Nästan 1300 personer tog 2018 sitt liv i Sverige, av de hade ca en tredjedel en aktiv vårdkontakt. Suicidnära patienter förekommer i alla vårdkontexter, sjuksköterskan ansvarar för att planera och organisera vården för dessa patienter. Suicidtankar utgör ett lidande för patienten vilket är viktigt att det synliggörs vid en suicidriskbedömning. Problemet blir när sjukvården brister i sitt omhändertagande av patienten. Vi har därför valt att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelse av att vårda patienter som uttryckt ohälsa i form av suicidalitet. Metoden som användes var en litteraturöversikt och 12 vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades. Resultatet strukturerades upp i tre huvudteman och visade att många sjuksköterskor upplevde sig ha en sämre attityd mot patienten på grund av brist på erfarenhet och kunskap. Det visade också på att sjuksköterskorna upplevde reflektion i arbetet positivt men att många också påverkades negativt av samhällets syn på suicid. Vår diskussion berör våra erfarenheter av reflektionens positiva betydelse i det kliniska arbetet och dess funktioner för att bättre kunna hantera patienter som uttryckt ohälsa i form av suicidtankar. Det behövs kunskap och ett öppnare samhällsklimat där det finns utrymme att tala om psykisk ohälsa för att vi på en bredare front ska kunna arbeta suicidpreventivt. Det behövs också mer forskning på sambandet mellan sjuksköterskans attityd mot patienten samt upplevelsen av vårdandet och vilken kunskap eller erfarenhet sjuksköterskan har av att vårda patienter med suicidtankar. / In 2018 almost 1300 people committed suicide in Sweden, about a third of them had an active care contact. Suicidal patients are present in all kind of care, the nurse is responsible for planning and organizing the care for these patients. Suicidal thoughts constitutes a suffering for the patient which is important to make visible in a suicide risk assessment. The problem appears when the healthcare system fails in its care for the patient. We have therefore chosen to describe the nurses experience of caring for patients who have expresses ill health in the form of suicidality. The method used was a literature review and twelve scientific articles were analyzed. The result was structured into three main themes and showed that many nurses experienced a poorer attitude towards the patient due to lack of experience and knowledge. It also showed that the nurses experienced reflection in the work positively but that many were also negatively affected by society's view of suicide. Our discussion relates to our experiences of the positive effect of reflection in clinical work and its functions to better care for patients who have expressed ill health in the form of suicidal thoughts. There is a need for knowledge and a more open societal climate where there is room to talk about mental illness in order for us to work with suicide prevention on a wider front. There is also a need for more research on the relationship between the nurse’s attitude towards the patient together with the experience of the caring and the knowledge or experience the nurse has to care for patients with suicidal thoughts.

No description available.

Suicide risk is rapidly increasing in children and adolescents. It is vital that research explores the causes in child and adolescent suicide risk. Research has failed to identify if the marital relationship may be correlated with this increase in suicide ideation in children. This study set out to determine if a child's perception of their parents' marital conflict impacts the child's suicidal risk. Using the Family Foundations of Youth Development project this study analyzed 1,692 parent and child participants to test if the child's perceptions of the marital conflict impacted their suicide risk and if the parent's own report of their relationship instability would impact child suicide risk. Results indicated that the child's perceptions were statistically significant in predicting suicide risk in adolescents. However, the parent's report was not statistically significant. These findings suggest that the child's perceptions of the parent's marital conflict impacts their suicide risk and should be considered when working with suicidal adolescents. Implications for working with suicidal youth is that clinicians focus on working with and treating the whole family system.

No description available.

This thesis examines the suicide preventive work done in the Swedish municipalities with a focus on the municipal officials responsible for suicide preventive work within the municipality and the state’s governance. The study uses a qualitative research design and the empirical material consists of interviews done with the municipal officials in nine different municipalities around Sweden. The intention of the thesis is to study the governing mechanisms and how the suicide preventive work is implemented in the Swedish municipalities. Furthermore, this study examines the municipal officials’ perceptions of the suicide preventive work. The officials’ perception of the suicide preventive work is essential and is a ground pilar in the work. The thesis also applies the implementation perspective along with the governance perspective to understand the suicide prevention’s challenges and the process of the work. Moreover, the thesis briefly summarizes two reports from Public Health Agency of Sweden (Folkhälsomyndigheten) regarding Sweden’s suicide preventive work in all the municipalities, regions and county administrative boards to give a summary of the work being done in Sweden as well as comparison to the interviews.    The thesis establishes that the suicide preventive work differs between the municipalities and that municipal officials have a much bigger effect on the result than anticipated. The size of the municipalities does not play a huge role, but the politics and resources are essential if the municipalities want to succeed. However, the goal of the government is their vision zero and the interviews have shown that Sweden is nowhere near its goal. The government’s use of soft power seems to have a contributing effect in this and the lack of demands in the suicide preventive work shows that municipalities have handled the issue differently: some have come a long way and have very developed work, and some have a lot left to work with.

Bakgrund Suicid är ett folkhälsoproblem. Varje år tar mer än 700 000 personer sitt liv i världen. Under 2020 vårdades 6 666 personer i Sverige på sjukhus till följd av ett suicidförsök. Stigmatisering av suicidala personer förekommer både i samhället och inom hälso- och sjukvården. Patienter med suicidalt beteende söker vård inom alla delar av hälso- och sjukvården och vårdpersonal uppger ofta att de har en bristande kunskap om suicidalitet och vad som krävs för ett gott omhändertagande av dessa patienter. Det finns därför ett behov av att sammanställa aktuell forskning för att öka vårdpersonalens kunskap och förståelse för suicidalt beteende och mötet med dessa patienter. Syfte Syftet var att belysa hur patienter med suicidalt beteende upplever mötet med hälso- och sjukvården. Metod En icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt som baserades på 15 vetenskapliga originalartiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Artiklarna inhämtades från databaserna PubMed och CINAHL med hjälp av sökord i olika kombinationer. Artiklarna har genomgått kvalitetsgranskning utifrån Sophiahemmet Högskolas bedömningsunderlag för vetenskaplig klassificering och kvalitet. Resultatet sammanställdes och analyserades med en integrerad dataanalys. Resultat I sammanställningen av resultatet identifierades fyra huvudkategorier: Upplevelser av värdighet, Upplevelser av engagemang och partnerskap, Upplevelser av stigma samt Upplevelser av en trygg och säker vårdmiljö. Resultatet visade att upplevelsen av trygghet i mötet var den mest centrala aspekten för att forma ett partnerskap och för att uppnå en öppenhet kring det suicidala beteendet. Personcentrerad vård och ett ömsesidigt engagemang framkom vara av betydelse för att upprätthålla värdighet och lindra lidande. Slutsats Denna litteraturöversikt visade värdefulla möjligheter i ett partnerskap och ömsesidigt engagemang mellan patienter med suicidalt beteende och hälso- och sjukvården. Studien identifierade upplevelsen av trygghet och personcentrerad vård som centrala premisser i mötet för att suicidala patienter ska känna förtroende för vården. Med ökad kunskap och förståelse kan hälso- och sjukvården förbättra omhändertagandet av suicidala patienter och förhindra fler suicid. / Background  Suicide is a public health problem. Globally, every year more than 700 000 people commit suicide. In 2020, 6 666 people in Sweden were hospitalized as a result of a suicide attempt. Stigmatization of suicidal patients are prevalent both in society and in healthcare. Patients with suicidal behaviour seek care in all areas of healthcare. Healthcare personnel often state that they have a lack of knowledge about suicidality and what is required for good care of suicidal patients. For that reason, there is a need to compile latest research to increase healthcare personnels’ knowledge and understanding of suicidal behaviour and the encounter with these patients. Aim  The aim of this study was to illuminate how patients with suicidal behaviour experience the encounter with healthcare. Method  Non-systematic literature review based on 15 scientific articles with a qualitative approach. The articles were retrieved from the databases PubMed and CINAHL using keywords in various combinations. The articles have undergone a quality review based on Sophiahemmet University assessment basis for scientific classification and quality. The results were compiled and analyzed with an integrated data analysis. Results  In the compilation of the results, four main categories were identified: Experiences of dignity, Experiences of commitment and partnership, Experiences of stigma, and Experiences of a safe and secure care environment. The results showed that the experience of trust in the encounter was the most central aspect in order to form a partnership and for achieving openness about suicidal behaviour. Person-centered care and mutual commitment emerged to be significant for maintaining dignity. Conclusions  This literature review showed valuable opportunities in a partnership and mutual commitment between suicidal patients and healthcare. The study identified experiences of trust and person-centered care as central premises in the encounter, for suicidal patients to have confidence about the care. With increased knowledge and understanding, healthcare can improve the care of suicidal patients and prevent more suicide.

On verra que, dans le premier chapitre de cette partie, l'analyse du parcours de Pavese, telle que présentée par Beaudry, permet de mieux caractériser ce que serait « l'âme de la fatigue d'être ». L'étude de Jacques Beaudry part du berceau pour se rendre au tombeau, en brossant un tableau complet du phénomène, sorte de cadastre en vue des essais à venir sur la question des écrivains suicidés. Quant au deuxième chapitre, il porte sur l'essai que Beaudry consacre au philosophe Carlo Michelstaedter, auteur de La persuasion et la rhétorique. La structure même de cet essai suggère un parallélisme entre création et réflexion, dans la mesure où s'élabore, dans la deuxième partie de l'ouvrage, des dialogues fictifs entre des penseurs ayant vraiment existé et le Carlo Michelstaedter imaginé par Beaudry. Aussi l'originalité des essais de Beaudry se déploie-t-elle à travers cette passion du chercheur pour l'esprit de ces sujets. Plutôt que de s'attacher exclusivement à leur historicité, l'essayiste choisit de situer leur réflexion à un niveau beaucoup plus personnel, impliquant à son tour le destinataire dans un processus d'idéation semblable. Ceci constitue, je crois, une invitation à la circulation des idées et vise à mettre en échec la sclérose sociale pouvant émaner d'une pensée unique et dogmatique. Enfin, dans le troisième et dernier chapitre, j'aborde la façon dont j'ai voulu traiter le motif de la fatigue d'être dans mon propre travail de création, travail fortement influencé par la lecture des essais de Beaudry.

Thesis (M.Psyc.)--University of South Africa, 2001.

Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults. Numerous risk factors have been identified in the literature, including poor problem-solving skills, poor family functioning, excessive risk-taking behaviors, legal difficulties, and school difficulties. Deficits in problem-solving skills and poor family functioning are typically reported together, indicating a relationship between the two. However, no previous studies have identified this relationship. The purpose of this study was to identify possible relationships between two known risk factors and suicidal ideation, to determine whether problem-solving skills taught in the experimental groups reduce suicidal ideation and improve perceptions of family relationships, and to establish if knowledge of problem-solving skills acts as a mediator between family functioning and suicidal ideation. Archival data of 285 adolescents who participated in up to 10 sessions dedicated to teaching the process of solving problems were analyzed. There was an unusually high attrition rate (64%), and so in some analyses, only data from 85 adolescents was reported. One empirically-validated questionnaire and three additional questionnaires were utilized to assess suicidal ideation, perception of family functioning, risky behaviors, and knowledge of steps in problem-solving. Knowledge of the problem solving process was shown to significantly improve over the course of the group. Although there were not significant improvements in suicidal ideation or family functioning, the change in scores was in the predicted direction. The results also found significant correlations between family functioning and problem solving and family functioning and suicidal ideation; however, no significant relationship was found between problem solving and suicidal ideation. Additionally, there were many significant correlations found between the outcome measures and many of the risk factors for suicide. Lastly, a mediator effect of problem-solving on the relationship between family functioning and suicidal ideation was found at pre-test only.

In mainstream mental health services, the current approach to suicide prevention is often based on ‘risk’ management, the identification and treatment of mental health problems. Critics have argued that using this pathological/risk framework is inherently problematic; limiting the ways in which service-users and professionals are able to work together to understand suicide, contributing to service-user dissatisfaction and professional burnout. The current study aimed to critically examine the accounts of professionals, to explore how the concept of ‘suicide’ was constructed in language, together with the effects of those constructions for both thinking and practice. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six clinical psychologists and four psychiatrists working in adult mental health services. Transcripts were studied using a method of Critical Discourse Analysis. Three dominant discourses; “not in your ‘right’ mind”, “blame” and “human-rights” and two subjugated discourses; “contextualising” and “fostering hope” were identified. Professional accounts drew on multiple, competing discourses. Suicide was dominantly constructed as the final act of an unbalanced mind, with the causes and solutions located within the individual and requiring ‘expert’ treatment; however resistances to the dominant discourse were also at work. Subjugated discourses opened up language to embed new meanings, legitimized different perspectives and explored other ways of ‘knowing’ about suicide. The study’s limitations are discussed, together with implications for clinical practice and future research.