Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T21:42:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jorge Jubilato.pdf: 1474171 bytes, checksum: d672794a169a650e613054b9ae1d8640 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-22 / This research is to understand the impact of the organizational memory in organizations which have a high index of employee turnover. With a economy based on knowledge, a new worker appears, called for Peter Drucker (1993) as "worker of knowledge". In this new economy, the organizations face uncertainties and intense competition environments, where the new intangible assets, the knowledge, become the key to obtain competitive advantage, making them able to gain new market share and increasing its profitability. However, in these competitive environments, the evasion of employees is becoming more frequent, even because they are searching for better placements, or because the organizations pass thrue reengeneering processes, that could impact in employee reduction, or because they have obsolete knowledge. Beyond the exposed, thrue exploratory survey in retail organizations, were investigated different ways to store employee knowledge even if he leaves the company, retaining the knowledge and identifying the main impacts in processes quality and productivity. In this survey we will also present some actions to organizations contribuite to increase employee satisfaction and create the proud of belonging. The main goal of this actions is to retain employees and their knowledge, the most valueble organization patrimony.(AU) / Este estudo visa pesquisar e compreender o impacto da memória organizacional em organizações que possuem um alto índice de rotatividade de pessoal. Com o advento de uma economia baseada em conhecimento, surge um novo trabalhador, chamado por Peter Drucker (1993) e "trabalhador do conhecimento". Nesta nova economia, as organizações enfrentam ambientes de incertezas e de intensa competição, onde o novo ativo intangível das organizações, o conhecimento, se torna a chave para a obtenção da vantagem competitiva, que permite que as empresas ganhem novos mercados e aumentem sua lucratividade. Porém, nestes ambientes competitivos, está se tornando freqüente a saída dos empregados das organizações, seja porque estão em busca de melhores colocações, ou porque as organizações passam por processos de reestruturação, que podem impactar em redução de pessoal, ou ainda, porque estão com seus conhecimentos obsoletos. Diante deste cenário, através de pesquisa exploratória junto às organizações do comércio varejista, foram investigadas as formas pelas quais as empresas armazenam o conhecimento das pessoas, de modo que quando estas deixem a organização seus conhecimentos permaneçam, bem como identificado os principais impactos sobre a qualidade e produtividade em seus processos. Além disso, também são ressaltadas algumas ações em que as empresas possam contribuir para aumentar a satisfação das pessoas em pertencerem a organização, visando contribuir para a maior retenção de profissionais, e conseqüentemente do conhecimento tácito, que é o mais valioso nas organizações.(AU)

abstract: Mobile healthy food retailers are a novel alleviation technique to address disparities in access to urban produce stores in food desert communities. Such retailers, which tend to exclusively stock produce items, have become significantly more popular in the past decade, but many are unable to achieve economic sustainability. Therefore, when local and federal grants and scholarships are no longer available for a mobile food retailer, they must stop operating which poses serious health risks to consumers who rely on their services. To address these issues, a framework was established in this dissertation to aid mobile food retailers with reaching economic sustainability by addressing two key operational decisions. The first decision was the stocked product mix of the mobile retailer. In this problem, it was assumed that mobile retailers want to balance the health, consumer cost, and retailer profitability of their product mix. The second investigated decision was the scheduling and routing plan of the mobile retailer. In this problem, it was assumed that mobile retailers operate similarly to traditional distribution vehicles with the exception that their customers are willing to travel between service locations so long as they are in close proximity. For each of these problems, multiple formulations were developed which address many of the nuances for most existing mobile food retailers. For each problem, a combination of exact and heuristic solution procedures were developed with many utilizing software independent methodologies as it was assumed that mobile retailers would not have access to advanced computational software. Extensive computational tests were performed on these algorithm with the findings demonstrating the advantages of the developed procedures over other algorithms and commercial software. The applicability of these techniques to mobile food retailers was demonstrated through a case study on a local Phoenix, AZ mobile retailer. Both the product mix and routing of the retailer were evaluated using the developed tools under a variety of conditions and assumptions. The results from this study clearly demonstrate that improved decision making can result in improved profits and longitudinal sustainability for the Phoenix mobile food retailer and similar entities. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Industrial Engineering 2016

Private label products encompass all merchandise sold under a retailer{\crq}s brand. That brand can be the retailer{\crq}s own name or a name created exclusively by that retailer. In some cases, a retailer may belong to a wholesale group that owns the brands that are available to only the members of the group. For the consumer, private label represents the opportunity to purchase quality food and non-food products at savings compared to manufacturer brands. Private label items consist of the same or even better ingredients than the manufacturer brands, and because the retailer{\crq}s name or symbol is on the package, the consumer is assured that the product meets the retailer{\crq}s quality standards. Private labels can be divided in three categories: economic, standard and exclusive. Manufacturers of private labels can be divided also in three categories: Large manufacturers who produce both their own brands and private label products; small and medium size manufacturers that specialise in particular products lines and concentrate on producing private label almost exclusively; and retailers and wholesalers that operate their own manufacturing plants and provide private label products from their own stores. The most developed private label region is in Europe. The countries with the highest private labels shares are Switzerland, Great Britain, Belgium, Germany and Spain. The Czech Republic is one of the fastest growing private label regions in Europe. The private label share has increased by 20 % since 2005.

This study provides an examination of the link between psychic distance and consumers’ behavior towards purchasing from foreign online retailers. A self-administered online survey, with an observation unit of 123 respondents is provided for data collection. The findings from the data imply that psychic distance is valid from a level of high uncertainty. The level of uncertainty decreases as customers gain knowledge externally, access of relevant knowledge builds trust for the customer with the foreign online retailer.

E-handel kan anses utgöra det senaste tillskottet på detaljhandelsmarknaden, något som har möjliggjorts tack vare en ökad digitalisering i samhället. E-handelns marknadsandelar ökar stadigt varje år vilket är något som förutspås fortsätta i framtiden. Konsekvensen av det pågående skiftet inom detaljhandeln är förändrade konsumentbeteenden och vanor vilket inverkar på detaljhandeln och de affärsmodeller som är aktuella på marknaden. Fastighetsägare, likt handlare, måste anpassa sig efter trenderna på marknaden för att bibehålla attraktiviteten i deras butikslokaler. Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera en pågående förändring på detaljhandelsmarknaden samt hur den växande e-handeln påverkar fastighetsägares butikslokaler. Inom ramen för det studeras utvecklingen, hur fastighetsbranschen resonerar kring e-handelns intåg på marknaden samt vilka strategier fastighetsägare har för att bemöta en föränderlig marknad. Slutsatserna som kan konstateras är flera men svaret på den övergripande frågeställningen är att e-handeln ur ett långsiktigt perspektiv utgör en möjlighet för, snarare än ett hot mot, den fysiska handeln. Troligen kommer en del av butiksytorna utnyttjas i nya användningsområden eftersom den totala ytan som efterfrågas av handlare krymper. Sammanfattningsvis kommer butiker alltid att finnas men det är osäkert i vilken form och till vilken utsträckning. / E-commerce can be considered the latest addition to the retail market, which has been made possible by an increased digitalization in the society. The market share of e-commerce is steadily increasing every year, which is expected to continue in the future. The consequence of the ongoing shift in the retail market is changing consumer behavior and habits, which affects the retail market and business models that currently exist on the market. Property owners, as well as retailers, have to adapt to the trends on the market to maintain the attractiveness of their retail space. The purpose of the bachelor thesis is to study an ongoing change in the retail market as well as how the growing e-commerce affects the property owners' store premises. Within this framework, the development is studied, how the real estate industry reason about e-commerce's entry into the market, and what strategies property owners have to respond to a changing market. The conclusions that can be ascertained are several, but the answer to the overall question formulation is that e-commerce, from a long-term perspective, is an opportunity for, rather than a threat to, physical stores. Most of the retail space will probably be utilized in new areas of use as the total area demanded by retailers will shrink. In summary, stores will always exist, but it is uncertain in what form and to what extent.

The purpose of this study was basically fivefold: 1) to examine the historical development and significance of the retail mix as a retail management concept; 2) to identify the nature and structure of the independent variables which make up a retail management mix; 3) to distinguish the nature and significance of each variable within the structure of the retail management mix; 4) to propose and develop an interrelated set of propositions in the form of a retail management mix for retail grocery establishments belonging to a retailer-cooperative in the state of Texas; and 5) to relate the retail management mix theory to dependent variables gross profit margin, net profit margin, gross profit return on inventory, and net profit return on inventory. The major thrust of this study was to propose and research a retail management mix theory for retail grocery establishments belonging to a retailer-cooperative in the state of Texas.

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to examine which experiential dimensions that are perceived as important for customers and how these dimensions are delivered by Swedish beauty and makeup retailers. The focus is to examine how their physical in-store environments succeeds with delivering extraordinary customer experiences. The thesis is conducted through a deductive approach and a quantitative research method have been implemented. Further on, the software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) have been used to process the data collected from an online questionnaire. The empirical findings were then calculated into six variables that were analyses and discussed in relation to existing theories to strengthen and improve the research of customer experience. The thesis found that experiential dimensions of interaction, emotion, differentiation and in-store technologies are considered as important by customers within the age of 18-30, when creating extraordinary customer experiences in the context of beauty and makeup in-store environments. Moreover, the collected data prove that Swedish Beauty and makeup stores fails to deliver these four dimensions in the extent to create extraordinary customer experiences. Customers of today want new and interesting in-store environments, which means that retailers need to permanently elaborate their environments with unique design element within these dimensions to deliver memorable customer experiences. The result from this thesis can be used by beauty and makeup retailers and other industries to increase their delivery of extraordinary customer experience.

E-commerce is today a very attractive market with growth prospects and opportunities for new companies to establish themselves and start operations. Since the establishment of Internet and the evolution of how Internet is used today, there has been an increasing possibility for consumer’s to buy products online. The more expanding E-commerce business today makes companies and entrepenuers eager to establish markets online. There is though a opportunity with the expanding of E-commerce today and that is for companies to investigate how consumer’s values the risks of shopping online. This opportunity is something that companies should take in care before starting an E-commerce market. This study aims to identify consumers' perceived risk in purchasing decisions in relation to E-commerce. The study is intended to give a broader perspective to be helpful for companies who are in business with e-commerce or supposed to conduct and begin sales activities through Ecommerce. This will be achieved by showing which factors consumers find to be most affecting to their uncertainty and risk when buying online. The survey methodology used in this study was a quantitative method where we deduced hypotheses to ensure on previous research and theories that the results of our investigation was consistent with what we concuded in our study. To come up with the answers we received, we used questionnaires in which respondents were asked to answer on a seven-point scale how they felt the risk of shopping online today. The results of this study shows us that consumer’s perceived risk will grow if the purchase is of an high engagement product, we can also conclude that there will be a decline in perceived risk if the websites have good design, user friendly navigation, clear information about consumer’s warranty and right of return.

Under de senaste fem åren har e-handlare börjat att outsourca sina lager och sin logistik till tredjepartslogistiker. E-handlarna vill kunna skräddarsy en lager och logistiklösning som uppfyller verksamhetens krav tillsammans med bolag som är experter på lager och logistik. Uppgiften är däremot komplicerad på grund av att e-handlare inte alltid vet vilken lösning som är bäst för deras verksamhet och har svårt att specificera vad som är deras behov. Dessutom har e-handlare ofta svårt att lära sig om tredjepartslogistikers roll i verksamheten och dra maximal nytta av samarbetet när tredjepartslogistiker väl har tagit över. E-handlares önskan om skräddarsydda lösningar ställer dock stora krav på tredjepartslogistiker på grund av att de måste anpassa sina verksamheter till många unika kunder, vilket kräver mycket kunskap och resurser. Uppgiften kompliceras ytterligare på grund av att tredjepartslogistiker, som är vana vid industrikunder, är osäkra på vad e-handelsföretag egentligen värdesätter och hur de skall arbeta värdeskapande från den initiala kontakten tills dess att någon part väljer att avsluta samarbetet. I dagsläget ställs det således stora krav på tredjepartslogistiker som arbetar mot e-handlare och författarna har därför valt att undersöka processen. Mer specifikt handlar examensarbetets syfte om att besvara med vilka aktiviteter som tredjepartslogistiker kan öka e-handelsföretagens upplevda värde, i försäljningsprocessens olika faser.   För att besvara syftet används först och främst teori kring värde, värdeskapande och försäljningsprocesser, vilket ligger till grund för en analysmodell och examensarbetets huvudstudie. Genom att konstruera en workshop där e-handlare får placera ut kort som representerar fördelar i en försäljningsprocess med fem faser, får författarna underlag för att kunna sluta sig till vilka fördelar e-handlare anser vara värdeskapande i de olika faserna. Varje fas analyseras sedan var för sig för att matcha fördelarna till aktiviteter hämtade från teorin om försäljningsprocesser. Genom att justera aktiviteterna med hänsyn till underlaget från huvudstudien resulterar varje analys i aktiviteter som en tredjepartslogistiker kan utföra för att öka e-handelskundernas upplevda värde. Analyserna har resulterat i ett ramverk av aktiviteter som strukturerar upp hur tredjepartslogistiker bör fokusera sina resurser och strukturera sina aktiviteter i försäljningsprocessens faser. Tillsammans med författarnas rekommendationer ger ramverket en struktur för hur tredjepartslogistiker bör arbeta om de vill öka e-handelskunders upplevda värde. / During the past five year online retailers have started to outsource their warehouse and logistics to third-party logistic providers. Online retailers’ reason for outsourcing are the possibility to develop a tailored solution, with regards to their businesses’ needs, as well as doing it together with a partner whom is an expert on warehouse management and logistics. However, outsourcing is a problematic and major decision for online retailers to make. Especially since they do not necessarily know how to specify their needs and select the best possible solution for their businesses. Additionally, online retailers find it challenging to incorporate third-party logistic providers and use their abilities and expertise optimally. Online retailers’ demand for tailored solutions stresses third-party logistic providers’ operations since they have to adapt their offering to multiple customers, which requires flexibility, resources, and knowledge. In addition, third-party logistic providers are accustomed to traditional industries. Therefore, they lack understanding of online retailers’ preferences and does not know how to create value in the process from an initial contact to an ongoing relationship.   In summary, there are huge demands on third-party logistic providers that have chosen to focus on online retailers. Therefore, the authors of this thesis have decided to investigate the process. More specifically the purpose of this thesis is to investigate by which activities third-party logistic providers can effectively increase online retailers perceived value in the sales process’ phases.   In order to achieve the purpose of this thesis the authors have applied theory of value, value-creation, and sales processes to design a model of analysis and develop the main study. With respect to the model of analysis a workshop was used, where online retailers got to place cards (representing benefits) in a sales process with five phases (representing the relation between online retailers and third-party logistic providers) to give the authors a basis for analysis. The online retailers had to select if they perceived a benefit to be of importance during different phases. Thereafter, each phase was analysed to pair benefits with activities that was found in theory about sales processes. By adjusting each activity with respect to data from the main study, each analysis resulted in activities that can be performed by third-party logistic providers in order to increase online retailers perceived value. Conclusions from the assays were then used to build a framework, structuring how third-party logistic providers should focus its resources and organize its activities in the phases of the sales process. Along with the authors’ recommendations the framework provides a structure for third-party logistics providers to be used in order to increase online retailers perceived value.

Medidas adotadas com o objetivo de resolver problemas e desafios relacionados ao transporte urbano de carga, podem não ter o efeito esperado, uma vez que não levam em conta toda a complexidade envolvida nos espaços urbanos. O processo de urbanização, em especial os aspectos diversos que advém da diferença entre os tamanhos das cidades, afetam significativamente o Transporte Urbano de Carga (TUC). Nesse sentido se faz necessária a abordagem do transporte de mercadorias nas cidades à luz do contexto urbano no qual o mesmo está inserido. Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o transporte urbano de carga em cidades médias brasileiras com base na revisão da literatura e em survey aplicada a transportadores e varejistas da área central do município de Juiz de Fora. Aqui são identificados os atributos que caracterizam e diferenciam as Cidades Médias (CM), bem como os fatores que influenciam o TUC. Também são apresentados os resultados de pesquisa de opinião entre especialistas e agentes públicos de cidades de porte médio acerca do nível de interação entre atributos que caracterizam as CM e os fatores de influência do TUC. O trabalho traz uma proposta estrutura para análise do TUC em CM, além apresentar a estatística descritiva dos dados da survey aplicada na cidade de Juiz de Fora e análise fatorial exploratória para verificação da proximidade das variáveis atribuídas aos projetos e medidas adotadas pelas autoridades locais. Como principal conclusão o trabalho identifica os Projetos e Medidas adotados pelas autoridades locais como o fator de maior influência no TUC em CM, bem como corrobora a necessidade de se levar em conta os atributos de diferenciação das CM brasileiras no estudo do TUC. / Measures adopted to solve problems and challenges related to urban freight transport may not have the expected effect, since they do not take into account all the complexity involved in urban spaces. The urbanization process, especially the diverse aspects that come from the difference between sizes of cities, significantly affect the Urban Freight Transport (UFT). In this sense, it is necessary to approach freight transport in cities in the light of urban context in which it is inserted. This article brings an analysis of UFT in Brazilian medium-sized cities based on literature review and survey applied to carriers and retailers in the central area of the Juiz de Fora city. Here we will identify the attributes that characterize and differentiate the Medium-sized Cities (MC), as well as the influence factors in UFT. We also present the results of opinion research among specialists and public agents of medium-sized cities about the interaction level between attributes it characterize the MC and the influence factors in UFT. This article brings a UFT framework it describes the urban freight in Brazilian medium-sized cities; besides presenting a descriptive statistical analysis of survey applied to Juiz de Fora city and an exploratory factor analysis to verify the proximity of variables related to Projects and Measures Adopted by Local Authorities. As a main conclusion this paper identifies the Projects and Measures adopted by local authorities as the most influence factor in UFT, as well as corroborates the need to take into account the attributes related to Brazilian MC in UFT studies.