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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Indigenous Reunification In Child Welfare: A Scoping Review

Michell, Teresa January 2021 (has links)
This thesis looks at the process of reunification for Indigenous children following a time in the care of the child welfare system. To understand what has been studied in the area of reunification of Indigenous children back to their families, a scoping review process is undertaken to gathering and mapping the available research. The initial search produced a total of 1823 abstracts. After applying an inclusion and exclusion reviewing process, the scoping review resulted in a total of 44 literature sources for this study. This study uses Cindy Blackstock’s Breath of Life Theory as the theoretical framework to understand and reimagine the process of reunification from the perspective of the child, the family, the worker, and substitute caregiver. The review found support for the idea that research and programs relating to reunification for Indigenous children needs to use Indigenous methods and ways of thinking. Five themes emerged from this review, the use of Indigenous ways of knowing, this theme is central throughout the literature and informs the other four themes: structural vs. individual assessment/intervention, trauma/reconciliation, connections/relationships, and Indigenous research. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)
42

Post-harvest Interventions and Food Safety of Leafy Green Vegetables

Ilic, Sanja 19 October 2011 (has links)
No description available.
43

The privacy implications of social robots: Scoping review and expert interviews

Lutz, Christoph, Schöttler, Maren, Hoffmann, Christian Pieter 28 March 2023 (has links)
In this contribution, we investigate the privacy implications of social robots as an emerging mobile technology. Drawing on a scoping literature review and expert interviews, we show how social robots come with privacy implications that go beyond those of established mobile technology. Social robots challenge not only users’ informational privacy but also affect their physical, psychological, and social privacy due to their autonomy and potential for social bonding. These distinctive privacy challenges require study from varied theoretical perspectives, with contextual privacy and human–machine communication emerging as particularly fruitful lenses. Findings also point to an increasing focus on technological privacy solutions, complementing an evolving legal landscape as well as a strengthening of user agency and literacy.
44

Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: Barriers Faced by Women Living in Slums in North India, A Scoping Review

Bhargava, Vibhu January 2022 (has links)
Background: A significant amount of research has previously been conducted in developing countries such as India, to improve women’s sexual and reproductive health. However, women living in North Indian slums still have poor access to proper sexual and reproductive healthcare. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the published literature to create a consolidated understanding of the key barriers faced by women in slum populations when accessing sexual and reproductive health services in Northern India. Methods: A scoping review was carried out following the five stages outlined in Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. Five online databases (MEDLINE, Global Health, Ovid Emcare, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched. An interpretive thematic analysis was conducted to extract meaningful themes from the data using the Conceptual Framework for Reproductive Empowerment developed by the International Center for Research on Women Results: In total, 28 articles were identified to be incorporated into the scoping review. The results of this study were grouped according to the CFFRE to understand how they compared in regard to women’s reproductive empowerment. This scoping review found reproductive empowerment was significantly hindered by women lacking a proper education and understanding of SRH services, lack of employment and financial resources. Additionally, women’s husbands and mothers-in-laws were barriers to contraceptive use. Finally, poor interactions with healthcare providers and the healthcare system, and systemic factors such as behaviours in treatment seeking, son preference and religion were barriers to accessing SRH services. Conclusion: This scoping review investigated the barriers faced by women living in slum populations in Northern India to accessing SRH services. The results of this study contribute to the literature by identifying areas that require improvement to SRH services for women living in slums, and will be integral to implementing strategies and interventions to allow better access to SRH services in the future. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / A significant amount of research has previously been conducted in India, to improve women’s sexual and reproductive health. However, women living in North Indian slums still have poor access to proper sexual and reproductive healthcare. Therefore, this study investigated the key barriers faced by women in slum populations when accessing sexual and reproductive health services in Northern India. A review of previous studies was conducted by searching five electronic databases and a total 28 articles were included into the review. This study found that women lacking a proper education and understanding of SRH services, lack of employment and financial resources, and women’s husbands and mothers-in-laws were barriers to SRH services. Finally, poor interactions with healthcare providers and the healthcare system, and systemic factors such as behaviours in treatment seeking, son preference, and religion were also barriers to accessing SRH services.
45

Studying Design Reasoning in Problem Framing Using the Design Reasoning Quadrants Framework

Jenny Patricia Quintana (13150056) 27 July 2022 (has links)
<p>Problem framing is an essential stage in engineering design mainly because it is crucial in developing solutions to design problems. Engineers’ ability to frame a problem is naturally attributed to their reasoning abilities and expertise. Traditionally, our understanding of the type of reasoning is originated from cognitive sciences, sociology, and psychological theories of reasoning. Design reasoning models developed from these disciplines contributed significantly to understanding design reasoning. However, a different standpoint for understanding specialized form of knowledge and reasoning that are unique to engineering practices is needed.</p> <p>An important contribution of this dissertation to the body of research is its use of a new theoretical model, Design Reasoning Quadrants, developed to help organize types of design reasoning at the intersection of two axes, the disciplinary-multidisciplinary reasoning axis and theoretical-practical reasoning axis. Further, this dissertation uses the Design Reasoning Quadrants framework to understand first-year engineering students' reasoning while framing design problems. Prior research stated that it is necessary to elicit the forms of reasoning beginner students have while dealing with design problems, to improve problem-solving abilities. Therefore, this dissertation addresses the need to understand first-year engineering students' reasoning, while engaging in problem framing using four design reasoning quadrants: experiential observations, first principles, trade-offs, and complex abstractions.</p> <p>This dissertation examined changes in first-year engineering students’ design reasoning during problem framing across two different design projects students explored within a semester in an engineering course. The main data sources were answers to a questionnaire students completed in the first and final design project as the first-in-lecture activity for problem framing. Students answered each questionnaire individually. The analysis took place in two stages. </p> <p>First, a deductive analysis was conducted to identify types of reasoning in students’ formulated questions to understand a problem. Using a multinomial logit model and descriptive statistics, differences in the theoretical-practical and disciplinary-multidisciplinary reasoning through the time were identified. Second, students’ answers to the design reasoning quadrants’ questions were analyzed deductively and inductively. This analysis aimed to identify students’ design reasoning patterns when elicited in one of the four design reasoning quadrants.</p> <p>The results of the deductive analysis indicated that regardless of the design project, student reasoning in terms of the theoretical-practical reasoning is not significantly different between the two time points. However, students’ reasoning was more heavily disciplinary-focused in the second project and more multidisciplinary in the first design project. The results of the inductive analysis helped further explain this result. This analysis revealed that students were more familiar with the context and disciplinary concepts for the first rather than for the second design project.</p> <p>The results of this dissertation and framework can help researchers further understand how students reason from the perspective of the nature of engineering. In addition, understanding the type of reasoning students use while framing a problem will allow educators to understand the reasoning beginner students employ while framing a problem and to develop better learning experiences to enhance problem-solving skills.</p>
46

SUPPORT FEATURES FOR ONLINE COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY INTERVENTIONS FOR ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS: A SCOPING REVIEW

Zaidalkilani, Mohammad January 2017 (has links)
Adolescent and young Canadians are a group with the highest rates of symptoms of anxiety and depression. Such conditions, when unaddressed, negatively impact the development of a person, restricting their chances of attaining a fulfilling future and career. Even when deciding to reach out to access care, the process can be a challenging one with many barriers along the way. Online therapies in the form of online Cognitive Behavioural Therapies, have shown to be a promising format for some, but have faced some shortcomings with low uptake and variable results. Adding guidance and support to such therapies has been shown to help address these barriers. The objective of this research is to explore how support is currently provided for online cognitive behaviour therapies for anxiety and depression, targeting adolescents and young adults. To achieve this objective a scoping review methodology was utilized to identify relevant articles. The approach taken in a scoping review methodology allows for identification of a wide range of articles, which was necessary in this case because research isolating support features from other interventions is very limited. The scoping review identified fifty articles to be reviewed, and they were analyzed using a framework created for this review. The framework covered human, delivery, and design factors. Consultations with five key informants was also used to identify more findings related to the themes identified in the framework and to complement the findings from the articles in the scoping review. The resulting picture identified the field of support for online CBT for anxiety and depression in adolescents and young adults, covering a field with a great diversity ranging from virtual guides to face-to-face support from therapists. The features were organized into groups of ‘toolkits’ that can be considered by CBT developers for different situations and needs. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)
47

Improved Methods for Interrupted Time Series Analysis Useful When Outcomes are Aggregated: Accounting for heterogeneity across patients and healthcare settings

Ewusie, Joycelyne E January 2019 (has links)
This is a sandwich thesis / In an interrupted time series (ITS) design, data are collected at multiple time points before and after the implementation of an intervention or program to investigate the effect of the intervention on an outcome of interest. ITS design is often implemented in healthcare settings and is considered the strongest quasi-experimental design in terms of internal and external validity as well as its ability to establish causal relationships. There are several statistical methods that can be used to analyze data from ITS studies. Nevertheless, limitations exist in practical applications, where researchers inappropriately apply the methods, and frequently ignore the assumptions and factors that may influence the optimality of the statistical analysis. Moreover, there is little to no guidance available regarding the application of the various methods, and a standardized framework for analysis of ITS studies does not exist. As such, there is a need to identify and compare existing ITS methods in terms of their strengths and limitations. Their methodological challenges also need to be investigated to inform and direct future research. In light of this, this PhD thesis addresses two main objectives: 1) to conduct a scoping review of the methods that have been employed in the analysis of ITS studies, and 2) to develop improved methods that address a major limitation of the statistical methods frequently used in ITS data analysis. These objectives are addressed in three projects. For the first project, a scoping review of the methods that have been used in analyzing ITS data was conducted, with the focus on ITS applications in health research. The review was based on the Arksey and O’Malley framework and the Joanna Briggs Handbook for scoping reviews. A total of 1389 studies were included in our scoping review. The articles were grouped into methods papers and applications papers based on the focus of the article. For the methods papers, we narratively described the identified methods and discussed their strengths and limitations. The application papers were summarized using frequencies and percentages. We identified some limitations of current methods and provided some recommendations useful in health research. In the second project, we developed and presented an improved method for ITS analysis when the data at each time point are aggregated across several participants, which is the most common case in ITS studies in healthcare settings. We considered the segmented linear regression approach, which our scoping review identified as the most frequently used method in ITS studies. When data are aggregated, heterogeneity is introduced due to variability in the patient population within sites (e.g. healthcare facilities) and this is ignored in the segmented linear regression method. Moreover, statistical uncertainty (imprecision) is introduced in the data because of the sample size (number of participants from whom data are aggregated). Ignoring this variability and uncertainty will likely lead to invalid estimates and loss of statistical power, which in turn leads to erroneous conclusions. Our proposed method incorporates patient variability and sample size as weights in a weighted segmented regression model. We performed extensive simulations and assessed the performance of our method using established performance criteria, such as bias, mean squared error, level and statistical power. We also compared our method with the segmented linear regression approach. The results indicated that the weighted segmented regression was uniformly more precise, less biased and more powerful than the segmented linear regression method. In the third project, we extended the weighted method to multisite ITS studies, where data are aggregated at two levels: across several participants within sites as well as across multiple sites. The extended method incorporates the two levels of heterogeneity using weights, where the weights are defined using patient variability, sample size, number of sites as well as site-to-site variability. This extended weighted regression model, which follows the weighted least squares approach is employed to estimate parameters and perform significance testing. We conducted extensive empirical evaluations using various scenarios generated from a multi-site ITS study and compared the performance of our method with that of the segmented linear regression model as well as a pooled analysis method previously developed for multisite studies. We observed that for most scenarios considered, our method produced estimates with narrower 95% confidence intervals and smaller p-values, indicating that our method is more precise and is associated with more statistical power. In some scenarios, where we considered low levels of heterogeneity, our method and the previously proposed method showed comparable results. In conclusion, this PhD thesis facilitates future ITS research by laying the groundwork for developing standard guidelines for the design and analysis of ITS studies. The proposed improved method for ITS analysis, which is the weighted segmented regression, contributes to the advancement of ITS research and will enable researchers to optimize their analysis, leading to more precise and powerful results. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
48

Identifying patients with psychosocial problems in general practice: a scoping review protocol

Schwenker, Rosemarie, Kroeber, Eric Sven, Deutsch, Tobias, Frese, Thomas, Unverzagt, Susanne 23 January 2023 (has links)
Introduction: Psychosocial problems (PSPs) are common issues associated with negative health outcomes. Since general practitioners are the first point of contact for any health-related concern, understanding their options to recognise patients with PSPs plays an important role as it is essential for early intervention and can prevent serious conditions. The objective of our scoping review is to map published evidence on the usage of instruments to identify patients with PSPs in general practice. Methods and analysis: We will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual on scoping reviews. A systematic search of four electronic databases (Medline (Ovid), Web of Science Core Collection, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library) will be conducted for quantitative and qualitative studies published in English, Spanish, French and German. Main study characteristics as well as information on identification instruments will be extracted and visualised in structured tables to map the available evidence. The protocol has been registered with Open Science Framework, https://osfio/c2m6z. Ethics and dissemination: This study does not require ethical approval as we will not collect personal data. Dissemination will consist of publications, presentations and other knowledge translation activities.
49

University Staff and the Internationalization of Higher Education in Australia and South Korea : A Critical Realist Scoping Study

Bennett, Summer January 2022 (has links)
Though more recognition has been placed on the cruciality of university staff in their roles supporting the internationalization of higher education (HE), research-based understandings of micro level engagement have been largely neglected. This critical realist scoping study explores the extent of peer-reviewed articles published between 2017 and 2022 regarding university staff experiences and perceptions of internationalization in Australian and South Korean HE. A total of 34 relevant articles were found using a systematic approach to data collection. The findings confirm previous studies which demonstrate that internationalization research largely focuses on the perspectives and experiences of academic staff while non-academic staff and HE leadership and management are under-researched. Six dimensions of internationalization were represented, with ‘Teaching, Supervising, and Supporting Students’ being the most-researched across the body of literature overall and the ‘Internationalization of the Curriculum’ and ‘English-Medium Instruction Practice and Policy’ the most-researched in Australia and Korea respectively. The review also brought up several conceptual issues. While all university staff research participants in the Korean HE context were explicitly defined based on their nationality, ethnicity, and/or cultural background, university staff participants in the Australian HE context were often not described beyond their occupation. However, the majority of articles researching staff interactions with international students in the Australian HE context did include descriptions of national, ethnic, and/or cultural background. Additionally, the authors of the selected articles in both contexts rarely disclosed their own subjectivity and connection to the topic being researched. This study has illuminated the need for future research on the perspectives and experiences of all university staff in relation to internationalization and argues for future research that acknowledges the positionality of the researcher and the complexity of the identity of its participants.
50

HIV Among Older Adults: Quality of Life and Disability Experiences in Sub- Saharan Africa

Cheuk, Samantha 11 1900 (has links)
In 2014, UNAIDS published the Gap Report that identified adults aged 50 years and older as a vulnerable group being left behind in HIV treatment and prevention efforts (UNAIDS, 2014). This manuscript thesis is composed of two data chapters that aim to address the gap in the HIV, aging, and disability literature by exploring what is known about the quality of life and disability experiences of older adults aged 50 years and older living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The purpose of the scoping review was to map out published literature on quality of life among older adults living with HIV in SSA. Following Arksey & O’Malley’s framework for conducting scoping reviews, 6 databases were searched resulting in 1021 titles and abstracts that were screened for inclusion resulting in a total of 8 articles included for review and synthesis. The review confirmed a dearth in research literature on older adults living with HIV in SSA as included studies were only conducted in 2 out of 47 countries in the region. The qualitative study addressed this gap in knowledge by exploring the disability- related experiences of 10 older men and women living with HIV in Zambia. The qualitative study identified 5 major themes: 1. Multiple Symptoms and Impairments: Variation in Onset and Duration; 2. Daily Activities and Participation: Shaped by Gender Roles; 3. HIV Status Disclosure: Hindered by Stigma, Driven By A Purpose; 4) Poverty and Food Insecurity: Precarious Employment; and 5) Managing An Altered Uncertainty: Changes Resulting From A Prolonged Life. These findings demonstrated that while participants were benefiting from antiretroviral therapy, many still experienced disability. The component studies in this thesis complement one another and advance dialogue about the quality of life and experiences of disability in older adults living with HIV in SSA and points to a need for further research so that fewer people are left behind. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

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