本文採個案分析法，其分析對象為我國國家公園政策議程設定之過程，由作者試擬一 影響模式逐一檢視之。最後並比較在其他國家行諸有年的國家公園制度，以資借鏡。 全文約八萬字，共七章，二十節。章節安排如次： 第一章，緒論，共四節。闡明研究範圍、動機及方法；介紹議程設定之比較研究與扼 阻性決定概念之內涵。 第二章，理論架構，共三節，包括：政策與大眾議程間的連結工具與困境、階層化的 政策形成過程，以及議程設定之影響模式。 第三章，國家公園在我國政府與民間之議程地位，共三節。陳述我國國家公園之發展 沿革，當前之政策議程與大眾議程地位。 第四章，外環影影因素，共三節，其內容為：社會經濟背景、政策問題特質與政治結 構。 第五章，內環影響因素，共三節，含政府外精英及決策者之參與行為，與綜合研析。 第六章，中日美國家公園之比較，共二節，主要以生態保育與國家公園之發展背景， 國家公園之管理規劃為焦點。 第七章，結論與建議，共二節。

依相關文獻探討得知，我國國家公園概以全盤西化的僵硬、不適宜的法令以及與原住民的衝突等原因，使得國家公園的存在與發展，產生多面向之問題。 本文研究之目的如下： 一、藉當前國家公園警察執行公權力現況之探討，發現問題並尋求解決之道，以符當地民情及環境正義，或提供有志者作進一步研究。 二、以平地型、高山型國家公園警察之執勤與各國家公園管理處政策之推行，探討各國家公園執法及政策推展之成效，用資策進。 三、從環境正義之觀點，提出能兼顧自然保育與保障原住民權益的建議方向，建構雙贏策略，使國家公園永續發展。 本研究以我國各國家公園為研究範圍，先就「利害關係人」 （stakeholder）對國家公園與環境正義互動之探討、分析，建構出國家公園警察執法與環境正義之相關問題，採用深度訪談法及兼以實地觀察法進行實證調查研究，同步藉由實地觀察法，探討問題之核心，取得實證調查結果資料與文獻資料對照，最後以「利害關係人」觀點進行綜合分析，依分析結果得出目前國家公園警察執法與環境正義間之整合，建構雙贏策略。 本研究之實證研究結果並配合引用相關文獻之建議如下： 一、對政策及管理層面之建議 （一）近程 1、強化國家公園警察執行功能。 （1）減少行政警察勤業務，有效發揮執法效益。 （2）建立環境義警制度，強化巡山護管功效。 （3）加強國家公園執法訓練，塑造警察專業形象。 （4）策進國家公園警察執行之公權力。 2、加強警察之人文教育。 （二）中長程 1、儘速增（修）訂現行不適法令。 （1）儘速配合修訂不適法令，俾利執法有據。 （2）擴大參與仿效設立緩衝區，保障當地住民權益。 2、導正利害關係人觀念認知。 二、對後續研究之建議 本研究囿於人力、物力，僅以我國雪霸、玉山、太魯閣（高山型）及陽明山、墾丁、金門（平地型）之六個國家公園為探討範圍，建議後續研究者可以擴大研究範圍，以擴及至我國林政單位之森林地域林班地與警政署森林暨自然保育警察隊為研究領域，將可更深入探討環境正義之各類相關性議題。 關鍵字：國家公園、警察人員、國家公園警察、公權力、環境正義。 / It is learn in accordance with relevant documents, our country national park laws and regulations stiffness due to totally Westernization, inopportune laws and conflict of aboriginal cause that the existence and development of the national park face more questions. The purpose that this text studies is as follows: First, make use of the police of national park at present to carry out state authority, the discussion of the present situation of state power, found the problems and seek the solution, in order to agree with local public sentiment and environmental justice, or provide the interested ones to do further study. Second, with the implementation of the policy of national park headquarters of every country on duty of the level land type and alpine type national park police, probe into the effect that enforcing the law and policy of every national park in order to urge on the progress of policy. Third, from the view of environmental justice, propose the suggestion direction that can give dual attention to the natural conservation and the safeguard aboriginals rights and interests, build and construct the win-win tactics, make the national park develop sustainable. This research regards every national park of our country as research scope, first , ‘the interested party’ ( stakeholder) is focused on the discussion, analysis of the national park interact with environmental justice, build and construct the relevant problems with environmental justice and the police of national park law enforcement, adopt the depth interview and concurrently observe on the spot to conduct the real diagnosis investigation and study, moving ahead simultaneously by observing on the spot, probe into the core of problem, obtains the real diagnosis investigation result material and compare with the literature materials, analyze synthetically with ‘the interested party’'s view finally, obtains at present the police of national park law enforcement and the environmental justice according to the analysis result the conformity, build and construct the win-win tactics. Real diagnosis of findings and suggestion the coordinate quotation correlation literature of this research is as follows: First, suggestion on the policy and management aspect. (1) Short range 1. strengthen the police of national park and carry out the function. (1) Reduce the administrative police's hardworking business, effective display law enforcement benefit. (2) Establishment the environmental volunteer police system to strengthen and patrol the mountain to ensure the efficiency of management. (3) Strengthen national park law enforcement training, mould police's professional image. (4) Promote the state authority that the police of national park carry out. 2. strengthen the police's humane education. (2) Medium-Long range 1. Amending the current inopportune laws and regulations as quickly as possible. (1) Amending inopportune laws and regulations as quickly as possible to enforce in accordance with the law. (2) Expanding participation and imitating and establishing the buffer zone, safeguard local aboriginals rights and interests. 2. Lead straight interested party's concept cognition. Second, suggestion on follow-up study. Due to limitation of research manpower, material resources, only six national parks are studied in this research including Shei-Pa, Yushan, Taroko (high mountain type) and Yangmingshan, Kenting, Kinmen ( level land type). Strongly suggest the follow-up researchers, in order to expand the research field to the forest region, forest class and forest and natural conservation police team of the policy unit of our country, can probe into all kinds of dependence topics of environmental justice more thoroughly. Key word: National park, the police personnel, the police of national park, state authority（or state power）, environmental justice.

台灣地區國家公園土地使用管制目前是以分區管制為主，許可制為輔。依據國家公園法之規定，國家公園區域內主要劃分為五大分區即生態保護區、史蹟保存區、特別景觀區、遊憩區與一般管制區。其中遊憩區與一般管制區為國家公園內僅可開發建築地區，然而劃設國家公園目的首重保育，因此國家公園內土地開發須兼顧保育，同時保育需要整體的土地使用規劃與管制；而目前國家公園內公私有土地並存，為顧及私人權益的情形下，土地使用規劃與管制又須兼顧私人權益。 由於分區管制長久實施結果無法考慮開發行為對環境的衝擊影響、較僵硬的管制方式未能因應未來自然與社經條件變化等管制體制上缺失；並且分區劃設經計畫審議公布後，直接賦與所有權人開發權力或禁止開發，對於財產權分配較不公平，造成園內土地所有權人抗爭。綜上所述，本研究即欲尋求能兼顧保育與開發、保障私有權益之土地使用管制方式。換言之，以開發許可制替代分區管制為國家公園土地使用管制方式。 本研究係經深入訪談及以舉辦座談會討論方式，釐清目前國家公園土地使用管制之課題，並參酌英國開發許可制運作模式與我國國內現行開發許可制進行比較分析，以作為建構國家公園開發許可制模式之基礎。 再者，最後所研擬實施國家公園開發許可制主要範圍為一般管制區與遊憩區；主要係從計畫架構、機關權責劃分、開發許可審核流程、審核內容等方面說明國家公園開發許可制之構想。

本論文分析台灣曾設立失敗或受阻的國家公園，探究為何在國家公園經營管理上國家能力會減弱？而國家和社會的互動又是如何影響著國家公園制度？從台灣的歷史脈絡、國家與社會結構下來理解政府設立國家公園遭遇的問題。 從日據時代開始國家公園制度就已引進台灣，本文發現台灣國家公園制度建立的過程和發展背景，造成了之後的種種問題：法律不周全和法律之間互相衝突矛盾、國家公園法制定時理念價值和保育有落差、移植自外國的法律跟台灣「水土不服」；而國家公園管理涉及多個不同的法律和機關，主管機關或相爭不下或「互推皮球」，更是國家公園治理問題的來源之一。原住民與國家公園的衝突，一方面是國家公園制度未尊重原住民的狩獵、採集文化，還有其法規和較嚴格的執法限制了原住民的經濟活動；另一方面，原住民長期處於弱勢和感受不被政府的尊重、照顧，讓原住民對於「國家」色彩濃厚的「國家公園」反感。 在台灣民主化之後的國家社會關係之下，雖然設立一個國家公園變得困難，但是有許多進步的想法與作法被提出，如生態智慧、共管機制等。筆者認為符合公民社會精神，由下而上、公眾參與的國家公園制度，才是人和自然「雙贏」的可能之道。最後筆者試圖以近年剛被引進台灣的「審議式民主」概念，來補充國家公園的共管機制。

本篇論文研究的目的，即是以動態人文研究的方式，了解生活在國家公園情境中之太魯閣人的主體觀點，希望探究政權、觀光與原住民三者間的網絡關係。亦即，探討的焦點在於代表政權力量（相對於當地族群之外來支配力量）展現的太魯閣國家公園，其藉由保育及觀光等經營管理的理念和方式，與太魯閣人產生了什麼樣的互動關係？而太魯閣國家公園與太魯閣人對於雙方關係形成的認知及回應又是什麼？ 　　本論文分為六章：第一章緒言；第二章乃探討近代太魯閣人於太魯閣國家公園成立前在社會文化等層面上的變遷；第三章要就太魯閣國家公園的設置與運作，說明太魯閣國家公園設置的目的及其組織概況，並且了解其經營管理的方式及其對「泰雅」圖像塑造的情形；第四章是探討參與國家公園事務及觀光活動之太魯閣人所處的工作情境如何？並欲了解國家公園的設立如何影響族人生計方式的變遷與持續？第五章則論及《國家公園法》等相關法令的矛盾及雙重標準，導致太魯閣人與國家公園的對立，並嘗試了解造成太魯閣人認知解放的因素，以及族群動員的過程與結果；第六章結論，說明本論文的研究發現與心得。

過去原住民保留地政策是政府為管理、安撫原住民的產物，延續至今，原住民保留地政策變成政府為保障原住民生計的手段，加之，近年國際思潮影響政府觀念轉變，原住民逐漸展現其自主性，經過努力爭取，促請政府頒佈「原住民族基本法」，因此，原住民族土地權利範疇從保留地延伸至傳統領域。 同時，更由於馬告國家公園設立事件及司馬庫斯櫸木事件的刺激，政府訂定「原住民族地區資源共同管理辦法」，重申政府應尊重原住民土地資源權利，與原住民族建立共同管理機制，賦予原住民參與土地資源決策及管理的權利，奠立未來原住民族自主管理的基礎，故而，本研究重點即在於原住民族土地資源的共同管理機制。 基此，本研究採取文獻回顧、模型分析、個案研究、焦點團體訪談、深度訪談、參與式觀察等研究方法，運用Hayami & Ruttan的制度變遷模型及Lars Corlsson（2005）的共同管理決策模式，選擇新竹縣尖石鄉泰雅族玉峰村馬里光部落群及秀巒村基那吉部落群為研究個案。 接著，本研究加以釐清研究個案範圍內各個地方社群或單位不同的土地利用方式、各種土地利用的需求及各自的發展目標；並就馬告國家公園、原住民族地區資源共同管理辦法與國家公園法修正草案中共同管理機制加以比較分析，深入剖析原住民地區範圍內資源治理區域的共同管理機制議題；且審視政府與原住民訂定的土地資源利用與管理之正式與非正式制度，透過個案分析瞭解原住民族與政府認知之間的落差，析論原住民族傳統土地利用方式與政府土地管理法令之扞挌之處，以檢驗台灣當前原住民族土地資源共同管理制度是否有其缺失。 最終，從上述議題討論中，思考未來原住民族土地的利用與管理制度應解決那些問題，及應如何整合政府主管機關與地方原住民之意見，並提出共同管理機制之設計原則建議，以供政府與部落建構共管機制之參考。 / Indigenous Reserved Land policy was a product of the government’s managing and placating indigenous people. Nowadays, it becomes a means for the government to secure the economy and livelihood in indigenous area. In the past few years, the international trend of indigenous discourse changed the government’s concept. Indigenous people gradually showed their subjectivity and made the government pass the “Indigenous Peoples Basic Law”. After that, the land right of indigenous people extends from limited Indigenous Reserved Lands to the wider traditional territory. Meanwhile, because of the debate over the setting of Magao National Park and the conflict happened in the Smagus Beech Event, the government issued the “Regulation of resource co-management in indigenous area”, which reaffirms that the government should respect the land/resource rights of indigenous people. It also states that the government should establish the co-management mechanism, empower indigenous people’s participation and decision rights in the land/resources management. It provides the base of indigenous people’s self-government. The purpose of this thesis is to study the co-management mechanism in the indigenous area. This study adopts research methods include literature review, model analysis, case study, focus group interview, in-depth interview, and participant observation. It applies both Hayami and Ruttan’s institutional innovation model and Lars Corlsson’s co-management model, and analyzes the cases in the Mrqwang and Knazi sub-groups of Atayal indigenous people. These two sub-groups are located in Yufeng Village and Xiuluan Village, Jianshin Township, Hsinchu County, according to the administrative district nowadays. This study clarifies the differences of land uses, land demands, and development goals between these two communities. In order to analyze the issues of co-management mechanism in indigenous area, this study compares the co-management mechanisms designed in “Magao National Park Plan Draft”, “Regulation of Resource Co-management in Indigenous Area”, and “Amendment Draft of National Park Law”. Further more, this study surveys the informal and formal land/resources institutions and analyzes the difference between the government and the indigenous people’s perceptions of these institutions. Afterward, it analyzes the conflicts between the government’s land management laws and indigenous traditional land uses, and points out the problems of indigenous land/resources co-management institution in Taiwan. At the end, this study summarizes the problems that indigenous land institution should solve in the future. It also makes suggestions to integrate the opinions of the governmental authorities and local indigenous people, so that the co-management mechanism can be established in principles.

因應二十一世紀「全球化」時代的來臨，無論私人企業或公務部門 ，無不以提高效能為首要之追求目標，藉以強化競爭力，其中最主要因 素在於人力資源，惟有人力資源不斷地被開發，工作知識傳承式累積以及組織能耐持續釋放，是任何成長型組織創造競爭優勢的基礎，管理大師Peter Drucker（2000）曾提出，未來的組織不是運用勞工而是知識工作者，所謂知識工作者，就是懂得如何運用知識從事生產的人（吳秉恩；2005）。 面對知識革命的浪潮，警察工作配合時代潮流演變，瞬息萬變，「在職訓練」（on-the-job training）是唯一立於不敗之地、不為潮流所淘汰的主要途徑之一，早期曾有位警政署署長曾喊出：「訓練是員警最大的福利」口號，突顯教育訓練之重要性，近期內政部更進一步、有效落實員警在職訓練之意涵，特於2003年4月定頒＜警察常年訓練辦法＞乙種，將警察之常年訓練之實施方式、種類，行諸於具體文字，展現高層決策者對於警察教育工作之重視。 研究教育訓練之相關理論者眾多，學者Goldstein（1986）指出訓練的基本架構大致包括：需求評估（Needs Assessment）、訓練與發展（Development）、評估（Evaluation）及訓練目標等四部分，國內學者吳秉恩（2002）以策略性人力培訓之觀點認為，進一步闡述實施員工培訓之合理程序：一、確定培訓需求，首要任務。二、決定培訓目標，計畫基礎。三、選擇培訓計畫，依序執行。四、執行培訓計畫，軟硬兼施。五、評估成效回饋，檢討改進。等具體之程序，本研究內容係藉由我國專業警察機關間，因其警察角色與一般行政警察之扮演不同，且各機關間屬性不一，其對於「專業訓練」重視之情形，對應於我國家公園警察專業訓練，作一全面性探討。 本文藉作者本身在國家公園警察大隊服務，且兼辦常年教育訓練業務多年之經驗實證分析，並探討國內外有關文獻，實際訪談有關人員，秉持「他山之石可攻錯」之精神，從多方面對於現況作研討，得到以下結論： 一、發現： （一）、目前專業警察的常年訓練存在的問題。 1.現有專業訓練設備不足。 2.專業訓練課程缺乏完整規劃。 （二）、國家公園警察常年訓練面臨的問題。 1.訓練設備不足。 2.專業職能學、術科學者、專家人才庫未建立，師資遴聘造成困難。 3.專業性的教育訓練器材缺乏。 4.訓練課程設計與規劃過於僵化。 5.部分專業課程缺乏書面輔助教材。 6.澄清部分受訪者易混淆的觀念。 二、建議： （一）、短期 1.積極籌劃專業人才庫及師資管道的建立。 2.常訓課程規劃應符合各隊特性。 3.妥加運用現有教學環境優勢。 4.建立完整專業訓練課程書面之教材。 5.鼓勵教官、助教的終身學習及在職進修。 （二）、中期 1.擬訂一套機制激發單位主管對訓練工作的重視及管考。 2.國家公園警察人力資源運用的調整。 3.訓練設備之增建。 4.民間資源運用及經驗交流。 （三）、長期 1.推動遠距或線上互動學習網絡。 2.成立國家公園警察刑事單位專責案件偵辦。 3.專業訓練設備的購置、增加訓練需求。 / With the forthcoming trend of the 21st century’s “globalization”, the private enterprises or the government departments try strenuously to raising the effectiveness as the pursuing goal so as to strengthening their competitive- ness. One of the main components is “human resources”. The foundations of any growing organization to create its superiority of competitiveness are to constantly developing “human resources”, to accu- mulatively inheriting work knowledge, and to continuously releasing the energy of this organization. Peter Drucker suggested in 2000 that the organizations of the future are not run by labors, but by knowledge workers. ( Wu, Bin-en, 2005) Facing the wave of knowledge revolution, police works have to do with the changing tides of the society. On-the-job training is one and the only way to cope with the elimination through competition. To focus on the importance of on-the-job training of the police, the Ministry of the Interior further issued a national “police on-the-job training measure” in April 2003 to make it more practicable. This on-the-job training measure fulfills the methods, the manners of training in specific words to show the respect of the police work among top management level. Among many researchers studied in the education and training fields, Goldstein (1986) pointed out that the essential structures of training included needs assessments, training and development, evaluation, and goals of training. Domestic researcher, Wu, Bin-en (2002), viewed with strategical aspects of human resources in cultivation and training, exerted that the ideal procedures of training employees would be: 1). To determine the need of training of employees as the priority. 2). To decide the goal of training as the foundation of training program. 3). To select training programs to execute orderly. 4). To execute training programs with the carrot or the club. 5). To evaluate and review training performances and feedbacks. Due to the different goals and roles between the specialized police agencies and administrative police agencies, this study overall studies the contents and the importance of the on-the-job trainings in specialized police agency—the National Park Police Corps. As a senior staff officer of the National Park Police Corps, and with several years of experiences in area of police on-the-job training, the author analyzed with experience and studied numerous documents in and abroad, personally interviewed relevant individuals. With the belief of “another’s suggestion can remedy one’s own defects”, the author tried in many aspects to discuss and came to the conclusions as follow: 1). To discover: A. the problems existed in the specialized police agencies: (a) inadequate facilities in specialized training, and (b) lack of complete plans in specialized training. B. the problems existed in the National Park Police Corps: (a) inadequate facilities in training. (b) short of specialized personnel both in academic and in martial circles, incomplete data bank of human resources. (c) lack of facilities in specialized training , especially those of ski, diving, ( mountain) climbing, upstream inspection, etc. (d) stiff training courses, lack of dedicate and complete planning or designing. (e) some specialized training programs are without written or printed documents, especially in martial art training. C. To clarify the confused concepts of the interviewed: Those who were interviewed tended to believe that insufficient training budgets and inadequate facilities in shooting ranges would affect training performances. They also tended to believe that, as sub-brigades of the National Park Police Corps scattered-situated, would affect learning performances. But, this study shows otherwise. 2). To suggest: A. to actively build up data bank of specialized personnel. B. to make a fitful training programs. C. to make good use superiorities of teaching environments. D. to collect some training documents and publish some reference books. E. to encourage instructors or assistant instructors to life- long learning or on-the-job studying. F. to set up a scheme to inspire the police chiefs to valuate and to pay attention to training programs. G. to adjust the human- resources of the National Park Police Corps. H. to increase the facilities in specialized training. I. to use of civil resources. J. to use distance learning or computer-assisted learning network. K. to add the section of criminal investigation. L. to increase the facilities and courses in specialized training.

過去政府的保育政策多施行於國有地上，盡量避免限制私有土地上的經濟活動，卻也造成保護區周邊私有土地利用上，與保育目的不相容的情形，致使共享性資源（common pool resources, CPRs）走向悲劇一途。本文以宜蘭雙連埤濕地作為個案，從深度訪談瞭解該地私有地保育的困境，並從「協力治理」（collaborative governance）的角度分析，發現政府單方面的保育政策，難以達到良好的私地保育效果。本研究透過深度訪談追蹤雙連埤的保育努力過程，發現最後能夠維持雙連埤的風貌，荒野協會等民間保育團體功不可沒。保育團體不具備管理的職責，比較容易與在地居民的建立情感聯繫，能作為政府與居民之間的溝通橋樑；他們擁有豐富的生態知識，能化自然資源為物質性誘因（material incentives），結合居民生計與生態保育的行動，減輕私有地上活動對環境的壓力。透過「由下而上」的共享性資源管理模式，雙連埤的案例展現如何透過協力合產與「社基保育」（Community-Based Conservation）模式，破除「生態」與「生計」無法共存的迷思，進而達到永續發展的目的。 / Conservational policies have been known more applicable to public lands. Yet endangered species can not tell and thus have suffered from the economic activities on private land, leading to an inevitable tragedy. This thesis adopts Shuang-Lien Lake as a case to demonstrate the possibility of an alternative, community-based approach. Through in-depth interviews with policy makers and major stakeholders, this research indicates how collaboration between local government and voluntary citizen groups could overcome the oppositions by local residents against conserving valuable ecologic system on private land.

過去幾十年來，當地社區，科學家和政府官員不得不面對日益惡化的環境惡化以及對可持續發展和資源利用日益增長的需求。 近年來,為了解決日益增長的問題，土地和資源共同管理的概念越來越受歡迎。 共同管理通常被定義為⸢兩個以上的社會行為者之間談判，界定和保證公平分享給定領土，地區或一套自然資源的管理職能，權利和責任的情況⸥ (Borrini et al. 2000) 。 更具體地說，森林共同管理是指分享責任的領域和資源與森林有關的請況。 在理論上，森林共同管理的好處不僅應該是環境，而且應該是社會經濟。 在本論文中，我將對台灣的共同管理案例研究，十多年前成立的太魯閣國家公園合作管理委員會，以及另一個最近新出現的魯凱族和 台灣林業局。 為了提供台灣共同管理協議的示範框架，我還將討論加入加拿大國家公園管理的共同管理。 我將在台灣和加拿大的相關殖民時期追溯土著國家關係的歷史和演變，以更好地了解當前原住民族和國家共同管理工作的基礎。 本論文還將討論國際原住民族權利制度的出現在台灣制定本國原住民族政策方面發揮的作用。 我將了解原住民如何適應台灣國家公園和森林管理工作的政策和決策框架。 在評估原住民族與中央政府在這方面的權力關係的性質時，我的目的是回答以下問題：台灣當地原住民族如何與台灣政府達成共同管理協議？ 在分析歷史和國際背景，政策框架和每個案例的具體細節時，我將就台灣當局與原住民部落未來的共同管理工作提出建議。 / Over the past several decades, local communities, scientists, and government officials have had to contend with increasing environmental degradation and the growing need for sustainable development and resource use. In more recent years, in order to address these rising concerns, the concept of co-management of land and resources has become increasingly popular. Co-management is commonly defined as “a situation in which two or more social actors negotiate, define, and guarantee amongst themselves a fair sharing of the management functions, entitlements and responsibilities for a given territory, area or set of natural resources” (Borrini et al. 2000). More specifically, forest co-management refers to situations in which the area and resources for which responsibility is being shared are forest-related. In theory, the benefits of forest co-management should not only be environmental, but socioeconomic as well. In this thesis, I will conduct two case studies of co-management in Taiwan, the Taroko National Park co-management committee, which was established over a decade ago, and another more recently emerging case of co-management between Rukai indigenous peoples and the Taiwan Forestry Bureau. In order to provide a model framework for Taiwanese co-management agreements, I will also discuss co-management as it has been incorporated into Canadian national park management. I will trace the history and evolution of indigenous-state relations across the pertinent periods of colonization in both Taiwan and Canada to better understand the foundations upon which current indigenous-state co-management efforts have been constructed. This thesis will also touch upon the role that the emergence of an international indigenous rights regime has played in shaping domestic indigenous policies in Taiwan. I will identify how indigenous peoples fit into the policy and decision-making frameworks of Taiwan’s national park and forest management efforts. In assessing the nature of power relations between indigenous peoples and the central government in this context, I aim to answer the following question: how do local Taiwanese indigenous peoples engage in co-management agreements with the state government of Taiwan? Upon analyzing the historical and international contexts, the policy frameworks, and the specific details of each case, I will posit suggestions for future co-management efforts between the Taiwanese state government and indigenous communities.

本研究嘗試結合政策網絡與新制度論的分析，描述與解釋民主國家中弱勢團體在政策網絡的地位與影響。 透過對政策網絡的文獻檢閱，本研究提出結合政策網絡與新制度論的分析架構，將弱勢團體在政策網絡中的地位與影響分為正式網絡關係與非正式網絡關係，以及網絡形成與網絡互動兩部分以進行分析。 除基礎理論辯證外，本文以原住民參與能丹國家公園設置的規劃過程為個案，分析原住民團體在先天上不對等的資源與地位下，如何透過制度設計以及相關的社會建構，影響網絡中的互動過程以及政策產出。 在個案研究中，將分析與「設置能丹國家公園」相關的正式規則，包括憲法、原住民委員會、國家公園法，以及相關社會建構的非正式規則，如何對政策網絡的形成以及規劃過程造成影響。 第一章 緒論 第一節 研究動機 第二節 研究問題 第三節 研究目的 第四節 研究範圍 第二章 文獻檢閱 第一節 決策過程中弱勢團體地位的理論回顧 第二節 政策網絡理論(Policy Network Theory)的概念 第三節 政策網絡研究的發展 第四節 政策網絡與政策結果 第三章 建立政策網絡之決策模型 第一節 連結政策網絡與政策產出的分析架構 第二節 結合新制度論與政策網絡之理論辯證 第三節 政策網絡形成---正式與非正式網絡關係 第四節 政策網絡中政策過程 第四章 個案分析-以能丹國家公園設置問題為個案 第一節 研究設計 第二節 國家公園與原住民關係之文獻檢閱 第三節 能丹國家公園設置之政策網絡形成 第四節 能丹國家公園設置之政策網絡互動過程 第五章 結論 第一節 研究發現 第二節 研究建議 / The research attempt to describe and explain the position and influence of minority in policy network of democratic state by combined the Policy network theory and New institutionalism. The research bring the framework of linking the Policy network theory and New institutionalism to divide the position and influence of minority into formal network relations and informal relations, network shaping and network interaction. Except discussing the foundational theory, the research cites the aboriginal participated the formulation of Nen-Dan National Park for case study. To analysis how can aboriginal effected the policy output though they are the minority.