal of this work is focused on the analysis of social solidarity value and its axiological developments at the framework of the tributary normative system, using as theoretical basis of the questions the Law‟s Tridimensional Theory by Miguel Reale. Initially, I intend to show the essential concepts for understanding the Law‟s Tridimensional Theory designed by Miguel Reale, which leads to the foundations of its ontology and axiology, that finds its nucleus on the value source of the human being in its historic and cultural perspective, as well as on the way of integration between the constitutive elements of legal experience. Once is structured the philosophic foundation of the thesis, it goes to analyze the social solidarity value on its historical contextualization, towards the recognition of the evolution of its meaning over time, to subsequently check its axiological content and its relationship with other values linked to the human person, taking into account the theoretical concepts of Miguel Reale. Besides, I will show social solidarity value as constant or invariant axiological determinant of the formula for ideological integration of the model of the Democratic State of Law described on the constitutional normative complex, that influences the validity of the legal enactment process, as well as the construction of significance of their models, acting in tax normative system, for correlate the duty of collaboration of the community member to pay tax with the right of require for the (or duty of) State of redistribute properly the received riches. Finally, the aim is to consider the axiological effects of the social solidarity directions in the structuring elements of the tax normative system, presenting your decisive penetration in the exercise of the tax powers expressed on the Federal Constitution, determining the necessary relation of reciprocity implication with the ideals reflected in the general principles of the tax law, especially, the contributive ability and the linking of the financial resources / A proposta deste trabalho encontra-se centrada no estudo do valor da solidariedade social e seus desdobramentos axiológicos no âmbito do sistema normativo tributário, utilizando como base teórica das indagações a Teoria Tridimensional do Direito desenvolvida por Miguel Reale. Assim, procura-se, inicialmente, apresentar os conceitos essenciais para compreensão da Teoria Tridimensional do Direito pensada por Miguel Reale, o que conduz aos fundamentos da sua ontologia e axiologia, que tem como núcleo o valor fonte da pessoa humana em sua perspectiva histórico-cultural, bem como ao modo de integração existente entre os elementos constituintes da experiência jurídica. Devidamente estruturado o alicerce filosófico da tese, parte-se para análise do valor da solidariedade social com sua contextualização histórica, visando ao reconhecimento da evolução de seu significado ao longo dos tempos, para, posteriormente, ser verificada a extensão de seu conteúdo axiológico e suas relações com os demais valores ligados à pessoa humana, se valendo das concepções teóricas realeanas. Em seguida, insere-se o valor da solidariedade social como constante ou invariante axiológica determinante da fórmula de integração ideológica do modelo de Estado Democrático de Direito descrita no complexo normativo constitucional, que influencia a validade do processo de produção de normas jurídicas, assim como da construção de significado dos respectivos modelos, atuando, inclusive, no sistema normativo tributário, para correlacionar o dever de colaboração do membro da comunidade de pagar tributos ao direito de exigir (ou dever) do Estado de redistribuir adequadamente as riquezas arrecadadas. Por fim, pretende-se considerar os efeitos axiológicos da solidariedade social sentidos nos elementos estruturantes do sistema normativo tributário, apresentando sua penetração decisiva no exercício das competências tributárias expressas na Constituição Federal, determinando a necessária relação de implicação reciprocidade com seus ideais refletidos nos princípios gerais de direito tributário, especialmente, a capacidade contributiva e a afetação dos recursos financeiros arrecadados

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:31:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigo Maiolini Rebello Pinho.pdf: 2392470 bytes, checksum: b261b196e26a6867ed93c0113e5593a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-20 / The objective of this dissertation is to understand the development of the ideas and beliefs of Miguel Reale (1910-2006) from the early 1930s to the late 1960s. Important events in Brazil s history took place in these forty years, in which Reale played a key role as both politician and intellectual. We present his political-ideological trajectory during these decades, which involved his participation in the Brazilian Integralist Action (AIB) party; the Vargas administration; the Progressive Social Party (PSP); and his contribution to the coup d état of 1964. We also examine his notions of history and state in his Integralist and post-Integralist phases. Last of all, we examine how in his pre-1964 writings Reale misrepresents class conflicts by referring to them as social chaos, and how after the coup he calls for revolutionary institutionalization, with the legitimization of political repression and wage cuts. This is, in short, an immanent critique of his writing, in J. Chasin s terms, in an attempt to understand the internal connections that inform his ideological output as a whole / O objetivo desta dissertação é compreender o desenvolvimento do ideário de Miguel Reale (1910-2006) entre o início da década de 1930 e final da década de 1960. Esses quarenta anos englobam momentos importantes da história brasileira, nos quais Reale exerceu papel destacado tanto como político quanto como intelectual. Apresentamos, nesses marcos, o seu itinerário político-ideológico, que envolveu a participação na Ação Integralista Brasileira, no Governo Vargas, no Partido Social Progressista e a contribuição para o golpe de Estado de 1964. Efetuamos, também, a exegese de sua concepção de história e de Estado, tendo como limite divisório seus momentos integralista e pós-integralista. Por fim, examinamos como Reale desnatura os conflitos de classes do pré-1964 ao qualificá-los como caos social e, vitorioso o golpe, como defende uma institucionalização revolucionária pautada pela legitimação da repressão política e do arrocho salarial. Trata-se, em síntese, da investigação de seus escritos por meio da análise imanente, nos termos de J. Chasin, buscando compreender as conexões internas que conformam a inteireza de sua produção ideológica

Il presente lavoro si propone di indagare lo sviluppo di alcuni concetti chiave dell’insegnamento di Jacques Lacan. In particolare, si è messa alla prova la legge del significante, l’azione del linguaggio nella dinamica di soggettivazione messa in campo dallo psicoanalista francese. L’irruzione della nozione di godimento (jouissance) nel registro del simbolico obbliga a ripensare il rapporto fra l’orizzonte dell’Altro e quello dell’Uno, il rapporto fra simbolico e reale, nella costituzione del soggetto. L’ipotesi che muove questa ricerca è che per tentare di rintracciare la piega del reale nell’insegnamento lacaniano sia necessario lasciarsi guidare dal pensiero di due grandi filosofi del Novecento: Gilles Deleuze e Jacques Derrida. È nel rapporto fra questi tre pensatori francesi che si è potuta rilanciare la partita della soggettività come nucleo inaggirabile che unisce filosofia e psicoanalisi. / The dissertation investigates the development the most important contributions of Jacques Lacan to the field of philosophy and psychoanalysis. In particular, it focuses on the law of the signifier, namely, the role that language plays in the formation of the subject. The work also explores how Lacan’s insistence on the relationship between jouissance and the symbolic realm has an impact on the way he thinks about the formation of the subject and about the relationship between the Other, the symbolic, and the real. In order to understand real’s role in Lacan’s thought, the dissertation argues, it is necessary to consider the work of two important philosophers, Gilles Deleuze and Jacques Derrida, as they both show that subjectivity constitutes the unavoidable nexus between philosophy and psychoanalysis.

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The impact of driving cycle on exhaust emissions of buses in Hanoi was presented in this article. A typical driving cycle of buses in Hanoi was developed based on the real-world driving data, and it also was assessed that has a good conformity with the real-world driving data. The typical driving cycle and European Transient Cycle part 1 (ETC-part1) were used to estimate vehicle emission according to different driving cycles. The obtained results showed that emissions level of CO, VOC, PM, CO2 and NOx of the buses were very different between two driving cycles, especially CO2 and NOx. This paper, therefore, reconfirms the necessity of the development of the typical driving cycle before conducting the emission inventory for mobile sources. / Tóm tắt: Tác động của chu trình lái tới sự phát thải của xe buýt tại Hà Nội đã được trình bày trong bài báo này. Một chu trình lái đặc trưng của xe buýt Hà Nội đã được xây dựng dựa trên dữ liệu hoạt động ngoài thực tế của phương tiện, và chu trình lái này cũng đã được đánh giá có sự phù hợp rất cao với dữ liệu lái ngoài thực tế. Chu trình lái đặc trưng và chu trình thử ETC-part1 được sử dụng để đánh giá phát thải của phương tiện theo các chu trình lái khác nhau. Các kết quả đạt được cho thấy mức độ phát thải CO, VOC, PM, CO2 và NOx của xe buýt rất khác nhau giữa hai chu trình lái, đặc biệt là CO2 và NOx. Do đó, bài báo khẳng định sự cần thiết phải xây dựng chu trình lái đặc trưng trước khi thực hiện kiểm kê phát thải đối với nguồn động.

The main focus of this study concerns the contribution of focalisation to the creation of fictional worlds through the combination of the “building blocks” of a fictional world, namely the central focalising and focalised character(s), focalised social contexts, events and spaces, in Hermann Hesse’s Demian (1919), Narziß und Goldmund (1930), E.L. Doctorow’s Welcome to Hard Times (1960) and Homer & Langley (2009). The relationship between the focalisers and their social contexts influence their human, subjective perspectives and represented perceptions of their textual actual worlds. Focalisation is constructive in the synergistic relationship between the “building blocks” that leads to the creation of fictional worlds. Chapter 2 discusses the theoretical basis of the thesis which is formed by the concepts of M. Ryan, L. Doležel, R. Ronen and T.G. Pavel with regard to possible worlds and fictional worlds. G. Genette’s and M. Bal’s theories provide the foundation of this study with regard to this concept as regards focalisation. Chapter 3 contextualises focalisation and fictional worlds as possible worlds in Hesse’s and Doctorow’s fiction and as such constitutes part of a twofold basis for the following analyses and comparisons. Four textual analyses of the individual novels by Hesse and Doctorow then follow. In the textual analysis of Demian the notions of M. Bal, M. Ryan and A. Nünning provide a theoretical basis that is specifically relevant for the argument that through his consciousness the individual, Emil Sinclair, creates the fictional world, i.e. by “transforming” textual actual world components into individualised fictional world ones. The views of Viktor Frankl, feminist activists against prostitution such as M. Farley, M.A. Baldwin and C.A. MacKinnon as well as the views of Talcott Parsons (in conjunction with those of G.M. Platt and N.J. Smelser) offer a theoretical underpinning for the analysis of the social context as the product of the mindset in the community in Doctorow’s Welcome to Hard Times and the mindset of the focaliser, Blue, that concurs with the mindset of the community. Focalised events are considered as psychologically credible and as contributing to the fictional world in Hesse’s Narziß und Goldmund. In this textual analysis the theoretical points of departure were based on theories proposed by D. Cohn, M. Ryan and S. Chatman. Concepts advanced by J. Lothe, J. Lotman, H. Lefebvre, L. Doležel, N. Wolterstorff and D. Coste comprise the theoretical basis of the analysis of social spaces in Doctorow’s Homer & Langley. Chapter 8 consists of comparative analyses of the said focalised “building blocks” of Hesse’s and Doctorow’s novels. The analyses and comparisons argue that focalising characters “filter” their actual worlds and “transform” them through their individualistic and subjective representations, as actual people do. Even if characters are “non-actual individuals” their mindsets or physical, social and mental properties (Margolin, 1989:4) are like those of actual people, i.e. “psychologically credible”. Ryan (1991:45) identifies “psychological credibility” or “a plausible portrayal of human psychology” as an “accessibility relation”, i.e. one that allows the mental properties of a fictional character to be accessible from and possible for the actual world. The interaction between a focalising character and his social context that affects his consciousness and focalisation is comparable to the interaction between a hypothetical actual person and his social world, that would also influence his mindset and how he communicates about the actual world. Perspectives of characters such as Sinclair, Blue, Goldmund and Homer Collyer are recognisable to hypothetical actual world readers as psychologically credible. In the light of Bal’s (1990:9) argument that the whole text content is related to the (focalising) character(s), one could say that the elements of a textual actual world become, as it were, focalised “building blocks” of the fictional world. The central finding is that focalisation contributes to the creation of fictional worlds. The relationship between a fictional world and the actual one becomes apparent in literary texts through focalisation that transforms the textual actual world and its elements, i.e. the central (self-focalising) character, the social context, events and space(s), through a focaliser’s consciousness. The focaliser’s consciousness in Hesse’s and Doctorow’s fiction is marked by psychological credibility. A fictional world is comparable to the actual world with regard to other accessibility relations that Ryan (cf. 1991:31-47) identifies, but focalisation specifically allows a fictional world to become possible in actual world terms by creating credibility of this kind. A fictional world is plausible not in mimetic terms, as a factual text presents itself to be, but in possible terms, i.e. through the comparability of human psychology in fictional worlds and the actual world. Focalisation significantly contributes to the creation of a fictional world through the interaction between psychologically credible subjectivity and the imaginary level of the text on which the textual actual world obtains human value through focalisation. A fictional world is, in this sense, a possible world and, in fact, comes about through being a possible world. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Applied Language and Literary Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

The main focus of this study concerns the contribution of focalisation to the creation of fictional worlds through the combination of the “building blocks” of a fictional world, namely the central focalising and focalised character(s), focalised social contexts, events and spaces, in Hermann Hesse’s Demian (1919), Narziß und Goldmund (1930), E.L. Doctorow’s Welcome to Hard Times (1960) and Homer & Langley (2009). The relationship between the focalisers and their social contexts influence their human, subjective perspectives and represented perceptions of their textual actual worlds. Focalisation is constructive in the synergistic relationship between the “building blocks” that leads to the creation of fictional worlds. Chapter 2 discusses the theoretical basis of the thesis which is formed by the concepts of M. Ryan, L. Doležel, R. Ronen and T.G. Pavel with regard to possible worlds and fictional worlds. G. Genette’s and M. Bal’s theories provide the foundation of this study with regard to this concept as regards focalisation. Chapter 3 contextualises focalisation and fictional worlds as possible worlds in Hesse’s and Doctorow’s fiction and as such constitutes part of a twofold basis for the following analyses and comparisons. Four textual analyses of the individual novels by Hesse and Doctorow then follow. In the textual analysis of Demian the notions of M. Bal, M. Ryan and A. Nünning provide a theoretical basis that is specifically relevant for the argument that through his consciousness the individual, Emil Sinclair, creates the fictional world, i.e. by “transforming” textual actual world components into individualised fictional world ones. The views of Viktor Frankl, feminist activists against prostitution such as M. Farley, M.A. Baldwin and C.A. MacKinnon as well as the views of Talcott Parsons (in conjunction with those of G.M. Platt and N.J. Smelser) offer a theoretical underpinning for the analysis of the social context as the product of the mindset in the community in Doctorow’s Welcome to Hard Times and the mindset of the focaliser, Blue, that concurs with the mindset of the community. Focalised events are considered as psychologically credible and as contributing to the fictional world in Hesse’s Narziß und Goldmund. In this textual analysis the theoretical points of departure were based on theories proposed by D. Cohn, M. Ryan and S. Chatman. Concepts advanced by J. Lothe, J. Lotman, H. Lefebvre, L. Doležel, N. Wolterstorff and D. Coste comprise the theoretical basis of the analysis of social spaces in Doctorow’s Homer & Langley. Chapter 8 consists of comparative analyses of the said focalised “building blocks” of Hesse’s and Doctorow’s novels. The analyses and comparisons argue that focalising characters “filter” their actual worlds and “transform” them through their individualistic and subjective representations, as actual people do. Even if characters are “non-actual individuals” their mindsets or physical, social and mental properties (Margolin, 1989:4) are like those of actual people, i.e. “psychologically credible”. Ryan (1991:45) identifies “psychological credibility” or “a plausible portrayal of human psychology” as an “accessibility relation”, i.e. one that allows the mental properties of a fictional character to be accessible from and possible for the actual world. The interaction between a focalising character and his social context that affects his consciousness and focalisation is comparable to the interaction between a hypothetical actual person and his social world, that would also influence his mindset and how he communicates about the actual world. Perspectives of characters such as Sinclair, Blue, Goldmund and Homer Collyer are recognisable to hypothetical actual world readers as psychologically credible. In the light of Bal’s (1990:9) argument that the whole text content is related to the (focalising) character(s), one could say that the elements of a textual actual world become, as it were, focalised “building blocks” of the fictional world. The central finding is that focalisation contributes to the creation of fictional worlds. The relationship between a fictional world and the actual one becomes apparent in literary texts through focalisation that transforms the textual actual world and its elements, i.e. the central (self-focalising) character, the social context, events and space(s), through a focaliser’s consciousness. The focaliser’s consciousness in Hesse’s and Doctorow’s fiction is marked by psychological credibility. A fictional world is comparable to the actual world with regard to other accessibility relations that Ryan (cf. 1991:31-47) identifies, but focalisation specifically allows a fictional world to become possible in actual world terms by creating credibility of this kind. A fictional world is plausible not in mimetic terms, as a factual text presents itself to be, but in possible terms, i.e. through the comparability of human psychology in fictional worlds and the actual world. Focalisation significantly contributes to the creation of a fictional world through the interaction between psychologically credible subjectivity and the imaginary level of the text on which the textual actual world obtains human value through focalisation. A fictional world is, in this sense, a possible world and, in fact, comes about through being a possible world. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Applied Language and Literary Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Wie sollten Zentralbanken Geldpolitik gestalten und der Öffentlichkeit kommunizieren, um die Ökonomie bestmöglich zu stabilisieren? Diese Dissertation, bestehend aus drei selbständigen Essays in dynamischer Makroökonomik, widmet sich in erster Linie dem normativen Aspekt von Geldpolitik. Das Hauptresultat im ersten Essay ist, dass bei idiosynkratischen Risiko die öffentliche Bekanntgabe von Informationen zu aggregierten Risiko einen negativen Effekt auf die soziale Wohlfahrt haben kann: durch die Veröffentlichung von Informationen zu nicht-versicherbaren aggregierten Risiko werden die Versicherungsanreize der Individuen verzerrt und damit das individuelle Konsumrisiko erhöht. Als eine Anwendung, analysieren wir die Situation einer Zentralbank, die die Möglichkeit hat, Veränderungen in ihren Inflationszielen anzukündigen und dokumentieren, das der negative Effekt der verzerrten Versicherungsanreize konventionelle positive Aspekte der Ankündigung überwiegt. In zweiten Essay untersuchen wir optimale Geldpolitik in Falle von nominalen Rigiditäten und einer Transaktionsfriktion. In einem Standardmodell, Money-in-the-Utility function, zeigen wir, dass das langfristige Optimum durch die Friedmansche Regel gegeben ist. Daraus folgt für die kurze Frist, dass das Primat von Geldpolitik auf die Stabilisierung der Zinsen und nicht auf Inflationsstabilisierung ausgelegt sein sollte. Im dritten Essay untersuche ich, ob die Existenz und die Terminierung von Realkasseneffekten eine wichtige Rolle für die Determiniertheit des allgemeinen Preisniveaus spielen. Als wichtigstes neues Resultat zeige ich, dass auch bei Zinspolitik ein eindeutiges Preisniveau bestimmt werden kann, wenn die Geldmenge zu Beginn der Periode in Transaktionen verwendet wird. Unter diesen Umständen, hat prädeterminiertes reales Geld die Funktion einer Zustandsvariable und die Zinspolitik sollte passiv sein, um eindeutige, stabile und nicht-oszillierende Gleichgewichtssequenzen zu erreichen. / How should central banks conduct and communicate their policies to serve the goal of stabilizing the macroeconomy? This thesis -- consisting of three self-contained essays on dynamic macroeconomics -- is mainly intended as a progress report on exploring the normative aspect of monetary policy. The main result of the first essay is, that in the presence of idiosyncratic risk, the public revelation of information about uncertain aggregate outcomes can be detrimental. By announcing informative signals on non-insurable aggregate risk, the policy maker distorts agents'' insurance incentives and increases the riskiness of the optimal allocation that is feasible in self-enforceable arrangements. We consider a monetary authority that may reveal changes in the inflation target, and document that the negative effect of distorted insurance incentives can very well dominate conventional effects in favor for the release of better information. In the second essay, we study optimal monetary policy with the nominal interest rate as the single policy instrument. Firms set prices in a staggered way without indexation and real money balances contribute separately to households'' utility. The optimal deterministic steady state under commitment is the Friedman rule for a broad range of parameters. Optimal monetary policy in the short run is then characterized by stabilization of the nominal interest rate instead of inflation stabilization as the predominant principle. In the third essay, I examine whether the existence and the timing of real balance effects contribute to the determination of the absolute price level. As the main novel result, I show that there exists a unique price level sequence that is consistent with an equilibrium under interest rate policy, if beginning-of-period money yields transaction services. Predetermined real money balances can then serve as a state variable, implying that interest rate setting should be passive -- a violation of the Taylor-principle.

Prolonged-release (PR) fampridine is the only approved medication to improve walking in multiple sclerosis (MS), having been shown to produce a clinically meaningful improvement in walking ability in the subset of MS patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale 4–7. Recent responder subgroup analyses in the phase III ENHANCE study show a large effect size in terms of an increase of 20.58 points on the patient-reported 12-item MS Walking Scale in the 43% of patients classified as responders to PR-fampridine, corresponding to a standardized response mean of 1.68. Use of PR-fampridine in clinical practice varies across Europe, depending partly on whether it is reimbursed. A group of European MS experts met in June 2017 to discuss their experience with using PR-fampridine, including their views on the patient population for treatment, assessment of treatment response, re-testing and retreatment, and stopping criteria. This article summarizes the experts’ opinions on how PRfampridine can be used in real-world clinical practice to optimize the benefits to people with MS with impaired walking ability.