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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

SAÚDE SEXUAL E REPRODUTIVA: PERSPECTIVAS E INTERVENÇÃO PARA ADOLESCENTES EM ESCOLA MUNICIPAL DE SANTA MARIA, RS / SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH: PERSPECTIVES AND INTERVENTION FOR TEENAGERS IN A MUNICIPAL SCHOOL OF SANTA MARIA, RS

Seady, Daniela Aline Kaufmann 08 August 2014 (has links)
The situation of the Brazilian reality in health has been constituted to multidetermined phenomena; it has remained important and serious social problems and reproductive health among teenagers. The inopportune pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) diseases . These two items show the need to strongly connect the areas of health and education in order to conduct the promotion and health education aimed, in this case, sexual and reproductive health of teenagers. Objective: to analyze the results of operations and the performance of a health professional , as an educator in Teenager Health , especially in sexual and reproductive area , by students of a municipal school in Santa Maria / RS . Methods: exploratory and descriptive research, the type quantity / quality. In school year 2013, 17 meetings / interventions of health professionals of a Family Health Strategy (fortnightly periodicity) with 32 teenagers aged between 12 and 14 years were performed . It has used a participatory methodology and applied a pre and post-test questionnaire and individual interviews. Results and discussion: Project added knowledge about sexual and reproductive health. It was found that the performance of combined actions (health and school) may contribute to the development of more informed and more critically reflective teenagers, especially when it comes to issues of complex approach, not included in the formal curriculum. Working with sensitive issues related to sexual and reproductive health, in a dynamic, honest and participatory approach it can be an efficient strategy to promote behavior change towards sexuality of teenagers. Final Thoughts: through this study, we realized the importance of the implementation of a participatory and continuous education, offered by qualified and licensed personnel working with sexual and reproductive health. / A conjuntura da realidade brasileira em saúde tem se constituído de fenômenos multideterminados; perduram importantes e graves problemas sociais e de saúde reprodutiva entre os adolescentes. Podem-se citar a gravidez inoportuna e as Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis (DSTs). Esses dois itens evidenciam a necessidade de conectar, fortemente, as áreas da saúde e da educação, a fim de efetivar a promoção e educação em saúde visando, nesse caso, à saúde sexual e reprodutiva dos adolescentes. Objetivo: analisar os resultados de intervenções e a atuação de um profissional da saúde, como educador em Saúde do Adolescente, principalmente, na área reprodutiva e sexual, com alunos de uma escola municipal de Santa Maria/RS. Métodos: pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, do tipo quanti/qualitativo. Durante o ano letivo de 2013, foram realizados 17 encontros/ intervenções de profissionais da saúde de uma Estratégia Saúde da Família (periodicidade quinzenal), com 32 adolescentes, com idade entre 12 e 14 anos. Utilizou-se a metodologia participativa. Aplicou-se um questionário pré e pós-teste e entrevista individual. Resultados e discussão: o Projeto acrescentou conhecimentos sobre a saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Verificou-se que a realização de ações combinadas (saúde e escola) pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de adolescentes mais informados e criticamente mais reflexivos, principalmente, quando se trata de temas de abordagem complexa e não contemplados em currículo formal. O trabalho com temas sensíveis relacionados à saúde sexual e reprodutiva, em uma abordagem dinâmica, honesta e participativa pode constituir-se em estratégia eficiente para promover possíveis mudanças de comportamento dos adolescentes frente à sexualidade. Considerações finais: por meio deste estudo, percebeu-se a relevância da execução de ações educativas participativas e continuadas, ofertadas por pessoal qualificado e habilitado a trabalhar com saúde sexual e reprodutiva.
32

De la variabilité du rapport des enseignants de l’école primaire à l’orthographe appréhendée comme une norme sociale : discours et pratiques / Variability in the relationships primary school teachers have to spelling analyzed as a social norm : speech and teaching practices.

Combalier-Combaz-Champlaine, Catherine 23 November 2017 (has links)
Notre recherche étudie le rapport des enseignants de l’école primaire française à l’orthographe appréhendée comme une norme sociale à travers leurs propos déclaratifs et à travers leurs pratiques enseignantes. En France, l’orthographe revêt des enjeux sociaux d’importance. Si l’orthographe est un ensemble de règles provenant du système linguistique, elle est aussi une pratique sociale qui s’impose à tous les utilisateurs. Elle appartient dès lors aux normes culturelles d’une société donnée. C’est pourquoi, nous avons cherché à apprécier l’adhésion des maitres à cette norme et à savoir s’il existait, entre eux, une certaine variabilité dans cette adhésion. Pour ce faire, nous avons opérationnalisé le concept de norme sociale. Nous avons mené 30 entretiens semi-directifs auprès d’enseignants de CM1 et CM2. Leurs réponses ont été analysées grâce à une analyse de contenu thématique et à une analyse statistique. Cela a permis de dégager cinq profils ortho-normatifs qui témoignent d’une variabilité du rapport des maitres à cette norme sociale orthographique et d’établir une typologie. Puis, nous avons cherché à percevoir ces rapports ortho-normatifs lorsqu’ils enseignent en classe auprès de leurs élèves pour éprouver les propos de Jaurès « on n’enseigne pas ce que l’on sait ou ce que l’on croit savoir : on enseigne et on ne peut enseigner que ce que l’on est » et apprécier la présence de leurs logiques d’arrière-fond (Bucheton, 2011). Chaque enseignant montre sa façon singulière d’incarner son profil ortho-normatif et de rendre présente cette norme sociale lors d’une séance d’enseignement d’un point particulier du système linguistique. Ce faisant, il construit le curriculum caché des élèves. / Our research studies how French primary school teachers deal with spelling considered as a social norm through their declarative words as well as their teaching practices. In France, with spelling, important social issues are at stake. If spelling is a set of rules linked to the linguistic system, it is also a social practice which is imposed on all users. As such it belongs to the cultural norms of a given society. That’s why we tried to estimate teachers ’adhesion to this norm and see if there was a certain variability to it among them.In order to achieve this, we operationalized the concept of social norm. We led 30 semi-directive interviews with 4th and 5th year primary school teachers. Their answers were analyzed thanks to both a thematic content analysis and a statistical one. The result highlighted the existence of five “ortho-normative profiles” which shows a variability in the relationship teachers have to this social spelling norm and enabling us to establish a typology.Then, we tried to grasp these “ortho-normative relationships” when they teach in class to test Jaurès ‘s words : “we don’t teach what we know or what we think we know, we teach and can only teach what we are” and thus estimated their background logics (Bucheton, 2011). Each teacher showed his personal way to embody his own “ortho-normative profile” and made this social norm present during a teaching session of a particular point of the linguistic system. In doing so, he builds the pupils’hidden curriculum.
33

L'influence des représentations de la beauté physique et morale dans l'estime de soi chez des élèves de collège en France / The influence of representations of physical and moral beauty in self-esteem in college students in France

Zmourod, Amira 30 June 2011 (has links)
L’objectif de cette recherche est d’examiner la relation entre l’estime de soi et la réussite scolaire selon la beauté, la culture et le sexe de collégiennes et collégiens. L’estime de soi générale a une influence notable dans certains domaines (échec et réussite, situation familiale, etc.). Notre recherche vise à étudier le lien entre l’estime de soi, la beauté physique comme morale et la réussite scolaire des collégiens en France. L’estime de soi et la réussite scolaire ont été mesurées chez les élèves de deux groupes de collégiens (le groupe A, dans lequel, les élèves répondent aux critères qui contribuent à définir le caractère de la beauté dans la liste établit par nous et le groupe B dans lequel, les élèves ne répondent pas à ces critères). 120 collégiens en troisième et quatrième ont participé à la recherche qui a pour objectif de connaître l’effet de la beauté physique et morale sur l’estime de soi et la réussite scolaire. Les résultats de cette recherche révèlent des différences dans l’estime de soi générale entre des élèves des deux groupes A et B. Ainsi, l’hypothèse que la beauté physique est un des domaines de perception de soi parmi les plus fortement reliés à l’estime de soi générale des élèves a été complètement confirmée. [etc.] / The purpose of this research is to examine the relationships between self-esteem and success at school according to the beauty, the culture and gender of schoolgirls and schoolboys. The general self-esteem has a notable impact on some areas (failure and success, family situation, etc...). Our research aims to study the link between self-esteem, physical as a moral beauty and school success of college students in France. Self-esteem and academic success were measured among the students of two groups of college students (group A, in which the students satisfy the criteria which contribute to identify the character of the beauty of the list set by us and group B in which the students do not meet these criteria). 120 students in the preparatory stage in 8th and 9th grades have participated in the research that has a purpose to know the effect of the physical and moral beauty on the self-esteem and the academic success. The results of this study show differences in general self-esteem between students of both groups A and B. As well, the hypothesis that physical beauty is one of the areas of self perception which is most strongly linked to the general self-esteem of students has been fully affirmed. [etc.]
34

Les pratiques d'évaluations formatives et verdictives verbales des enseignants : le cas de deux enseignants de sciences-physiques en lycée général en France / The Practice of formative and verbal assessment by teachers : in the case of two physics teachers in high school in France

Arrieu-Mutel, Aline 30 September 2016 (has links)
Notre recherche exploratoire, à visée descriptive, explicative et compréhensive consiste à étudier une dimension peu souvent débattue : l’évaluation verbale des élèves par les enseignants au service de la régulation immédiate des apprentissages et des difficultés observées. Nous émettons l’hypothèse qu’en situation d’enseignement-apprentissage, l’enseignant est soumis à des tensions dont il doit s’affranchir pour faire vivre la classe : s’assurer qu’une majorité d’élèves ait construit les connaissances attendues ou favoriser la réalisation des objectifs pédagogiques et didactiques prévus pour la séance. Nous élaborons un modèle sur les pratiques d’évaluation, produit d’interrelations entre les actions d’évaluations formatives et verdictives verbales (AEFV) de l’enseignant, ses représentations de l’évaluation et les contextes périphériques et situationnels. Les données obtenues montrent l’organisation de patterns constitutifs aux interactions entre les AEFV et les réponses (ou les questions) des élèves dans la dynamique temporelle de la séance ; certains inciteraient une régulation du processus d’apprentissage tandis que d’autres contribueraient à l’avancée du processus didactique. Aussi, la recherche de processus organisateurs de ces patterns établit la présence de discernements constitués par les rapports entre le contexte situationnel, les préoccupations de l’enseignant à cibler la construction de contenus disciplinaires précis, à gérer la temporalité pendant la séance et, ses occupations socio culturellement construites. Ces dernières renvoient à la prise en compte les difficultés des élèves et l’achèvement des programmes scolaires de seconde et première scientifique en France. / Our exploratory research, referred to as descriptive, explanatory and comprehensive, consists of exploring a rarely debated area: the verbal evaluation of students by teachers to immediately improve learning and the difficulties observed. We hypothesize that in teaching - learning situations, the teacher is subject to constraining factors that must be overcome in order for the class to move forward: they must ensure that the majority of students build the knowledge expected or meet the educational and didactic objectives planned for the lesson. We will devise a model for the practice of the assessment, using the interrelation of the act of the formative and verbal assessment by the teacher, the representation of their assessment and the situational and peripheral environment. The data obtained, shows the organisation of the constituent patterns of the interactions between the formative and verbal assessment and the answers (or questions) of the students within the determinants of the class; a few encourage a regulation of the process of learning whilst others contribute to the progression of the didactic process. The research into the organisation of these patterns also highlights the presence of discriminating informations (discernements) with regards to the situational context, the concerns of the teacher focused the construction of precise disciplinary content, guided the timing of the class and the socio-cultural aims attained. The latter highlights the understanding of the difficulties of students and the completion of school programmes in years seconde and première scientifique in France.
35

[en] EULERIAN GRAPHS IN BASIC EDUCATION / [pt] GRAFOS EULERIANOS NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA

BRUNO NOGUEIRA CARDOSO 15 December 2017 (has links)
[pt] O presente trabalho busca apresentar uma proposta de inclusão de tópicos elementares da teoria de Grafos, com destaque para os Grafos Eulerianos, na educação básica. Iniciamos com uma introdução a essa teoria destacando algumas definições importantes que fundamentam o trabalho além de concepções teóricas relevantes para tratar da questão específica dos Grafos Eulerianos. Posteriormente, algumas sugestões de atividades sobre o tema, que podem ser aplicadas em qualquer nível da educação básica desde o Ensino Fundamental até o Ensino Médio, são apresentadas com o intuito de auxiliar e inspirar o professor desse segmento que esteja interessado em utilizar novas propostas na sua prática pedagógica. Assim, esse profissional pode se valer do presente trabalho como um recurso motivador para novas construções ou simplesmente adaptá-lo, alterá-lo e/ou utilizá-lo na realidade da sua sala de aula. Algumas das atividades propostas foram aplicadas com alunos do sétimo ano de uma escola pública do Rio de Janeiro e a metodologia e avaliação desta aplicação encontram-se também descritas no presente estudo. Desta forma, pretende-se promover uma reflexão sobre novas estratégias que incrementem o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da Matemática na busca de uma educação Matemática mais autônoma e mais significativa. / [en] This paper seeks to show a proposal of inclusion of elementary topics of Graphs theory, with emphasis in Eulerian graphs, on basic school. We begin with an introduction to this theory highlighting some important definitions which underpin this paper beyond relevant theoretical conceptions to deal with the specific issue of Eulerian graphs. In addition, some suggestions of activities on the subject, which can be applied in any level of basic education, from Elementary to High School, are presented with the intention of help teachers interested in using new proposals on their pedagogical practice. So they can use this material as a motivating resource for new constructions or just adapt it, change it and/or use it in his classroom routine. Some of the proposed activities were applied with seventh year students from a public school of Rio de Janeiro and the methodology and evaluation of this application are also described on this present work. Therefore it is intended to promote a reflection about new strategies that increase the teaching-learning process of Mathematics in the searching for more autonomy and more meaningful mathematical education.
36

As relações étnico-raciais e as TIC na educação física escolar: possibilidades para o ensino médio a partir do currículo do estado de São Paulo / Ethnic-racial relations and ICT in physical school education: possibilities for secondary education from the curriculum of the State of São Paulo

Soares, Dandara de Carvalho [UNESP] 14 June 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Dandara de Carvalho Soares (dan_natacao19@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-03T18:38:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Dandara de Carvalho Soares.pdf: 2669772 bytes, checksum: 37b4274c46e1a464c31eb5b1d96dd6e4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-08-03T19:15:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_dc_me_rcla.pdf: 2669772 bytes, checksum: 37b4274c46e1a464c31eb5b1d96dd6e4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-03T19:15:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 soares_dc_me_rcla.pdf: 2669772 bytes, checksum: 37b4274c46e1a464c31eb5b1d96dd6e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / As reflexões relacionadas às relações étnico-raciais na Educação de modo geral, e em particular na Educação Física escolar ainda não avançaram a ponto de serem tematizadas junto aos conteúdos disciplinares. Inclusive, em 2003 foi aprovada uma lei que introduz a obrigatoriedade de correlações étnico-raciais nos currículos escolares brasileiros. Entende-se que a Educação Física deve proporcionar aos alunos vivências e compreensões da cultura corporal de modo que sejam significativas para a vida cotidiana. Considerando que os estudantes que estão atualmente nas escolas são nativos digitais e que a tecnologia faz parte de sua realidade, utilizá-la de forma pedagógica nas aulas pode auxiliar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, rompendo a visão de Educação Física tradicional, no diálogo crítico entre os conteúdos e as mídias, na transposição das atividades para a vida, entre outros aspectos. Deste modo, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi elaborar uma unidade didática a partir do conteúdo do currículo do Estado de São Paulo para o Ensino Médio, utilizando as TIC para problematizar as relações étnico-raciais. Além disso, implementar e avaliar as percepções do professor e dos alunos sobre o trabalho desenvolvido. O percurso metodológico foi de natureza qualitativa, desenvolvido por meio de quatro etapas: 1) análise documental do currículo do Estado de São Paulo; 2) observação, grupo focal com os alunos e entrevista semiestruturada com o professor; 3) elaboração e implementação da unidade didática e 4) avaliação da unidade didática implementada. Os dados obtidos nas coletas de dados foram transcritos, revistos e classificados a partir da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados foram agrupados em três categorias principais: Relevância do tema; Preconceito racial e O uso das TIC. Sobre a "relevância do tema" verificou-se que tanto o professor quanto os alunos antes e depois das intervenções consideraram as relações étnico-raciais como um assunto importante para ser abordado na escola e nas aulas de Educação Física. Em relação ao "preconceito racial" observou-se que os alunos reconheceram que o mesmo não se trata apenas do ato de desqualificar o negro, mas também de privá-los de condições básicas para a vida, como saúde, educação e trabalho. Foi observado também que, mesmo depois da implementação da Unidade Didática, não houve alteração na postura dos alunos em relação às “brincadeiras”, os mesmos não reconheciam essas ações como racismo, consideravam que se tinham proximidade e intimidade com a pessoa, “brincar” com algumas características dos seus amigos não podia ser denominado preconceito, pois o objetivo desse tipo de ação não era insultar ou desqualificar. Quanto ao uso das TIC, três pontos merecem destaque. Observou-se primeiramente que a estrutura física da escola e a falta de conhecimento do professor sobre as tecnologias são fatores que limitam a inserção das TIC nas aulas de Educação Física. Em segundo lugar, a falta de empenho dos alunos também prejudica o trabalho com as ferramentas tecnológicas. O último ponto que vale ressaltar é que, mesmo com as limitações descritas acima, inserir as TIC nas aulas de Educação Física foi possível e elas potencializaram o desenvolvimento dos conteúdos. Considera-se com essa pesquisa que o currículo do Estado de São Paulo de Educação Física para o Ensino Médio possui conteúdos que propiciam a inserção das relações étnico-raciais. As TIC se mostraram essenciais para o trato desta temática, além de auxiliar na abordagem dos conteúdos, foram ferramentas que facilitaram a compreensão dos alunos acerca do tema, na participação e interação dos mesmos nas aulas e em atividades fora da escola. / The reflections related to ethnic-racial relations in Education in general, and in particular in the Physical Education school have not yet advanced to the point of being themed next to the disciplinary contents. In addition, a law was introduced in 2003 that introduces the obligatory ethno-racial correlations in Brazilian school curricula. It is understood that Physical Education should provide students with experiences and understandings of body culture so that they are meaningful for everyday life. Considering that the students who are currently in the schools are digital natives and that the technology is part of their reality, to use it in a pedagogical way in the classes can aid in the process of teaching and learning, breaking the traditional Physical Education vision, in the critical dialogue Between the contents and the media, in the transposition of activities for life, among other aspects. Thus, the objective of the present research was to elaborate a didactic unit from the content of the State of São Paulo curriculum for High School, using ICT to problematize ethnic-racial relations. In addition, implement and evaluate the perceptions of the teacher and students about the work developed. The methodological course was qualitative, developed through four stages: 1) documentary analysis of the curriculum of the State of São Paulo; 2) observation, focus group with students and semi-structured interview with teacher; 3) preparation and implementation of the didactic unit and 4) evaluation of the didactic unit implemented. The data obtained in the data collections were transcribed, reviewed and classified from the content analysis. The results were grouped into three main categories: Relevance of the theme; Racial Prejudice and The Use of ICT. Regarding the "relevance of the subject" it was found that both the teacher and the students before and after the interventions considered ethnic-racial relations as an important subject to be approached in the school and Physical Education classes. In relation to "racial prejudice", it was observed that the students recognized that it is not only about denigrating the Negro, but also depriving them of basic conditions for life, such as health, education and work. It was also observed that, even after the implementation of the didactic unit, there was no change in the posture of the students in relation to the "jokes", they did not recognize these actions as racism, they considered that they had proximity and intimacy with the person, With some characteristics of his friends could not be called prejudice, because the purpose of this type of action was not to insult or denigrate. Regarding the use of ICT, three points deserve attention. It was first observed that the physical structure of the school and the teacher's lack of knowledge about the technologies are factors that limit the insertion of ICT in Physical Education classes. Secondly, students' lack of commitment also undermines their work with technological tools. The last point worth highlighting is that, even with the limitations described above, inserting ICT in Physical Education classes was possible and they potentiated the content development. It is considered with this research that the curriculum of the State of São Paulo of Physical Education for High School has contents that propitiate the insertion of the ethnic-racial relations. ICTs were essential for dealing with this issue, as well as helping to approach content, were tools that facilitated students' understanding of the subject, their participation and interaction in class and in activities outside of school.
37

Diagnostika vybraných prekonceptů k technickému vzdělávání žáků 4. a 5. tříd ZŠ / Diagnosis of Selected pre-Concepts Towards Technical Education of 4th and 5th Grade Pupils

MEŠKANOVÁ, Barbora January 2011 (has links)
The thesis focuses on problems and diagnosis selected preconceptions TechnicalEducation. In the theoretical part was approached theory of constuctivism, pupil concept of curriculum, preconceptions, Data collection methods and content oftechnicaleducation on the primary school. Practical part represents the rate for structuring preconceptions usingquestionnaires and cognitive maps. The practical part provides information mation about the research, processing the results and subsequent conclusions drawn. The questionnaires were students 4. and 5. class Králův Dvůr.
38

Participação de crianças nas rotinas da educação infantil

Almeida, Synara do Espírito Santo 21 December 2015 (has links)
It is a qualitative research, based on a case study, which aimed to understand what aspects of the school context interfere in the ways of social participation of children in the routines of early childhood education in a municipal school in the city of Estância/SE. Survey participants were 21, 05 years old, children of both sexes (12 girls and 09 boys) and 07 women. The materials used for the production of data was A4 paper, colored pencils, crayons and play dough, plus the following instruments: camera, notebook for field notes, audio recorder, audio recorder with computer, script observation and semi-structured interviews. Two semi-structured dating activities with children and three meetings of Focus Group with teachers were conducted. The data obtained from the field diary, transcripts of audios and drawings produced by children were analyzed, resulting in the following categories: (1) Disciplining; (2) Schooling; (3) Routinization; (4) Interaction; (5) Motivation; (6) Toys / games and (7) Environment. That done, drawings, photos and excerpts of transcripts or observations were separated to demonstrate aspects of the school environment that interfered in the ways of social participation of the children in school routines. Sought to triangulation of the data for presentation and understanding of the results. The results showed that disciplining managing early childhood education, with arbitrary rules, without meaning to children disrupted the interaction among peers and the teacher-child interaction. The schedules of institutional routine were not articulated thinking about the needs and different rhythms of learning of the children; environmental organization was not part of the routine; there is a lack of a space for the discussion and reflection of teaching practices between teachers working in the school; lack of family and community participation in the activities and planning of the educational institution; lack of training courses for teachers intended on expanding and updating their knowledge on child-rearing practices. Therefore believed to be essential to review the pedagogical practices, the environment and school routine. Also, make municipal level changes to meet the need of continuous formation of the school personnel, obtain the effective participation of the family and community in the educational institution, the appreciation and recognition of the teacher as the child's learning mediator. These aspects can be modified to be attuned to the needs and interests of children, making pedagogical practices undestanding for them. / Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, baseada em um estudo de caso, que objetivou compreender quais aspectos do contexto escolar interferem nos modos de participação social de crianças nas rotinas da educação infantil de uma escola municipal da cidade de Estância/SE. Os participantes da pesquisa foram 21 crianças de ambos os sexos (12 meninas e 09 meninos), com 05 anos de idade e 07 mulheres. Os materiais utilizados para a produção de dados foram papel A4, lápis de cor, giz de cera e massa de modelar, além dos seguintes instrumentos: máquina fotográfica, caderno para as anotações de campo, gravador de áudio, computador com gravador de áudio, roteiro de observação e de entrevista semiestruturada. Foram realizados dois encontros semiestruturados de atividades com as crianças e três encontros de grupo focal com as professoras. Os dados obtidos através do diário de campo, das transcrições dos áudios e dos desenhos produzidos pelas crianças foram analisados, resultando nas seguintes categorias: (1) Disciplinarização; (2) Escolarização; (3) Rotinização; (4) Interação; (5) Motivação; (6) Brinquedos/brincadeiras e (7) Ambiente. Feito isso, foram separados desenhos, fotos e trechos das transcrições ou observações que demonstrassem os aspectos do contexto escolar que interferiram nos modos de participação social das crianças nas rotinas da escola. Buscou-se a triangulação dos dados para a apresentação e entendimento dos resultados. Os resultados demonstraram o disciplinamento gerindo a educação infantil, com regras arbitrárias, sem significado para as crianças e que atrapalharam a interação entre os pares, bem como a interação professora-criança. Os horários da rotina institucional não estavam articulados pensando nas necessidades e diferentes ritmos de aprender das crianças; a organização do ambiente não se mostrou parte integrante da rotina; há carência de um espaço para a discussão e reflexão das práticas pedagógicas entre as docentes que atuam na escola; ausência da participação familiar e da comunidade nas atividades e planejamentos da instituição educativa; falta de cursos de aperfeiçoamento para as professoras ampliarem e atualizarem seus conhecimentos sobre as práticas de educação infantil. Por isso, acredita-se ser fundamental rever as práticas pedagógicas, o ambiente e a rotina da escola. Também, fazer mudanças a nível municipal para suprir as necessidades de formação continuada dos profissionais da escola, obter a participação efetiva dos familiares e da comunidade na instituição educativa, a valorização e reconhecimento do professor enquanto mediador da aprendizagem da criança. Tais aspectos podem ser modificados para estar sintonizados com as necessidades e interesses das crianças, tornando as práticas pedagógicas mais significativas para elas.
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As formações no âmbito da parceria programa ensino médio inovador/jovem de futuro – PROEMI/JF

Camargo, Ewerton Franco de 29 January 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-20T14:31:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ewertonfrancodecamargo.pdf: 779082 bytes, checksum: 921720b4661f7088d066da500a6a46e1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T03:04:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ewertonfrancodecamargo.pdf: 779082 bytes, checksum: 921720b4661f7088d066da500a6a46e1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T03:04:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ewertonfrancodecamargo.pdf: 779082 bytes, checksum: 921720b4661f7088d066da500a6a46e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-29 / Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo a rotatividade dos supervisores do Programa Ensino Médio Inovador/Jovem de Futuro (ProEMI/JF) no Estado do Ceará e a consequente ausência de participação em todas as formações oferecidas pelo Instituto Unibanco. Isso é considerado um problema para a gestão do ProEMI/JF, uma vez que as formações têm fundamental importância para a atuação da supervisão. O referencial teórico pauta-se nos estudos de Lück (2000), Gadotti (1996) e Freire (1996) e utiliza-se como metodologia uma entrevista semiestruturada com quatro Articuladores de Gestão e dez Superintendentes de ensino que atuam como supervisores do ProEMI/JF. Os dados dos questionários evidenciam que os supervisores atuantes entendem que as formações contribuem para o exercício de sua função e que, portanto, têm impacto no resultado final do programa. Contudo, na análise documental, observou-se que aproximadamente 36% dos supervisores não participaram dos três módulos oferecidos no período estudado, de janeiro de 2013 a julho de 2014, comprovando a rotatividade. Assim, é proposto um plano de ação que visa garantir que os supervisores do ProEMI/JF possam cursar os módulos das formações independente do momento em que assumam o cargo. Deste modo, são propostas três linhas de ação: i) menor interdependência entre os módulos; ii) formação como pré-requisito para atuação na função de supervisor do ProEMI/JF; e iii) oferta contínua por meio de ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. / This dissertation has the objective of study of the rotation of the supervisors from the Programa Ensino Médio Inovador/Jovem do Futuro – ProEMI/JF (High School Innovation Program/Youth of the Future) in the Ceará state and the absence of those in all of the instructions courses offered by the Unibanco Institute. This is considered a problem for the ProEMI/JF management because these courses are fundamental to exercise the supervise. The theory of Lück (2000), Gadotti (1996) and Freire (1996) is the theoretical base and the methodology applied were semi-structured interviews with four of the Management Articulators and ten School Superintendents and supervising of ProEMI/JF. The data points out that the acting supervisors understands that courses improves the results of the program. However, in a documental analysis, only 36% of the supervisors do not participate of three parts of the offered courses, from January 2013 to July 2014, proving the rotation. Therefore, an action plan is proposed to try to guarantee the supervisors from ProEMI/JF can do the instruction courses at any time as soon as they started. In this way, there are three actions: i) lower the modules interdependency; ii) require graduate in this courses to works as a supervisor in the program; iii) continuum virtual environment of studies offered.
40

Skolskjutningar & Skolattacker Mobbning & Marginalisering : En litteraturöversikt / Schoolshootings & Schoolattacks Bullying & Marginalization : A litterary review

Tigervall, Christer January 2022 (has links)
Skolskjutningar eller andra skolattacker är tack och lov inte så vanliga i Sverige men då och då sker attacker, senast i Malmö i mars 2022. Det förväntade kunskapsbidrag som detta examensarbete är tänkt att bidra med är att presentera vad forskningsfältet säger om skolattacker runt om i världen mellan 1999–2021. För att kunna presentera forskningsfältet var syftet med detta arbete att göra en litteraturöversikt om skolattacker mellan 1999 – 2021 utifrån begreppen: School shooting, social exclusion, social isolation och bullying. Via denna sökning var syftet att försöka kartlägga vilka anledningar som förklaras ligga bakom attackerna, presentera om det finns en koppling mellan marginalisering och skolattacker samt sammanställa vad forskningen beskriver som framgångsfaktorer i skolors arbete kopplat till området. Ytterligare en aspekt som detta arbete syftade till att presentera i litteraturöversikten var vad forskningen säger om den specialpedagogiska rollen och arbetet i förhållande till marginaliseringen. Ansatsen till syftet tas genom följande frågeställningar: Vilka kopplingar mellan skolattacker och marginalisering presenteras i forskningen mellan 1999 – 2021?Vad visar forskningen för framgångsfaktorer i skolors arbete med att på individ-, grupp- , organisations- och samhällsnivå, motverka marginalisering av elever i skolan?Hur beskriver forskningen den specialpedagogiska rollen och arbetet i förhållande till marginaliseringen? För att göra litteraturöversikten användes SMART-metoden av Claes Nilholm som utgångspunkt för att sammanställa och på ett tydligt presentera resultatet. För att analysera resultatet och besvara de tre olika forskningsfrågorna användes tre olika teoretiska perspektiv som utgångspunkter: kritisk eller kategoriskt perspektiv, pragmatiskt perspektiv och verksamhetsteori. Resultatet visade att uttrycket marginalisering inte är vanligt förekommande och när, används det för att beskriva individer. I resultatet framkommer inte heller något om det specialpedagogiska perspektivet och inga beskrivningar av specialpedagogers arbete. Inte heller presenteras det några framgångsfaktorer som vilar på en vetenskaplig grund. De framgångsfaktorer som presenteras är främst riktade till individen genom psykologer och kuratorer. Vidare ges ett exempel på framgångsfaktor i form av förebyggande arbete som spänner hela vägen från samhälls- till individnivå genom möjligheten att ge anonyma tips. De specialpedagogiska implikationer som detta arbete är tänkt att bidra med är insikt om ett tomrum i informationen om hälsan för elever i skolan och betydelsen av specialpedagogens arbete. Denna uppsats är ett bidrag till forskningsfältet genom att sätta fingret på ett område som behöver utvecklas. Det blir synligt att resurser behövs för översyn och förändring av den psykosociala skolmiljön och här har specialpedagogen en roll att fylla.

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