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Esta pesquisa analisa e compara modelos atuais de organização de escolas voltadas para atender exclusivamente jovens e adultos com baixa escolaridade. Para isso, recorreu-se à modalidade de pesquisa qualitativa, conhecida como estudo de casos múltiplos. A pesquisa emergiu da constatação de que apesar dos avanços no plano legal e nas políticas educacionais das últimas décadas, persiste, no Brasil, uma expressiva demanda potencial para a Educação de Pessoas Jovens e Adultos (EPJA), posta à margem pelo sistema público de ensino, além do declínio no número de matrículas e de persistirem os altos índices de abandono dos estudantes desta modalidade. A tese sustenta que um dos principais motivos para tal paradoxo é a rigidez da organização escolar que dificulta o atendimento da diversidade presente na EPJA e a persistência do paradigma da educação compensatória, que sustenta práticas pouco condizentes com o perfil do público jovem e adulto. Com base em evidências de pesquisas anteriores, a investigação opera com a hipótese de que escolas organizadas para atender exclusivamente a EPJA respondem de modo mais apropriado às necessidades e condições de aprendizagem deste grupo social e geracional, ao invés dos cursos noturnos oferecidos em escolas organizadas para atender prioritariamente crianças e adolescentes. Para verificar tal hipótese, o estudo foi desenvolvido em três centros públicos: o Centro Integrado de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (CIEJA) Marlúcia Gonçalves de Abreu, localizado na Zona Leste da cidade de São Paulo; o Centro Municipal de Ensino Fundamental e Educação de Jovens e Adultos (CEMEFEJA) Paulo Freire, situado no centro da cidade de Campinas, e a Escola de Adultos La Verneda-Sant Martí, localizada no bairro Sant Martí, em Barcelona, Espanha. Os estudos de caso seguiram um protocolo comum a partir do qual foram levantados os seguintes aspectos em cada uma das instituições: perfil socioeconômico e cultural dos educandos; perfil dos educadores em relação às condições de trabalho e oportunidades de formação continuada; as instalações físicas; a assistência aos estudantes; o currículo e as propostas pedagógicas; a flexibilidade da organização dos tempos e espaços de aprendizagem; a gestão escolar; o comportamento das matrículas, o fluxo e o rendimento escolar, bem como os índices de certificação. O estudo revelou que o fato de estarem focados nas questões que circundam as especificidades da EJA favorece a flexibilidade para atender de modo mais satisfatório as necessidades e possibilidades deste público de acessar e permanecer na escola, o que não impede que algumas práticas pedagógicas e de gestão recaiam no paradigma da educação compensatória, sobretudo nos casos do CIEJA e do CEMEFEJA, com exceção feita à Escola de Adultos La Verneda-Sant Martí, pois ela se aproxima da concepção de educação permanente, ao longo da vida, em perspectiva crítica, sobretudo em relação à gestão, realizada por duas associações dirigidas por estudantes, com participação paritária de toda a comunidade escolar e do entorno. / The research analyses and compares current organization models of schools dedicated exclusively to the attend of young people and adults with low schooling. This research came from the observation that despite advances in the legal and educational policies of the last decades, there remains a huge potential demand for Youth and Adult Education (EJA - Educação de Jovens e Adultos -), which is not being covered by the public school system, in contrast , there has been a decline in the number of enrollments and the high dropout rates of students of this modality persist. The thesis argues that one of the main reasons for this paradox is the rigidity of school organization which makes it difficult to attend to the diversity present in the EJA and the persistence of the compensatory education paradigm, which supports practices that are inconsistent with the profile of young and adult public. Based on evidence from previous researches, this research works with the hypothesis that schools that are organized to attend exclusively the EJA respond more appropriately to the needs and learning conditions of this social and generational group than the evening courses offered in schools that are organized to attend primarily children and adolescents. To verify this hypothesis, the study was developed in three public centers: the Integrated Center for Youth and Adult Education (CIEJA - Centro Integrado de Educação de Jovens e Adultos) Marlúcia Gonçalves de Abreu, located in the East Zone of the city of São Paulo; the Municipal Center of Elementary Education and Youth and Adult Education (CEMEFEJA - Centro Municipal de Ensino Fundamental e Educação de Jovens e Adultos) Paulo Freire, located in the center of the city of Campinas and the La Verneda-Sant Martí Adult School, located in the Sant Martí neighborhood in Barcelona, Spain. The case studies followed a common protocol from which the following aspects were raised in each of the institutions: the students\' socioeconomic and cultural profile; the teachers\' profile regarding working conditions and opportunities for continuing education; the physical facilities; the student assistance; the curriculum and pedagogical proposals; the flexibility of the organization of learning times and spaces; the school management; the enrollments behavior, school flow and achievement, as well as certification rates. The study revealed that the fact that they are focused on the issues that surround the specificities of the EJA favors the flexibility to meet in a more satisfactory way the needs and possibilities of this public to access education and to remain in school, which does not prevent some pedagogical and management practices from falling into the compensatory education paradigm, especially in the cases of CIEJA and CEMEFEJA. Exception made to the La Verneda-Sant Martí Adult School which approaches the concept of lifelong education in a critical-emancipatory perspective, especially in relation to management, which is carried out by two student-led associations, with equal participation of the entire school community and the surrounding community.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jocinete das Gracas Figueiredo.pdf: 2704011 bytes, checksum: 071fb78e1ebfd1ab1b0b98aaf0bb5cb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-05 / Much has been set over the discussions on the curricular innovations and the new way to manager them in the school, but some aspects of educational policies such as school time and rhythm and what it has to do with the quality of that time created so many lacks. We have noticed some unanswered questions as how much their practice in the desired formation go to the encounter of such reorganizations. Thus, the present essay has the objective of investigating the educational policy as an innovative reform created as Innovative reform to alter school time in Mato Grosso State in the last decade. By observing subjects students school and time rhythm of the/in the school to describe how such time influences learning from the human conception formation and the proposal integral in the middle school teaching curriculum. The conduction of the study was qualitative approach, by getting the critical analyses to apprehend the data. It was used literature revision and field research in a Cáceres city school. The strategies were documental analyses, observations and semi structured interviews to the middle school teachers. We expect to contribute on the current school timing discussions, as the research allows us to describe how such curricular innovations occur on a daily basis, as well as to observe the way those innovations are not effectively building up a more human school time. To end up, we may comprehend that some aspects of school culture attain homogenized functions and have to be continuously revisited to attend individual rhythm. To alter or to extend the school time by itself is not a guarantee of quality leaps in teaching system. Besides, there are other school practice aspects which need to be more observed such as the parental participation in the students lives during their time in school; the collective effective work; teachers capabilities and formation and the comprehension of principles and conceptions of the policy education (planning, methodology, and evaluation) from the school community, that certainly lock the effectiveness of the policies in the school environment. It has been observed that time dedicated to school activities, especially four hours daily, are not sufficient to develop the expected quality on the agenda, but, it has been that on a daily basis, that that time needs to be reorganized in the school context, by the ones in their daily routine, because there is no qualitative improvement of that time to effective the formation also qualitative of the subject of the educational process / Discussões sobre as inovações curriculares e suas novas maneiras de operar na escola avançaram, apesar disso, alguns aspectos das políticas educacionais, como a questão do tempo e ritmo escolar e o que se relaciona com a qualidade desse tempo têm deixado muitas lacunas. Percebem-se indagações quanto à sua prática na formação desejada que norteie tais reorganizações. Assim, a presente tese tem como objetivo investigar a política educacional instituída como reforma inovadora de alterações do tempo escolar no Estado de Mato Grosso na última década, observando os tempos e ritmos escolares dos sujeitos estudantes da/na escola, para descrever como esse tempo influencia a aprendizagem a partir da concepção da formação humana e integral proposta no currículo do ensino fundamental. O estudo foi encaminhado por meio da abordagem qualitativa, valendo-se da análise crítica para a interpretação dos dados. Foi utilizada revisão da literatura e pesquisa de campo em uma escola do município de Cáceres. As estratégias foram análise documental, observações e entrevistas semiestruturadas direcionadas aos professores do ensino fundamental. Espera-se contribuir na discussão dos tempos escolares vigentes, pois a pesquisa permitiu descrever como tais inovações curriculares ocorrem na prática cotidiana, assim como observar de que maneira tais inovações não estão construindo efetivamente tempos escolares mais humanos. Ao final, pode-se compreender que alguns aspectos na cultura escolar cultivam funções homogeneizadoras e precisam ser continuamente revistas e urgentemente reconstruídas para atender os ritmos individuais. Alterar ou estender o tempo escolar por si só não é garantia de saltos de qualidade no ensino, além disso, há outros aspectos das práticas escolares que precisam ser mais observados como a questão da participação dos pais na vida escolar; o trabalho coletivo efetivo; a formação dos professores e a compreensão dos princípios e da concepção de educação das políticas (planejamento, metodologia, e avaliação) por parte da comunidade escolar, que certamente emperram a efetivação das políticas no âmbito escolar. Evidenciou-se que o tempo destinado às atividades escolares, especialmente às quatro horas diárias, não é suficiente para desenvolver a qualidade esposada na política em pauta, porém, ficou evidente que, no cotidiano, esse tempo precisa ser reorganizado em cada contexto escolar por seus atores em seus espaços diários, pois não há o aproveitamento qualitativo desse tempo para efetivar a formação também qualitativa do sujeito do processo educacional

Appuyée sur une enquête ethnographique d’orientation sociologique dans sept écoles primaires parisiennes socialement contrastées, cette thèse s’efforce d’expliquer la permanence du phénomène de reproduction sociale malgré les profondes transformations intervenues dans l’école primaire depuis les années 1960. L’école est en effet désormais « ouverte » à des activités diverses encadrées par des acteurs variés porteurs de logiques parfois divergentes. Pour soutenir l’analyse, la notion de « curriculum transparent » est introduite, qui désigne la façon dont cette école mosaïque attend des enfants qu’ils interprètent les prescriptions pour les transformer en activité. Il est alors possible de souligner la place centrale que deux opérations occupent. La première est la synthèse d’expériences hétérogènes qui permet aux enfants de tirer des enseignements de l’activité réalisée dans des contextes très différents. La seconde consiste en la traduction d’une logique en une autre et rend le dialogue entre ces différentes activités possible. Certains enfants parviennent ainsi à percevoir l’ancrage disciplinaire de projets thématiques ou les apprentissages que recèlent les activités ludiques, générant une solidarité qui donne sens à la division du travail scolaire. Mais d’autres cloisonnent les différentes logiques, tendent à privilégier en classe les tâches sur l’activité et ne semblent envisager aucun bénéfice scolaire des activités réalisées en dehors de la classe. Le portrait est alors esquissé d’une école qui, malgré la volonté officielle affichée, renonce à « affilier » une partie des enfants, entretenant le risque contemporain de délitement de la cohésion sociale. / This thesis is based on a sociological survey with an ethnological methodology carried out within a sample of seven Parisian primary schools socially diversified. It aims at explaining the persistence of a social reproduction scheme in spite of numerous changes that occurred in primary schools since the 50’s. School is indeed now « open » to heterogeneous activities taken in charge by various stakeholders sometimes led by different logics. The concept of “transparent curriculum” is brought up to sustain the analysis. It refers to the way this “mosaic school” expects children to convert the prescriptions into activities. At this point, two processes are at stake: first is the synthesis of heterogeneous experiences that allows children to take benefit of an activity performed within very different contexts. Other consists in translating one logic into another, thus enabling the comparison between these activities. On the one hand, some children manage to perceive the discipline’s roots of thematic projects or the hidden knowledge at work in recreational activities, thus generating a “solidarity” that makes sense in the school division of work. On the other hand, other children keep the different logics apart, tending to focus, in the classroom, on tasks rather than on activities and acting as if there were no scholar benefit to be taken from the activities outside the classroom. The thesis thus gives a picture of a school which, in spite of its official will, gives up with part of the children, keeping up the contemporary risk of a social cohesion breakdown.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:34:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Virginia.pdf: 3112114 bytes, checksum: 541eeeb7b9eb7c3c5f3fe6f38245b996 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-11-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work presents the results of a research that investigated and tried to analyze nuances between the prescribed and the lived (experienced) in relation to the time construction and organization in distant schools of Florianópolis, in the period between 1930 and 1940. Based on the analysis of the local repercussion of texts which establish changes in education in Santa Catarina state as well as on exstudents and teachers memories, it is tried to identify movements of discontinuity and persistency about the time concepts presented in documents and memory. Focus is given to the dialog among authors of history and education historiography, specially the ones related to cultural history, which conceptual similarities and particularities are of great importance for the present research. In order to investigate education history matters in Santa Catarina, studies produced on the 90 s by many pos-graduation courses were strongly considered, specially the program of UDESC Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina. Studies produced by UFSC Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina were considered as well. It is important to say that the introduction of school time as a constitutive element of school culture is recent; that these studies are more intensively produced in foreign countries; and that they are going to be adopted as a reference to this research whenever it is possible. In relation to the subject development, time architecture is understood from the perspective of Vinão Frago (1998), which states that the social construction is historically built by culture and by people who make it; being the school time affected by many other social times. Another analysis perspective is the one stated by Rita Gallego (2003), which emphasizes that children suffer a radical change in rhythm, time and also by the introduction of living and working rules when they start at school. According to the author, the ideas about time are not innate nor naturally elaborate, but a result of a socialization process. That is, the time is something learned and apprehended by individuals and by social groups which turns into rules and behavior to be passed and lived following determined ways. With regard with the research sources and procedures, the option was for the analysis of the educational legislation in Santa Catarina. It is considered that those documents can evidence signs between the prescribed and ruled by legislators and what was incorporate by school and by its users in distant schools. Another source of the evidences and repercussions of this ideário in the searched territory is the Manifesto of the Pioneers of the New Education / Este trabalho apresenta os resultados da pesquisa com que se investigou e procurou analisar nuances entre o prescrito e o vivido no que concerne à construção e organização do tempo em escolas isoladas do município de Florianópolis, no período compreendido entre 1930 e 1940. Com base na análise da repercussão local dos textos que estabelecem as reformas de ensino no estado, bem como nas lembranças de ex-alunos/as e professores/as, o trabalho visa a identificar movimentos de descontinuidades e persistências do conceito de tempo presentes na memória e nos documentos. Privilegia o diálogo com diferentes autores do campo da história e da historiografia da educação; mais especificamente, os relacionados à história cultural. Para explorar questões afetas à história da educação catarinense, incursiona pelos estudos produzidos a partir da década de 1990 em diversos programas de pós-graduação, especialmente o Programa da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, além dos estudos produzidos na própria universidade. É preciso considerar que reflexões sobre o tema, além de recentes, são mais freqüentes no âmbito internacional do que nacional. Sempre que possível, serão adotadas como referência. Em relação ao desenvolvimento da temática, foi adotada a perspectiva de Vinão Frago (1998), que concebe a arquitetura temporal como uma construção social permeada pela cultura e pelos sujeitos que a produzem. Outra perspectiva de análise utilizada é a de Rita Galllego (2003), que assinala que a criança, ao entrar na escola, sofre uma alteração brutal de ritmos, horários e regras minuciosas de trabalho e convivência. Para a autora, o tempo, como algo aprendido, internalizado pelos indivíduos e grupos sociais, transforma-se em normas e condutas a serem transmitidas e vivenciadas de determinadas maneiras. Com referência a fontes e procedimentos de pesquisa, optou-se pela legislação educacional do estado de Santa Catarina. Considera-se que tais documentos podem evidenciar marcas entre o que foi prescrito e normatizado pelos legisladores e o que foi incorporado/apropriado pela escola e seus usuários em escolas isoladas. Outra fonte das evidências e repercussões deste ideário no território pesquisado é o Manifesto dos Pioneiros da Educação Nova

nÃo hà / Esta pesquisa investiga a educaÃÃo integral do Programa Mais EducaÃÃo â PME, a partir de um estudo de caso realizado na EMEIF Herbert de Souza, uma das primeiras escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Fortaleza a participar do PME, que foi instituÃdo pela Portaria Normativa Interministerial n 17 de 24 de abril de 2007. A EMEIF Herbert de Souza localiza-se no Bom Jardim, bairro de grande vulnerabilidade social da periferia da capital cearense, e desenvolveu, no Ãmbito do PME, vÃrias aÃÃes, no perÃodo de 2008 a 2012, que contribuÃram para a melhoria da educaÃÃo oferecida à comunidade. O objetivo principal dessa pesquisa à analisar o processo de implantaÃÃo e implementaÃÃo do PME na EMEIF Herbert de Souza. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliogrÃfica para entender os caminhos da educaÃÃo integral â propostas e realizaÃÃes â os quais se materializam no PME, que se insere no contexto das polÃticas educacionais pÃblicas recentes. Empreendeu-se, tambÃm, um estudo de registros referentes ao PME na EMEIF Herbert de Souza: documentos pedagÃgicos, relatÃrios do Programa, experiÃncias vivenciadas nas oficinas pedagÃgicas, relatos de sujeitos que participaram do processo e das minhas lembranÃas, na qualidade de vice-diretora dessa Escola. à luz desses conjuntos de contribuiÃÃes, foram analisados os conceitos de tempo, espaÃo e currÃculo escolares e as concepÃÃes que dessas dimensÃes emergiram, a partir da perspectiva dos atores pedagÃgicos envolvidos na implantaÃÃo e implementaÃÃo do PME na EMEIF Herbert de Souza. Constatou-se, ao final dessa investigaÃÃo, que o PME proporcionou a divulgaÃÃo do conceito de educaÃÃo integral em jornada ampliada na escola, por meio da realizaÃÃo de atividades socioeducativas no contraturno escolar, materializadas no espaÃo escolar e em outros espaÃos, conforme a concepÃÃo de territÃrios educativos difundida pelo PME. Espera-se que os resultados desta investigaÃÃo contribuam para a continuidade do debate sobre a educaÃÃo integral no Brasil e inspirem outros estudos sobre esse tema, merecedor de divulgaÃÃo, implantaÃÃo e ampliaÃÃo. / This research has as its central theme the comprehensive education and aims to understand the concept of integral education present the principles of Programa Mais EducaÃÃo - PME established by Normative Interministerial n 17 of April 24, 2007, from a study of event held at EMEIF Herbert de Souza, one of the first schools in the municipal schools from Fortaleza to participate in the Program. Located in a neighborhood of high social vulnerability on the outskirts of the capital of CearÃ, the EMEIF Herbert de Souza stood out as a relevant proposal for deployment by PME set of actions developed over the years that have contributed to improving the education provided to the community Bom Jardim neighborhood . Thus, I present the main objective to analyze the deployment process and implementation of the PME in this school unit from the study of educational documents, reports Program, records of experiences in teaching workshops, the reports of the subjects who participated in the process and contribute my experience as vice - principal of the school. This study is justified by the importance that the subject of comprehensive education has gained in the context of recent public education policy with consequent need for deeper on the subject. To achieve the proposed objectives, we conducted a literature search , which backed the considerations of the paths of integral education under the laws underlying the PME, the historical path that contributed to the construction of the proposed comprehensive education in Brazil. From the documentary studies and records impressions of the subject generated by the questionnaires, the concepts of time, space and school curriculum and the concepts which these dimensions emerged from the perspective of educational stakeholders have been analyzed in the process of implementing the SME in EMEIF Herbert de Souza. Observed at the end of this study that the program provided the dissemination of the concept of integral education in the school expanded through the realization of socio-educational activities after school, performed at school and in other spaces journey, as the design of educational territories scattered by PME. We believe that the ideas presented will contribute to the continuing debate on the issue and to raise other studies as a means to expand and promote the concept of the integral education in Brazil.

Orientador: Jose Roberto Rus Perez / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T05:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Parente_ClaudiadaMotaDaros_D.pdf: 670031 bytes, checksum: 00f8f65a548d520369028dbe858d4d91 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O presente estudo analisa as diferentes interfaces dos tempos escolares, buscando desvendar algumas possibilidades e alternativas que emergem no seu processo de construção. A análise das categorias temporais considerou, dentre os principais elementos, sua construção sócio-histórica e cultural, defendendo que os tempos escolares são construções realizadas, historicamente, por sujeitos e contextos específicos. Com base nisso, o estudo recorreu à análise das organizações temporais efetivadas no âmbito da política educacional formulada e implementada pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Belo Horizonte e consolidada na Proposta Escola Plural, identificando as possibilidades e alternativas temporais construídas pelas escolas municipais. A partir disso, o estudo demonstra a viabilidade da disseminação de experiências plurais de organização dos tempos escolares, que tenham como foco os sujeitos da educação e seus tempos de vida / Abstract: This study aims at analyzing the different interfaces of school times, by trying to reveal some possibilities and alternative ways which come into view in their building process. The analysis of time categories took into consideration, among the main elements, their socialhistoric-cultural construction, by advocating that school times are constructions historically carried out by specific individuals and contexts. Considering this, the study analyzed the time organizations carried out under the educational policy formulated and implemented by the Education Department of the Municipality of Belo Horizonte and consolidated in the ¿Proposta Escola Plural¿ (¿Plural School Proposal¿), by identifying the possibilities and alternative ways constructed in the context of municipal schools. From this analysis, the study points out the feasibility of broadcasting plural experiences of organization of school times, with focus on the subjects of education and their life times / Doutorado / Politicas de Educação e Sistemas Educativos / Doutor em Educação

This work presents a study on full-time Education based on an analysis of the Programa Mais Educação (PMEd). The aim of this work is to analyze the impacts of public policy of expansion of the school time at the public elementary and junior high schools in Araguatins, Tocantins State, to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposal for the involved students at the studied schools. The full-time school program must complement the part-time school program in order to proportionate a full-time education to the students, providing them significant space and time and not just the same space and time that they had at the part-time school. In this perspective the problem to be investigated is presented: How the amplification of school time, through PMEd in public schools in Araguatins offers conditions to the effectiveness of a full-time education? From this question on we have define the general aim of this study: To analyze the impacts of the expansion of the school time at the elementary and junior high public schools of Araguatins, Tocantins State. The methodology is based on a study case in 4 elementary and junior high schools (two City schools and two State schools) in Araguatins. As research instruments we used documental research, questionnaires (for 24 teachers of the cited schools), semi-structured interviews (principals, pedagogic coordinators and Mais Educação program coordinators) and participant observations. For data analysis we have chosen content analysis. Through information from the researched professionals, we noticed that they recognize the importance of the expansion of school time and space for the students, as well as the educational support, diversified activities, parent support and local community partnership. However, there is yet a lot to learn to make that the full-time school promote a full-time education. We have verified that moments of continuing education for all the schools employees are fundamental. In this way, it is necessary to rethink the implementation of the real full-time school, with possibilities to discuss about this subject, in a way to satisfy the wants and the needs of the professionals, the students and the parents, therefore, to prepare critical and reflective citizens. / Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a Educação em tempo integral por meio de uma reflexão do Programa Mais Educação (PMEd). Teve como objetivo analisar os impactos da política de ampliação do tempo escolar nas escolas da rede pública de ensino fundamental no Município de Araguatins/TO, a fim de avaliar a efetividade da proposta para os alunos atendidos nas escolas pesquisadas. A escola em tempo integral deve complementar a escola em tempo parcial, a fim de proporcionar a educação integral do educando, oferecendo-lhe espaços e tempos significativos e não mais tempo do mesmo tempo. Nesta perspectiva configura-se o problema de pesquisa a ser investigado: De que forma a ampliação do tempo escolar através do PMEd na rede pública de ensino de Araguatins oferece subsídios para a efetivação de uma educação integral? A partir desse questionamento definiu-se o objetivo geral deste projeto: Analisar os impactos da política de ampliação do tempo escolar nas escolas da rede pública de Ensino fundamental no Município de Araguatins/TO. A metodologia utilizada baseou-se em estudo de caso em 4 escolas de ensino fundamental ( duas da rede municipal e duas da rede estadual) do município de Araguatins. Como instrumentos, utilizou-se pesquisa documental, questionários (para 24 professores das referidas escolas), entrevistas semiestruturadas (diretores, coordenadores pedagógicos e coordenadores do Programa mais Educação) e observação participante. Para análise de dados optou-se pela análise de conteúdo. Através das informações dos profissionais pesquisados, percebe-se que estes reconhecem a importância da ampliação de tempos e espaços escolares para os alunos, assim como o acompanhamento pedagógico, atividades diversificadas, pais mais presentes e parcerias da comunidade local, porém ainda há muito a aprenderem de modo a fazer com que uma escola de tempo integral, promova, como uma educação integral. Verificou-se que é fundamental momentos de formação continuada para todos os servidores das escolas. Dessa forma, é necessário repensar a construção da escola de tempo integral de fato, possibilitando uma ampla reflexão sobre o assunto, de forma a atender aos anseios e as necessidades dos profissionais, alunos e pais, formando cidadãos críticos e reflexivos.

Out-of-school time (OST) programs are under increasing pressure to improve student achievement. However, OST program administrators face a number of challenges to improving program effectiveness including inconsistent student participation, inexperienced staff members, and a lack of high-quality professional development. OST program administrators can address these challenges by implementing staff development practices that encourage the use of effective instructional strategies. Specific praise is a simple and effective instructional strategy that has been linked to improved student engagement, enhanced academic achievement, and stronger student-teacher relationships. Unfortunately, there have been very few studies examining the effects of interventions designed to increase OST staff members’ use of specific praise. One staff development strategy that could be both feasible and effective is the use of self-management. Although there are a variety of approaches to self-management designed for teachers, not all self-management strategies are effective. One strategy that might increase the feasibility and effectiveness of self-management programs is the use of student feedback. The process of comparing self-evaluations against a third-party standard such as student feedback is called matching in the self-management literature. Students can be a useful source of feedback because they observe their teachers frequently and can report the use of instructional strategies like specific praise. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a self-management procedure using student feedback on OST staff members’ use of specific praise. A multiple-baseline design across participants was used to examine the effects of the intervention on specific praise rates. All participants increased their use of specific praise after implementing the self-management procedures. General praise rates became more variable throughout the study. These findings provide evidence for a functional effect on specific praise but not for general praise. Teachers reported high levels of satisfaction with the feasibility and effectiveness of the intervention. A statistically significant correlation was found between specific praise rates and student reports of specific praise.

L'étude présente une recherche portant sur les rythmes scolaires par une évaluation chronopsychologique des modalités organisationnelles du temps scolaire à l'école algérienne, elle compare entre la double et la simple vacation chez les enfants âgés de 11 à 12 ans. Les résultats obtenus dans cette recherche dégagent l'influence du type de modalité proposée-imposée sur les facteurs physiologiques et psychologiques des élèves algériens. Les résultats indiquent que sur le plan journalier et hebdomadaire les performances attentionnelles des enfants scolarisés en double vacation présentent une rythmicité classique qui témoigne d'une relative adaptation de cet emploi du temps aux rythmes de vie de l'enfant. En ce qui concerne l'étude des comportements, on conclue que les deux élèves scolarisés en double vacation s'adaptent mieux à la situation scolaire au cours de la journée scolaire. Par contre au cours de la semaine scolaire, c'est les deux élèves scolarisés en simple vacation qui semblent mieux s'adapter à la situation scolaire. Quelle que soit la modalité du temps scolaire simple vacation ou double vacation et quelle que soit l'heure d'entrée des enfants des deux sites, cela ne génère pas de perturbations du rythme veille sommeil ; les enfants des deux sites dorment plus que la moyenne établie par les recherches chronopsychologiques. Par contre, l'effet de la coupure de la demi-journée au cours de la semaine scolaire n'est pas bénéfique pour les élèves de la double vacation contrairement aux élèves de la simple vacation. La coupure du week-end permet de compenser la fatigue liée à la fin de la semaine chez les enfants des deux sites. En ce qui concerne les activités extra-scolaires, on ne peut que constater la similitude des deux modalités proposée-imposée aux enfants algériens simple vacation ou double vacation en matière d'organisation des temps extra-scolaires. / The purpose of this study is to make a chrono-psychological assessment of the type of time organization applied in Algerian schools. Comparison was made between the single and double vacation types of school timing organization based on a sample of pupils aged between 11 and 12 years. The results of the study highlight the physiological and psychological impact of the two types of school vacation on Algerian pupils. Furthermore the daily and weekly attention levels of pupils in the double vacation type of organization indicate that this type of time organization is well suited for Algerian pupils who seem well adapted to their school timing. With regard to the behavior of the two children observed during the study it was found that those in the double vacation type were better adapted to daily school life compared to their peers in the single type of vacation. However during the week it is the pupils in the single vacation type who showed a better level of adaptation. The results also indicate that regardless of the type of time organization and the time of school entrance the subjects showed no troubles with regard to time of sleeping or awaking: Pupils from the two types of time organization slept more than the average time indicated by chrono-psychological research. However it was also shown that the brake taken tuesday afternoon by pupils from the double vacation type - unlike their peers in the single vacation type- had no positive effects, but the brake taken in the weekend by all pupils regardless of the type of vacation was useful for since it enabled them to take a rest and overcome their fatigue. With regard to extra- curricular school activities they clearly appear to be the same for all pupils.