Reducing high lost ratio of voluntary interpreters can save cost of recruiting and retraining for Taroko National Park¡¦s headquarters. The subjects of the study are the 114 voluntary interpreters in Taroko National Park. The methodologies applied here are, questionnaire and observation. The purpose of the study is to understand the relationship between the motivation of the voluntary interpreters and the job satisfaction of the voluntary interpreters to salve the problem of high lost ratio of voluntary interpreters. The findings of the study are as follows: 1.the motivation is mainly "self-growth". 2.the motivation will be changed with personal character and time passing by. 3. the factors influencing the voluntary interpreters¡¦ job satisfaction are "show loving care and support", "communication and co-operation", "responsibility and training". These factors will effect total satisfaction of voluntary interpreters. According to the findings of the study, proposes the headquarters of Taroko National Park how to provide relative courses, rich the content of work, and pay close attention for voluntary interpreters.

本篇論文研究的目的，即是以動態人文研究的方式，了解生活在國家公園情境中之太魯閣人的主體觀點，希望探究政權、觀光與原住民三者間的網絡關係。亦即，探討的焦點在於代表政權力量（相對於當地族群之外來支配力量）展現的太魯閣國家公園，其藉由保育及觀光等經營管理的理念和方式，與太魯閣人產生了什麼樣的互動關係？而太魯閣國家公園與太魯閣人對於雙方關係形成的認知及回應又是什麼？ 　　本論文分為六章：第一章緒言；第二章乃探討近代太魯閣人於太魯閣國家公園成立前在社會文化等層面上的變遷；第三章要就太魯閣國家公園的設置與運作，說明太魯閣國家公園設置的目的及其組織概況，並且了解其經營管理的方式及其對「泰雅」圖像塑造的情形；第四章是探討參與國家公園事務及觀光活動之太魯閣人所處的工作情境如何？並欲了解國家公園的設立如何影響族人生計方式的變遷與持續？第五章則論及《國家公園法》等相關法令的矛盾及雙重標準，導致太魯閣人與國家公園的對立，並嘗試了解造成太魯閣人認知解放的因素，以及族群動員的過程與結果；第六章結論，說明本論文的研究發現與心得。

En 2003 et 2009, le Conseil des affaires culturelles de Taïwan a lancé puis relancé un projet de sélection de dix-huit sites taïwanais potentiellement éligibles au patrimoine mondial, un premier jeu en dehors du jeu du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO. Après une présentation brève des sites potentiels, nous essayerons de comprendre les causes historiques de l’exclusion de Taïwan du programme du patrimoine mondial, ce qui nous fera remonter à 1949 et à la séparation de Taïwan et de la Chine suite à la fin de la guerre civile chinoise : dès lors, la Chine sera gouvernée par le parti communiste, et Taïwan, refuge du gouvernement nationaliste déchu, vivra un isolement international. Dans ce contexte, le projet semble une possibilité de contourner les obstacles politiques. Or, le patrimoine mondial fait lui-même partie d’un jeu politique. Afin de jouer ce jeu, des sites taïwanais potentiels se rapprochent de la Chine ou du Japon pour une éventuelle collaboration ; nous examinerons le pourquoi du choix de ces deux pays et les possibilités et difficultés liées à ce partenariat. Au niveau international, la marge de manœuvre diplomatique étant réduite, il est primordial pour l’île de mettre en avant son soft power pour participer au patrimoine mondial de façon significative. Au niveau national, il nous faudra également examiner le mécanisme du projet des sites potentiels ; à cet égard, nous avons constaté plusieurs lacunes juridiques et financières. Mais le facteur humain est aussi à prendre en compte. En effet, ce projet est avant tout exécuté par différents acteurs, qui doivent absolument travailler de concert pour mener à bien le projet. / In 2003 and 2009, the Taiwanese Council for Cultural Affairs started the project to select eighteen potential World Heritage Sites in Taiwan, the first step in the process that precedes UNESCO’s World Heritage selection process. After a brief presentation of the potential sites, we will try to understand the historical reasons for Taiwan’s exclusion from the World Heritage program. For this purpose, we will go back to 1949 when Taiwan was separated from China after a civil war. Thereafter, China would be governed by the communist party, and Taiwan, the refuge of the defeated nationalist government, would live in international isolation. In this context, the project seems to be an opportunity to overcome political obstacles. However, world heritage is itself political. In recognition of this reality, some potential sites are exploring possible collaboration with China or Japan. We will exam why these two countries and what the possibilities and difficulties are for these partnerships. At the international level, Taiwan has little leeway in the diplomatic domain, so it is primordial for the island to highlight its soft power and play a significant role in the world’s heritage. At the national level, we should also examine the mechanism of the potential sites project where we found many judicial and financial issues as well as human problems. In fact, this project is executed by different stakeholders, so it is essential for all of them to work in concert in order to ensure the project’s success. In addition to a strong judicial system to avoid any kind of possible fraud, education is crucial to raise citizens’ awareness of the heritage that they own.

過去幾十年來，當地社區，科學家和政府官員不得不面對日益惡化的環境惡化以及對可持續發展和資源利用日益增長的需求。 近年來,為了解決日益增長的問題，土地和資源共同管理的概念越來越受歡迎。 共同管理通常被定義為⸢兩個以上的社會行為者之間談判，界定和保證公平分享給定領土，地區或一套自然資源的管理職能，權利和責任的情況⸥ (Borrini et al. 2000) 。 更具體地說，森林共同管理是指分享責任的領域和資源與森林有關的請況。 在理論上，森林共同管理的好處不僅應該是環境，而且應該是社會經濟。 在本論文中，我將對台灣的共同管理案例研究，十多年前成立的太魯閣國家公園合作管理委員會，以及另一個最近新出現的魯凱族和 台灣林業局。 為了提供台灣共同管理協議的示範框架，我還將討論加入加拿大國家公園管理的共同管理。 我將在台灣和加拿大的相關殖民時期追溯土著國家關係的歷史和演變，以更好地了解當前原住民族和國家共同管理工作的基礎。 本論文還將討論國際原住民族權利制度的出現在台灣制定本國原住民族政策方面發揮的作用。 我將了解原住民如何適應台灣國家公園和森林管理工作的政策和決策框架。 在評估原住民族與中央政府在這方面的權力關係的性質時，我的目的是回答以下問題：台灣當地原住民族如何與台灣政府達成共同管理協議？ 在分析歷史和國際背景，政策框架和每個案例的具體細節時，我將就台灣當局與原住民部落未來的共同管理工作提出建議。 / Over the past several decades, local communities, scientists, and government officials have had to contend with increasing environmental degradation and the growing need for sustainable development and resource use. In more recent years, in order to address these rising concerns, the concept of co-management of land and resources has become increasingly popular. Co-management is commonly defined as “a situation in which two or more social actors negotiate, define, and guarantee amongst themselves a fair sharing of the management functions, entitlements and responsibilities for a given territory, area or set of natural resources” (Borrini et al. 2000). More specifically, forest co-management refers to situations in which the area and resources for which responsibility is being shared are forest-related. In theory, the benefits of forest co-management should not only be environmental, but socioeconomic as well. In this thesis, I will conduct two case studies of co-management in Taiwan, the Taroko National Park co-management committee, which was established over a decade ago, and another more recently emerging case of co-management between Rukai indigenous peoples and the Taiwan Forestry Bureau. In order to provide a model framework for Taiwanese co-management agreements, I will also discuss co-management as it has been incorporated into Canadian national park management. I will trace the history and evolution of indigenous-state relations across the pertinent periods of colonization in both Taiwan and Canada to better understand the foundations upon which current indigenous-state co-management efforts have been constructed. This thesis will also touch upon the role that the emergence of an international indigenous rights regime has played in shaping domestic indigenous policies in Taiwan. I will identify how indigenous peoples fit into the policy and decision-making frameworks of Taiwan’s national park and forest management efforts. In assessing the nature of power relations between indigenous peoples and the central government in this context, I aim to answer the following question: how do local Taiwanese indigenous peoples engage in co-management agreements with the state government of Taiwan? Upon analyzing the historical and international contexts, the policy frameworks, and the specific details of each case, I will posit suggestions for future co-management efforts between the Taiwanese state government and indigenous communities.