Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-02-27T20:42:07Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mery Helen Rosa - 2014.pdf: 1663019 bytes, checksum: 7dcd4e493baecec1a906e347405c5d2c (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-02-27T20:44:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mery Helen Rosa - 2014.pdf: 1663019 bytes, checksum: 7dcd4e493baecec1a906e347405c5d2c (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T20:44:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Mery Helen Rosa - 2014.pdf: 1663019 bytes, checksum: 7dcd4e493baecec1a906e347405c5d2c (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The current social context, surrounded by the plurality of literacies that crosses graphocentric society, makes them to be need different domains of writing by people in multiple instances of social Thus, language skills, understandings, interpretations, dialogicities, interactions in communicative events and discursive practices make up the daily life of specific social spaces and private in the light of events and literacy practices that differ from place to place, from situation to situation. Of this reality comes the tuning of the literacy process with the search of meaning, considering that in Brazilian society is still present very schooled school practices, resulting in difficulties in the development of literacy practices that cover the construction of meaning by students . Thus, this study has sought to understand how students in the fourth grade of elementary school of a public school, located on the outskirts of Ipameri, state of Goiás, construct meaning to events and literacy practices of which participate in the universe of school. The research backed up on a qualitative approach, of ethnographic tipe, as there was an insert in the real conditions experienced by the students. The techniques of collection of information raised by research consisted of systematic observation of a series of literacy events in the classroom and in the colorful room, which were registered in a field diary, and also through semi-structured interviews with students. Using these procedures, it was discussed the meanings of literacy process in communicative, interactive and dialogical contexts expressed by classes, storytelling and lectures. Therefore, the research was theoretical supported especially in studies of literacy, senses, meanings, Bakhtin's dialogism, enunciations, events and literacy practices, basing on authors such as: Mari (2008); Bakhtin (1995, 2011); Marcuschi (2007); Sobral (2009); Hilgert (2012), Soares (2012), Kleiman (2005), Hamilton (2000a, b), Street (2010, 2012, 2013, 2014); Barton and Hamilton (2000), Heath (1982) and others. The analysis of these literacy events allowed us to affirm that the senses of the literacy process are perceived when there is interaction, dialogue expressed in the enunciations of the students in the group view, of collectivity. In classes where there was no interaction between student-text or between student-teacher-text, as in the activities based on questions and answers decontextualized, usually present in the textbooks worked, was unviable the perception and the understanding of the senses of the literacy process. The construction of the senses, despite having arisen of students in any occasions, also needed the linguistic system to be in the field of meanings and / or history, to say about the social, so that one can say that subject-system- history cooperate in this construction. The content of the interviews with two students and two students researched revealed buildings of sedimented senses experienced in more individual perspective, in which on one side, were present interests, desires, favorite activities by students as they were moved, touched and stimulated to comment about certain reality. On the other hand, were present the not liking, reject, ignore, elucidated in situations which referred to the silence, expressing resistance, demotivation, among other aspects. In the reports, it was observed that certain school activities were not well conceived by the students because of the impossibility of reaching out for their understanding, to be authors of their products, their speeches. Thus, there is the indication that most schools still have a challenge to confront: the promotion of literacy practices supported in the dimension of the senses. / O contexto social atual, envolto pela pluralidade de letramentos que atravessa sociedade grafocêntrica, faz com que sejam necessários diferentes domínios da escrita por parte das pessoas, em múltiplas instâncias do fazer social. Assim, competência linguística, compreensões, interpretações, dialogicidades, interações em eventos comunicativos e práticas discursivas compõem o cotidiano de espaços sociais específicos e particulares à luz de eventos e práticas de letramento que diferem de lugar para lugar, de situação para situação. Dessa realidade advém a sintonia do processo de letramento com a busca de sentidos, considerando que na sociedade brasileira ainda se presencia práticas escolares muito escolarizadas, o que acarreta em dificuldades quanto ao desenvolvimento de práticas de letramento que abarquem a construção de sentidos por parte dos alunos. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como propósito compreender como os alunos do quarto ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública municipal, situada na periferia da cidade de Ipameri, estado de Goiás, constroem sentido aos eventos e às práticas de letramento dos quais participam no universo escolar. A pesquisa respaldou-se em abordagem qualitativa, do tipo etnográfico, já que houve uma inserção nas condições reais vivenciadas pelos alunos. As técnicas de coleta das informações suscitadas pela pesquisa consistiram em observação sistemática de uma série de eventos de letramento ocorridos na sala de aula e na sala colorida, os quais foram registrados em diário de campo, e também por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com alunos. Utilizando-se desses procedimentos, discutiu-se sobre os sentidos do processo de letramento em contextos comunicativos, interativos e dialógicos expressos por aulas, contação de história e palestras. Para tanto, a pesquisa teve respaldo teórico especialmente nos estudos sobre letramento, sentidos, significações, dialogismo bakhtiniano, enunciações, eventos e práticas de letramento, fundamentando-se em autores como: Mari (2008); Bakhtin (1995, 2011); Marcuschi (2007); Sobral (2009); Hilgert (2012), Soares (2012), Kleiman (2005), Hamilton (2000a, b), Street (2010, 2012, 2013, 2014); Barton e Hamilton (2000), Heath (1982) e outros. A análise desses eventos de letramento permitiu afirmar que os sentidos do processo de letramento são percebidos quando há interação, diálogo expresso nas enunciações dos alunos sob a ótica de grupo, de coletividade. Nas aulas em que não se observou interação entre aluno-texto ou entre aluno-professor-texto, como nas atividades fundadas em perguntas e respostas descontextualizadas, geralmente presentes nos livros didáticos trabalhados, foi inviabilizada a percepção e compreensão dos sentidos do processo de letramento. A construção dos sentidos, apesar de ter partido dos alunos em todas as ocasiões, precisou também do sistema linguístico para se constituir no campo das significações e/ou da história, por abordar o social, de modo que é possível afirmar que sujeito-sistema-história cooperam nesta construção. O conteúdo das entrevistas, realizadas com dois alunos e duas alunas pesquisados, revelou construções de sentidos sedimentadas em perspectivas mais individuais, em que, de um lado, estavam presentes interesses, desejos, atividades preferidas pelos alunos ao serem movidos, tocados e impulsionados a comentar sobre determinada realidade. De outro lado, faziam-se presente o não gostar, rejeitar, desconsiderar, elucidados em situações que remetiam ao silêncio, resistência em expressar, desmotivação, dentre outros aspectos. Nos relatos, observou-se que determinadas atividades escolares não foram bem concebidas pelos alunos em razão da impossibilidade de lançarem mão de suas compreensões, de serem autores das suas produções, dos seus discursos. Sendo assim, há o indicativo de que a maioria das escolas ainda têm um desafio a enfrentar: a promoção de práticas de letramento apoiadas na dimensão dos sentidos.

O fenômeno da ambiguidade lexical foi o tópico central desta pesquisa, especialmente no que diz respeito às relações entre acepções de formas gráficas ambíguas e aos padrões de distribuição de acepções de palavras polissêmicas na língua, isto é, de palavras cujas acepções são semanticamente relacionadas. Este trabalho situa-se como uma proposta de interface entre explorações computacionais da ambiguidade lexical, especificamente de processamento de linguagem natural, e investigações de cunho teórico sobre o fenômeno do significado lexical. Partimos das noções de polissemia e de homonímia como correspondentes, respectivamente, ao caso de uma palavra com múltiplas acepções relacionadas e ao de duas (ou mais) palavras cujas formas gráficas coincidem, mas que apresentam acepções não relacionadas sincronicamente. Como objetivo último deste estudo, pretendia-se confirmar se as palavras mais polissêmicas teriam acepções menos uniformemente distribuídas no corpus, apresentando acepções predominantes, que ocorreriam com maior frequência. Para analisar esses aspectos, implementamos um algoritmo de desambiguação lexical, uma versão adaptada do algoritmo de Lesk (Lesk, 1986; Jurafsky & Martin, 2000), escolhido com base nos recursos linguísticos disponíveis para o português. Tendo como hipótese a noção de que palavras mais frequentes na língua tenderiam a ser mais polissêmicas, selecionamos do corpus (Mac-Morpho) aquelas com maiores ocorrências. Considerando-se o interesse em palavras de conteúdo e em casos de ambiguidade mais estritamente em nível semântico, optamos por realizar os testes apresentados neste trabalho apenas para substantivos. Os resultados obtidos com o algoritmo de desambiguação que implementamos superaram o método baseline baseado na heurística da acepção mais frequente: obtivemos 63% de acertos contra 50% do baseline para o total dos dados desambiguados. Esses resultados foram obtidos através do procedimento de desambiguação de pseudo-palavras (formadas ao acaso), utilizado em casos em que não se tem à disposição corpora semanticamente anotados. No entanto, em razão da dependência de inventários fixos de acepções oriundos de dicionários, pesquisamos maneiras alternativas de categorizar as acepções de uma palavra. Tomando como base o trabalho de Sproat & VanSanten (2001), implementamos um método que permite atribuir valores numéricos que atestam o quanto uma palavra se afastou da monossemia dentro de um determinado corpus. Essa medida, cunhada pelos autores do trabalho original como índice de polissemia, baseia-se no agrupamento de palavras co-ocorrentes à palavra-alvo da desambiguação de acordo com suas similaridades contextuais. Propusemos, neste trabalho, o uso de uma segunda medida, mencionada pelos autores apenas como um exemplo das aplicações potenciais do método a serem exploradas: a clusterização de co-ocorrentes com base em similaridades de contextos de uso. Essa segunda medida é obtida de forma que se possa verificar a proximidade entre acepções e a quantidade de acepções que uma palavra exibe no corpus. Alguns aspectos apontados nos resultados indicam o potencial do método de clusterização: os agrupamentos de co-ocorrentes obtidos são ponderados, ressaltando os grupos mais proeminentes de vizinhos da palavra-alvo; o fato de que os agrupamentos aproximam-se uns dos outros por medidas de similaridade contextual, o que pode servir para distinguir tendências homonímicas ou polissêmicas. Como exemplo, temos os clusters obtidos para a palavra produção: um relativo à ideia de produção literária e outro relativo à de produção agrícola. Esses dois clusters apresentaram distanciamento considerável, situando-se na faixa do que seria considerado um caso de polissemia, e apresentaram ambos pesos significativos, isto é, foram compostos por palavras mais relevantes. Identificamos três fatores principais que limitaram as análises a partir dos dados obtidos: o viés político-jornalístico do corpus que utilizamos (Mac-Morpho) e a necessidade de serem feitos mais testes variando os parâmetros de seleção de coocorrentes, uma vez que os parâmetros que utilizamos devem variar para outros corpora e, especialmente, pelo fato de termos realizados poucos testes para definir quais valores utilizaríamos para esses parâmetro, que são decisivos para a quantidade de palavras co-ocorrentes relevantes para os contextos de uso da palavra-alvo. Considerando-se tanto as vantagens quanto as limitações que observamos a partir dos resultados da clusterização, planejamos delinear um método sincrônico (que prescinde da documentação histórica das palavras) e computacional que permita distinguir casos de polissemia e de homonímia de forma mais sistemática e abrangendo uma maior quantidade de dados. Entendemos que um método dessa natureza pode ser de grade valia para os estudos do significado no nível lexical, permitindo o estabelecimento de um método objetivo e baseado em dados de uso da língua que vão além de exemplos pontuais. / The phenomenon of lexical ambiguity was the central topic of this research, especially with regard to relations between meanings of ambiguous graphic forms, and to patterns of distribution of the meanings of polysemous words in the language, that is, of words whose meanings are semantically related. This work is set on the interface between computational explorations of lexical ambiguity, specifically natural language processing, and theoretical investigations on the nature of research on the lexical meaning phenomenon. We assume the notions of polysemy and homonymy as corresponding, respectively, to the case of a word with multiple related meanings, and two (or more) words whose graphic forms coincide, but have unrelated meanings. The ultimate goal of this study was to confirm that the most polysemous words have meanings less evenly distributed in the corpus, with predominant meanings which occur more frequently. To examine these aspects, we implemented a word sense disambiguation algorithm, an adapted version of Lesk algorithm (Lesk, 1986; Jurafsky & Martin, 2000), chosen on the basis of the availability of language resources in Portuguese. From the hypothesis that the most frequent words in the language tend to be more polysemic, we selected from the corpus (Mac-Morpho) those words with the highest number occurrences. Considering our interest in content words and in cases of ambiguity more strictly to the semantic level, we decided to conduct the tests presented in this research only for nouns. The results obtained with the disambiguation algorithm implemented surpassed those of the baseline method based on the heuristics of the most frequent sense: we obtained 63% accuracy against 50% of baseline for all the disambiguated data. These results were obtained with the disambiguation procedure of pseudowords (formed at random), which used in cases where semantically annotated corpora are not available. However, due to the dependence of this disambiguation method on fixed inventories of meanings from dictionaries, we searched for alternative ways of categorizing the meanings of a word. Based on the work of Sproat & VanSanten (2001), we implemented a method for assigning numerical values that indicate how much one word is away from monosemy within a certain corpus. This measure, named by the authors of the original work as polysemy index, groups co-occurring words of the target noun according to their contextual similarities. We proposed in this paper the use of a second measure, mentioned by the authors as an example of the potential applications of the method to be explored: the clustering of the co-occurrent words based on their similarities of contexts of use. This second measurement is obtained so as to show the closeness of meanings and the amount of meanings that a word displays in the corpus. Some aspects pointed out in the results indicate the potential of the clustering method: the obtained co-occurring clusters are weighted, highlighting the most prominent groups of neighbors of the target word; the fact that the clusters aproximate from each other to each other on the basis of contextual similarity measures, which can be used to distinguish homonymic from polysemic trends. As an example, we have the clusters obtained for the word production, one referring to the idea of literary production, and the other referring to the notion of agricultural production. These two clusters exhibited considerable distance, standing in the range of what would be considered a case of polysemy, and both showed significant weights, that is, were composed of significant and distintictive words. We identified three main factors that have limited the analysis of the data: the political-journalistic bias of the corpus we use (Mac-Morpho) and the need for further testing by varying the selection parameters of relevant cooccurent words, since the parameters used shall vary for other corpora, and especially because of the fact that we conducted only a few tests to determine the values for these parameters, which are decisive for the amount of relevant co-occurring words for the target word. Considering both the advantages and the limitations we observe from the results of the clusterization method, we plan to design a synchronous (which dispenses with the historical documentation of the words) and, computational method to distinguish cases of polysemy and homonymy more systematically and covering a larger amount of data. We understand that a method of this nature can be invaluable for studies of the meaning on the lexical level, allowing the establishment of an objective method based on language usage data and, that goes beyond specific examples.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:22:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sirlene Aparecida Aarao.pdf: 1584215 bytes, checksum: ccd85de04972a6bbeefa062bc81d559c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-19 / The research aims at investigating how senses-and-meanings are built in the interactions between teacher-researcher and student-monitor about what it is to be a teacher and also about teaching-learning a foreign language, during the planning and development of a monitorship project. The theoretical, philosophical and methodological background that supports this research is the Activity Theory (LEONTIEV, 1978; ENGESTRÖM, 1999; VYGOTSKY, 1930/1998 e 1934/1999) and also the dialogical perspective of language (BAKHTIN, 1929/1999) in order to understand how subjects build and produce knowledge through their actions, in activity systems. Activity theory made it to possible to understand the subject-object relation, mediated mainly through language. The analysis on developmental and interactional engagement between teacher-researcher and student-monitor was based on the expansive learning cycle conception (ENGESTRÖM, 1999) that states that developing means solving or transforming the existing contradictions/problems, and consequently it results in changes in the activity system: the building of a new object and new motive(s), therefore creating new senses-and-meaning to the subject of the activity. This research was carried out in a private teaching institution, situated in the outskirts of Sao Paulo, in a city called Taboão da Serra, the main subjects are the teacher-researcher and the student-monitor. Data were collected during the second semester of 2007, from August to December. The methodological frame is Critical Research of Collaboration (MAGALHÃES, 2006) whose purpose is to analyze the accomplished practices in order to transform actions with a critical and collaborative dimension.The contributions this research could bring are varied, especially related to teacher education in pre-service teaching contexts. These contributions include rethinking about the teacher we want and/or need to form, taking into account that it involves linguistic and didactical competences and the development of reflexive and critical awareness, in a continuous dialogical interaction between theory and practice / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar como se dá a construção de sentidos-e-significados sobre o ser professor e sobre o ensino-aprendizagem de língua inglesa, na interação professora-pesquisadora e aluno-monitor, durante o planejamento e o desenvolvimento de um projeto de monitoria. Para fundamentar teórico-filosófica e metodologicamente este estudo, usei a Teoria da Atividade Sócio-Histórico-Cultural (LEONTIEV, 1978; ENGESTRÖM, 1999; VYGOTSKY, 1930/1998 e 1934/1999), na perspectiva dialógica da linguagem (BAKHTIN, 1929/1999), para entender como os sujeitos constroem conhecimentos por meio de suas ações, nos sistemas de atividades. A teoria da atividade possibilitou entender, a partir da mediação pela linguagem, a relação entre o sujeito da atividade e seu objeto / objetivo. A análise do desenvolvimento e engajamento interacional da professora-pesquisadora e do aluno-monitor foi realizada com base na concepção de ciclo expansivo de aprendizagem (ENGESTRÖM, 1999), segundo o qual desenvolver significa resolver ou transformar as contradições / problemas existentes, para obter como resultado uma mudança no sistema de atividade com foco na construção de novo objeto e de novo(s) motivo(s) e, por conseguinte, a ressignificação dos sujeitos da atividade. Esta pesquisa foi realizada em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, na região da Grande São Paulo (Taboão da Serra), envolvendo professora-pesquisadora e aluno-monitor. Os dados foram coletados durante o segundo semestre de 2007, de agosto a dezembro. A metodologia adotada é a pesquisa crítica de colaboração (MAGALHÃES, 2006), que tem como propósito a análise das práticas realizadas para transformar as ações de maneira crítica e colaborativa. As contribuições desta pesquisa podem ser diversas, especialmente no contexto de formação de professores de língua estrangeira pré-serviço. Tais contribuições incluem repensar quem é o professor que queremos / precisamos formar, tomando como base o fato de que a formação envolve competências linguísticas, didáticas e o desenvolvimento de uma consciência crítica e reflexiva, na conjunção entre teoria e prática

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:22:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Miriam Marcia de Souza Santos.pdf: 786932 bytes, checksum: 28c372fdceff200a05a236e78ae9e096 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-15 / This research aims at investigate the comprehension of sense-and-meanings of certain experiences of students at a public school located in São Paulo, whose daily life is marked by violence. More specifically, we study how the experiences in contexts of violence permeate the daily life of students, becoming a constituent of aggressive attitudes and behaviors of students with one another and for staff schoolchildren. We sought to characterize the school environment as a space for interaction, in which symbolic violence and physical assault intersect. Participating in this research 7 teachers, teacher pedagogical coordinator and researcher-trainer plus 6 students from 6th and 7th grade on. Thus, the investigation opened up possibilities for thinking about school and family as a place of conflict mediation and the coexistence of social. Centered and cultural diversity in a critique of methodological search interpretive (Moita Lopes, 1994), this study further issues relating to education and affection, anchored in the Theory Socio-Cultural History, and discuss the following key theoretical assumptions: the mediation in the teaching- learning and development (Vygotsky, 1934/2003; Newman and Holzman, 2002, and others), senses and meanings (Vygotsky, 1934/2001; González Rey, 2000; Aguiar, 2000; Bakhtin; 1929-30/1992; and others) and the emotions and feelings (Vygotsky, 1930/2004; Aguiar, 2006; González Rey, 2005, and others) to see what the senses-and-meanings, participants were studied by the topical (Koch, 1998 ). The data reveal that there is strong evidence that aggressive behavior at school, in most cases is linked to students' lack of affection / Esta pesquisa buscou investigar a compreensão dos sentidos-e-significados de certas vivências de alunos de uma escola pública, localizada na zona leste de São Paulo, cujo cotidiano é marcado pela violência. Mais especificamente, estudamos como as vivências em contextos de violência permeiam o cotidiano da escola, tornando-se constitutiva de atitudes e comportamentos agressivos dos alunos entre si e destes em relação aos agentes escolares. Buscou-se caracterizar o ambiente escolar como espaço de interação, no qual a violência simbólica e a agressão física se cruzam. Participam da pesquisa 7 professores, o professor coordenador pedagógico e a pesquisadora-formadora, mais 6 alunos da 6ª e 7ª série do Ensino Fundamental. Assim,a investigação abriu possibilidades para se pensar na escola e na família como espaços de mediação de conflitos e de convivência da diversidade cultural e social. Centrado em uma metodologia de pesquisa interpretativista crítica (Moita Lopes, 1994), este estudo permitiu aprofundar questões referentes à educação e à afetividade, ancorado na Teoria Sócio-Histórico-Cultural e discute os seguintes pressupostos teóricos centrais: a mediação no ensino-aprendizagem e desenvolvimento (Vygotsky,1934/2003; Newman e Holzman,2002; entre outros), os sentidos e os significados (Vygotsky, 1934/2001; González Rey, 2000; Aguiar, 2000; Bakhtin; 1929-30/1992; entre outros) e as emoções e os sentimentos (Vygotsky, 1930/2004; Aguiar, 2006; González Rey, 2005; entre outros); para constatar quais são os sentidos-e-significados, os participantes foram analisados pela organização topical ( Koch,1998). Os dados revelam que há fortes indícios de que comportamentos agressivos presentes na escola, na maioria das vezes está vinculado à carência afetiva dos alunos

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-04T12:20:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna RuschelDesign.pdf: 11737426 bytes, checksum: 0c99d182e3dee9ac0b586edf89b54a4a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-04T12:20:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna RuschelDesign.pdf: 11737426 bytes, checksum: 0c99d182e3dee9ac0b586edf89b54a4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-15 / Nenhuma / O sistema da moda contemporânea organiza-se na sociedade através da premissa da constante renovação, devido ao seu caráter efêmero. Nessa organização, inserem-se diferentes tipos de eventos de moda que necessitam acompanhar as mudanças impostas pelo sistema, indo ao encontro das expectativas das pessoas. Este estudo delimita-se em analisar as relações de experiência e emoções estabelecidas entre indivíduos e exposições de moda adulta feminina. A metodologia utilizada no estudo é constituída por revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo exploratória, contemplada por meio do desenvolvimento e da análise de duas exposições de moda, intituladas como Experimentos I e II. Teve-se como premissa de estudo que as relações firmadas entre o público espectador e as exposições de moda ocorrem através de diferentes formas de interatividade, sendo a estimulação dos sentidos vitais uma importante ferramenta viabilizadora de experiência. Os resultados apontam que a interatividade e o ineditismo são fatores apreciados pelos indivíduos durante exposições de moda e a estimulação dos sentidos vitais ocorre, de modo mais evidente, indiretamente. Tais constatações motivaram o desenvolvimento de uma proposta imagética e teórica que sintetiza os comportamentos analisados entre indivíduo e contextos de eventos que podem ser verificados nas considerações finais. / The fashion system is organized in contemporary society through the assumption of constant renewal due to its ephemeral nature. Into this organization several types of fashion events are inserted, that need to follow the changes imposed by the system, going against people’s expectations. This study limits itself to analyze the relations of emotion and experience established between individuals and adult female fashion exhibitions. The methodology of the study consists of literature review and exploratory field research, viewed through the development and analysis of two fashion exhibitions, titled as Experiments I and II. We had as this study’s premise that relations signed between the viewing public of exhibitions and fashion take place through different forms of interactivity, being the stimulation of vital senses an important experience enabler tool. The results show that the interactivity and originality are factors valued by individuals during fashion exhibitions, and the stimulation of the vital senses occurs, most evidently, in an indirect way. These findings motivated the development of a theoretical proposal and imagery that synthesize the analyzed behaviors between individuals and contexts of events that can be verified in the final considerations.

<p>Studier visar att åtgärder krävs för att minska svenska barns intag av sötsaker och fett samt öka intaget av frukt och grönsaker. Skolors roll i att främja en hälsosammare kosthållning hos barn måste därför få en ökad uppmärksamhet. Lärare bör ta tillvara på tillfällen som ges att i undervisningen förmedla en positiv syn på mat. Sapere-metoden är en pedagogisk metod som syftar till att öva upp elevers sensoriska förmåga, utveckla deras språk samt på sikt förbättra deras matvanor. Denna metod tillämpas idag på skolor i Västmanland. Syftet med studien var att studera lärares upplevelser av Sapere-metoden i Västmanland, hur tillämpningen påbörjades, vilka förväntningar som fanns samt vilka möjligheter och hinder som påträffats under processen. Insamlingen av data skedde genom intervjuer med lärare och intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av en innehållsanalys. Resultatet visar att skolorna började tillämpa Sapere-metoden eftersom en person på skolan blev inspirerad. Förväntningarna handlade om en utveckling hos barnen, att bryta trender i samhället samt förväntningar att fortsätta arbetet med metoden i framtiden. Möjligheter är att metoden går att använda i alla skolämnen, att den utövas praktiskt samt går i linje med läroplanen. Hinder i arbetet är tidsbrist, kostnaden samt utbyte av personal i skolan.</p> / <p>Studies show that measures are required to reduce Swedish children’s intake of sugar and fat and to increase their intake of fruits and vegetables. Schools role in promoting a healthier diet in children must be given a greater attention. Teachers must take care of the opportunities they have that in the teaching mediate a positive view on food and meals. Sapere-method is an educational method and the aim is to practice pupils in their ability to use all their senses, to develop their language use and in the long term improve their food habits. This method is applied in schools in Västmanland. The aim with this study was to study teacher’s experiences of the Sapere-method in Västmanland, how the method was applied, what expectations there was, and what opportunities and obstacles encountered during the process. Data collection was done by interviewing teachers and the interviews were analyzed using a content analysis. The results of the study show that the Sapere method was applied because a person at the school became inspired. Expectations were a development of the children, to break the trends in society and expectations to continue the work in the future. The opportunities are that the method can be used in all school subjects, that is practiced practical and is in line with the curriculum. Obstacles in the method are lack of time, the cost and exchange of personnel in the school.</p>

<p> </p><p>During our education time, we have heard on several occasions how the high changing rate in the society also influences the education area. That changing process mainly originates from the transform that a school underwent, i.e. the decentralization meaning a delegation of responsibility from a national to local government and the particular school. The main idea that started a changing process goes under the slogan “a school for everyone”. The new school was created by the newest teaching plan where the individualization of each individual student is a main point on the agenda. A countless number of analyses of Lpo 94 during our education have given us a reason to reflect over how this individualization should take place. The ambition to find an answer on that question led us to start from a couple of questions at issues that foremost handles children’s different ways to learn as well as the design of the teaching supervision in contrast to today’s teaching plan and the newer research within the chosen subject area. The aim of this work is thus to analyze and understand the contents of four different teaching supervisions within biology as a subject area and to try to appoint whether requirements on varied education from Lpo 94 is obeyed. Our answer on how to achieve requirements on individualization from Lpo 94, during this work, is to apply a varied education with a number of senses and intelligences as a frame of reference. Our conclusion and thus the result of our analysis is that the teaching supervisions deficiently reach the requirements that involve varied education in Lpo 94. The degree deficiency varies between different teaching supervisions.</p><p> </p>

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The purpose of this thesis is to explore to what extent different styling elements can be used within a retail store and how sensorial cues can affect customers buying behaviour by creating a multi-sensory brand-experience. Further, this project aims at contributing to the development of new knowledge regarding a multi-sensory brand-experience through the performance of an experiment. A quantitative research method with a deductive research approach has been used for this study, where theoretical concepts have been described and from which a number of hypotheses have derived as means to test the theoretical framework. In order to test our hypotheses, a research strategy in the form of experiments has been performed in the computer department at Media Markt, Kalmar. General assumptions have then been drawn from the analysis of the results in order to provide sound recommendations for marketers regarding sensory marketing in general and foremost the multi-sensory brand-experience.   The result of our study shows that it is beneficial for marketers to use styling elements and sensorial cues as means to connect with customers and enhance their emotional response. The study also shows that a combination of the sensorial cues of sight and sound together contributes to an experience that is positive and memorable for the customers. Additionally, the results of this study shows that a combination of these sensory cues leads to a change in customers behaviour and create approach behaviour through awareness of products that otherwise could be missed.

Background: Previously, marketing has focused on audiovisual stimulus but as a result from the information overload of the modern society, companies find it harder to differentiate from the competitors through the traditional marketing channels. Consumers of today tend to take functional attributes for granted and seek for an emotional involvement in the purchasing process. Sensory marketing aims at strengthening the relationship between a brand and its consumers on a deeper level through the involvement of the human senses; sight, sound, smell, taste and touch. Since the phenomenon is relatively new, the amount of studies concerning the eventual benefits on brand perception is limited. Purpose: This study investigates how sensory branding can influence the perception of a brand for the consumer. Method: The use of sensory branding was explored by conducting interviews with specialists within the field. The main basis for this research was an experiment, where the effect of using an ambient scent in the branding process was tested in order to investigate and analyze its effect on brand perception. Conclusion: Sensory marketing changes brand perception positively when the stimulus is congruent with the other brand elements. It can thus be seen as a suitable tool for reinforcing the value of a brand. A congruent stimulus influences the consumer on an unconscious level and can affect preference positively hence triggering impulse buying behavior.Adding a sensory dimension to the marketing strategy can strengthen the brand equity implying a stronger bond between the brand and the consumer. However,the authors argue that a strong brand platform is required to benefit ultimately from an investment in sensory branding. The use of sensory branding is growing rapidly and it is predicted to be the future of strategic branding.