This project puts the focus on promoting the importance of bringing attention to mental health in developing countries. It aims to connect people with mental disorders with the help needed to improve their wellbeing. Through the methodology of design thinking and theories of wellbeing and inclusive design, a design proposal is developed. With the situation of COVID-19, people’s wellbeing has become an important issue that needs to be addressed. Apart from physical health, mental health also plays a big role in bridging people into their optimum state of wellbeing. However, the decreasing number of available mental health services has made it difficult for the people to get the help needed, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia, where it had already been limited prior to the pandemic. The primary reason being how mental health is stigmatised, which hinders people from getting the help they need to improve wellbeing. The proposed service design, Discover the Stigma, shows a tool developed alongside stakeholders that enables people in Indonesia to get connected with the help needed and to understand, maintain, and/or improve their wellbeing. It is intended that the tool would provide comfort for people who feel stigmatised within the society and for society to understand them better.

Ce mémoire porte un regard sociologique pour comprendre globalement le phénomène du Revenge Porn chez les adolescentes/jeunes adultes de 16 à 25 ans se considérant victimes de cette pratique. Plus précisément, il s’intéresse, d’un point de vue phénoménologique, à leurs perceptions du phénomène du revenge porn. Notre analyse se base sur les histoires et les expériences vécues de quatre femmes se considérant comme victimes et une cinquième personne qui est la co-fondatrice de l’association stop fisha, établie en France, qui nous a parlé de son expérience et des divers cas auxquels elle devait faire face. Ce mémoire aborde divers aspects tels que les conséquences dans leurs vies de tous les jours, le victim blaming, la perception de la Justice dans ce genre d’affaires, le désir ou non de porter plainte et pour quelles raisons, la stigmatisation du nom peu flatteur du Revenge Porn qui laisserait sous-entendre de prime abord qu’elles ont fait quelque chose de mal auparavant, ainsi que des projets à mettre en place préventivement pour pouvoir lutter contre le Revenge Porn.

Plusieurs personnes peuvent être victimes de stigmatisation en raison de leur poids (Wang & al., 2004), la stigmatisation étant rattachée à diverses répercussions au plan biopsychosocial (Puhl & Heuer, 2009). Des études rapportent que les expériences de stigmatisation liée au poids sont associées à une plus grande internalisation des stigmas (O'Brien & al., 2016; Carels & al., 2020; Pudney & al., 2020, Lillis & al., 2010). Des auteurs soulèvent que la stigmatisation par rapport au poids, à l'instar de l'internalisation des stigmas liés au poids, affecte le bien-être émotionnel (Carr et al., 2007). Le partenaire amoureux a été identifié comme source primaire de stigmatisation liée au poids (Falkner & al. 1999). À cet effet, les résultats de certaines études portant sur bien-être émotionnel et la satisfaction conjugale suggèrent que vivre des expériences de stigmatisation liée au poids venant du partenaire, ainsi que le fait d'internaliser les stigmas reçus, sont liés à un plus faible bien-être émotionnel chez les membres d'un couple, ainsi qu'à une moins bonne qualité de la relation conjugale (Eisenberg & al., 2017; Sheets & Ajmere, 2005; Evans et Stukas, 2007; Cohn, 2020; Carels & al., 2020). L'objectif de la présente étude est d'examiner l'effet médiateur des émotions négatives ressenties envers le partenaire dans la relation entre la stigmatisation liée au poids et les conflits au sein du couple, pour les hommes et les femmes, et de vérifier la présence d'une possible implication de l'internalisation des stigmas en tant que modérateur dans ce modèle. Trente-neuf couples d'individus âgés de 18 à 55 ans ont pris part à deux visites en laboratoire pour compléter des questionnaires en ligne et remplir, entre les visites, un journal quotidien en ligne pendant deux semaines comprenant des questions sur les expériences de stigmatisation liées au poids, les émotions négatives envers le partenaire et les conflits avec le partenaire. La grandeur et le poids de chaque participant ont également été mesurés lors des visites. Des analyses de régression linéaire ont été effectuées pour vérifier l'effet médiateur des émotions négatives sur la relation être la stigmatisation liée au poids et les conflits conjugaux. Chez les hommes, un effet indirect significatif a été trouvé entre la stigmatisation liée au poids et les conflits conjugaux via les émotions négatives. Chez les femmes, l'effet indirect est significatif lorsque le modèle prend en compte le rôle modérateur de l'internalisation des stigmas liés au poids entre l'expérience de stigmatisation et les émotions négatives. La stigmatisation liée au poids corporelle de la part du partenaire devrait être davantage investiguée et adressée en présence de conflits conjugaux.

Cette étude exploratoire à devis multi-méthode a pour objectif principal de documenter le vécu de la stigmatisation liée au diabète chez les immigrants appartenant aux minorités ethnoculturelles, et d’explorer les relations entre cette stigmatisation et l’engagement des immigrants en recherche (étude qualitative à visée descriptive). Elle a également comme sous objectif de valider un outil de mesure en français de la stigmatisation liée au diabète afin de mieux orienter les interventions de santé et les recherches futures (étude quantitative transversale). Nous avons mené des entrevues semi-structurées et administré une échelle de stigmatisation préalablement traduite en français, auprès de 30 immigrants vivant avec le diabète. Les résultats montrent que le vécu de la stigmatisation liée au diabète est bien réel chez les immigrants. Toutefois, les immigrants n’ayant que peu de notions sur comment ils peuvent contribuer à la recherche, il est difficile de retracer un lien entre ces deux concepts. Cependant, des barrières spécifiques à l’engagement en recherche des immigrants ont été énoncées, ainsi que des recommandations pour y remédier. Nos résultats ont également permis de proposer à la littérature un nouvel outil en français pour mesurer la stigmatisation liée au diabète tout particulièrement chez les immigrants. / 355192\u

No description available.

Over the years, growing concerns were raised about the serious effect that HIV stigma has on the global HIV and AIDS-prevention response, with appeals to regard HIV stigma reduction as one of the most important factors that need to be addressed in any HIV-prevention strategy. Studies have found scant evidence of comprehensive community-based approaches to reduce stigma, as few of the existing strategies address the community, but maintain the focus mainly on behaviour change in the individual. This research study is a follow-up study to two other studies. The first study focused on people living with HIV (PLWH) and nurses in health care settings; and the second was a trans-disciplinary, comprehensive, community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness-enhancement intervention that involved PLWH and people living close to them (PLC). This HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention was specifically planned as an intervention for the community, targeting PLWH and their community members who live in the same ward in the Tlokwe municipality in the North West Province of South Africa. The objectives of the study were to explore, describe and determine whether an HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention in a South African urban area will make a difference in the HIV stigma experiences of PLWH, as well as related stigmatisation by their community; to describe the implementation of this intervention; and to determine the change in depression and psychosocial well-being of PLWH and their community before and after the intervention. The HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention defines a “hub” as a two-person mobiliser team consisting of a PLWH and a non-infected PLC who are inhabitants of the same community and functions from a “hub” in the community. The strategy is based upon the involvement of PLWH and PLC, as community mobilisers, who share their knowledge and who mobilise and empower their own community to reduce HIV stigma. A convergent parallel mixed-method design with a single case pre-test post-test design for the quantitative data, and an interpretive description approach for the qualitative data were utilised. The sample for this study included PLWH recruited through accessibility sampling as well as community members living in the same municipal ward through random voluntary sampling. Valid measures were used to determine and describe whether the HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention will affect change in the HIV stigma experiences of PLWH, the perceived stigmatisation by their community, as well as the depression and psychosocial well-being of both PLWH and the community. A sub-sample of both groups was selected by means of purposive voluntary sampling for the qualitative part of the study, consisting of in-depth interviews about stigma experiences of PLWH, as well as stigmatisation of the community toward PLWH. For the description of the HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention, a holistic single-case study design was used. Participants were recruited according to accessibility, during the various community activities, with no differentiation between PLWH and people of unknown HIV status residing in that community. Findings indicate that the HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention, as planned and implemented, was successful in initiating the onset of changes in a community through the PLWH and PLC, as community mobilisers were active in the community “hub” network to mobilise their own communities towards HIV stigma reduction, sharing their knowledge and mobilising and empowering their own community. Changes were observed on an individual and social level. Recommendations focus on using and strengthening the present community intervention, adjusting some of the scales used in this study and ensuring stronger collaboration between health and social disciplines to address the various manifestations and to change the contexts of HIV stigma. It is furthermore recommended that future HIV stigma-reduction interventions give special attention to addressing aspects of psychosocial well-being. / PhD (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Over the years, growing concerns were raised about the serious effect that HIV stigma has on the global HIV and AIDS-prevention response, with appeals to regard HIV stigma reduction as one of the most important factors that need to be addressed in any HIV-prevention strategy. Studies have found scant evidence of comprehensive community-based approaches to reduce stigma, as few of the existing strategies address the community, but maintain the focus mainly on behaviour change in the individual. This research study is a follow-up study to two other studies. The first study focused on people living with HIV (PLWH) and nurses in health care settings; and the second was a trans-disciplinary, comprehensive, community-based HIV stigma reduction and wellness-enhancement intervention that involved PLWH and people living close to them (PLC). This HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention was specifically planned as an intervention for the community, targeting PLWH and their community members who live in the same ward in the Tlokwe municipality in the North West Province of South Africa. The objectives of the study were to explore, describe and determine whether an HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention in a South African urban area will make a difference in the HIV stigma experiences of PLWH, as well as related stigmatisation by their community; to describe the implementation of this intervention; and to determine the change in depression and psychosocial well-being of PLWH and their community before and after the intervention. The HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention defines a “hub” as a two-person mobiliser team consisting of a PLWH and a non-infected PLC who are inhabitants of the same community and functions from a “hub” in the community. The strategy is based upon the involvement of PLWH and PLC, as community mobilisers, who share their knowledge and who mobilise and empower their own community to reduce HIV stigma. A convergent parallel mixed-method design with a single case pre-test post-test design for the quantitative data, and an interpretive description approach for the qualitative data were utilised. The sample for this study included PLWH recruited through accessibility sampling as well as community members living in the same municipal ward through random voluntary sampling. Valid measures were used to determine and describe whether the HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention will affect change in the HIV stigma experiences of PLWH, the perceived stigmatisation by their community, as well as the depression and psychosocial well-being of both PLWH and the community. A sub-sample of both groups was selected by means of purposive voluntary sampling for the qualitative part of the study, consisting of in-depth interviews about stigma experiences of PLWH, as well as stigmatisation of the community toward PLWH. For the description of the HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention, a holistic single-case study design was used. Participants were recruited according to accessibility, during the various community activities, with no differentiation between PLWH and people of unknown HIV status residing in that community. Findings indicate that the HIV stigma-reduction community “hub” network intervention, as planned and implemented, was successful in initiating the onset of changes in a community through the PLWH and PLC, as community mobilisers were active in the community “hub” network to mobilise their own communities towards HIV stigma reduction, sharing their knowledge and mobilising and empowering their own community. Changes were observed on an individual and social level. Recommendations focus on using and strengthening the present community intervention, adjusting some of the scales used in this study and ensuring stronger collaboration between health and social disciplines to address the various manifestations and to change the contexts of HIV stigma. It is furthermore recommended that future HIV stigma-reduction interventions give special attention to addressing aspects of psychosocial well-being. / PhD (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Questions of integration and immigration are increasingly subject to public debate in Sweden. With the arrival of many immigrants, the current ethnic housing segregation in the country is enforced. The problems associated to segregated and socio-economic weak areas are to a larger extent also defined in terms of ethnicity: connecting problems of a place to the people of that place. Research shows that many problems in these neighbourhoods exist regardless of who happens to be the residents today. Based on this, the current study aims to better understand the reproduction of rumours and socio-economic conditions in Araby, Växjö. The voices of people from Araby are brought forward in order to let them reflect about their neighbourhood. The main material collected through interviews provide an exploration of different perceptions present in relation to processes of reproduction in Araby. The material is discussed in relation to the concepts zone in transition and stigmatisation of place and mutually the concepts are discussed by situating them in relation to the material. Two new insights not pronounced in previous studies were found: the segregation unfolding within Araby, and the understanding of the neighbourhood as a zone in transition in a positive light. In conclusion, the study strengthens previous literature on segregated and socio-economic weak areas and also problematizes the application of the concepts used. The exploration lays ground for future research, in Araby, or in other kinds of segregated neighbourhoods.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.