Undersökningens syfte har varit att kartlägga vilka strategier paren i de utvalda familjerna använder för att arbeta med sina relationer. Vi riktar uppmärksamheten mot den sociala responsivitetens och kommunikationens betydelse för arbetet med relationerna och hur detta påverkas av den sociala kontexten. De frågeställningar som aktualiseras med uppsatsen gäller hur paren i de utvalda barnfamiljerna försöker utveckla strategier för att bevara och utveckla sina relationer över tid. Därvid belyses även mer specifika frågor; vilken påverkan har den sociala kontexten på parens relationer och vilken betydelse har parens kommunikations mönster för utformningen av deras relationer, samt i vilken omfattning är paren öppna för hjälp utifrån av familjerådgivare när det gäller att bevara relationerna. Uppsatsens centrala frågeställning: Hur ser strategier ut i en parrelation? Undersökningen bygger på tio kvalitativa intervjuer som vi sedan utifrån ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv analyserat och kopplat till relevant litteratur. Samtliga par i vår undersökning har utvecklat strategier för att bevara och fördjupa sina relationer över tid. Strategiernas karaktär varierar hos de olika paren. Kommunikation som strategi utkristalliserades hos alla par. Den sociala kontextens betydelse påverkade paren, såsom den socioekonomiska aspekten genom att begränsa eller möjliggöra. Samtliga par var öppna för hjälp utifrån Familjerådgivning när det gäller att bevara relationerna. / The study's objective was to identify strategies pairs in the selected families use to work with their relationships. We direct attention to the social responsitivity and the importance of communication work on relationships and how this is affected by the social context. The issues raised by the essay is how the pairs in the selected families with children trying to develop strategies to preserve and develop their relationship over time. In doing so, highlights even more specific questions: what impact has the social context of couples relationships and importance of couple’s communication patterns, and to what extent are the pairs open to outside help from family counselors when it comes to maintaining relationships. Essay central question: What strategies look like in a partner relationship? The survey was based on ten qualitative interviews we then calculated from a hermeneutic perspective, analyzed and linked to relevant literature. All the couples in our study have developed strategies to maintain and deepen their relationships over time. The strategy nature varies among the different pairs. Communication as a strategy emerged for all couples. The social context influenced significance pairs, such as the socio-economic aspect by restricting or permit. All couples were open to outside help from family counselling when it comes to maintaining relationships.

This study investigates how hate crimes in general and anti-Arab hate crimes in particular were distributed across different regions of the United States during the 2001-2002 period. The study explores how a historical event the terrorist attacks against the U.S. on September 11, 2001 and county population demographics affect the rates of hate crime against Arabs, Muslims or Middle Easterners. It was hypothesized that anti-Arab or anti-Muslim hate crimes displaced other forms of hate crime and were characterized by open acts of violence. According to the contact hypothesis, anti-Arab and anti-Muslim hate crimes would be more likely to occur in counties with relatively high levels of poverty and economic inequality. The research materials were obtained from publicly available data. The hate crime data were obtained from the national hate crime incidents reported to the FBI Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) program.

This portfolio of compositions is a logbook on how trans-disciplinary collaboration, gestural embodiment of sound and social context influenced my work as a composer between 2008 and 2013. In most pieces, community based environments with experts in fields other than music were crucial to explore new sound worlds and creative processes beyond my solely scope. While music composition is traditionally a lonely act, this collaborative approach allowed me to repeatedly answer two questions that fascinate me: How can other fields of knowledge inform music? And: How can music inform other fields of knowledge? In some cases, I even used the score to foster transdisciplinary collaboration, like in "Nadir" and "Bisbiglio Qualcosa en el mio Orecchio" where collaboration between musicians and non-musicians is necessary. / Music

Tobacco smoking in Canada has decreased over the last 20 years but remains persistent in lower socioeconomic status (SES) groups. The current study is an examination of tobacco smoking among lower SES Canadians that seeks to explore the social context of tobacco smoking from the perspective of those individuals who participate in it. This study utilized in-depth interviews with nine working class males from the Greater Vancouver and the Capital Regional Districts. It followed the phenomenological method in attempting to understand the experience of a working class smoker, reading that analysis through a Bourdieusian conceptual framework. This framework served to define the social context in terms of multiple symbolic economies bounded by symbolic boundaries, providing a coherent geography within which to locate the experiences. The study finds that within the working class symbolic economy, tobacco smoking is seen as legitimate and is enmeshed within conceptions of leisure, of self and intimately tied to other culturally-mediated commodities such as alcohol and other drugs. The findings further indicate that tobacco smoking in and of itself is not a cultural capital, but becomes culturally relevant when it is performed correctly. Correct performance requires adherence to certain rules, however, the best performance of smoking is done when it is presented as natural. Tobacco smoking, the findings indicate, is so “taken-for-granted” that unless one is a committed, ‘real’ smoker all others, social smokers included, are considered non-smokers. Through sharing and semi-ritualized consumption, tobacco smoking helps to reinforce reciprocal relationships that strengthen potentially insecure social bonds. Finally, working class males present themselves as self-reliant individuals that find cessation aids and therapies to be an embarrassment to their conception of self, thus to use cessation aids is to admit failure. The implication of these findings is that tobacco persistence exists within a classed symbolic economy that is simply not reached by current tobacco cessation programs and health research. To be effective then, such programs need to take into account the value and role tobacco smoking plays within this economy. / Graduate

This thesis provides an examination and analysis of the social contexts of children's response to fiction in order to contribute to a theoretical perspective of literary response as a continuous process. The absence of a consideration of the way that readers are socially constructed renders any conception of literary response incomplete, and a discussion of textual, psychoanalytic and cultural theories of response reveals a gap which Children's Literature must fill. The marginalisation of Children's Literature within literary discourses silences children as readers by denying the recognition of literary engagement inherent in early experiences with fiction. In addition, an investigation of the meta-discourse which surrounds Children's Literature, through criticism, education and provision, demonstrates the way that adult mediations between children and fiction frequently interrupt an innate desire for an authoritative position for the reader within the text, replacing dynamic creative engagement with static modes of reading. In particular, an analysis of the position of children's books, including the processes for editing, selection and marketing, makes it clear, for the first time, that the social contexts of children's fiction, from jacket design to library selection, influence the construction of readers. A new method of empirical research, based on psychoanalysis, phenomenography and Chambers's 'Tell Me' approach to booktalk, provides evidence of the interplay of desire and control in the social construction of readers and reinforces the need for shared discourses. This method is illustrated by the Book Choice Study, consisting of seven individual case studies with children, their parents and teachers, which reveals the importance of an individual's reading history in the promotion of either dynamic or static modes of reading. The study shows that children who engage in a shared discourse about fiction are more likely to participate in a 'literary' engagement than those who experience a divided discourse, confirming the need for a construction of response that includes children and their books.

Contexto: A influência das características do ambiente social de vizinhança nos transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) ainda é pouco estudada, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil, onde há poucos trabalhos sobre o tema. Objetivos: O objetivo geral foi investigar as relações entre as percepções de coesão social e segurança da vizinhança e transtorno mental comum, considerando-se as relações entre características individuais e de grupo bem como as medidas no nível agregado e no individual. Métodos: Essa pesquisa foi realizada com dados da linha de base (2008-2010) do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde do Adulto - ELSA-Brasil, que é um estudo multicêntrico com 15.105 servidores civis, ativos e aposentados vinculados a seis instituições públicas de ensino superior e de pesquisa brasileiras. Foi utilizado o instrumento CIS-R, que permite rastrear o TMC e possibilita identificar seis categorias diagnósticas desse transtorno. Coesão social e segurança foram medidas por meio de escalas validadas de características autorreferidas de vizinhança. As covariáveis sexo, idade, estado civil, raça/cor, renda familiar per capita foram autorreferidas na entrevista de linha de base. O modelo de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizado para estimar a razão de prevalência das associações entre os desfechos e as variáveis de exposição. Regressão logística multinível foi empregada considerando vizinhanças no nível 2 e os indivíduos no nível 1, para estimar o efeito aleatório de vizinhança e as razões de chance. Resultados: Resultados da percepção individual das características de vizinhanças indicaram associação entre pior percepção de coesão social e de segurança na vizinhança e transtornos mentais comuns, e essa associação permanece após o ajuste para as variáveis individuais, ou seja, participantes que percebiam morar em uma vizinhança com mais baixa coesão social e menos segura tiveram maior chance de apresentar TMC mesmo após ajustes para as covariáveis sociodemográficas. As variações entre as vizinhanças foram estatisticamente significativas no modelo vazio para TMC. Pequena porção da variância (2,3%) no TMC pode ser atribuída às vizinhanças. As estimativas de razão de chance obtidas no modelo mutiltinível mostraram uma variação significativa no TMC relacionada ao nível de coesão social e de segurança da vizinhança, que não pode ser totalmente explicada por fatores individuais, como sexo, idade, raça/cor, estado civil, escolaridade e renda familiar per capita. Conclusão: Esse estudo apresenta evidências da associação entre percepção de coesão social e segurança individual da vizinhança nos TMC, bem como entre as medidas agregadas da percepção de coesão social e segurança e TMC, mesmo após ajustes das variáveis individuais. Aproximadamente 2,3% da variabilidade na prevalência do TMC foram atribuídos ao contexto de vizinhança, e o restante ao nível individual, considerando o modelo “vazio”. / Context: The influence of the characteristics of the neighborhood social environment in common mental disorders (CMD), is poorly studied, mainly in developing countries such as Brazil, where there are few studies on the topic. Purposes: The general purpose was to investigate the relationships between the perceptions of social cohesion and neighborhood safety and common mental disorder, considering the relationships between individual and group characteristics as well as the ones measured in aggregate and individual level. Methods: This research was carried out using baseline data (2008-2010) from the Adult Health Longitudinal Study - ELSA-Brasil, which refers to the multicentric study with 15105 civil servants, active and retired ones linked to six Brazilian public higher education and research institutions. The instrument CIS-R was used which enables tracking the CMD and enables identifying six diagnosis categories of CMD. Social cohesion and safety were measured using validated scales of neighborhood self-referred characteristics. The covariates gender, age, marital status, race/color, per capita income were self-referred in the baseline interview. The Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to estimate the prevalence ratio of the associations between the outcomes and the exposition variables. Multilevel logistic regression was used considering neighborhoods in the level 2 and the individuals in the level 1 to estimate the neighborhood random effect and the chance ratios. Results: Individual perception results of neighborhood characteristics indicated association between worst perception of social cohesion and neighborhood safety perception and common mental disorders, and this association remains after the adjustment for the individual variables, that is, participants who noticed living at a neighborhood with lower social cohesion and less safe had a bigger chance to present common mental disorders even after adjustments for the socio demographic covariates. The variations between the neighborhoods were statistically significant in the empty model for CMD. A small portion of variance (2,3%) in the CMD can be attributed to the neighborhoods. The chances ratio estimates obtained in the multilevel model showed a significant variation in common mental disorders related to the level of social cohesion and neighborhood safety, which cannot be totally explained by individual factors such as gender, age, race/color, marital status, education and per capita income. Approximately 2,3% of variability in the prevalence of CMD was attributed to the neighborhood context and the rest to the individual level individual, considering the model as “empty”. Conclusion: This study presents evidences of the association between social cohesion and neighborhood individual safety perception in the CMD, as well as between the aggregate measures of social cohesion and safety perception and CMD, even after adjustment of the individual variables. About 2,3% of the variation in CMD prevalence was attributed to the context of neighborhood, and the rest to the individual level, considering the “empty” model.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-16T14:48:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1122771 bytes, checksum: 47ef984dcb205fad8b6ea3ef5c2bf8d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The intent of this research was to study how the learning process is for managers who participated in programs trainees SEBRAE / PB from the stories of their context of action professional. O methodological approach of the study complied with the following steps: a) conducting 10 semi-structured interviews with managers who participated in the trainee program in 2002 and 2008, recorded electronically on the desktop of the agencies surveyed in the cities of Campina Grande, Joao Pessoa, Monteiro and Guarabira, the approach used was qualitative type, using the method of oral history and narrative analysis technique to get the results. With major research findings concluded that the model adopted by the trainee program SEBRAE / PB selective in its early stages consists of using selection criteria of professionals with higher education curriculum that address supplemented by graduate students; by application logical and behavioral testing. The program emerged from individual and collective skills such as teamwork, group leadership, conflict management, creativity and communication. The reasons revealed to be a trainee: to know, learn, grow, contribute, merge experience, working with people, believe in the company. The dynamic learning environment and challenging routines and activities included in project execution; service to a diverse audience of artisans, farmers, entrepreneurs of micro and small agricultural businesses, conducting missions in conditions that made travel risky and unsafe ; achievements of local and state events. The meanings of experience as a trainee were the importance of context and social support in the face of difficulty of the exercise activity, to reflect on their practices and the discovery of skills and abilities acquired through professional performance. Learning as a manager is also revealed as surrounded by antagonistic feelings, some received social support in the internal and external environment where others lived and worked the experience of not being legitimized as managers worked in agencies where, colleagues and other senior managers, which led to isolation from peers. The legitimacy of the trainee program was through promotions, autonomy of action, the positive results and the dissemination of the results of their actions in the media nationwide and internationally. The factors that contributed to the practice of the trainees were able to work with people, represent the interests of SEBRAE / PB, build partnerships, strengthen existing relationships have developed through the skills and training, social support within and outside the work are limited and and for the management, structure and format of the trainee program, administrative and functional structure of the company; context of the practice, attitude and perception of colleagues and personal factors to deal with conflict and change. / Este estudo objetivou analisar como ocorre o processo de aprendizagem de gerentes que participaram de programas trainees do SEBRAE/PB a partir das histórias do seu contexto da ação profissional. O caminho metodológico do estudo abrangeu as seguintes etapas: a) realização de 10 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com gerentes que participaram do programa trainee nos anos de 2002 e 2008, gravadas por meio eletrônico no ambiente de trabalho dos pesquisados nas agências das cidades de Campina Grande, João Pessoa, Monteiro e Guarabira; a abordagem utilizada foi do tipo qualitativa, com utilização do método da História Oral e da técnica de análise de narrativa para chegar aos resultados. Os resultados da pesquisa revelaram que o modelo de programa trainee adotado pelo SEBRAE/PB em sua fase seletiva é constituído de etapas que utilizam critérios de escolha de profissionais com currículo que contemplem formação superior complementada por pós-graduação; por meio de aplicação de testes lógicos e comportamentais. Do programa emergiram competências individuais e coletivas como: trabalhar em equipe, liderança de grupos, gestão de conflitos, criatividade e comunicação. Os motivos revelados para ser um trainee são os seguintes: conhecer, aprender, crescer contribuir, mesclar experiências; trabalhar com pessoas, acreditar na empresa. O contexto de aprendizagem é dinâmico e desafiador, com rotinas e atividades que incluíam execução de projetos em; atendimento a um público diversificado de artesãos, agricultores, empresários de micro e pequenos negócios agrícolas; condução de missões com viagens feitas em condições consideradas arriscadas e pouco seguras; realizações de eventos locais e estaduais. Os significados da experiência como um trainee envolvem a importância do contexto e do apoio social diante das dificuldades do exercício da atividade; a reflexão sobre suas práticas e da descoberta de competências e habilidades adquiridas por meio da atuação profissional. O aprendizado como gerente é revelado também como permeado de sentimentos antagônicos, pois alguns receberam apoio social no ambiente interno e externo onde atuavam e outros viveram a experiência de não terem sido legitimados como gerentes nas agências onde atuavam pelos colegas e por outros gerentes mais antigos, o que acarretou isolamento dos pares. A legitimação do programa trainee ocorreu por meio de promoções; autonomia de ações, resultados positivos das avaliações; divulgação dos resultados de suas ações em veículos de comunicação de alcance nacional e internacional. Os fatores que contribuíram para a prática dos trainees foram a possibilidade de trabalhar com pessoas, representar os interesses do SEBRAE/PB, firmar parcerias, estreitar as relações, ter se desenvolvido por meio das capacitações e treinamentos, o apoio social dentro e fora do ambiente de trabalho e os limitaram são relativos à gestão, estrutura e formato do programa trainee; estrutura administrativa e funcional da empresa; contexto da prática, atitude e percepção de colegas e fatores pessoais para lidar com conflitos e mudança.

Contexto: A influência das características do ambiente social de vizinhança nos transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) ainda é pouco estudada, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil, onde há poucos trabalhos sobre o tema. Objetivos: O objetivo geral foi investigar as relações entre as percepções de coesão social e segurança da vizinhança e transtorno mental comum, considerando-se as relações entre características individuais e de grupo bem como as medidas no nível agregado e no individual. Métodos: Essa pesquisa foi realizada com dados da linha de base (2008-2010) do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde do Adulto - ELSA-Brasil, que é um estudo multicêntrico com 15.105 servidores civis, ativos e aposentados vinculados a seis instituições públicas de ensino superior e de pesquisa brasileiras. Foi utilizado o instrumento CIS-R, que permite rastrear o TMC e possibilita identificar seis categorias diagnósticas desse transtorno. Coesão social e segurança foram medidas por meio de escalas validadas de características autorreferidas de vizinhança. As covariáveis sexo, idade, estado civil, raça/cor, renda familiar per capita foram autorreferidas na entrevista de linha de base. O modelo de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizado para estimar a razão de prevalência das associações entre os desfechos e as variáveis de exposição. Regressão logística multinível foi empregada considerando vizinhanças no nível 2 e os indivíduos no nível 1, para estimar o efeito aleatório de vizinhança e as razões de chance. Resultados: Resultados da percepção individual das características de vizinhanças indicaram associação entre pior percepção de coesão social e de segurança na vizinhança e transtornos mentais comuns, e essa associação permanece após o ajuste para as variáveis individuais, ou seja, participantes que percebiam morar em uma vizinhança com mais baixa coesão social e menos segura tiveram maior chance de apresentar TMC mesmo após ajustes para as covariáveis sociodemográficas. As variações entre as vizinhanças foram estatisticamente significativas no modelo vazio para TMC. Pequena porção da variância (2,3%) no TMC pode ser atribuída às vizinhanças. As estimativas de razão de chance obtidas no modelo mutiltinível mostraram uma variação significativa no TMC relacionada ao nível de coesão social e de segurança da vizinhança, que não pode ser totalmente explicada por fatores individuais, como sexo, idade, raça/cor, estado civil, escolaridade e renda familiar per capita. Conclusão: Esse estudo apresenta evidências da associação entre percepção de coesão social e segurança individual da vizinhança nos TMC, bem como entre as medidas agregadas da percepção de coesão social e segurança e TMC, mesmo após ajustes das variáveis individuais. Aproximadamente 2,3% da variabilidade na prevalência do TMC foram atribuídos ao contexto de vizinhança, e o restante ao nível individual, considerando o modelo “vazio”. / Context: The influence of the characteristics of the neighborhood social environment in common mental disorders (CMD), is poorly studied, mainly in developing countries such as Brazil, where there are few studies on the topic. Purposes: The general purpose was to investigate the relationships between the perceptions of social cohesion and neighborhood safety and common mental disorder, considering the relationships between individual and group characteristics as well as the ones measured in aggregate and individual level. Methods: This research was carried out using baseline data (2008-2010) from the Adult Health Longitudinal Study - ELSA-Brasil, which refers to the multicentric study with 15105 civil servants, active and retired ones linked to six Brazilian public higher education and research institutions. The instrument CIS-R was used which enables tracking the CMD and enables identifying six diagnosis categories of CMD. Social cohesion and safety were measured using validated scales of neighborhood self-referred characteristics. The covariates gender, age, marital status, race/color, per capita income were self-referred in the baseline interview. The Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to estimate the prevalence ratio of the associations between the outcomes and the exposition variables. Multilevel logistic regression was used considering neighborhoods in the level 2 and the individuals in the level 1 to estimate the neighborhood random effect and the chance ratios. Results: Individual perception results of neighborhood characteristics indicated association between worst perception of social cohesion and neighborhood safety perception and common mental disorders, and this association remains after the adjustment for the individual variables, that is, participants who noticed living at a neighborhood with lower social cohesion and less safe had a bigger chance to present common mental disorders even after adjustments for the socio demographic covariates. The variations between the neighborhoods were statistically significant in the empty model for CMD. A small portion of variance (2,3%) in the CMD can be attributed to the neighborhoods. The chances ratio estimates obtained in the multilevel model showed a significant variation in common mental disorders related to the level of social cohesion and neighborhood safety, which cannot be totally explained by individual factors such as gender, age, race/color, marital status, education and per capita income. Approximately 2,3% of variability in the prevalence of CMD was attributed to the neighborhood context and the rest to the individual level individual, considering the model as “empty”. Conclusion: This study presents evidences of the association between social cohesion and neighborhood individual safety perception in the CMD, as well as between the aggregate measures of social cohesion and safety perception and CMD, even after adjustment of the individual variables. About 2,3% of the variation in CMD prevalence was attributed to the context of neighborhood, and the rest to the individual level, considering the “empty” model.

Contexto: A influência das características do ambiente social de vizinhança nos transtornos mentais comuns (TMC) ainda é pouco estudada, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil, onde há poucos trabalhos sobre o tema. Objetivos: O objetivo geral foi investigar as relações entre as percepções de coesão social e segurança da vizinhança e transtorno mental comum, considerando-se as relações entre características individuais e de grupo bem como as medidas no nível agregado e no individual. Métodos: Essa pesquisa foi realizada com dados da linha de base (2008-2010) do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde do Adulto - ELSA-Brasil, que é um estudo multicêntrico com 15.105 servidores civis, ativos e aposentados vinculados a seis instituições públicas de ensino superior e de pesquisa brasileiras. Foi utilizado o instrumento CIS-R, que permite rastrear o TMC e possibilita identificar seis categorias diagnósticas desse transtorno. Coesão social e segurança foram medidas por meio de escalas validadas de características autorreferidas de vizinhança. As covariáveis sexo, idade, estado civil, raça/cor, renda familiar per capita foram autorreferidas na entrevista de linha de base. O modelo de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizado para estimar a razão de prevalência das associações entre os desfechos e as variáveis de exposição. Regressão logística multinível foi empregada considerando vizinhanças no nível 2 e os indivíduos no nível 1, para estimar o efeito aleatório de vizinhança e as razões de chance. Resultados: Resultados da percepção individual das características de vizinhanças indicaram associação entre pior percepção de coesão social e de segurança na vizinhança e transtornos mentais comuns, e essa associação permanece após o ajuste para as variáveis individuais, ou seja, participantes que percebiam morar em uma vizinhança com mais baixa coesão social e menos segura tiveram maior chance de apresentar TMC mesmo após ajustes para as covariáveis sociodemográficas. As variações entre as vizinhanças foram estatisticamente significativas no modelo vazio para TMC. Pequena porção da variância (2,3%) no TMC pode ser atribuída às vizinhanças. As estimativas de razão de chance obtidas no modelo mutiltinível mostraram uma variação significativa no TMC relacionada ao nível de coesão social e de segurança da vizinhança, que não pode ser totalmente explicada por fatores individuais, como sexo, idade, raça/cor, estado civil, escolaridade e renda familiar per capita. Conclusão: Esse estudo apresenta evidências da associação entre percepção de coesão social e segurança individual da vizinhança nos TMC, bem como entre as medidas agregadas da percepção de coesão social e segurança e TMC, mesmo após ajustes das variáveis individuais. Aproximadamente 2,3% da variabilidade na prevalência do TMC foram atribuídos ao contexto de vizinhança, e o restante ao nível individual, considerando o modelo “vazio”. / Context: The influence of the characteristics of the neighborhood social environment in common mental disorders (CMD), is poorly studied, mainly in developing countries such as Brazil, where there are few studies on the topic. Purposes: The general purpose was to investigate the relationships between the perceptions of social cohesion and neighborhood safety and common mental disorder, considering the relationships between individual and group characteristics as well as the ones measured in aggregate and individual level. Methods: This research was carried out using baseline data (2008-2010) from the Adult Health Longitudinal Study - ELSA-Brasil, which refers to the multicentric study with 15105 civil servants, active and retired ones linked to six Brazilian public higher education and research institutions. The instrument CIS-R was used which enables tracking the CMD and enables identifying six diagnosis categories of CMD. Social cohesion and safety were measured using validated scales of neighborhood self-referred characteristics. The covariates gender, age, marital status, race/color, per capita income were self-referred in the baseline interview. The Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to estimate the prevalence ratio of the associations between the outcomes and the exposition variables. Multilevel logistic regression was used considering neighborhoods in the level 2 and the individuals in the level 1 to estimate the neighborhood random effect and the chance ratios. Results: Individual perception results of neighborhood characteristics indicated association between worst perception of social cohesion and neighborhood safety perception and common mental disorders, and this association remains after the adjustment for the individual variables, that is, participants who noticed living at a neighborhood with lower social cohesion and less safe had a bigger chance to present common mental disorders even after adjustments for the socio demographic covariates. The variations between the neighborhoods were statistically significant in the empty model for CMD. A small portion of variance (2,3%) in the CMD can be attributed to the neighborhoods. The chances ratio estimates obtained in the multilevel model showed a significant variation in common mental disorders related to the level of social cohesion and neighborhood safety, which cannot be totally explained by individual factors such as gender, age, race/color, marital status, education and per capita income. Approximately 2,3% of variability in the prevalence of CMD was attributed to the neighborhood context and the rest to the individual level individual, considering the model as “empty”. Conclusion: This study presents evidences of the association between social cohesion and neighborhood individual safety perception in the CMD, as well as between the aggregate measures of social cohesion and safety perception and CMD, even after adjustment of the individual variables. About 2,3% of the variation in CMD prevalence was attributed to the context of neighborhood, and the rest to the individual level, considering the “empty” model.

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-06-09T14:09:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Cassio Silva do Nascimento.pdf: 979351 bytes, checksum: 98c7d238ef8ae54933dee49370e8f877 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-09T14:09:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Cassio Silva do Nascimento.pdf: 979351 bytes, checksum: 98c7d238ef8ae54933dee49370e8f877 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-12 / This research aims to generally review what constitutes strategy, such as content and process, in an association exporter of mango in the Sao Francisco Valley, specifically in the irrigated perimeter Maniçoba/BA. Today in a globalized world, the international market becomes a reality not just for large organizations, but also for any kind of company. In this sense, the international environment affects both large companies and small businesses, and become the object of evaluation. Thus, regardless of type and size of the organization, it is reorganized, constructing and deconstructing it, in relation to their environment, outlined in a deliberate or emergent. This work will then use of an exploratory and descriptive, using a method explanatory case study, which is the intensive research of a current phenomenon in detail. It is expected to promote greater understanding of the development and articulation of organizational structure and goals of building partnerships, for better placement of them in a new highly competitive. / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo geral, analisar o que se constitui estratégia, como conteúdo e processo, em uma Associação exportadora da manga do Vale do São Francisco, especificamente no perímetro irrigado de Maniçoba/BA. Hoje em um mundo globalizado, o mercado internacional passa a ser uma realidade não apenas para as grandes organizações, mas também para todo tipo de empresa. Neste sentido, o contexto internacional afeta tanto as grandes empresas, como as pequenas empresas, e passam a ser objeto de avaliação das mesmas. Assim, independentemente do tipo e tamanho da organização, a mesma se reorganiza, construindo-se e desconstruindo-se, com relação ao seu ambiente, elaborada de forma deliberada ou emergente. Este trabalho utilizou-se então, de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, usando como método explicativo o estudo de caso e análise de conteúdo, que se constitui a investigação intensiva de um fenômeno atual, detalhadamentea. Tendo sido demonstrado então a influência do contexto social, sobre o conteúdo estratégico, e o processo estratégico. Espera-se contribuir para um maior entendimento dos processos de desenvolvimento e articulação da estruturação organizacional e construção de objetivos das associações, para um melhor posicionamento das mesmas em um novo cenário altamente competitivo.