Couples make dynamic joint decisions, including how much each spouse works at home and in the market throughout life. By building a dynamic model of taxation, I quantify the welfare gains of moving to a gender-based tax. Further, I explore the implications of a gender-based income tax for labor market and time-use choices within a couple, taking into account changing labor market attachment through life. The key finding is that while gender-based taxation always improves household and social welfare, the model-specific household time allocations and government policy implications depend on underlying assumptions about gender differences. I model the inefficiency of income tax due to pooling old individuals and young individuals who differ in their skill distribution and use of time. Because age is correlated with ability and time investments in education, allowing tax rules to vary with age shrinks labor distortions. I use an overlapping generations model to study the effect of an age-based income tax on efficiency. I analytically show the efficiency gains and I numerically estimate a welfare gain equivalent to 5% of aggregate consumption when age-based taxes are implemented. Adult women generally, and married women in particular, spend more time than men doing housework and childcare activities. While gender differences in time-use patterns among adults at home are readily accepted and well documented, the onset and development of gender time-use differences over the adolescent years and into early adulthood are not well understood. In this research, I describe the development of time-use gender differences over the teenage years and into the early adult years using American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data, with a focus on activities relating to family duties and child care activities. I find gender divergence in home duties prior to the teenage years, which sharply stratifies upon high school graduation. Further, I find that time-use outcomes disproportionately impact women from disadvantaged socio-economic and family backgrounds. / text

This project measured the effectiveness of after school physical activity programs which emphasized moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and motor skill improvement. Children (n=41) from sport-based program and low-organized games-based programs were recruited. MVPA was measured using accelerometry and motor skill proficiency via the Test of Gross Motor Proficiency 2. Although, children in both programs participated in significant MVPA (more than 50% of program time engaged in MVPA), sport-based program participants obtained significantly (p<0.05) more MVPA. Children in the games-based program experienced a greater increase in gross motor quotient scores, though not significant (p>0.05), but with a moderate effect size (?=0.06). Overall after school physical activity programs provide positive contributions to daily MVPA. Participants in low-organized games based programs may experience a greater increase in motor skill proficiency. Further research is needed to determine the effects of program type on MVPA and motor skill development.

abstract: This small case study reviewed research literature and Arizona standards and assessments utilized in the early learning continuum, with a focus on holistic development, specifically in the areas of social-emotional development and approaches to learning skill development. This conversation has become especially prevalent in the state of Arizona in light of initiatives around school readiness, and policy changes reflected within the state. Much has yet to be determined concerning how the systems approach works in Arizona local education agencies, specifically the depth, consistency, and approach in which nonacademic areas of social-emotional development and approaches to learning skills are addressed in the Arizona standards, local practices and classrooms, and preschool and kindergarten assessments. The study included a content analysis, conducted as a word count, of standards and assessments, as well as a small case study of including high academic achieving district (including semi-structured interviews and classroom observations). Through the data analysis, it was affirmed a culture of learning, reflecting social-emotional development and approaches to learning skill development was created within this Local Education Agency. Three categories (environment, individual, and decision making) emerged as a way to describe this culture through a theoretical perspective of sociocultural theory. The study offers an opportunity for discussion of social-emotional development and approaches to learning skill development, connecting to a high academically achieving district, and makes recommendations for policy, practice and further research. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Curriculum and Instruction 2015

abstract: Informed by Behavioral Ecological Model (BEM), Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework, and Model for Learning With Digital Video, this project assessed: (a) the effects of mobile application (App) technology on students’ skill and game play development during a badminton sport education season and (b) a physical education teacher and students’ perceptions about the use of the App technology. Two eighth grade classes participated in the study (the teacher only used the App in Class A; students used the App in Class B). The Poole forehand overhead clear shot skill test, game performance assessment instrument (GPAI), and opportunity to respond (OTR) observation tool were used to measure skill development and game improvement in the first study. Students’ practices and game play performance were recorded. Critical incident sheets, the teacher’s daily reflections, and interviews with the teacher were used in second study. In the first study, students in both intervention classes, regardless of the App use condition (i.e., teacher vs students), improved in the clear shot skill, tactical dimensions of their game performance (i.e., skill execution, decision-making, and base position), and opportunities to respond rates (i.e., success and acceptability). In the second study, there was evidence that a physical education teacher can effectively integrate the use of a motion analysis App and complement his instructional skills during regular instruction in a middle school badminton context. Also, it was evident that the App provided students with active learning opportunities through instant feedback on skill and game performance. Further research on the use of such App technologies should focus on: (a) how the App technology can be innovative to foster student learning in game play in Physical Education settings and (b) how teachers understand the use of technology along with their pedagogical skills. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Physical Education 2020

Utilizing ECLS-K:2011 data, this study compares adopted and biological children to account for the role of heritable characteristics in explaining the relationship between family environments and children's cognitive skills. I find that cognitive skills do not differ across adopted and biological children after adjusting for the systematic differences between them. I also find that the relationship between family environment and children's cognitive skills does not differ across adopted and biological children. Taken together, these results suggest that the relationship between family environment and children's cognitive skills is not spurious.

Den här studien syftar till att belysa UEFA-Pro som utbildning för att förstå hur kravet på licens kan motiveras. Licensen ger behörighet att verka som huvudtränare på svensk fotbolls elitnivå, med andra ord Allsvenskan, Superettan och OBOS Damallsvenskan. Empirin utgörs av semistrukturerade intervjuer med tränare som verkar eller verkat på hög, svensk nivå, samt en representant från fotbollsförbundet. Som teoretisk utgångspunkt har vi använt oss av Coté &amp; Gilbert (2009) för att undersöka i vilken utsträckning utbildningen täcker de kunskapsområden som anses viktiga i en svensk elitkontext. Hur utbildningen värderar tränarnas tysta kunskap är ytterligare perspektiv i studien (Nash &amp; Collins, 2006). Det är en kvalitativ intervjustudie med ett induktivt förhållningssätt. Resultat av studien visar på ett brett kursinnehåll som täcker de berörda kunskaperna från studiens teoretiska perspektiv. Samtidigt visar studien att det behövs ytterligare forskning på dagens formella tränarutbildningar då den kritik som framkommit mot dessa till viss del upplevs utdaterad. Viss begränsning finns i studien eftersom empirin utgörs av endast sex intervjuer och således blir det svårt att återge en bild som är representativ för hela den svenska tränarkåren som verkar på elitnivå. / This study aims to highlight the UEFA Pro as an education to understand how the requirement for the license can be justified for eligibility to operate as an elite level coach in Swedish football. The requirement of UEFA Pro license applies to Allsvenskan, Superettan and OBOS Damallsvenskan.  The empirical data is obtained by semi-structured interviews with coaches that are or recently have been working at a prominent level of Swedish football. The Swedish football federation is also represented as an interview object. The purpose is to examine the image of the content in the educational process. As a theoretical framework, we have used Coté &amp; Gilbert (2009) to investigate the extent to which the education covers the areas of knowledge that are considered important in a Swedish elite context. We have also used (Nash &amp; Collins, 2006) tacit knowledge as a further perspective in the study. The method is qualitative and the approach inductive. The results proves that the content is wide and does cover relevant knowledge from the theoretical perspective. The study highlights that further research is needed on today’s formal coach educations as the criticism that has emerged against these perceived as outdated.  There is some limitation in the study because the empirical data consists of only six interviews, and it would be difficult to produce an image that is representative of the entire Swedish coaching staff that operates at elite level.

Thesis(MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2019 / The purpose of the study was to investigate the implementation of skills development programmes in the public service. The study was conducted in the Office of the Premier. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of skills development programmes in the Office of the Premier in the Mpumalanga Provincial Government. This was done to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges that unit managers face during the implementation of skills development programmes in the area of study. The relevant data was obtained through empirical investigation and interviews. This data was obtained from the seventy (70) respondents who participated in the study. To achieve this process, the researcher obtained quantitative data from fifty (50) officials and qualitative data from twenty (20) managers. The study revealed that there were challenges that hamper the implementation of skills development in the Office of the Premier. Problems related to Acts of Parliament, inadequate feedback, lack of impact assessment, clarity on policy guidelines and a lack alternative strategies were regarded as the main challenges faced by the stakeholders on the implementation of skills development in the area of the study. However, there were also benefits that were derived from Human Resource Development indicated by the respondent related to enhancement of good performance and career advancement in the Office of the Premier. The study has suggested and recommended the empowerment of officials on issues related to legislation and clarity of policies. The study also recommended that the senior managers should also conduct impact assessments and develop alternative strategies that may enhance skills development in the area of the study. The implementation of the recommendations and the findings may assist the stakeholders to enhance the implementation of skills development in the Office of the Premier

Sammanfattning: Examensarbete belyser om det är möjligt att kategorisera studie- och yrkesvägledares upplevda arbetssituation i KASAM. För att kunna kategorisera utifrån KASAM vill vi veta hur studie- och yrkesvägledare upplever sin arbetssituation och hur deras kompetens tillvaratas inom deras arbetsorganisation. Dessutom har vi valt att ställa frågor om hur arbetsgivaren ser på deras profession och vilka möjligheter de har till kompetensutveckling. Examensarbetet är en kvalitativ studie med sex olika studie- och yrkesvägledare yrkesverksamma inom statlig, kommunal och privat arbetsorganisation i västra Sverige. Vi kontaktade studie- och yrkesvägledare för att höra om det fanns intresse att delta i en intervju. Därefter genomförde vi kvalitativa undersökningar på respondenternas arbetsplatser. För att förstå KASAM har vi fördjupat oss hur Antonovsky beskriver modellen. Den förklarar känslan av sammanhang och beskriver meningsfullhet, begriplighet och hanterbarhet. Grunden till KASAM modellen är hans teori om det salutogena arbetssättet som bl.a. har uppmärksammats inom vården. De sex olika vägledarna har samtliga genomfört den treåriga högskoleutbildningen och de har varit yrkesverksamma i minst två år. Vi bedömde att efter två år kan man känna om arbetsorganisationen ger den meningsfullhet, begriplighet och hanterbarhet som är viktig för den upplevda arbetssituationen. Vi hoppas att det här examensarbetet ska generera till fler arbeten och uppsatser om upplevd arbetssituation. / Summary/Abstract Diploma work elucidates if it is possible to categorize study - and trade road worse experienced working situation in KASAM. For can to categorize on the basis of KASAM wants to we to know how study - and trade road conductors experience their working situation and how their competence to be safeguarded within their work organisation. Moreover, we have select to rearrange questions how the employer sees on theirs profession and which possibilities they have to skill development. The diploma work is a qualitative study with six different study - and trade road conductors professionally active within State, municipal and private work organisation in west Sweden. We contacted study - and trade road worse in order to consult if there were interests to attend an interview. Then , we implemented qualitative surveys on respondenternas workplaces. For understanding KASAM has we deepened us how Antonovsky describes the mock-up. It explains the feeling of contexts and describes meningsfullhet, begriplighet and hanterbarhet. The basis to KASAM the mock-up is his theory about it salutogena the approach that bl.a. has been noticed within the care. The the six different road conductors have all implemented it treåriga the college education and they have been professionally active in least two years. We assessed that after two years can one to know if the work organisation gives it meningsfullhet, begriplighet and hanterbarhet that is important for it the experienced working situation. We hope that this the diploma work will generate to more works and essays about experienced working situation.

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