The aim of this essay was to deepen the knowledge of how child-protection-work is illustrated by massmedia. The essay takes it stand in discourse analysis to explain what image is displayed of social work concerning child-protection that is published in news media during 2007 in one of Sweden’s most read evening-papers. The result of the study is that social workers involved in child-protection-work often are categorized as either too zealous or too uncommitted, in the media. The result reflected the current discourse concerning how social workers do their duties in the modern society.

My research investigates the making of new farmers in Chinese risk society. I argue that the socialist peasants are in the transformation into neoliberal new farmers. I define the "new farmers" as a dispositive agricultural population that embodies neoliberal ideologies and practices. The purpose of making the new farmers is to counterbalance the instabilities and risks in post-socialist China and to distribute and redistribute power, wealth and risks via new channels such as new farmers' organizations and enterprises. The new farmers are in the making by different forces to address a variety of risks fermented in post-socialist China. The new farmers are recognized by their education, knowledge of agriculture and social responsibilities; they are categorized by their participation in new farmers' organizations and enterprises; they are promoted and cultivated by the Chinese government; and they are identified and represented via mass media. The individualization of the new farmers serves as a governing tool that turns systemically produced risks into individual risks. It also serves as a normalization strategy that the new farmers build their lives in a do-it-yourself way. Their individualized decisions and choices result in their normalization or marginalization in the making of new farmers in Chinese risk society.

This thesis is about global catastrophic risks and the conscious effect of such risks at the level of everyday life. Utilising R. D. Laing's concept of "ontological security", this thesis questions the extent to which risks that loom in the global environment cause a sense of ontological insecurity amongst individuals at the local-level. In addressing this question, this thesis responds to the theories of Ulrich Beck and Anthony Giddens who maintain that the contemporary age is marked both by the emergence of global risks that exist as the unintended consequences of modernisation and a greater sense of risk owing to how information about such risks is disseminated by the media. While no objection is made to the argument that the global environment has become more objectively threatening, this thesis questions whether individuals in fact perceive such threat in their daily lives. This argument rests on the view that global risks, in the main, lack a tangible dimension needed to elicit a sense of urgency. Seeking to ground the risk literature from the level of theoretical abstraction to that of lived experience, this thesis presents a case study of how risk is perceived in the tourist-dependent township of Akaroa. Despite the fact that New Zealand is generally seen as "safe" and "secure" and removed from the vicissitudes of global events, its economic reliance on international tourism ensures a susceptibility to external forces that disrupt global tourism flows. Given the recent publicity as to how such risks as climate change and peak oil may undermine international tourism in New Zealand, it is clear that areas that are particularly reliant on the international visitor market, like Akaroa, are significantly exposed to global events. This not only makes Akaroa an ideal case study in which to establish the extent to which global risks undermine ontological security in daily life, it also helps measure how seriously individuals in tourist-dependent areas consider the possibility of a substantial tourist decline.

Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-15T14:53:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Campos de Oliveira.pdf: 25870813 bytes, checksum: aa8ba66ebb5550eace46019f6207e151 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-09T17:25:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Campos de Oliveira.pdf: 25870813 bytes, checksum: aa8ba66ebb5550eace46019f6207e151 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-09T17:25:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Campos de Oliveira.pdf: 25870813 bytes, checksum: aa8ba66ebb5550eace46019f6207e151 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / O desenvolvimento tecnológico ocorrido no mundo desencadeado sobretudo pela Revolução Industrial ocasionou a degradação ambiental em proporções preocupantes. Entretanto apenas na segunda metade do século XX evidenciaram-se as preocupações relativas à degradação ambiental pelo homem com a constatação de que os recursos naturais são limitados e de que a devastação ambiental enseja vulnerabilidade tanto para o ser humano quanto para o meio ambiente autonomamente considerado. Neste diapasão começou a se delinear a ciência ambiental surgindo as bases de uma educação ambiental. No Direito houve a necessidade de se realizarem estudos e leis condizentes com a nova realidade surgindo o Direito Ambiental que se configura em ciência jurídica autônoma porém não independente. Diante de tais fatos a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo demonstrar a autonomia do Direito Ambiental no Brasil e a necessidade da sua inserção enquanto componente curricular obrigatório nas Faculdades de Direito brasileiras diante da sociedade de risco que atualmente se perfaz. Para tanto optou-se pelo estudo descritivo-exploratório. Como fundamento teórico recorreu-se à pesquisa de fontes bibliográfica e documental. No que se refere ao estudo exploratório efetuou-se a busca nas Universidades Federais brasileiras das grades curriculares das Faculdades de Direito com o intuito de observar a frequência do componente curricular Direito Ambiental: se presente se ausente e sendo presente se obrigatório ou se optativo. Após a coleta destes dados foram obtidas porcentagens que tiveram por escopo esclarecer a incidência do Direito Ambiental nas grades curriculares das Faculdades de Direito integrantes da amostra. Para o desenvolvimento da dissertação optou-se por utilizar os métodos dialético e hipotético-dedutivo. Visando aprofundar a análise do tema proposto o trabalho foi dividido em três capítulos além do Capítulo 1 “Introdução” e do Capítulo 5 “Conclusões”. Após o desenvolvimento da pesquisa obteve-se entre outras à conclusão de que há autonomia do Direito Ambiental no Brasil cuja sociedade configura-se enquanto sendo sociedade risco o que requer a existência de mais profissionais dedicados à temática da proteção ambiental tanto nos setores técnico e administrativo quanto na seara jurídica. Neste sentido o papel das Universidades é crucial sendo indispensável a disponibilidade do componente curricular Direito Ambiental nas Faculdades de Direito brasileiras. / Salvador

The aim of this comparative study has been to identify similarities and differences in Swedish and British media’s framing and empowerment of actors in relation to the 2017 Stockholm terror attack. Theories on the risk society, framing, power and CDA have been used to create a framework that gives a deeper understanding of media’s role in framing actors and events, and how this can potentially affect the public. Moreover, to determine how media use their power to dis- tribute power among the actors and objects that are part of such an attack. A critical discourse analysis has been carried out on excerpts from a total of 15 articles, seven and six from Sweden and Britain respectively. In this analysis, both framing and power issues were identified, which was used to conduct a discussion on the findings in relation to the the- oretical framework used. It was found that while Sweden and Britain are part of the same culture and therefore largely covered the terror attack the same way, there was a significant difference in the portrayal of the perpetrator. Swedish media had a tendency to use othering and describe the perpetrator as one of “them” as opposed to the “we”. British media, on the other hand, made use of other- ing as well, but would also offer descriptions that could make the “we” relate to him. This difference can potentially be due to the fact that Swedes have been more emotional about the attack, as it happened in their own country. The distribution of power between actors were done similarly in both countries. Two power- plays were identified: the police vs. the perpetrator, and the act (the truck) vs. the public. In order to avoid giving the perpetrator credit for the act, when the act was portrayed, the truck would be described as the powerful actor. Thus, even though it is common sense that the truck did not drive into people on itself, the perpetrator’s actions has not been acknowledged in the media. Instead, when describing the perpetrator, it has been done in relation to the police, who were described as the powerful actors – they caught the perpetrator, i.e. he did not have the power to avoid them or escape. Thus, while Swedish and British media largely have covered the act the same way and with the same means, the Swedish media have used emotional means to further othering.

Submitted by Aelson Maciera (aelsoncm@terra.com.br) on 2017-05-22T19:06:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseARV.pdf: 1249542 bytes, checksum: 025d40612607539f3177849b5780a6b5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-29T19:12:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseARV.pdf: 1249542 bytes, checksum: 025d40612607539f3177849b5780a6b5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-05-29T19:12:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseARV.pdf: 1249542 bytes, checksum: 025d40612607539f3177849b5780a6b5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-29T19:22:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseARV.pdf: 1249542 bytes, checksum: 025d40612607539f3177849b5780a6b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-14 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Our goal in this study is to analyze the production, formation and acting of the authorscoordinators of the two most relevant chapters of the fifth report of the IPCC Working Group II (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) that deal with human dimensions of climate change, and so discuss the contribution of social sciences around this debate. The discussion of the thesis is placed within a framework of interdisciplinary, in which demand for scientific cooperation between different areas appears as a necessity imposed by environmental issues. Our hypothesis is that the fact the interdisciplinary is happening, but when it occurs, that occurs in a hierarchical fashion, where the strands of the social sciences participating in the debate, only do so when they use the same parameters used by the ruling science in discussions climate change. The research shows that the hypothesis is partially confirmed, but there is a progressive tendency to incorporate the classic areas of social sciences, such as anthropology, political science and sociology by the IPCC. / Nosso objetivo neste trabalho é analisar a produção, formação e atuação dos autorescoordenadores dos dois capítulos mais relevantes do quinto relatório do grupo de trabalho II do IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) que versam sobre dimensões humanas das mudanças climáticas, e assim discutir a contribuição das Ciências Sociais em torno deste debate. A discussão da tese é colocada dentro de um quadro de interdisciplinaridade, no qual a demanda por cooperação cientifica entre diferentes áreas aparece como uma necessidade imposta pelas questões ambientais. Nossa hipótese é a de que a interdisciplinaridade de fato vem ocorrendo, mas quando ocorre, ocorre de maneira hierárquica, onde as vertentes das ciências sociais que participam do debate, somente o fazem quando se valem dos mesmos parâmetros utilizados pelas ciências dominantes nas discussões sobre mudanças climáticas. A pesquisa mostra que a hipótese parcialmente se confirma, mas observa-se uma tendência progressiva de incorporação das áreas clássicas das ciências sociais, como antropologia, ciência politica e sociologia por parte do IPCC.

O tema a ser desenvolvido delimita-se ao estudo do meio ambiente do trabalho e o analisa a partir de dois pressupostos teóricos complementares. O primeiro pressuposto é a descrição da sociedade como sociedade do risco. Já o segundo é a descrição da sociedade a partir da teoria dos sistemas sociais. Com isso pretende-se concentrar esforços no aperfeiçoamento do direito do trabalho, mormente no âmbito de sua teoria geral. Acredita-se que o Direito do Trabalho pode ser aprimorado a partir de uma investigação científica que compreenda a complexidade da sociedade, descreva-a e, por consequência, ofereça subsídios teóricos para o seu aperfeiçoamento, incluindo o aprimoramento do direito no contexto de complexidade. Ademais, um esboço de teorização do direito ambiental do trabalho permitirá estabelecer lindes teóricos que descrevam, compreendam e estabilizem as relações que demandam o manejo de questões laborais e ambientais e, à frente, subsidiar novas construções jurídicas, aperfeiçoando gargalos teóricos, superando aparentes antinomias aparentes e mantendo o Direito do Trabalho adequado às necessidades de seu tempo. Ao fim, as considerações finais elencam apontam algumas possibilidades teóricas decorrentes da pesquisa e consignam inquietações que poderão ser aprofundadas adiante, de modo a permitir que essa sistematização possa suscitar o debate do direito ambiental do trabalho como um instrumento de redução das complexidades e estabilização de expectativas, servindo especialmente como mecanismo de proteção da saúde do trabalhador. / The theme developed is bound to the study of the labor environment and analyses it from two complementary theoretical assumptions. The first assumption is the description of society as a society of risk. The second one is the description of society from the social systems theory. With that, the intention is to focus efforts on the improvement of Labor Law, especially within its general theory. It is believed that Labor Law can be refined through a scientific investigation that comprehends society complexity, describing it and, as a consequence, offers theoretical subsidy for its improvement, including the refinement of law within the context of complexity. Moreover, an outline of the theory of environmental labor law shall allow the establishment of theoretical limits that describe, comprehend and stabilizes relationships that demand dealing with labor and environmental issues and, ahead, subsidize new legal constructs, improving theoretical bottlenecks, overcoming apparent antinomies and keeping Labor Law suited to the necessities of its time. At the end, the final considerations list some theoretical possibilities arising from the research and consign concerns that might be deepened further, so as to allow that this systematization can provoke an environmental labor law debate as an instrument for reduction of the complexities and stabilization of expectations, especially serving as a mechanism of protection for the workers health.

Vivemos numa sociedade onde os riscos e as ameaças atingiram elevados níveis de abrangência, assim como de ineditismo, através do surgimento de novos riscos sinérgicos. Para corresponder a essa situação, emergiu uma cultura de segurança, caracterizada pela crença na racionalidade técnica, de base científica. Esta cultura apresenta, como atores reguladores, os chamados sistemas peritos, que gabam de grande confiança por parte expressiva da sociedade, e da autoridade de discursos institucionais com status de inquestionabilidade e infalibilidade. Uma produção social de risco, no Brasil, é a construção de barragens, ilustrado, dentre outros, pelo elevado número de acidentes envolvendo estes empreendimentos. No caso da UHE de Itaipu Binacional, foram analisadas algumas variáveis de risco de colapso da barragem, dentre elas: as de caráter ecossistêmico, considerando, principalmente, a presença e reprodução do mexilhão dourado no lago da UHE; as relacionadas a eventos climáticos críticos, uma vez que os cálculos estruturais das obras civis foram baseados em séries históricas que desconsideraram as mudanças no clima; e, as associados ao terrorismo, considerando a presença de uma comunidade local tida como suspeita, no imaginário social, na região da tríplice fronteira. A partir da síntese do estado da arte no debate das ciências sociais e humanas, analisou-se, as similaridades, diferenças e conflitos entre o discurso institucional de segurança da UHE Itaipu Binacional e o das autoridades públicas, com as representações dos grupos sociais inseridos imediatamente à jusante do empreendimento. / In our society, risks and threats reach high coverage levels, as well as unheard scope, through the combination of different risks. To face this situation, it has been developed a security culture, which is characterized by belief on technical rationality and on scientific basis. This culture presents the expert systems as regulating actors, who receive confidence from most of society, and also shows authority in institutional speeches, claiming a status of undoubted and unfailing system. In Brazil, the construction of dams implies a social risk and a high number of related accidents. Some variables for dam collapse risk in \"Itaipu Binacional\" were analyzed in this work, including ecosystem variables, considering as the main factor the existence and reproduction of golden mussels in the plant reservoir; variables related to critical climatic events, considering that structural calculation for civil construction was based on historical series that do not consider climate changes; and, at least, variables related to terrorism, considering the existence of a supposed suspect local community in the triple border (Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina). From a state-of-art overview on social and human sciences discussion, the similarities, differences and conflicts among \"Itaipu Binacional\" security speech and public authorities\' speeches were analyzed, considering representations of social groups installed in the plant downstream.

O incluso estudo tem por intenção investigar a capacidade crítica da teoria do bem jurídico como critério legitimador das incriminações ambientais. Para tanto, inicia-se por uma análise evolutiva da teoria, desde os movimentos iluministas até as concepções hodiernas, no âmbito de uma verdadeira crise conceitual, a permitir a escolha de um caminho metodológico mais condizente com as demandas do direito penal contemporâneo. Em seguida, coloca-se a problemática sob um enfoque mais amplo, buscando compreender a sociedade de risco atual e sua inevitável projeção no sistema penal. Esta abordagem interdisciplinar permitirá uma avaliação sobre a capacidade crítica do bem jurídico na esfera ambiental, partindo-se de uma real compreensão da realidade social. Na sequência, são estabelecidas as principais linhas teóricas tendentes a conferir (i)legitimidade à proteção do ambiente enquanto bem jurídico-penal, a fim de avaliar os seus pressupostos metodológicos, permitindo constatar em que medida cada uma delas pode reforçar ou desprestigiar a função crítica exercida pela teoria na seara do direito penal ambiental. Por fim, busca-se empreender algumas premissas metodológicas capazes de clarificar uma diretriz acerca do conteúdo dos bens jurídicos ambientais, que possa conferir limite à proteção penal neste campo, apontado-a necessariamente em um marco amplificado, a partir de um diálogo com a dogmática do direito ambiental. A temática é afunilada na polêmica existente em relação à necessidade de um ponto de equilíbrio entre o normativismo e o ontologismo, cujos reflexos certamente afetam as bases históricas e atuais da teoria do bem jurídico. Tal análise pode contribuir no processo de racionalização, interpretação e aplicação dos tipos penais ou categorias dogmáticas no bojo da Lei Brasileira de Crimes Ambientais (Lei 9.605/98). / This study aims to investigate the critical ability of the criminal juridical asset theory as a legitimizing criterion of environmental offenses. It begins with an analysis of the theory since the Enlightenment up to the current conceptions in the context of a genuine conceptual crisis that allows for the choice of a methodological path more consistent with the demands of the contemporary criminal law. Then the crux of the problem is focused more comprehensively in order to understand the risk society and its inevitable current projection in the criminal system. This interdisciplinary approach will allow for an assessment of the critical capacity of the legal interest in the environmental sphere starting with a real understanding of the social reality. Next, the main theoretical lines entitled to evaluate the legitimacy or illegitimacy to the protection of the environment as a criminal juridical asset are put forward in order to assess their methodological assumptions attempting to verify how each one of them can reinforce or discredit the critical function theory exerted by the theory in the ground of the environmental criminal law. Finally, the study seeks to undertake some methodological premises capable of elucidating a notion of the environmental juridical asset, which in turn is capable of conferring limits to the penal protection in this field necessarily under a broader range departing from a dialogue with the dogma of the environmental law. The theme is tapered in the existing controversy regarding the need for a balance between normativism and ontologism whose reflexes certainly affect current and historical bases of the criminal juridical asset theory. Such analysis can contribute to the process of rationalization, interpretation and application of the criminal types or dogmatic categories in the heart of the Brazilian Environmental Crimes Act (Law 9.605/98).

No description available.