This exegesis traces a path through the production of an animated work, and discusses the evolution of an individual production workflow that refigures the industrial animation process of prototyping. By incorporating spontaneity within the animation workflow, the creative output of the project focusses on the development of a series of non-narrative, process-driven temporal constructions that fuse form and process. The creative work occupies 75% of this Masters project, and the exegesis 25% (7500 Words)

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No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação_-versão final- finalizada após a defesa.pdf: 1769228 bytes, checksum: 67168ab2bebd812abd6af3547d1c509f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-26 / A função primordial deste trabalho é avaliar a eficiência da malha fiscal do Distrito Federal, instrumento que se propõe a buscar do contribuinte o cumprimento espontâneo do recolhimento do ICMS e do ISS nesta unidade da federação, atuando a partir do cruzamento de informações provenientes de diversas fontes, inclusive dos contribuintes, para conhecer a situação econômico-fiscal e apontar as medidas corretivas eventualmente exigidas ou recomendadas. Analisado esse procedimento de atuação da Administração Fiscal a partir do paradigma da regulação responsiva, que pressupõe a adoção de uma postura de diálogo e cooperação do Fisco deixando a utilização de medidas mais coercitivas na medida que o contribuinte demonstra a intenção de não cumprir com suas obrigações fiscais espontaneamente, pudemos verificar que alguns aspectos da regulação responsiva estão presentes na forma pela qual a malha fiscal do Distrito Federal se dispõe a buscar o cumprimento voluntário das obrigações tributárias pelos contribuintes do ICMS e do ISS que estão sob a sua jurisdição. Entretanto, viu-se que ainda existem possibilidades de serem implementas melhorias na forma de utilização da malha fiscal, tendo como idéia geral a premissa de que é necessário considerar que a Administração Tributária não pode ser organizada somente em torno de funções definidas internamente, mas também deve considerar as necessidades dos contribuintes, que na relação com o Fisco, precisam ser percebidos como clientes que devem ser atendidos e, principalmente, auxiliados, não sendo pressupostos de antemão como indivíduos sempre dispostos a se aproveitar das situações para obter o melhor proveito para si, deixando de pagar o tributo devido. A lógica do contribuinte também deve ser considerada no desenvolvimento e execução de programas e serviços, especialmente quando o objetivo principal é alcançar o recolhimento espontâneo dos tributos. Também é importante ressaltar que deve ser evitada a tendência das Administrações fiscais de fazer distinções muito estritas entre as tarefas de exigir o cumprimento das obrigações fiscais, de um lado, e a prestação de serviços aos contribuintes, de outro. Embora essa diferença de tratamento seja natural e compreensível, pois essas atividades podem diferir substancialmente, além de requerer diferentes tipos de servidores com habilidades diversas, é importante ter em conta que a segregação entre a prestação de serviços e outras formas de atuação é muito artificial, uma vez que estas distintas atividades interferem uma na outra, e as regras básicas de comunicação entre contribuintes e a administração tributária são aplicáveis não apenas para as atividades empreendidas na estrutura de prestação de serviços, mas também para aquelas que visam exigir o cumprimento das normas, pois todas buscam contribuir para o objetivo de alcançar o voluntário das obrigações pelos contribuintes. Nesse sentido, deve ser reiterado, sempre que oportuno, o caráter orientativo da malha fiscal Distrito Federal, que somente em casos específicos nos quais a não cooperação prevalece, deve ser utilizada para intervenções mais coercitivas perante o contribuinte. Isso porque os fatores que influenciam os comportamentos dos contribuintes tendem a confirmar a necessidade de tratar a exigência de tributos também como um fator social, ao lado do seu relevante aspecto econômico. / The main function of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of the Federal District fiscal net, a tool the intend to contribuate to the spontaneous collection of the ICMS and ISS taxes in this federation unit, acting through the management of informations collected from many sources, including from the taxpayers themselves, in order to Know the fiscal economical situation e draw the mesures needed to correct the misbehaviours. By analyzing the procedure of the Fiscal Administration using the responsive regulation paradigm, that means the adoption of a posture of dialogue and cooperation leaving the coertion as far as the taxpayers do not show the intention to accomplish their tax duties, we could see that some aspects of the responsive regulation can be noticed in the way through which the Federal District fiscal net acts to reach the tax compliance by the ICMS and ISS taxpayers that are under its jurisdiction. Although, could be seen that it’s still place for improvements in the way the fiscal net tries to reach its objectives, having in mind the idea that it is necessary considering that the fiscal administration cannot be organized without taking into consideration the taxpayer needs, wich inside the relationship with the tax authorities, must be seen as a client that, above all, need to be helped, not being presumed, beforehand, as a individual always ready to take advantages of the situations to get the better outcome for himself. So, the taxpayer point of view must be considered in developing and execution of programs and services provided by the administration to them, specialy when the main goal is to make the taxpayers to be tax compliants. As well, is important to clear the fact that must be avoided the tendency to make very strict distinctions between enforcing and providing services to the taxpayers. Despite the fact that a diferente treatment in these two tasks is natural and understandable, once this activities may differ substancially, besides requires different types of habilities, one must bare in mind tha the segregation between the collection of taxes and others forms of acting is artificial, because all these activities can interfere one another, and the basic rules of communication between the taxpayers and tax authorities have to be put in place not only when services are provided, but also when the administration wants to enforce the rule of the law, as both tends to contribute to the objective of reaching the voluntary tax compliance. In this sense, must be show, every time is needed, the intention to guide through the use of the fiscal net, and that only in few cases where there is no cooperation, the compliance must be enforced. This is so because the factors that influency the behavior of taxpayers confirm the need to treat the tax compliance also as a social factor , besides its relevant economical aspect.

Penser le rapport entre la politique, l’économie et la société civile de Hobbes à Mandeville, c’est traiter l’individu et les différentes transformations qu’il subit ; c’est-à-dire penser l’individu dans l’état naturel, dans l’état social et selon ses fonctions économiques. Chez Hobbes, pour arriver à un individualisme complet, il faut passer par un renoncement aux pouvoirs et aux facultés naturels de l’individu dans le cadre d’un état civil dans lequel le bien particulier s’accorde avec le bien commun; les biens des particuliers s’expriment en termes de propriété. Chez Mandeville le passage du naturel au social s’explique par le principe d’adaptation spontanée de l’individu à la nécessité de la production économique. Mandeville établit, contrairement à Hobbes, que l’harmonie des intérêts est involontaire et objective. D’où, l’homme économe de Mandeville est identifié par le travail ; pour Hobbes c’est le contrat qui permet de déterminer les premiers traits de l’individu économe. Dans ces deux ordres économiques différents, une théorie, que j’appelle « économico-individualiste », est ainsi nécessaire pour expliquer, comprendre et déterminer d’une part l’artificialisme de Hobbes, d’autre part, le hasard et la spontanéité de Mandeville. / Establishing the links between politics, economy and civil society from Hobbes to Mandeville is in fact studying the individual and the differents changes he undergoes. This means, analyzing the individual in he undergoes social state along with his economic functions. According to Hobbes , in order to reach complete individualism we need to go through the process of loosing powers and natural faculties of the individual within the framework of civil state in which the particular good fits the community properties; individual goods are manifested within the concept of property. Contrary to Hobbes, Mandeville states that the harmony of interests is involuntary and objective. Results from the unique interlacing of our national acts, according to Hobbes it’s the contract that determines the first features of the saving individual.

Onlineutbildning har blivit alltmer populär studieform dels då den är billigare att bedriva och utgör större flexibilitet och tillgänglighet för studenter. Däremot har onlineutbildningar visat sig vara problematiska när det gäller studenters avsaknad av sociala interaktioner, vilket i sin tur leder till ett lägre engagemang och färre som fullföljer sin utbildning. För att tillförse sociala interaktioner och ett ökat engagemang behöver studenter ges möjlighet att kommunicera informellt med varandra. Studien avser därför att undersöka hur lärplattformar i onlineutbildningar kan designas för att stötta informell kommunikation mellan studenter. Inledningsvis har en litteraturstudie genomförts för att identifiera designmål som sedan adresserats i en prototyp med designade funktioner. Prototypen utvärderades av testdeltagare genom kvalitativ metod, och genom analys baserat på kriterier framtagna ur litteraturstudien kunde fem designförslag presenteras, som stöttar informell kommunikation på lärplattform. Resultatet visade emellertid att det finns yttre faktorer som påverkar användandet av de föreslagna funktionerna och därför lyfts också frågan om enbart tekniska lösningar är tillräckliga för att lösa ett socialt beteende. Eftersom yttre faktorer som påverkar upplevelsen förändras utifrån individen. Detta leder till förslaget för vidare forskning att fokusera på att utforska en digital motsvarighet för campusförlagd “nollning”. Det är en samling av sociala event anordnade av svenska universitet som äger rum under de första veckorna av ett program, utformat för att introducera studenter till institutionen och för varandra. / Online education has become increasingly popular because it is cheaper to conduct and it gives a certain degree of flexibility to students, which does not exist in a standard on-campus curriculum. Despite this, online education has proven to be problematic regarding students’ lack of social interactions, which leads to reduced commitment and an increase in student dropouts. To provide opportunities for social interactions and increased commitment, students must be given opportunities to communicate informally with eachother. The study, therefore, intends to examine how Learning Management Systems in online education can be designed to support informal communication. Initially, a literature study has been performed to identify design goals. These design goals have been addressed in a prototype by designing features that have been evaluated with the help of participants using a qualitative method. The results of the evaluation were analyzed using criterias produced from the literature, which resulted in five design proposals that support informal communication within LMS. However, the results showed that there are external factors that affect the use of the design proposals and should be considered, as this study has not been able to explore them. This study raises the question on whether technical solutions can be used to solve social behavior issues in an online environment. This is because external factors that affect the experience differ between individuals, which makes the challenge more complex. There is a need for further research into a digital equivalent for, as an example, “Nollning”, a collection of social events organized by Swedish universities that takes place during the first few weeks of a program, designed to introduce students to each other.

El presente trabajo analiza los videos espontáneos de los adprosumers de la marca Takis en TikTok como posibles agentes de influencia en el panorama actual. Se decidió estudiar a la marca Takis por el impacto que tuvo en los usuarios de dicha red social en el año 2020-2021. Estos, en gran parte, se convirtieron en adprosumers de Takis, generando una gran cantidad de publicidad gratuita y espontánea. De ahí que se proponga en este estudio de paradigma fenomenológico y enfoque cualitativo, el análisis y contraste de opiniones y percepciones de consumidores que fueron testigos del fenómeno sucedido en dicha aplicación. Para ello, se entrevistó a diecisiete usuarios activos de TikTok, que a su vez, son consumidores de Takis. Entre los hallazgos principales se encontró un proceso en el modo de actuar de estos videos, este proceso sucita la auto-proyección del consumidor en el adprosumer, lo que posteriormente puede despertar la curiosidad por la marca. Finalmente, el estudio concluye que la espontaneidad, en los videos de los adprosumers, es un elemento que aporta emociones y percepciones positivas hacia la marca. Ya que estos videos actúan como un agente de influencia con el cual los usuarios de TikTok se identifican y empatizan por tratarse de personas sin auspicios, ni publicidad pagada. / The present study analyzes spontaneous videos published by adprosumers for the brand Takis on TikTok as potential agents of influence in the present context. The brand Takis was chosen for the impact that it has had on users of the chosen social network from 2020-2021. These users, to a large extent, have become adprosumers of Takis, creating a considerable amount of unpaid, spontaneous advertising for the brand. Therefore, this research, which is based on the phenomenological paradigm and employs a qualitative approach, conducts a contrast analysis of the opinions and perceptions of users witness to the studied phenomenon on said application. To carry out this analysis, 17 respondents who were both TikTok users and consumers of Takis were interviewed. One of the key findings obtained in this study is that there exists a specific behavior process in these videos; this process encourages consumers’ self-projection in the adprosumer, which may arouse curiosity surrounding the brand. Furthermore, this study finds that, in the videos created by adprosumers, spontaneity is an element that creates positive emotions towards and perceptions of the brand. These videos act as an agent of influence with which TikTok users identify and empathize as they are created by individuals that are neither sponsored nor paid for publicity. / Tesis

S’efforcer d’être simple, telle est l’ambition constante qui anime Jules Renard. Contraint à la simplicité par la pauvreté de son imagination, qui le conduit à privilégier la « chose vue » et à puiser à la source étroite du quotidien vécu, il ne la subit pas pour autant, mais fait de l’effacement et de la réduction le cœur de son art littéraire. La première partie de la thèse envisage le questionnement théorique et esthétique de l’écrivain dans le champ littéraire de la fin de siècle. Si Renard hérite en partie des modèles classique et réaliste, sa simplicité est surtout construite en réaction à l’ambition totalisante du réalisme et de naturalisme, qui, recouvrant le réel de langage, l’étouffe. Pour résoudre la crise générale de la mimèsis, l’auteur entend rétablir un lien de motivation entre le langage et le réel. La deuxième partie s’attache à déterminer les aspects rhétoriques de l’écriture du simple, montrant que la simplicité s’inscrit également au cœur de la poétique de Jules Renard, déterminant des choix génériques et narratifs, et nécessitant un double mouvement de réduction et de concentration, qui n’est pas sans écueils. La simplicité n’est pas pour autant un thème de prédilection qui se développerait de manière linéaire chez l’auteur, elle oriente une dynamique, ouvrant un cheminement dialectique, difficile et peuplé d’obstacles. La dernière partie en montre la dimension morale, pratique et philosophique. La simplicité n’est pas pour Renard une donnée immédiate de la conscience, mais une valeur à construire et à défendre sur le terrain politique, qui s’enracine dans un terreau philosophique fondé sur la notion d’immédiateté. / Jules Renard’s ceaseless ambition is to try and be simple. Although his lack of imagination, which leads him to favour things that he saw and to draw on the sometimes narrow everyday life, reduces him to simplicity, he does not passively receive it but on the contrary ensures that blurring and reduction are key principles of his literary art. The first part of this thesis tackles with the writer’s theoretical and aesthetic questioning, understood in the literary landscape of the late fin de siècle. Even if Renard partly inherits the classic and realistic models, his simplicity is mostly built against realism’s and naturalism’s totalizing ambition, which suffocates the reality by covering it up with words. So as to solve the general crisis of the mimesis, the writer intends to build a bridge between language and reality. The second part of this work tries to single out the theoretical characteristics of the simple style. It shows that simplicity stands at the very center of Renard’s poetics, underlies choices related to the genre or the narration and implies both reduction and concentration, which is not easy to fulfill. Simplicity is not, on the other hand, a favourite topic with a linear development, but it triggers off a dynamic, dialectical and difficult process. The last part reveals its moral, practical and philosophical aspect. For simplicity is not for Renard an immediate matter of consciousness but a value which is to build and to defend politically. It is philosophically rooted in immediacy.

L’écriture littéraire de Kerouac est la manifestation de sa quête spirituelle sous la forme du chemin de l’écrit. Ce n’est pas exactement la route de l’écriture de On the Road, qui s’élance vers l’horizon comme l’autoroute américaine, lorsque l’on déroule le manuscrit sur le sol ou l’on lit les lignes de gauche à droite. Il s’agit plutôt de la manière par laquelle l’écrit forme un chemin pour que cette quête spirituelle s’oriente à travers l’œuvre, à travers la création de l’œuvre. À mi-chemin entre le français et l’anglais, écrivain beat visionnaire, Jack Kerouac explore toutes les formes d’écriture, de la prose à la forme la plus brève d’écrit littéraire, le haïku, afin de répéter et répéter des exercices littéraires de l’esprit qui lui permettront d’orienter sa quête spirituelle et de la traduire en mots. Plusieurs textes font office d’exercices d’écriture sur le parcours du corpus des écrits kerouaciens, mais c’est dans Some of the Dharma qu’on retrouve l’exemple le plus percutant des sentiers littéraires à travers lesquels s’est engouffrée sa quête spirituelle. Cette thèse examine la notion de chemin et les articulations de la quête spirituelle à travers quatre chapitres. Les deux premiers chapitres traitent respectivement des textes en français publiés en 2016 sous le titre La vie est d’hommage et du problème de la spontanéité sous l’angle du spirituel. Ils préparent ainsi la réflexion du troisième chapitre où il s’agit de comprendre comment Some of the Dharma peut être conçu comme le grand carnet laïque des chemins spirituels de Kerouac. Enfin, le quatrième chapitre expose la signification de l’imbrication de la prose et de la brièveté littéraire (notamment les haïkus et les koans), appuyée sur la conception d’un présent à la fois impermanent et éternel. Cet ensemble de réflexions mène à s’interroger sur le sens spirituel de la voie littéraire dans un monde sécularisé. Les défaites spirituelles de Kerouac sont aussi nombreuses et lui ont permis de s’orienter, n’ayant pas d’autres guides spirituels que sa propre écriture et ses lectures. L’écriture littéraire est avant tout chemin et la traversée de ce chemin mène là où nous sommes toujours. Kerouac en donne un exemple saisissant que cette thèse explicite par ses propres chemins de l’écrit. / Kerouac's literary writing is the manifestation of his spiritual quest formed by the path taken by the written word. This is not exactly the road of writing in On the Road, which rushes towards the horizon like the American highway, when you unroll the manuscript on the ground or you read the lines from left to right. Rather, it is the way in which the writing forms a path for this spiritual quest to find its way through the work, through the creation of the work. Halfway between French and English, the visionary beat writer Jack Kerouac explores all forms of writing, from prose to the briefest form of literary writing, the haiku, in order to repeat and rehearse literary exercises of the mind that will allow him to orient his spiritual quest and translate it into words. Several texts serve as writing exercises on the journey through the corpus of Kerouacian writings, but it is in Some of the Dharma that we find the most striking example of the literary paths through which his spiritual quest was launched. This thesis examines the notion of the way and the articulations of the spiritual quest through four chapters. The first two chapters discuss respectively the French texts published in 2016 under the title La vie est d'hommage and the problem of spontaneity from a spiritual perspective. They prepare the reflection developed in the third chapter, where the aim is to understand how Some of the Dharma can be conceived as the great lay notebook of Kerouac’s spiritual paths. Finally, the fourth chapter explains the meaning of the interweaving of prose and literary brevity (notably haikus and koans), based on the conception of a present that is both impermanent and eternal. These reflections lead us to question the spiritual meaning of the literary path in a secularized world. Kerouac’s spiritual defeats are numerous and have allowed him to find his way, having no other spiritual guides than his own writing and reading. Literary writing is above all a way and crossing this path leads to where we are, always. Kerouac gives a striking example of this, which this thesis makes explicit through its own writing paths.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gissela Mate.pdf: 517584 bytes, checksum: e1b28ba8f7466aa94905c8df5863be45 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work aims to make a link between the poetry of Paulo Leminski and discourse about the passion in its different manifestations. With the help that came from the reading of the book A Lover's Discourse: Fragments, from Roland Barthes, we recognize several faces of the passion in the poetry of Paulo Leminski. Based on this experience of reading, we propose two basic subjects: the passion for the language and the language of the passion. This research develops through the analysis of eighteen poems by Paulo Leminski and it also indicates evidences of the working with passion‟s feeling: in a thematic way, addressing the speech directly to be loved, or showing the poet's fascination with language and the movement of poetic creation itself. Throughout the development of this work, we highlight the presence of passion for language in the analyzed texts, which motivated us to incorporate the loving affection in the way of looking at the subject matter and, therefore, of writting about it. This work expresses the encounter between the work of Leminski, an organic and intense writer, with a critical text that emphasizes the play value of the author, bringing some of the nuances of the poetic to academic discourse / Este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar uma articulação entre a poesia de Paulo Leminski e o discurso sobre a paixão em suas diversas manifestações. Com a ajuda da leitura da obra Fragmentos de um discurso amoroso, de Roland Barthes, reconhecemos várias faces da paixão na poética leminskiana. A partir dessa experiência de leitura, propomos dois temas fundamentais: o da paixão pela linguagem e o da linguagem da paixão. Esta pesquisa se desenvolve com a análise de dezoito poemas de Paulo Leminski e aponta indícios do trabalho com o sentimento da paixão, sejam eles temáticos, dirigindo-se ao ser amado diretamente, sejam do fascínio do poeta pela linguagem e pelo movimento de criação poética em si. Ao longo do desenvolvimento desta dissertação, destacamos a presença da paixão pela linguagem nos textos analisados, o que nos motivou a incorporação da afetividade amorosa na forma de olhar o objeto de estudo e, consequentemente, de escrever sobre ele. Assim, este trabalho expressa o encontro entre a obra de Leminski, um autor orgânico e intenso, com uma escrita crítica que destaca o valor lúdico do autor, trazendo algumas nuanças do fazer poético ao discurso acadêmico

Unresolved painful emotional experiences such as bereavement, trauma and disturbances in core relationships, are common presenting problems for clients of psychodrama or psychotherapy more generally. Emotional pain is experienced as a shattering of the sense of self and disconnection from others and, when unresolved, produces avoidant responses which inhibit the healing process. There is agreement across therapeutic modalities that exposure to emotional experience can increase the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Moreno proposes that the activation of spontaneity is the primary curative factor in psychodrama and that healing occurs when the protagonist (client) engages with his or her wider social system and develops greater flexibility in response to that system. An extensive case-report literature describes the application of the psychodrama method in healing unresolved painful emotional experiences, but there is limited empirical research to verify the efficacy of the method or to identify the processes that are linked to therapeutic change. The purpose of this current research was to construct a model of protagonist change processes that could extend psychodrama theory, inform practitioners’ therapeutic decisions and contribute to understanding the common factors in therapeutic change. Four studies investigated protagonist processes linked to in-session resolution of painful emotional experiences. Significant therapeutic events were analysed using recordings and transcripts of psychodrama enactments, protagonist and director recall interviews and a range of process and outcome measures. A preliminary study (3 cases) identified four themes that were associated with helpful therapeutic events: enactment, the working alliance with the director and with group members, emotional release or relief and social atom repair. The second study (7 cases) used Comprehensive Process Analysis (CPA) to construct a model of protagonists’ processes linked to in-session resolution. This model was then validated across four more cases in Study 3. Five meta-processes were identified: (i) a readiness to engage in the psychodrama process; (ii) re-experiencing and insight; (iii) activating resourcefulness; (iv) social atom repair with emotional release and (v) integration. Social atom repair with emotional release involved deeply experiencing a wished-for interpersonal experience accompanied by a free flowing release of previously restricted emotion and was most clearly linked to protagonists’ reports of reaching resolution and to post session improvements in interpersonal relationships and sense of self. Acceptance of self in the moment increased protagonists’ capacity to generate new responses within each meta-process and, in resolved cases, there was evidence of spontaneity developing over time. The fourth study tested Greenberg’s allowing and accepting painful emotional experience model as an alternative explanation of protagonist change. The findings of this study suggested that while the process of allowing emotional pain was present in resolved cases, Greenberg’s model was not sufficient to explain the processes that lead to in-session resolution. The protagonist’s readiness to engage and activation of resourcefulness appear to facilitate the transition from problem identification to emotional release. Furthermore, experiencing a reparative relationship was found to be central to the healing process. This research verifies that there can be in-session resolution of painful emotional experience during psychodrama and protagonists’ reports suggest that in-session resolution can heal the damage to the sense of self and the interpersonal disconnection that are associated with unresolved emotional pain. A model of protagonist change processes has been constructed that challenges the view of psychodrama as a primarily cathartic therapy, by locating the therapeutic experience of emotional release within the development of new role relationships. The five meta-processes which are described within the model suggest broad change principles which can assist practitioners to make sense of events as they unfold and guide their clinical decision making in the moment. Each meta-process was linked to specific post-session changes, so that the model can inform the development of therapeutic plans for individual clients and can aid communication for practitioners when a psychodrama intervention is used for a specific therapeutic purpose within a comprehensive program of therapy.

The Diploma thesis Organic composition in 20th century abstract Art, Music and Literature aims to explain the gradual process of liberalization of expressive means in Arts, Music and Literature during the 20th century. It describes the picture's emancipation from the dependence on objective reality, particularly V. Kandinsky's way towards abstract expressionism. In Music it traces A. Schonberg's development of the free atonality, and the stream of consciousness technique of J. Joyce in literature. The thesis' second part will be dealing with various manifestations of the organic composition after WWII- action and informal painting in the USA and Europe with its qualitative change. A musical and literal paralel to the principal of organic order will also be briefly introduced on the example of E. Brown's and J. Cage's aleatoric music and the spontaneous writing of J. Kerouac. Selected artistic personalities will be put into socio-cultural context of their time. As a result there comes a complex picture of the organic composition development process, suitable to be used as a source of information for teachers. The didactical part of the thesis will be focused on the possibility of using the given topic in the educational environment.