Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur svenska skolkuratorers praktiska arbete med och bemötande av elevers konsumtion av pornografi utformas utifrån skolkuratorernas attityd till pornografi, samt deras tolkning av Skolverkets och Socialstyrelsens riktlinjer. Studien kommer att undersöka hur svenska skolkuratorer ställer sig till frågan om pornografins påverkan på elever i årskurs 4–9 samt utformningen av skolkuratorers arbete utifrån riktlinjer och hur dessa kan användas som hjälp i bemötandet av elever kopplat till ämnet pornografi. Teorin som applicerats på studien är teorin om planerat beteende, samt begreppen attityd och beteende. Begreppen är tänkta att ge underlag till teorin, för att sedan undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar att attityd går till beteende. Undersökningen bygger på sex digitala semistrukturerade intervjuer med skolkuratorer runt om i Sverige, som arbetar i årskurs 4-9. Det insamlade materialet har analyserats genom en tematisk analys. Resultatet visar att alla kuratorer mött begreppet pornografi i elevsamtal, men i varierande sammanhang. Kuratorernas bemötande av ämnet har påvisats vara olika mellan skolor, men kuratorerna är eniga om att pornografi i stort bör problematiseras. Kuratorerna tolkar och använder sig av elevhälsans riktlinjer på olika sätt, och indikerar att tydligare riktlinjer rörande arbete kring sexualitet hade underlättat för dem i situationer där fenomenet pornografi berörs. Studien kan dra slutsatsen att kuratorer idag tvingas utgå från en personlig tolkning av riktlinjer i sitt arbete vilket resulterar i att barn i Sverige får olika bemötanden och utbildning inom ämnet pornografi, beroende på vilken kurator de träffar. Detta går emot Skollagen (SFS 2010:800) som beskriver hur utbildning ska vara likvärdig oavsett vart i landet eleven befinner sig. / The purpose of the study is to investigate how Swedish school counselors' practical work with and approach towards students' consumption of pornography is shaped based on the school counselors' own attitude to pornography, and their interpretation of Skolverket's and Socialstyrelsen's guidelines. The study will examine Swedish school counselors stance on the impact of pornography on students in grades 4-9, and the design of school counselors' work based on guidelines and how these can be used as an aid in the approach towards students in regards to the subject of pornography. The theory applied to the study is the theory of planned behavior, as well as the concepts of attitude and behavior. The concepts are intended to provide a basis for the theory, and then to investigate which factors influence the transformation of attitudes into behavior. The study is based on six digital semi-structured interviews with school counselors around Sweden, who work in grades 4-9. To analyze the material, I have used a thematic analysis. The result revealed that all counselors encountered the concept of pornography in student counselling, but in different contexts. How the counselor then chose to respond to the topic has turned out to differ between schools, even if the counselors agree that pornography in general should be problematized. The counselors interpret and use the student health guidelines in different ways, but agree that clearer guidelines regarding work related to sexuality in particular would have aided them in situations where the topic is brought up. The conclusion of the study is that counselors today are forced to rely on a personal interpretation of guidelines in their work, and as a result, children in Sweden receive different treatment and education in the subject of pornography depending on which counselor they meet. This goes against Skollagen (SFS 2010:800) which describes how education should be equal regardless of where in the country the student is.

De första 18 åren av en människas liv präglas av fysiska förändringar som bidrar till nya mentala tankeprocesser kring sex, sexualitet och relationer. Denna förändringsprocess som människan går igenom skapar en nyfunnen medvetenhet om sin egen och andras sexualitet. I en tid som definieras av förändringar på denna nivå är det inte ovanligt att privata och intima frågor dyker upp och det kan då vara skönt att ha en opartisk vuxen att prata med. Denna opartiska vuxen kan vara skolkurator.  Denna studie ämnar att, med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer, få en ökad förståelse för hur ett urval av skolkuratorer i Sverige väljer att arbeta med frågor kring sexualitet och sexuell hälsa. Studien avser även att undersöka om samtalet kring sexualitet och sexuell hälsa bör ske i en skolmiljö och om det är relevant för skolkuratorns yrke. Resultaten visar att skolkuratorerna som deltagit i studien har olika syn på relevansen av sexualitet och sexuell hälsa för deras arbete. Det framkom finnas ett samband mellan tidigare yrkeserfarenheter och hur en skolkurator väljer att utforma sitt arbete. En annan slutsats som kom fram i denna studie var att skolkuratorernas arbetsbeskrivning inte anger några tydliga ramar kring vad som ska ingå i arbetet, vilket ger yrkesutövaren stort utrymme att forma sina egna arbetssätt. / The first 18 years of a human being's life is characterized by physical changes that contribute to new mental thought processes concerning sex, sexuality and relationships. This process of change that the human goes through creates a newfound awareness of one’s own and others’ sexuality. In a time that is defined by changes on this level, it is not uncommon for private and intimate questions to arise and it can be nice to have an impartial adult to talk to. This impartial adult can be the school counselor.  The aim of this study is to, with the help of qualitative interviews, gain an increased understanding of how a selection of school counselors in Sweden choose to work with issues surrounding sexuality and sexual health. The study also intends to investigate whether the conversation regarding sexuality and sexual health is supposed to take place in a school environment and whether it is relevant to the school counselor's profession. The results show that the school counselors who participated in the study have different views on the relevance of sexuality and sexual health to their work. There seemed to be a correlation between previous professional experiences and how a school counselor chooses to design their work. Another conclusion that was reached in this study was that the school counselors' job description does not specify any clear framework around what should be included in the work, which gives the professional a lot of room to mold their own working methods.

Honor-related violence and oppression is a societal problem that needs to be addressed. Previous research has primarily been focused on defining honor as a term, which has contributed to the schools’ important role in working with honor-related issues being neglected. The essence of this study is not only to create awareness and an understanding of school counselors work with honor-related issues, but it will also account for analyzes of difficulties they have encountered during their time of work. The study is based on six semi-structured interviews with school counselors in one of Sweden's largest cities. The data that is presented in this study is obtained by previous research, articles and reports - as the basis of the study is to deepen the understanding of the school counselors' work with the subject in question. The data gathering of empirical material indicates that honor-related problems are a prevailing phenomenon in Swedens’ schools. The school counselors emphasize a number of dilemmas they are encountered with or have encountered in their profession. The ambivalence is distinctive where there is a clearly expressed fear of appearing xenophobic or risking someone falling through the cracks. The results of the study observes and emphasizes how segregation and the professionals' own attitudes and knowledge can appear as an obstacle to the preventive work with honor-related issues. The study has led to an understanding that in-depth research is of fundamental importance for school professionals’ ability to notice and assist the children and young people who grow up in home conditions characterized by standards of honor. The results of the empirical data are analyzed in relation to selected relevant theoretical frames of reference for the study, symbolic interactionism, segregation and profession theory. / Hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck är ett samhällsproblem som behöver uppmärksammas. Tidigare forskning har till större del haft sitt fokus i att definiera heder som ett begrepp vilket har bidragit till att skolans viktiga roll i arbetet med hedersrelaterade frågor gått förlorad. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa en förståelse kring skolkuratorers arbete med hedersrelaterade frågor samt analysera de hinder som skolkuratorerna upplever i sitt vardagliga arbete. Studien baseras på sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med skolkuratorer i en av Sveriges storstäder. Studiens ändamål har grundat sig i strävan efter en mer djupgående förståelse av skolkuratorernas arbete med dessa komplexa frågor, därav har tidigare forskning, artiklar och rapporter legat till grund för analysen av insamlat empiriskt material. Datainsamlingen av empiriskt material indikerar att hedersproblematik är ett rådande fenomen i Sveriges skolor. I arbetet med studien betonar skolkuratorerna ett flertal dilemman de bemöter eller har bemött i yrket. Ambivalensen är stor där det tydligt uttrycks en rädsla för att framstå som främlingsfientlig eller missa att någon faller mellan stolarna. Resultatet av studien anmärker och poängterar hur segregation och de yrkesverksammas egna inställningar samt kunskaper kan komma att bli ett hinder för det förebyggande arbetet med hedersrelaterade frågor. Studien har föranlett till en förståelse om att djupgående forskning är av fundamental betydelse för att yrkesverksamma inom skolan ska kunna uppmärksamma alla barn och unga som växer upp i hemförhållanden präglade av hedersnormer. Resultatet av empiriskt material analyseras i förhållande till valda relevanta teoretiska referensramar för studiens syfte, symbolisk interaktionism, segregation och professionsteori.

The aim of this study is to explore and understand school counselors' experiences and work methods towards students in elementary school who identify as LGBTQI and experience vulnerability as a result of this. LGBTQI-youth are described by the Swedish government as particularly vulnerable in schools because of their LGBTQI-identity. Previous international research confirms that LGBTQI-students experience vulnerability, which affects them in their health, wellbeing and school experience. However the context in Sweden is quite unexplored, which implicates a research problem. A qualitative method was used to answer these questions by conducting eight digital semi-structured interviews with school counselors from different municipalities in Sweden. These interviewees were contacted by gathering their email addresses from school websites. Two theories were implemented in order to understand the empirical data, which include queertheory and the critical theory. Both of which are part of a social constructionist theory approach. The results of this study shows that Swedish school counselors have different opinions on the targeted group’s vulnerability and the possibilities, conditions and obstacles of their work. Therefore they also work in different ways. Still there is a consensus that this is an important issue that all schools should prioritize and that the responsibility does not lie solely on school counselors. These results are important because they shine light on the Swedish context and inspire further research.

Problematisk skolfrånvaro är ett socialt problem som ökar och skapar bekymmer i skolvärlden. Syftet med studien har varit att öka kunskapen kring skolkuratorernas upplevelser med arbetet med högstadieelever som har en problematisk skolfrånvaro. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och sex semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med skolkuratorer på högstadie-nivå. Intervjupersonerna hade socionomexamen och hade arbetat som skolkurator i minst ett år. Insamlade empiri analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys och då utifrån tidigare forskning samt genom Lipskys teoretiska begrepp gräsrotsbyråkrati och handlingsutrymme. Resultatet visar att skolkuratorerna upplever att deras roll som skolkurator är otydlig och samtliga har, någon gång under sin tjänst, känt sig ensam i sin profession i skolan. Skolkuratorerna upplever även att arbetet med problematisk skolfrånvaro kunnat utföras annorlunda om det fanns mer resurser för arbete med problematisk skolfrånvaro. Arbetet med elever som har problematisk skolfrånvaro kräver god samverkan med både interna aktörer inom skolan och externa aktörer såsom socialtjänst. Omständigheter, som individuella-, skol- eller familjerelaterade svårigheter, ofta komplexa och i kombination upplevs av skolkuratorerna ligga bakom problematisk skolfrånvaro. / School absence among teenagers is a social problem that increases and contributes to challenges within the school system. The purpose of this study has been to gain an understanding regarding school councelors work in relation to students within the upper secondary education system, and their problematic abscence from school. It does so by using a qualitative method and by utilising six semi-structured interviews with school councelors currently working within the swedish upper secondary education system. The respondents have a bachelor degree in social work and have been working within the field for a minimum of one year. The collected empirical data was analyzed with the help of previous research as well as Lipskys theoretical concept of grassroots bureaucracy and room of action. The study shows that the school counselors experience in regards to their role as school counselors is uncertain, and that all respondents, at least once during their employment, have experienced some degree of loneliness. They have also experienced that the problematic school abscence among teenagers could be different, if the educational system as a whole had more availaible resources. In addition to this the school counselors highlighted the importance of internal cooperation (within the school system) and external cooperation (with, for example, social services). Regarding the underlying circumstances of problematic school abscence among teenagers the school counselors refers to individual, school or family related challenges. In its conclusion the study shows that a combination of the factors above contributes to problematic school abscence among teenagers.

The aim of this study has been to describe and understand how school counselors and school social worker experience and perceive their discretion related to the work with problematic school absenteeism in elementary school. My study is based on six qualitative interviews where the professional roles each made half of the total number, which has been analyzed using qualitative content analysis. I wanted to describe and understand the discretion of school counselors and school social worker based on their role and function as that are not sufficently defined and specified, this associated with work on problematic school absenteeism. The conclusions of this study are that some of them felt limited regarding confidentiality, while some were positive about laws and guidelines. Also, that other actors within school or BUP, their working conditions and resources influenced the school counselors´and school social workers own work performance. The managers gave them freedom to shape their professional role within the organization´s framework. The possibility of resistance was also expressed. Also, that there is bigger experience of obscurity than clarity regarding the job description, which can be based on cooperation and the opportunity to take place. Collaboration and cross-border work as well affected the discretion of the professional role. School councelors and school social worker also have different opportunities in their preventive practical work to meet and manage absenteeism.

Syftet med studien är att undersöka skolkuratorers uppfattning om vad som kan hindra högstadieelever från att söka vidare stöd vid psykisk ohälsa. Författarna önskar även ta reda på vilka begränsningar i handlingsutrymmet skolkuratorer ser utifrån yrkesrollen att hjälpa högstadieelever vidare vid psykisk ohälsa. Studien har två frågeställningar, varav den första inkluderar vilka hinder skolkuratorer ser som bidrar till att högstadieelever inte söker vidare psykiatrisk vård vid psykisk ohälsa. Den andra frågeställningen berör vilka begränsningar den individuella skolkuratorn ser i att kunna påverka högstadieelevers vidare hjälpsökande vid psykisk ohälsa utifrån yrkesrollens handlingsutrymme. I studiens tidigare forskning fokuseras ungas egna upplevelser av hinder i hjälpsökande. Även empiri om genus, skolkuratorers och föräldrars uppfattningar om hinder i hjälpsökande samt tillgängligheten till barn- och ungdomspsykiatrin (BUP) har eftersökts utifrån frågeställningarna. Teoretiska utgångspunkter som studien valt att använda är ungdomars psykosociala identitet och skolkuratorers handlingsutrymme. Författarna har valt att använda sig av den kvalitativa metoden genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Studiens resultat indikerar att det finns diverse hinder som påverkar högstadieelever i vidare hjälpsökande vid psykisk ohälsa. Hinder som finns, enligt skolkuratorerna, är stigma, avslöjande, bristande självinsikt samt könsnormer. Hinder utifrån handlingsutrymme visar sig utgå från otydliga yrkesroller, anmälningsplikt och yttre faktorer som påverkar skolkuratorn i sitt arbete. / The purpose of the study is to investigate school counselors' perception of what can prevent middle school students from seeking further support in case of mental illness. The authors also wish to find out what limitations in the scope of action school counselors see based on the professional role of helping middle school students further in case of mental illness. The study has two questions, the first of which includes what obstacles school counselors see as contributing to middle school students not seeking further psychiatric care in case of mental illness. The second question concerns what limitations the individual school counselor sees in being able to influence middle school students' further help-seeking for mental illness based on the scope of action connected to the professional role. In the study's previous research, young people's own experiences of obstacles in seeking help are focused on. Empirical data on gender, school counselors' and parents' perceptions of obstacles in seeking help, and accessibility to child and youth psychiatry have also been sought based on the questions. Theoretical starting points that the study has chosen to use are young people's psychosocial identity and school counselors' scope of action. The authors have chosen to use the qualitative method through semi-structured interviews. The results of the study indicate that there are various obstacles that affect middle school students in further help-seeking for mental illness. Obstacles that exist, according to the school counselors, are stigma, disclosure, lack of self-awareness and gender norms. Obstacles based on scope of action turned out to be based on unclear professional roles, reporting obligations and external factors that affect the school counselors in their work.

No description available.

The aim of this essay is to study how school counselors describe and cope with the challenges of carrying the psychosocial assignment within school and what they need in order to be able to carry out their assignment. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews with school counselors and analyzed using thematic analysis and coping theory. Based on the school counselors' perspectives, the results demonstrate that the psychosocial assignment needs to include a holistic view of the pupil and that the core of the assignment is to work preventatively. The study identified challenges that school counselors face including high workload, lack of resources and a perspective which clashes with the pedagogical perspective, thus leaving the school counselors lonely in carrying their role. To deal with these challenges, school counselors use different coping strategies such as seeking support from colleagues and through external mentoring. To facilitate for the school counselors to carry out their assignment adequately, the study emphasizes the need for trust, legitimacy and discretion.

Syftet med den här studien har varit att bidra med ökad kunskap om hur skolkuratorer uppfattar möjligheter och hinder att uppmärksamma unga utsatta för våld i en parrelation och hur skolkuratorer beskriver de egna möjligheterna att stödja unga som är eller har varit utsatta för våld i en parrelation. Syftet har även varit att ge ökad kunskap om hur skolkuratorer samverkar med andra professionella kring våld i ungas parrelationer. För att kunna uppfylla studiens syfte har sex kvalitativa intervjuer med skolkuratorer som arbetar inom grundskolan och gymnasiet genomförts. Intervjuerna har analyserats med hjälp av tidigare forskning inom området och de teoretiska begreppen handlingsutrymme och samverkan. Studiens resultat visar att synlighet och tillgänglighet uppfattas vara viktiga faktorer för att kunna uppmärksamma unga utsatta för våld i en parrelation. Tidsutrymmet till aktiviteter där skolkuratorn är synlig och tillgänglig för elever uppfattas som en begränsande faktor för att uppmärksamma unga utsatta för partnervåld. Vidare visar studiens resultat att utformningen av stödjande handlingar till unga som är eller har varit utsatta för våld i en parrelation kan knytas till hur ramarna för det skolkurativa uppdraget uppfattas. Samverkan med andra professionella kring våld i ungas parrelationer framstår vara kontextbunden till skolan som skolkuratorn arbetar på och samverkan med socialtjänsten betraktas som möjlig i olika hög grad av olika skolkuratorer. / The purpose of this study has been to contribute to increased knowledge of how school counselors perceive possibilities and barriers to identify young people who have been subjected to intimate partner violence. The purpose has also been to provide increased knowledge on how school counselors collaborate with other professionals regarding youth intimate partner violence. In order to fulfill the purpose of the study, six qualitative interviews with school counselors have been conducted. The interviews have been analyzed with the help of previous research in the field and the theoretical concepts of discretion and collaboration. The study's results show that as a school counselor, being visible and accessible to students is understood to increase the possibilities to identify young people subjected to intimate partner violence. The time available for activities where the school counselor is visible and accessible to students is perceived as a barrier to identifying young people subjected to intimate partner violence. Further, the study's results show that the design of supportive actions for young people who are or have been subjected to intimate partner violence. can be linked to what is within the framework of the school health mission. Collaboration with other professionals regarding youth intimate partner violence appears be context-bound to the school where the school counselor works, and collaboration with social services is considered possible to varying degrees by different school counselors.