Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:55:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Anadete.pdf: 307999 bytes, checksum: e6bbc3c27624f68c7b4b903747b37547 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-14 / This study deals with the process of democratization of the Hospital Carlos Macieira (HCM) and its reverberations in hospital medical care provided to public servants of the state of Maranhão. We analyze the characteristics of the so-called New Public Management in Brazil and the changes that occurred in the process of organizing the management of the Hospital Carlos Macieira, as well as the process that was funded by the National Program for Publicization (PNP) and consists of the transfer of enforcement social policies, inserted in calling "nonstate public" sector. Draw up its features and contours in the management of Pro-Health. We analyze these measures as part of the reform of the Brazilian state apparatus that extends up to Maranhão and the other states of the federation as a solution to fiscal crisis announced by the Federal Government in the 1990s. / Este estudo trata do processo de publicização do Hospital Carlos Macieira (HCM) e seus rebatimentos na assistência médico-hospitalar prestada aos servidores públicos do estado do Maranhão. Analisam-se as características da chamada Nova Administração Pública no Brasil e as mudanças que ocorreram no processo de organização da gestão do Hospital Carlos Macieira, bem como o processo que foi viabilizado através do Programa Nacional de Publicização (PNP) e consiste na transferência de execução de políticas sociais, inseridas no chamando setor público não estatal . Traçam-se suas características e contornos na gestão da Pró-Saúde. Analisam-se tais medidas como parte da Reforma dos Aparelhos de Estado Brasileiro que se estende até ao Maranhão e aos demais estados da federação como saída à crise fiscal anunciada pelo Governo Federal na década de 1990.

A presente dissertação tem como objeto de estudo o programa de parceria público-privada para a construção de moradia popular no centro da cidade de São Paulo. Promovido pelo Governo do Estado de São Paulo, o projeto foi escolhido como estudo de caso para discutir a utilização do instrumento jurídico-contratual de parceria público-privada, regido pela lei federal nº 11.079 de 2004 na construção de moradia popular no Estado de São Paulo. De modo específico, pretendeu-se entender como foram feitos os estudos pelas instituições privadas no processo da Manifestação de Interesse Privado (MIP) que resultaram no edital de licitação lançado de 2012. A coleta de informação foi feita a partir de entrevista com os principais atores envolvidos no projeto, desde funcionários do Governo do Estado, consultores privados e funcionários de empresas do setor de construção civil. Como suporte às entrevistas, utilizou-se documentos disponibilizados pela Secretaria de Habitação. Previsto na legislação brasileira desde 1995, o instrumento que permite que instituições privadas ofereçam projetos de parceria entre o setor público e o privado passa a ser mais amplamente utilizado a partir de 2004, com a aprovação da lei federal das PPPs. Partindo de uma análise da própria estrutura administrativa do Governo do Estado de São Paulo, o presente estudo se propôs a entender como as parcerias público-privadas estão sendo utilizadas no setor de habitação social. / The aim of this dissertation is to study the Public-Private Partnership Program for the construction of popular housing in the city of São Paulo. Promoted by the São Paulo Government State, the project was chosen as a case study to discuss the use of the contractual instrument of public-private partnership, governed by federal law 11.079 of 2004 in the construction of popular housing in the State of São Paulo. Specifically, it intends to understand how the studies were done by the private institutions in the process of the Private Interest Manifestation (MIP) that resulted in the auction notice issued of 2012. The data collection was made from interviews with the stakeholders involved in the project, from State Government employees, private consultants and employees of construction companies. To support the interviews, documents made available by the Housing Secretariat of São Paulo State were analyzed. Under Brazilian law since 1995, the instrument that allows private institutions to offer public-private partnership to the government became more widely used in 2004, with the approval of the federal PPP law. Based on an analysis of the administrative structure of the São Paulo Government State, the present study aims to understand how public-private partnerships are used in the social housing sector.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-13T17:23:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 wassilamarianasilareceputi.pdf: 1278698 bytes, checksum: 29a9a6a58716b059325ee0dea9680655 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-09-26T17:52:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 wassilamarianasilareceputi.pdf: 1278698 bytes, checksum: 29a9a6a58716b059325ee0dea9680655 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T17:52:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 wassilamarianasilareceputi.pdf: 1278698 bytes, checksum: 29a9a6a58716b059325ee0dea9680655 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-24 / O presente estudo aborda a precarização do trabalho no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora no âmbito da reestruturação produtiva e das reformas neoliberais no contexto de mundialização do capital. Tem como objetivos identificar e compreender as relações de trabalho e emprego no setor saúde; analisar a relação de precarização do trabalho no âmbito do Hospital Universitário de Juiz de Fora da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora e a precarização do trabalho como um todo no contexto da reestruturação produtiva. A metodologia utilizada foi baseada na abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa dos dados e no método críticodialético. Utilizamos para a investigação empírica os seguintes instrumentos metodológicos: pesquisa documental, observação participante, aplicação de questionário aos trabalhadores contratados pela Fundação do Hospital Universitário e que atuam no HU/UFJF e entrevistas com os Chefes de Departamento Pessoal da Fundação do Hospital Universitário, Hospital Regional Dr. João Penido e Hospital Pronto-Atendimento Dr. Mozart Geraldo Teixeira. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram um processo de precarização do trabalho no HU/UFJF na dimensão do emprego. A realização desta pesquisa demonstrou um processo de precarização do trabalho no Sistema Único de Saúde, como também uma fragilidade do Estado no trato das regulações do trabalho no setor público. / The study examines the precariousness of work at the University Hospital of Federal University of Juiz de Fora in the context of productive restructuring and reforms in the context of neoliberal globalization of capital. Aims to identify and understand the relationship of employment in the health sector; to analyze the relationship of precarious employment within the University Hospital of Juiz de Fora and precariousness of work as a whole in the context of restructuring. The methodology was based on both qualitative and quantitative data and in criticaldialectical method. We use empirical research the following methodological tools: documentary research, participant observation, questionnaires to workers hired by the University Hospital Foundation and operating in HU / UFJF and interviews with heads of personnel department of the University Hospital Foundation, regional hospital Dr. João Penido and hospital emergency Dr. Mozart Geraldo Teixeira. The results of this study demonstrate a process of precarious work in HU /UFJF in employment size. This research has demonstrated a process of precarious work in the Health System, but also a weakness of the state in dealing with labor regulations in the public sector.

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-04-04T15:16:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 cassiareginapintomarinho.pdf: 1255791 bytes, checksum: 153743990560104322d440e311169eb7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-04-05T11:42:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 cassiareginapintomarinho.pdf: 1255791 bytes, checksum: 153743990560104322d440e311169eb7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-05T11:42:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cassiareginapintomarinho.pdf: 1255791 bytes, checksum: 153743990560104322d440e311169eb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-30 / PROQUALI (UFJF) / A reforma gerencial do Estado brasileiro introduziu um novo modelo de administração pública comprometida com a eficiência, flexibilidade e gestão orientada a resultados. Em busca da excelência na prestação de serviços à sociedade, o modelo gerencial define mudanças nas atribuições e papéis do administrador público. Fundamentando-se no modelo de gestão por competências, o presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar e identificar o gap, isto é, as lacunas de competências profissionais dos servidores públicos investidos em funções gerenciais na unidade administrativa central de uma instituição federal de ensino superior. A construção do debate teórico consiste na abordagem das competências individuais relacionadas às atividades de natureza gerencial, tema de efetivo reconhecimento no contexto acadêmico e organizacional. A proposta é avaliar qualitativamente as competências de gestão e o potencial de desempenho, segundo a percepção desses profissionais em suas áreas de atuação, para averiguar sua conformidade com as diretrizes balizadas em resultados organizacionais, as quais norteiam a reforma gerencial. Outros temas correlacionados, adicionalmente, foram objetos de discussão como gestão de pessoas, capital intelectual, gestão do conhecimento e aprendizagem. Quanto ao método de investigação, foi adotado o estudo de caso, limitando-se a pesquisa ao ambiente gerencial da universidade pública em análise. A natureza da pesquisa é exploratória, descritiva e aplicada e de abordagem predominantemente qualitativa quanto à natureza dos dados. A amostra foi constituída por gestores selecionados por acessibilidade e distribuída em dois grupos: alta gerência, representada pelos membros que compõem o nível estratégico da instituição; e média gerência, compreendida pelos integrantes do nível tático responsáveis pelo gerenciamento de equipes setoriais. Os resultados da pesquisa revelaram que, de um modo geral, não ocorreram grandes diferenças de percepções entre as avaliações dos grupos de gestores pesquisados. Em análise dos julgamentos realizados, no critério importância, todos os participantes expressaram graus elevados para as competências estudadas, considerando-as relevantes para o desempenho de suas práticas gerenciais, enquanto que no critério domínio as avaliações apresentaram graus medianos a satisfatórios. Não foi detectada nenhuma competência apontada em nível crítico de insuficiência, todavia competências relativas a gerenciamento de pessoas, autocontrole do equilíbrio emocional em situações de pressão e estresse no ambiente de trabalho, participação em cursos de treinamento, criação de ambiente propício ao compartilhamento do conhecimento, planejamento de mudanças e aquelas vinculadas à inovação compreenderam os principais gaps encontrados, sendo recomendado investimentos em aprendizagem visando o aprimoramento gerencial da categoria. A partir desse estudo, espera-se oportunizar a autoavaliação dos gestores e a reflexão sobre as novas exigências e realidades do setor público em relação às competências necessárias e fundamentais ao perfeito desempenho de suas funções. Adicionalmente, a pesquisa busca contribuir para o direcionamento de políticas voltadas à formação dos profissionais integrantes da equipe gerencial da organização pública investigada. / The managerial reform of the Brazilian state introduced a new model of public administration committed to efficiency, flexibility and results-oriented management. In pursuit of excellence in providing services to the company, the management model defines changes in roles and responsibilities of the public administrator. Basing on the model of competency management, this study aims to investigate and identify the gap, ie the gap of professional skills of civil servants invested in management positions in the central administrative unit of a federal institution of higher education. The construction of the theoretical debate is the approach of individual skills related to activities of a managerial nature, subject to effective recognition in academic and organizational context. The proposal is qualitatively evaluate the management skills and potential performance as perceived these professionals in their fields, to verify their compliance with the guidelines delineated in organizational outcomes, which guide the management reform. Other related issues, additionally, were the subject of discussion as people management, intellectual capital, knowledge management and learning. The method of research, we adopted the case study, limited to research environmental management of the public university in question. The nature of research is exploratory, descriptive and applied predominantly qualitative approach and the nature of the data. The sample consisted of managers selected by accessibility and distributed into two groups: top management, represented by the members that make up the strategic level of the institution, and middle management, understood by members of tactical teams responsible for managing sector. Research results show that, in general, no major differences observed between evaluations of groups of administrators surveyed. In analysis of the judgments made in the important criterion, all participants expressed high grades for skills studied, considering them relevant to the performance of their management practices, while the criterion field assessments showed the median satisfactory grades. It was not detected in any jurisdiction pointed critical level of failure, however competencies relating to people management, self-control of emotional balance in situations of pressure and stress in the workplace, participation in training courses, creation of environment conducive to knowledge sharing, planning changes and those related to innovation understood the main gaps found, and recommended investments in learning aimed at improving managerial category. From this study, it is expected to create opportunities for managers' self-assessment and reflection on the new realities and requirements of the public sector in relation to the fundamental skills and the perfect performance of their duties. Additionally, the research seeks to contribute to the targeting of policies aimed at training professional members of the management team of the public organization investigated.

Submitted by Michelle Holperin (mimoretz@gmail.com) on 2013-04-22T19:01:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao MMHolperin.pdf: 1654744 bytes, checksum: 30c0f19cd154cbf351882372c75696c6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2013-04-24T15:59:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao MMHolperin.pdf: 1654744 bytes, checksum: 30c0f19cd154cbf351882372c75696c6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2013-04-25T20:56:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao MMHolperin.pdf: 1654744 bytes, checksum: 30c0f19cd154cbf351882372c75696c6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-25T20:57:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao MMHolperin.pdf: 1654744 bytes, checksum: 30c0f19cd154cbf351882372c75696c6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-21 / The present study analyses the diffusion of independent regulatory agencies in Brazil, also known as agencification process, in order to verify whether this process was convergent or divergent according to two competing theoretical perspectives. To this end, three mechanisms of diffusion are investigated – political nature, top-down and horizontal – and relevant contextual variables are identified – such as the apparent turmoil between management flexibility and regulation, regulatory federalism, the presence of strongly articulated societal actors and the importance of trade-worthy coalition goods in Brazil‟s multi-party presidentialism that took place in the Brazilian process of agencification. The peculiarities of the Brazilian case, such as the creation of an independent agency for the film industry and the state-level changes that took place indicate the existence of a 'diffusion without convergence', or 'divergent convergence' since, while Brazil has experienced a regulatory agency 'boom', agencies were modeled according to local needs and the specificities of the national context. / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o processo de difusão das agências reguladoras independentes no Brasil, ou agencificação, com o intuito de verificar se este processo foi convergente ou divergente, de acordo com duas perspectivas teóricas concorrentes que buscam compreender os processos de difusão. Para isso, foram verificados os mecanismos de difusão – natureza política, verticais e horizontais – e identificadas variáveis contextuais relevantes – como a aparente confusão feita entre flexibilidade de gestão e regulação, o federalismo regulatório, a presença de atores setoriais fortemente articulados, e a importância das moedas de troca no presidencialismo multipartidário brasileiro – que atuaram no processo brasileiro de agencificação. As peculiaridades do caso brasileiro, como a criação de uma agência independente para o cinema e as mudanças ocorridas em âmbito estadual, indicam tratar-se de uma 'difusão sem convergência' ou 'convergência divergente', uma vez que, embora o Brasil tenha experimentado uma 'explosão' de agências reguladoras, estas foram modeladas de acordo com as necessidades locais e especificidades do contexto nacional.

Submitted by Biblioteca Central (biblioteca@unicap.br) on 2018-01-03T19:55:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Semiramis_Moura_Roriz.pdf: 4585667 bytes, checksum: ae6ee036105766e0eceed297a62608bc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-03T19:55:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Semiramis_Moura_Roriz.pdf: 4585667 bytes, checksum: ae6ee036105766e0eceed297a62608bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-19 / Based on changes created by administrated reform and creation of public qualification of social organization as a partnership between public administration and private institution, several qualified institutions emerged and began to execute public services. The purpose of this research is to analyze Health social organizations from the State of Pernambuco, focused on those which execute public services at Unidades de Pronto Atendimento and Hospitais Metropolitanos verifying if a partnership between public admiration and private institutions exist or if there is an outsourcing service from public administration. To do so, a deep analyze of Federal legislation as well State Legislation which qualify non-profit private institutions as social organizations were made as well a bibliographic review to find out if the link between qualified health institutions and the state of Pernambuco is classified as partnership or outsourcing. As for a conclusion, after an analyze of all arguments, it was verified that, as it was proposed by the state of Pernambuco, the health social organizations were not executing a public service as a partnership with the state of Pernambuco, instead such organizations were executing a service as an outsourcing organization. / Tendo em vista as alterações provocadas pela reforma administrativa e a criação da qualificação pública da organização social como forma de parceria entre a Administração Pública e a iniciativa privada, surgiram diversas entidades qualificadas que passaram a executar serviços públicos. O objetivo da presente pesquisa é realizar uma análise das Organizações Sociais de Saúde do Estado de Pernambuco, em especial as que atuam na prestação de serviços públicos de saúde nas Unidades de Pronto Atendimento e Hospitais Metropolitanos e verificar se há parceria entre o ente público e o ente privado ou terceirização. Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise da legislação federal e estadual que regulamenta a qualificação das instituições privadas sem fins lucrativos como organizações sociais, bem como realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico a fim de verificar se o vínculo que une as entidades qualificadas na área de saúde e o Estado de Pernambuco corresponde a parceria ou a terceirização. Como conclusão, após a análise de todos os argumentos propostos, verificou-se que, na forma como foi proposta pelo Estado de Pernambuco, as organizações sociais de saúde não estavam prestando serviço público de saúde de forma complementar em parceria com o Estado de Pernambuco, mas terceirização ilícita

Cette thèse propose un examen empirique du programme de modernisation de l’État articulé en France, entre 2014 et 2017, autour du concept d’« État plateforme » et interroge l’intérêt étatique pour la modernité technologique des administrations — souvent qualifiée de numérique. Le cahier des charges confié aux modernisateurs de l’État était le suivant : simplifier la réalisation des démarches administratives des usagers, évaluer et améliorer la qualité des services publics, investir dans des équipements informatiques communs aux administrations, expérimenter de nouveaux modes de gouvernement ; le tout en faisant participer les usagers et les agents publics. Ce programme d’action ne prétendait pas transformer tout l’État, je soutiens qu’il se présenterait plutôt comme une boursoufflure technologique sur le paysage administratif, un pli. Pour rendre compte de ce nouveau monde de la modernisation et de ces conséquences politiques et matérielles, mon travail se positionne au croisement des études des sciences et des techniques, de la sociologie de l’activité et de la sociologie de l’État. À partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée dans le service du Premier ministre responsable de l’activité coordonnée de réforme de l’État, j’analyse cette modernisation en train de se faire, sous la forme alors déterminante des projets. La thèse s’ouvre sur un état des lieux des littératures sur la réforme de l’État et les phénomènes de modernisation. Elle est ensuite divisée en quatre chapitres, chacun retraçant un projet. Tous les projets instrumentés par le design, l’ergonomie, l’informatique, l’économie et la sociologie parcourent une facette de l’action coordonnée de transformation technologique de l’État, en même temps qu’ils explorent un lieu de l’État. / This thesis offers an empirical examination of the programme of state modernization developed in France, between 2014 and 2017, around the concept of the ‘Platform State’. It examines the state’s interest for the technological modernity of public administrations – often labelled digital. The state modernisers’ mandate was as follows: simplify the implementation of administrative procedures, assess and improve the quality of public services for users, invest in digital infrastructure, experiment with new modes of government, involve users and public officials. This programme did not claim to transform the state as a whole. I argue that it constituted rather a technological swelling on the administrative landscape, a fold. To account for this new world of modernisation and its political and material consequences, my work is positioned at the crossroads of science and technology studies, the sociology of activity and the sociology of the state. Based on an ethnographic study carried out in the Prime Minister’s department in charge for the coordinated activity of state reform, I analyse this modernisation in-the-making as a process, and a project. The thesis starts with review of the literature on the reform of the state and the phenomena of modernisation. It is then divided into four chapters, each analysing one specific project. All projects, instrumented by design, ergonomics, computer science, economics and sociology, engage different facets of the state’s transformation, and explore different sites of the state.

Dans le cadre de la réforme de l’État en France, le secteur des télécommunications, auparavant intégré à l'administration des PTT, a été détaché de celle-ci par la loi du 2 juillet 1990, qui a conduit à terme à sa privatisation. Cette dernière, dont un des objectifs était la réduction des dépenses publiques principalement par celle du personnel, a été supportée pour l'essentiel par celui-ci ; au mépris de son statut de fonctionnaire de l’État, dont il s'était vu garantir le maintien, et auquel sera progressivement substitué de facto le régime courant du droit du tram.il, à travers la multiplication de catégories aux défini1ions souvent ambiguës. A défaut de pouvoir recourir aux licenciements directs, un management brutal aux effets parfois dramatiques s'est exercé dans le cadre de l'entreprise France Télécom/Orange, pour susciter des départs volontaires. Il a ciblé et cible encore tout particulièrement les agents ayant explicitement manifesté leur attachement au statut de la fonction publique. Les autres objectifs de l'opération - ouverture au marché, présentation et amélioration du service public des télécommunications - ont-ils été réellement remplis ? On peut en douter. Certes, la modernisation des services, leur multiplication et l'intégration des progrès technologiques ont eu lieu. Mais malgré la multiplication des opérateurs, les effets d'une concurrence imparfaite, dont les principaux bénéficiaires ont été les entreprises, sont restés limités en termes de tarifs pour les particuliers. Quant au service public, on peut se demander dans quelle mesure ses principes - et notamment l'égalité de tous les usagers et la mutabilité - ont survécu, devant la disparition des supports de communication traditionnels au bénéfice d'une dématérialisation généralisée, facteur aggravant de l'exclusion sociale. Ce volet de la réforme participe du recul général de la place de l’État dans l'économie et la société française, et de l'alignement progressif de la France sur des normes européennes. Il interroge ce faisant sur les méthodes appliquées. Flou et imprécision des textes de lois, décrets et règlement, et surtout interprétation élastique de ces derniers par les autorités juridictionnelles : ces pratiques interrogent quant au rôle, mire à la légitimité de la justice administrative, spécificité institutionnelle française. Elles questionnent aussi quant à l'évolution même du Droit en France, devant cette étonnante «souplesse». / The French telecommunications sector, previously part of the postal administration (Ministère des PTT), has been within the State reform framework in France, detached from the department by the July 2 1990 law, which would eventually lead to its privatization.Reducing public expenditure was the main point of the reform, the burden of which was mainly borne by the staff. As tenured civil servants, they were employed under an integrated statutory law, a position that had been guaranteed, and forbade direct layoffs. But the tenures were gradually replaced by fixed-term contracts, using a blurred pattern of ranks ; and management by the raking over company, France-Télécom/Orange, was soon notorious for its various and at times life­endangering forms of workplace violence, aimed at enticing voluntary resignation. The harassing management targeted, and is still targeting, mainly those employees who had mainly voiced their attachment to the public service. The reform had more goals, such as creating an open market, improving and enlarging public telecommunications service. Were these actually- fulfilled ? One may doubt. Modernization and enlarging of services, and integration of technological advances did rake place. But despite the fact that there were now many network operators, the market remained only partly open. Companies benefited, but nor the public, as rates did not drop as much as expected . As for the availability of the telecommunications public service, one may wonder to what extent its main features - notably equality of all users - survived, as the traditional fixed line communications system is currently being replaced by dematerialized networks, a process that eventually broadens the gap of social exclusion. Reform in French telecoms sector testifies to the general decline of the state's role in French economy and Society , and to the gradual compliance of the country to European standards. One can question the management of the process. Laws, decrees and regulations have been unclear and blurred ; and jurisdictional authorities have been using them in a most elastic way. This leads by the way to questioning the place and legitimacy of a specifically French institution, the “justice administrative”, and to wonder at the evolution of the legal system in France, in this case surprisingly “pliable”.

Alors qu'en France, la volonté de mieux prendre en compte la variabilité et la multiplicité des situations locales a conduit au développement de programmes contractuels entre l'État et les collectivités locales, dans des champs aussi variés que l'éducation, l'action sociale, le logement, l'insertion, la santé, la sécurité. Dans les pays africains, où tout est à refaire, c'est le statut quo administratif et politique. Les politiques publiques sont décidées et mises en œuvre par l'État central. La politique de décentralisation fut enclenchée dans les années 90 suite à l'émergence de la démocratie dans la plupart des pays africains.Au Mali, les premières lois de décentralisation furent adoptées en 1993. Face aux déséquilibres territoriaux qui pénalisent leur régime de croissance et donc la création d'emploi, les pays africains sont de nos jours progressivement conduits à faire évoluer leurs modes de gouvernance. Le modèle actuel d'organisation territoriale et de planification centralisée de l'espace semble non seulement inefficace mais, également inadapté aux réalités économiques et sociales. L'État central est à lui seul en incapacité d'assurer un meilleur équilibre territorial, de réguler la croissance urbaine, de conduire et d'impulser des démarches stratégiques pour lutter contre la fracture territoriale. La territorialisation des politiques publiques passe forcément par une politique de décentralisation courageuse visant à conférer aux échelons territoriaux locaux des pouvoirs étendus de planification et d'aménagement de leur territoire.Après 20 ans de décentralisation au Mali, une réforme approfondie s'avère indispensable. Une réforme qui mettrait les collectivités territoriales au cœur des politiques de développement et de lutte contre les déséquilibres territoriaux. Les collectivités territoriales dotées de compétences étendues doivent pouvoir rendre l'action publique plus proche et plus efficace tout en l'adaptant à la diversité des territoires. Mais ces démarches stratégiques locales ne seront crédibles et efficaces, dans le contexte de ces pays, qu'à la condition d'être impulsées, accompagnées et encadrées par le niveau national tout en associant les décideurs publics locaux. C'est tout l'enjeu des politiques territoriales intégrées basées et construites sur des dynamiques d'acteurs locaux dans un système de gouvernance multi-niveaux qui est ici posé. / While in France, the desire to take better account of the variability and multiplicity of local situations has led to the development of contractual programmes between the State and local authorities, in fields as varied as education, social action, housing, integration, health and safety. In African countries, where everything has to be redone, it is the administrative and political status quo. Public policies are decided and implemented by the central state. The decentralization policy was initiated in the 1990s following the emergence of democracy in most African countries.In Mali, the first decentralization laws were adopted in 1993. Faced with territorial imbalances that penalize their growth regime and thus job creation, African countries are nowadays gradually being led to change their modes of governance. The current model of territorial organization and centralized spatial planning seems not only ineffective but also inadequate to economic and social realities. The central state alone is unable to ensure a better territorial balance, to regulate urban growth, to lead and promote strategic approaches to combat the territorial divide. The territorialisation of public policies necessarily requires a courageous decentralisation policy aimed at giving local territorial levels extensive powers to plan and develop their territory.After 20 years of decentralization in Mali, a thorough reform is essential. A reform that would put local and regional authorities at the heart of development policies and the fight against territorial imbalances. Local and regional authorities with extensive powers must be able to make public action closer and more effective while adapting it to the diversity of territories. But these local strategic approaches will only be credible and effective, in the context of these countries, if they are promoted, supported and supervised by the national level while involving local public decision-makers. The whole issue of integrated territorial policies based and built on the dynamics of local actors in a multi-level governance system is at stake here.

A central theme in the comparative political economy of the welfare state is the complementaries between political institutions, social policy, and labour markets. Yet little has been written to uncover this political-economic nexus in China, the world’s second largest economy. This thesis partly addresses this gap by studying the country’s public pension arrangement, the most expensive component of the Chinese welfare state. It reveals the working of the political-economic nexus in contemporary China by showing how it leads to two puzzling characteristics of the Chinese pension system, namely the rapid expansion in the absence of electoral pressures and the persistent regional fragmentation despite an authoritarian central government. It argues that the decentralised authoritarianism, in which China’s authoritarian central state delegates to regional governments and motivates them to achieve its developmental goals, drives municipal authorities to compete with each other in generating economic growth. In the inter-municipal economic competition, local leaders adopt an expansionary yet localising pension policy. This facilitates the formation of specific industrial skills, which are productive for particular local industries, and the retention of skilled industrial workers. All of this is important to local economic development in a context of industrial upgrading and labour market tightening. It is argued this is the political-economic logic of China’s pension system.