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Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva några särskoleintegrerade elevers uppfattningar om delaktighet vid planeringen av matematikundervisningen. Studiens frågeställningar är: Vad framkommer i elevernas utsagor om läroplanen och kunskapskraven? Vad framkommer i elevernas utsagor om kopplingen till läroplanen eller kunskapskraven vid planeringen och upplägget av matematikundervisningen? Hur beskriver eleverna sin vilja till delaktighet i matematikundervisningen och dess utformning? Hur beskriver eleverna sin delaktighet i planerandet av matematikundervisningen är i jämförelse med sina klasskamrater? De fyra intervjuade eleverna har alla diagnosen intellektuell funktionsnedsättning, de följer grundsärskolans läroplan och är placerade i grundskolan. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt är Harts Delaktighetsstege, vilken även har använts vid analysen av intervjuerna. Det empiriska materialet bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer som har kompletterats med metoden foto-eliciting vilket är när fotografier används som stimuli för olika frågor under intervjuerna. Fotografierna är från elevernas egna matematiklektioner. Denna studie bygger på kontakten med elever som har intellektuell funktionsnedsättning vilket ställer höga krav på etiska och moraliska riktlinjer. Studiens resultat pekar på att delaktighetsstegens steg 3 – Tokenism och steg 4 – Assigned but informed är de steg som förekommer oftast utifrån elevernas utsagor. Steg 1, 2, 7 och 8 syns inte i materialet. Vilket innebär att de två steg med lägst nivå respektive högst nivå av delaktighet inte framkom. Vanligaste anledningen till att det eleverna berättat vid intervjuerna bedöms motsvara steg 3 är för att eleverna inte har förstått syftet med uppgiften vilket är ett av kriterierna för att nå upp till det fjärde steget. Hur och när matematiken kan användas utöver matematiklektionerna tycks vara svårt att beskriva för eleverna. Det var lättare för flera av eleverna att förklara syftet med att räkna än syftet med matematiken. Alla fyra eleverna uttryckte en vilja att få delta i upplägget och planerandet av matematiklektionerna. Det skiljer i vad de vill bestämma, ibland handlade det mer om innehållet och ibland handlade det mer om arbetsmetoderna. / The purpose of this study is to describe some integrated special school group students’ perception of their participation in the planning and layout of mathematics education and their knowledge of the curriculum. The study's questions are: What appears in the students' statements about the curriculum or the proficiencies at the planning and layout of the mathematics education?　What appears in the students' statements about the connection to the curriculum or the proficiencies at the planning and layout of the mathematics education? How do the students describe their will to participate in the mathematics education and the layout of it? How do the students describe their participation in the planning of the mathematics education compared to their classmates? The four interviewed students are all diagnosed with intellectual disability, they follow the curriculum of the special school and are placed within the regular school system. The theoretical basis of the study is Hart’s Ladder of participation which has also been used when analyzing the interviews. Research studies about young people’s perception and their stories are not that common. The empirical material is based on qualitative interviews which have been supplemented with the photo-elicitation method, a method based on photographs that are used as stimuli for different questions during the interviews. The photographs were taken during mathematic lessons where the interviewed students took part. This study is based on contact with students diagnosed with intellectual disability and that places high demands on ethical and moral principles. The findings show that two steps on the Ladder of participation, step 3 – Tokenism and step 4 – Assigned but not informed are the most common steps regarding to the stories of the students. Step 1, 2, 7 and 8 are not shown in the material. This means that the two steps with the lowest grade of participation and the two steps with the highest grade of participation didn’t show in the study. The most common reason to that what the students have said at the interviews are graded as step 3 is that the students haven’t understood the purpose of the assignment, which is a criteria to reach step 4. How and when mathematics can be used beyond the lessons in mathematics seem difficult to explain to the students. Several of them found it easier to describe the purpose of counting than the purpose of mathematics. All four students expressed a will to participate in the layout and the planning of the lessons in mathematics. There are differences in what they want to be a part of in the process, sometimes it is more about the content of the lessons and sometimes more about the methods.

abstract: Given the political and public demands for accountability, using the voices of students from the frontlines, this study investigated student perceptions of New Mexico's high-stakes testing program taking public schools in the right direction. Did the students perceive the program having an impact on retention, drop outs, or graduation requirements? What were the perceptions of Navajo students in Navajo reservation schools as to the impact of high-stakes testing on their emotional, physical, social, and academic well-being? The specific tests examined were the New Mexico High School Competency Exam (NMHSCE) and the New Mexico Standard Based Assessment (SBA/ High School Graduation Assessment) on Native American students. Based on interviews published by the Daily Times of Farmington, New Mexico, our local newspaper, some of the students reported that the testing program was not taking schools in the right direction, that the test was used improperly, and that the one-time test scores were not an accurate assessment of students learning. In addition, they were cited on negative and positive effects on the curriculum, teaching and learning, and student and teacher motivation. Based on the survey results, the students' positive and negative concerns and praises of high-stakes testing were categorized into themes. The positive effects cited included the fact that the testing held students, educators, and parents accountable for their actions. The students were not opposed to accountability, but rather, opposed to the manner in which it was currently implemented. Several implications of these findings were examined: (a) requirements to pass the New Mexico High School Competency Exam; (b) what high stakes testing meant for the emotional well-being of the students; (c) the impact of sanctions under New Mexico's high-stakes testing proficiency; and (d) the effects of high-stakes tests on students' perceptions, experiences and attitudes. Student voices are not commonly heard in meetings and discussions about K-12 education policy. Yet, the adults who control policy could learn much from listening to what students have to say about their experiences. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ed.D. Educational Administration and Supervision 2012

Au Québec, une grande proportion d’élèves issus de l’immigration fréquente l’école secondaire chaque année. Les chercheurs s’intéressent donc de plus en plus aux différents facteurs associés à leur réussite éducative, dont la relation maître-élève. Chez certains jeunes, issus ou non de l’immigration, il existe toutefois des différences de valeurs entre l’école et la famille qui pourraient participer à modifier la qualité de leurs relations avec les enseignants. Ces écarts de valeurs peuvent varier selon leur nature, leur intensité (ampleur) et leur diversité (quantité des sphères de vie concernées) et ils pourraient jouer un rôle différent sur la chaleur et les conflits que les jeunes entretiennent avec leurs enseignants, et ce selon qu’ils soient de première génération (enfant et parents nés à l’étranger), de deuxième génération (enfant né au Canada et au moins un parent né à l’étranger) ou de troisième génération et plus (enfant et parents nés au Canada). Afin de mieux comprendre ces relations, les objectifs du présent mémoire sont de décrire la nature des écarts de valeurs perçus par les jeunes en fonction de leur statut générationnel d’immigration (objectif 1), de déterminer s’il existe des associations entre les écarts de valeurs (intensité et diversités) perçus par les élèves et la chaleur et les conflits dans les relations avec leurs enseignants (objectifs 2 et 3), ainsi que les différences qui apparaissent en fonction de leur statut générationnel d’immigration (première, deuxième ou troisième génération et plus) (objectif 4). L’échantillon est composé de 1551 élèves de 4e et 5e secondaire fréquentant huit écoles de Montréal, Laval, Québec et Trois-Rivières. Nos résultats indiquent que de façon générale, les élèves issus de l’immigration (première et deuxième génération) perçoivent plus d’écarts de valeurs que leurs pairs de troisième génération et plus, bien que les élèves de deuxième génération se démarquent davantage à cet égard. Les résultats montrent également qu’alors que pour tous les élèves, une grande diversité d’écarts de valeurs serait associée à plus de conflits avec les enseignants, l’intensité des écarts de valeurs n’y contribuerait que pour les élèves de troisième génération ou plus. Au sujet de la chaleur, ce mémoire suggère que c’est l’intensité des écarts de valeurs uniquement qui aurait une contribution négative, et ce, de la même façon pour tous les jeunes. Les implications pour la recherche et la pratique, ainsi que les forces et les limites de ce mémoire seront détaillées dans la discussion. / In Quebec, a growing number of immigrant students attend high school every year. Factors influencing their educational success have thus become more interesting to researchers, one of which is the teacher-student relationship. For some students from an immigrant background, differences between school and family values may exist and may play a part in the quality of their relationships they share with their teachers. These value gaps may change in nature, intensity (magnitude) and diversity (quantity of spheres of life concerned), and could have a different association with the warmth and conflict the students perceive in the relationships with their teachers, depending on whether they are from first generation (children and parents born abroad), second generation (children born in Canada from a parent born abroad) or third or more generation (children and parents born in Canada). To better understand these associations, the objectives of this master’s thesis are to describe the nature of the value gaps experienced by students depending on their immigrant generational status (objective 1), to determine if there are associations between the values gaps perceived by the students and the warmth and conflict in their student-teacher relationships (objectives 2 and 3), and finally if there are differences based on their immigrant generational status (first, second and third plus) (objective 4). Our sample is composed of 1551 students from grades 10 and 11 attending eight different high schools in Montréal, Laval, Québec and Trois-Rivières. Our results suggest that generally, students from an immigrant background (first and second generation) perceive more value gaps than third generation students, even though second generation students stand out. The results also show that for all students, a large diversity of value gaps is associated with more conflict with their teachers, although the intensity of the values gaps only contributes to it for third generation students. Regarding warmth, our results suggest an association with the intensity only of the value gaps, and for all students. Implications for practice and research, as well as strengths and limitations of this master’s thesis are detailed in the discussion.

This thesis aimed to investigate the perception of secondary school students regarding English teachers’ motivational strategies. The investigation focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of these strategies, the frequency of their implementation, and the disjunction between students’ preferred motivational approaches and their perception of teachers’ practices. A digital survey was distributed to 46 students from a suburban school near Stockholm. To analyze the data collection, descriptive statistics and, Wilcoxon matched the pair tests were conducted to determine whether there is a significant difference between paired students’ preferences of motivational strategies and their perception of English teachers’ use of these strategies. Results indicated that students assign positive ratings to most motivational strategies. Moreover, students consistently rated their English teachers’ motivational strategy use quite highly, with a low standard deviation, reflecting that student participants shared similar opinions. At times, the Wilcoxon matched-pair test exhibits a statistically significant difference between students’ preferred motivational strategies and their perception of teachers’ practices. Despite the teachers’ high utilization of motivational strategies, students’ expectations appear to be higher.

This is a study that aims to investigate assessment and communication within visual art education. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyze how teachers and students perceive assessment, grading and communication. The study is based on empirical methods that consists of a survey that was answered by students in grade 9 and semi-structured interviews with 4 teachers that all teach visual art education. The theoretical starting point is supported by contemporary research about assessment and grading in the Swedish school system, assessment within visual art and the importance of teacher to student communication. The results found, show that the teachers that participated in the study, use similar methods for assessment where they document all processes and results to help for themselves. They also assess the process of learning as much as the result. The key to teacher to student communication is clear instructions and the need for repetition. The students’ perception of teacher instruction communication is that it is often done but less often as clear as the teachers try to make it. Assessment and grading are viewed as fair but the students also perceive that their behavior affects their grade, something that was not brought up by the teachers.

Seit dem Jahr 2001 werden in Deutschland aufgrund von Länder – oder Fachhochschulinitiativen zunehmend Studiengänge für Physiotherapie etabliert, ohne dass es sich jedoch zunächst um einen vom Bund mitgetragenen und somit rechtlich abgesicherten neuen Berufsabschluss handelt. Die rasante Zunahme der Studiengänge geht einher mit einer maximalen Varianz hinsichtlich der Dauer, der Inhalte, der fachlichen Ausrichtung und Organisationsform sowie der Anbindung an unterschiedlichste Fakultäten. Die Studierenden dieser ersten Generation sind somit diejenigen, die mit ihren subjektiven Einstellungen, Wünschen, Ängsten, Erwartungen und Wahrnehmungen über einen neuen Blick verfügen. Sie können als die zentralen ExpertInnen in der Beurteilung eines deutlich Verunsicherung schaffenden Professionalisierungsprozess betrachtet werden. Mit der Einführung dieser neuen Studiengänge (z.T. im Sinne des Bolognaabkommens) werden vor dem Hintergrund der Fragen zur Existenz einer physiotherapeutischen Identität, eines physiotherapeutischen Habitus sowie der professionellen Selbstverortung drei unterschiedliche Forschungsstränge aufgegriffen: 1. Berufswahlmotive, existierende Bilder von Physiotherapie vor und nach der Ausbildung, Beurteilung der fachschulischen Ausbildung, Berufseinstieg 2. Gründe für die Aufnahme des Studiums, Vor- und Nachteile des Studiums, Bewertung des Studiums, Erwartungen an das Outcome, Probleme 3. Einstellung gegenüber Profession, Professionalisierung und Professionalität Methodologisch wurde das Forschungsdesign der ExpertInneninterviews gewählt. Die mit 33 Studierenden der unterschiedlichen Fachhochschulen geführten und vollständig transkribierten Interviews sind dann mittels eines qualitative Forschungsdaten verarbeitenden Softwareprogramms sequenzialisiert und codiert worden, um die Ergebnisse des Antwortverhaltens der Studierenden in eine mögliche Typisierung zu überführen. Um die studentische Binnensicht beruflicher Kulturalität um eine Außenaufsicht zu ergänzen, wurden zwei weitere nicht-studentische, jedoch professionszugehörige ExpertInnen interviewt. / The first university degrees in Physiotherapy have been developing in Germany since 2001, without however, any formal, legislative introduction by government. The rapidly increasing number of these courses vary considerably with regard to duration, contents, staffing and faculty membership. In this process of professionalization the students of this first generation of higher education are of particular interest. They are the “experts”, able to look at the profession from a new and different point of view. Their perception of the profession, their insecurities, wishes, hopes and needs highlight a process which could be described as unstable and confusing. The objective of this research project was to investigate whether a PT identity and a PT professional habitus exist and how the students themselves perceive the status of the profession. Expert interviews with students from different universities were chosen to gather the data which was subsequently analysed and codified using a qualitative research softwear to identify response types. In addition to the 33 students’ interviews portraying an “insider´s view” of the cultural identity, 2 further interviews were carried out with non-student experts in the field to represent an “outsider´s view”. This resulted in the examination of these distinct areas: 1. Career choice, satisfaction with initial PT training course, experiences on entering employment 2. Advantages and disadvantages of studying, satisfaction with the degree course, expectations of the outcome, problems 3. Attitude towards the profession, the status of professionalization and professionalism

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:35:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Martha_dos_Santos_Azevedo_Pereira.pdf: 926156 bytes, checksum: ceaf999d48ccc276444c4dcb4d91f587 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-28 / Career success depends not only on adequate use of knowledge, procedures and values, but also on the sense of power (security) displayed in relation to professional skills and performances. The goal of this research is to recognize and analyze graduating students perceptions about management capabilities acquired during the Accounting course offered by High Education Institutes in S??o Paulo. Limitations and abilities that can impact on the development and on the performance of the students out on the job market were identified. For that, an exploratory and quantitative research was conducted. The data was obtained by a in loco questionnaire consisting of structured and free questions. Results show a student knowledge level of above 70% in social, technical, professional and management skills. Taken into account were skills aimed towards entrepreneurship such as creativity and innovation and value aggregation . Other professional competences were considered such as systemic view , planning , problem solving capacities and user services focus . As for social and technical-professional skills, there is an evident need for theoretical-practical knowledge and abilities in management activities such as \"information exchange\", \"crises management\", \"oral and written communication\", \"knowledge application , training and professional development\" and \"technical competence\". Thus, it is the responsibility of administration and management related teachers to create learning situations and varied scenarios that provide students know-hows that help them increase the professional knowledge and the necessary practical skills, so that future counters can use these understandings to enhance professional performance, adapting to the ever-competitive job market with up-to-date social expertise. It was concluded that the undergraduate courses in Accountancy play a central role in the development and enhancement of management skills of future accountants beyond technical dimensions and, thus, bringing them closer to the business world. / O sucesso na profiss??o depende tanto da utiliza????o adequada de conhecimentos, procedimentos e valores, quanto do sentimento de dom??nio (seguran??a) manifestado em rela????o ??s compet??ncias inerentes ao desempenho profissional. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo conhecer e analisar as percep????es de alunos concluintes sobre compet??ncias gerenciais adquiridas durante o curso de Ci??ncias Cont??beis oferecidos por IES da cidade de S??o Paulo. Procurou-se identificar limita????es e capacidades que podem impactar o desempenho dos alunos diante dos desafios e exig??ncias da profiss??o. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa explorat??ria quantitativa, obtendo-se dados por meio de question??rio aplicado in loco composto por quest??es estruturadas e livres . Os resultados evidenciam um n??vel de dom??nio atribu??do pelos alunos ??s compet??ncias gerenciais acima de 70% nos blocos de compet??ncias social, t??cnico-profissional e de neg??cios. S??o pertinentes as percep????es dos alunos quanto ?? mobiliza????o de atitudes voltadas ao empreendedorismo, como criatividade e inova????o e agrega????o de valor . Destacam-se outras compet??ncias organizacionais como vis??o sist??mica , planejamento , capacidade para resolu????o de problemas e foco no usu??rio dos servi??os . Quanto ??s compet??ncias sociais e t??cnico-profissionais, fica evidente a necessidade de dom??nio te??rico-pr??tico e conte??dos necess??rios para o desenvolvimento gerencial do contador em atitudes como: a troca de informa????es , administra????o de conflitos , comunica????o oral e escrita , aplica????o do conhecimento , capacita????o e desenvolvimento profissional e compet??ncia t??cnica . Nesse sentido, compete aos docentes de disciplinas ligadas aos aspectos administrativos e gerenciais aplicados ?? Contabilidade criarem cen??rios e situa????es de aprendizagem, que propiciem aos alunos experi??ncias as quais permitam a constru????o de conhecimento e desenvolvimento de compet??ncias, de modo que os futuros contadores possam se valer de pr??ticas gerenciais que impulsionem o desempenho profissional, o mundo dos neg??cios e o desenvolvimento social. Conclui-se que os cursos de gradua????o em Contabilidade desempenham papel central no desenvolvimento e valoriza????o de compet??ncias gerenciais para al??m da dimens??es t??cnicas dos futuros contadores e, assim, para o estreitamento de rela????es com o mundo do trabalho.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia da Silva Leite.pdf: 816683 bytes, checksum: 7898aff703f0f814bc5a3a57f515948b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The purpose of this research was to analyze the most valued characteristics of university professor in the perception of students from two private institutions. The theme was observed in historical perspective, as from University Reform in 1968, and taking as fundamental reference three periods (1970, 1990 and today) as also three authors Martins (1988, 1993, 2000, 2005 and 2009), Grigoli (1990), and Freitas (2004 a, 2004b and 2012); a question was applied to the students of graduation course in Business Administration and two technology courses (Logistics and Human Resources).The 588 characteristics obtained from 164 undergraduate students and 105 students of technological courses were analyzed as a whole, allowing grouping them into three categories: knowledge, didacticism, and interpersonal relationship; thereafter, two additional analysis were performed: for each collaborator, individually, and a comparison between courses and periods. According to the results, firstly the professor s didacticism stands out and the interpersonal relationship comes secondly, as an exception only for the undergraduate students of the morning period, for whom, in individual analysis, the knowledge is the second option. The comparison of these three moments in the history of higher education in the country illustrates that the business logic increased, to expand the supply of jobs for the middle layers of population in the 1970´s and for the low income classes twenty years later. It also shows that this expansion led to the public education this business logic, which started with the university reform inherited from the 1964 civil-militar government / Nesta pesquisa pretendeu-se analisar as características mais valorizadas no professor universitário na percepção de alunos de duas instituições particulares. Olhado o tema em perspectiva histórica, a partir da Reforma Universitária de 1968, e tendo como referência fundamental três momentos (anos 1970, 1990 e hoje) e três autores Martins (1988, 1993, 2000, 2005 e 2009), Grigoli (1990) e Freitas (2004 a, 2004b e 2012), foi aplicada uma questão a estudantes de curso de graduação em Administração e de dois cursos tecnológicos (Logística e Recursos Humanos). As 588 características, obtidas de 164 alunos de graduação e 105 alunos de cursos tecnológicos, foram analisadas em seu conjunto, permitindo agrupálas em três categorias: conhecimento, didática e relacionamento interpessoal; na sequência, mais duas análises foram realizadas: para cada respondente, individualmente, e uma comparação entre cursos e períodos. Os resultados mostram sempre muito à frente a Didática do Professor e o Relacionamento interpessoal em segundo lugar, exceção apenas para os estudantes de graduação do período da manhã para quem, na análise individual, o Conhecimento é a segunda opção. A comparação dos três momentos da história do ensino superior no país permite ver que a lógica empresarial acentuou-se, ao ampliar a oferta de vagas para as camadas médias da população nos anos 1970, para as camadas populares vinte anos depois. Mostra ainda que esta expansão conseguiu levar para o ensino público esta lógica empresarial iniciada com a reforma universitária herdada do governo civil-militar de 1964

The fundamental advancement of information technology has given rise to distance education industry hence it has helped to the popularity of distance education among people. However, for employing innovative and advanced tools universities need financial resources. Reaching to these resources is not easy and accessible. Interaction equivalency theorem can be a good solution for overcoming the financial problems but designers are reluctant to utilize it because they think that education quality will decrease due to lack of teacher interaction. This study demonstrated that students’ perception toward interaction equivalency is positive as long as they have high level of interdependency with other students. Without this level of, students are not motivated in order to continue their courses. This study by providing techno-pedagogical design and IS design theory for support of IE helps e-learning practitioners who want to design an acceptable distance educational system with limited financial resources. / Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik