No description available.

The purpose of this project is to assess students' gains in intercultural competency during participation within a global curriculum in speech-language pathology and audiology as part of an international exchange project between two U.S. and two Brazilian communicative disorders programs using a standarized measure, the Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) v.3.

Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第18980号 / 工博第4022号 / 新制||工||1619 / 31931 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科マイクロエンジニアリング専攻 / (主査)教授 楠見 明弘, 教授 安達 泰治, 准教授 井上 康博 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当

En el Perú, el sector Textil y Confecciones genera entre 350 y 400 mil empleos directos, representa el 1.9% del PBI y poco más del 10% del de la manufactura. Las PYMES se caracterizan por ser formadas mediante negocios familiares, bajos niveles de inversión en nuevas tecnologías y recursos financieros limitados. Esta realidad ha hecho que las PYMES tengan un retraso en comparación a las grandes empresas en la implementación del Lean Manufacturing. Empresas manufactureras del sector textil que presentan problemas con baja productividad, uso en exceso del espacio físico, movimientos innecesarios y transporte, utilizan las herramientas del Lean Manufacturing y distribución de planta para la solución de esos problemas. Muchos de los problemas encontrados en las empresas están relacionadas con la desorganización de los procesos, el flujo de materiales y el layout. Por ello, las empresas se han visto en la necesidad de aplicar diversas herramientas estratégicas que les ayuden a incrementar la eficiencia de sus procesos y ser más competitivas dentro de su mercado. Entre las herramientas estratégicas se encuentra el Lean Manufacturing. Diversos autores concluyen que las distribuciones de planta que tienen las pymes no son las correctas para el incremento de productividad, sin embargo, los modelos de mejora que presentan carecen de información sobre cómo se debe crear paso a paso un nuevo layout de la empresa. Debido a ello, este proyecto detalla los pasos que las empresas pymes pueden seguir en búsqueda de un modelo de distribución de planta bajo la herramienta SLP. / In Peru, the Textile sector generates between 350 and 400 thousand direct jobs, representing 1.9% of Gross domestic product (GDP) and just over 10% of manufacturing. SMEs are characterized by being formed by family businesses, low levels of investment in new technologies and limited financial resources. This context has made SMEs are delayed compared to large companies in implementing Lean Manufacturing. Manufacturing textile companies that have problems with low productivity, excessive use of physical space, unnecessary movement and transport, use the tools of Lean Manufacturing and distribution plant for solving these problems. Many of the problems found in companies are related to the disorganization of processes, material flow and layout. Therefore, companies have seen the need to apply different strategic tools to help them increase the efficiency of their processes and become more competitive in their market. Among the strategic tools is the Lean Manufacturing. Several authors conclude that the plant distributions that SMEs have are not correct for increased productivity, however, the improvement models presenting lack information on how to create step by step a new layout of the company. Because of this, this project details the steps that SMEs can follow in search for a plant distribution model under the SLP tool. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

Aphasia is defined as an acquired language impairment and is often caused by stroke. The impairment can affect the person in many ways depending on the severity, and lasting effects often have a negative impact on the persons participation and communication. Currently there are no national guidelines for aphasia following stroke containing named interventions. The purpose of our study is to compose an evidence-based summation of interventions for aphasia currently in use which specifically target grammatical and discourse impairment. A systematic literature search was conducted, and the included studies were assessed. This resulted in a summation of ten included interventions for treating grammatical and discourse impairment. Persistently, the studies were of poor quality, had a flawed design and had a low number of participants. The majority of the interventions were, in spite of the occasional substantial theoretical framework, considered to have insufficient evidence base. There is a need for more extensive, high-quality studies for speech-language pathologists to be able to carry out evidence-based therapy in accordance with the recently published national guidelines for stroke. / Afasi definieras som en förvärvad språkstörning och orsakas vanligen av stroke. Språkliga funktioner hos den drabbade kan påverkas i olika grad, där svårigheter ofta kvarstår och påverkar personens delaktighet och kommunikationsförmåga. Det saknas kliniska riktlinjer för afasibehandling innehållande specifika metoder. Denna studie syftade till att sammanställa befintliga behandlingsmetoder för grammatiska svårigheter och nedsatt diskursförmåga i ett evidensbaserat kunskapsunderlag. En systematisk litteratursökning genomfördes och de inkluderade studierna evidensgranskades. Detta resulterade i en sammanställning av tio metoder för behandling av grammatiska svårigheter och diskurs. Genomgående sågs låg studiekvalitet, bristande studiedesign och lågt deltagarantal hos de inkluderade studierna. Majoriteten av behandlingsmetoderna bedömdes ha otillräcklig evidens, även där en omfattande teoretisk bakgrund fanns att tillgå. Behovet av mer omfattande studier med hög kvalitet är nödvändigt för att logopeden ska kunna arbeta evidensbaserat samt följa Socialstyrelsens nationella riktlinjer gällande strokevård.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第18980号 / 工博第4022号 / 新制||工||1619(附属図書館) / 31931 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科マイクロエンジニアリング専攻 / (主査)教授 楠見 明弘, 教授 安達 泰治, 准教授 井上 康博 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine speech-language pathologists’ (SLPs’) perceptions regarding the concept of severity of speech sound disorder (SSD). Methods: An online survey of 40 questions was created using REDCap® and disseminated to currently practicing SLPs across the United States. A total of 296 responses were completed, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and coding according to grounded theory. Results: The top five factors SLPs consider when determining SSD severity are types of errors, intelligibility, perceptual judgment, normative data, and percentile rankings. Most SLPs were unfamiliar with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (WHO, 2001), which was reflected in how they prioritized the ICF component of body function over activity/participation and personal factors. Conclusion: SLPs need a standard, biopsychosocial model for rating SSD severity, clinical training and continuing education on the ICF, and exposure to holistic tools for assessing children with SSD.

No description available.

No description available.

Introduction: Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is a condition associated with stridor, wheezing and dyspnea during exercise. The condition is commonly divided into two subtypes, glottic and supraglottic, depending on the level of the obstruction in the larynx. The obstruction may also occur in a combined form. At Uppsala University Hospital there are a few different treatment options for EILO but they are most commonly referred to speech and language pathology treatment (SLP-treatment).    Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine (1) the perceived effect of SLP-treatment on individuals with EILO and (2) to examine whether a difference in the perceived effect was due to type of EILO. A third aim (3) was to examine the presence of voice symptoms in this group.   Study designs:This study investigated separate objectives and reported results from both a retrospective cross-sectional study and a cross-sectional study.    Methods:51 participants with EILO were referred to SLP-treatment between year 2007 and 2017. 37 of the participants completed a survey on the perceived effect of SLP-treatment. All participants answered a questionnaire about voice symptoms, Screen6.   Results: A majority, 54% of the 37 participants who had undergone SLP-treatment, reported being helped by the treatment. In total, 51 participants diagnosed with EILO answered the survey, generating a response rate of 52%. The result showed that 31 % of the participants reported voice problems. Voice problems were defined as having two or more voice symptoms weekly or daily on Screen6.    Conclusions:(1) In this study a majority of the participants reported SLP-treatment as helpful. (2) No significant difference between the perceived effect of the intervention and type of EILO existed. (3) 31% of the participants had a voice problem according to Screen6. This number is higher, than in the general population and in other risk groups and may indicate a greater risk of voice disorders in individuals with EILO.