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No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Wellington Jhonner Divino Barbosa da Silva - 2016.pdf: 1012224 bytes, checksum: a5a1f3a7d19197fcc599bf3f7b29561d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Studies related to deaf education are, historically, themes that worry many professionals in education area, especially when they relate to reading and writing skills, since most of deaf learners finish elementary school without having mastery of these skills. Notwithstanding, studies which focus on Portuguese as a second language (L2), for deaf learners, have been the sources of such concerns. Thus, we problematize: What are the teaching practices of written Portuguese Language that have been developed by the professors of deaf students? And what are the reading and writing practices experienced by deaf students that contribute to the acquisition of written Portuguese Language? Therefore, this study, generally, aims to analyze the teaching practices of written Portuguese as a second language for deaf leaners of elementary school and, specifically: to describe the practice of teaching Portuguese language for deaf students; to analyze the reading and writing practices that contribute to the learning of written Portuguese language as an L2 for deaf in the context of inclusive education, and to characterize teaching methodology and assessment of written Portuguese Language as an L2 for the deaf. This research was developed with two participating subjects; they were Portuguese language teachers from two elementary and public schools in a town that belongs to the micro-region of the Southeast of Goiás. To do so, we adopted a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews and nonparticipant observations. The collected data were transcribed and categorized in relation to formation, reading and writing, Portuguese as an L1 and L2, written assessment of deaf students, interaction of teacher and interpreter, and interaction of deaf and hearing students. The results showed that the teaching of Portuguese Language as an L2, in the written form, is not effective in the everyday school life of the deaf elementary school students in the researched context, considering they are in the learning phase of Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) and Portuguese Language simultaneously. Thus, it is not possible to learn and/or to teach an L2 before the learners have already systematized their L1. Furthermore, the process of teaching these two languages is under the responsibility of the Brazilian Sign Language interpreter, since the students neither attend the Educational Specialized Service nor have contact with deaf instructors and besides, regarding the evaluation of written productions by deaf students we observed that teachers are in doubt about how and what to assess, since the written ability is still limited. / Os estudos relacionados à escolarização de surdos, historicamente, são temas que inquietam muitos profissionais da área da educação, ainda mais quando se reportam às habilidades de leitura e escrita, pois a maioria dos surdos finaliza o Ensino Fundamental sem ter domínio de tais habilidades. Não obstante, as investigações com foco na Língua Portuguesa como segunda língua (L2), para esse público, têm sido objeto gerador de constantes inquietações. Desse modo, problematizam-se: quais as práticas de ensino de Língua Portuguesa escrita são desenvolvidas pelos professores de alunos surdos? e quais são as práticas de leitura e escrita vivenciadas pelos alunos surdos que contribuem para a aquisição da Língua Portuguesa escrita? Com efeito, o presente estudo objetiva, de modo geral: analisar as práticas de ensino de Língua Portuguesa escrita como L2 para surdos do ensino básico e, de maneira específica: descrever as práticas de ensino de Língua Portuguesa de professores de alunos surdos no contexto da inclusão escolar; analisar as práticas de leitura e escrita que contribuem para aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa escrita como L2 para surdos; e caracterizar metodologia de ensino e de avaliação de Língua Portuguesa escrita como L2 para surdos. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com dois sujeitos participantes, professores de Língua Portuguesa de duas Escolas de Ensino Fundamental Final da Rede Pública Estadual de uma cidade pertencente à microrregião do Sudeste Goiano. Para tanto, adotou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, com entrevistas semiestruturadas e observações não participantes. Os dados coletados foram transcritos e, a partir de então, estabelecidas categorias referentes à formação, leitura e escrita, português como L1 e L2, avaliação das produções escritas dos alunos surdos, relação professor e intérprete e interação aluno surdo e ouvinte. Os resultados demonstraram que o ensino de Língua Portuguesa, na modalidade escrita como L2, não se efetiva no cotidiano escolar dos alunos surdos do Ensino Fundamental no contexto pesquisado, tendo em vista que eles estão em fase de aprendizagem tanto da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) quanto do Português, de maneira simultânea. Portanto, não há como aprender e/ou ensinar uma L2 sem que os aprendizes já tenham sistematizado sua L1. Ademais, o processo de ensinar essas duas línguas está sob a responsabilidade do intérprete de Libras, já que os alunos não frequentam o Atendimento Educacional Especializado e tampouco têm contato com instrutores surdos e, além disso, evidenciou- se que os professores ficam em dúvida sobre como e o que avaliar, uma vez que consideram as escritas dos surdos, ainda, limitadas.

A Sociologia, a partir do seu retorno à educação básica como disciplina escolar obrigatória, no ano de 2009 no estado de São Paulo, tornou-se palco de discussões que refletiam sobre seus objetivos, currículo, material didático, condições de trabalho e formação docente. Sua trajetória histórica intermitente pelo currículo trouxe implicações para as pesquisas voltadas a esta temática que, mesmo existindo em número considerável, constituem ainda escassas referências para aqueles e aquelas que se aventuram no ensino de Sociologia. Nesta pesquisa, que tem por objeto de estudo as práticas docentes de um professor e uma professora de Sociologia da rede pública de ensino do estado de São Paulo, compreende-se a escola e seus agentes como produtores de cultura e, por isso, analisa-se aquilo que professores/as de Sociologia realizam na sala de aula. Acredita-se que estas análises realizadas sobre práticas observadas em uma mesma escola dizem respeito a condições e questões que perpassam o nível individual e ao mesmo tempo contribuem para discussões relacionadas tanto ao que é específico da rede estadual paulista quanto ao que está se configurando como próprio da Sociologia no formato de disciplina escolar. / Sociology, from its return to basic education as a mandatory subject in the State of São Paulo, in 2009, has become object of discussions regarding its objectives, curriculum, teaching resources, work environment and teacher formation. Its intermittent historical trajectory in the curriculum has brought about some implications to the research in the area, which, even though existing to a considerable extent, still yields scarce references to those who venture teaching Sociology. The present research, based upon the teaching practice of two São Paulo public-school Sociology teachers, a man and a woman, understands the school and its agents as culture producers and, therefore, analyses what Sociology teachers actually do in the classroom. We believe the analysis performed about practices observed in a single school regard conditions and questions which pervade the individual level, yet contribute to discussions related both to specificities of São Paulos public school and to what has been coming forth as belonging to Sociology as school subject.

Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a origem e os fundamentos históricos dos movimentos em defesa da utilização de recursos audiovisuais na educação. A partir do contexto histórico-cultural em que se situa o sistema educacional brasileiro, procura-se resgatar no período compreendido entre 1920 a 1940, a história dos projetos educacionais que buscavam integrar os meios de comunicação e a educação.. Nesse período surgiram as primeiras teorias e discursos favoráveis ao emprego do rádio e do cinema na política educacional brasileira. O cinema emergiu como objeto de importância fundamental nesta pesquisa porque, enquanto imagem-movimento ou projeção animada (SERRANO, Jonathas & VENÂNCIO FILHO, 1930), foi motivo de amplas discussões por parte dos escolanovistas, na primeira metade do século XX, que enfatizavam a sua eficiente contribuição no processo ensino-aprendizagem e na formação da mentalidade no contexto educacional. Por outro lado, sob o ponto de vista da Igreja Católica e do Estado Novo tal aparelho ideológico de informação (ALTHUSSER, Louis, s.d.), poderia difundir a ideologia de reconstrução social e nacional. Esta pesquisa foi direcionada por uma concepção de totalidade, buscando-se compreender a construção histórica das relações Cinema/Educação/Igreja/Estado. A periodização (1920-1945) se justifica porque nessa época, foram encontrados os primeiros debates e críticas a respeito do mau uso do cinema e paralelamente o surgimento da necessidade de se aplicar a cinematografia à educação e consequentemente nas práticas pedagógicas escolares, tendo em vista a veiculação do processo de disciplinarização, moralização, higienização da sociedade, especialmente da juventude, bem como a efetivação do projeto de reconstrução nacional, voltado para a formação de uma coletividade histórica e para a consolidação do nacionalismo. / This thesis aims to analyze the origin and historical background of the movements in defense of the use of audiovisual resources in education. From the historical and cultural context in which lies the Brazilian educational system, seeks to rescue the period 1920-1940, the history of educational projects seeking to integrate the media and education. During this period, the first two theories and speeches in favor of the use of radio and film in Brazilian educational policy. The film emerged as crucial object in this research because, while \"movement-image\" or \"animated projection\" (SERRANO, Jonathas & SON VENÂNCIO, 1930), was subject of extensive discussions by the New School in the first half of the twentieth century which emphasized its efficient contribution to the teaching-learning process and the formation of mentality in the educational context. On the other hand, from the point of view of the Catholic Church and the New State such \"ideological apparatus of information\" (Althusser, Louis, s.d.) could spread the ideology of social and national reconstruction. This research was directed by a totality of design, seeking to understand the historical construction of relations Movie/ Education / Church / State. The periodization (1920-1945) is justified because this time, the first debate and criticism about the \"misuse of cinema\" were found in parallel the emergence of the need to apply the cinematography education and consequently in teaching practices, and a view to serving the process of \"disciplining\", \"moralizing\", \"sanitization\" of society, especially the youth, as well as the realization of the national reconstruction project, aimed at the formation of a historical society and the consolidation of nationalism.

Second language (L2) teacher cognition has in recent years attracted the attention of an increasing number of researchers. While much L2 teacher cognition research focuses on the teaching of grammar (e.g. Phipps & Borg, 2009), L2 writing teacher cognition has received considerably less attention. It has, however, been suggested that L2 writing teachers’ perceptions of themselves as writers (Casanave, 2004) and as language learners may play a crucial role in their decision making as teachers of L2 writing. In an attempt to address this gap in the L2 teacher cognition literature, this study investigates English as a second language (ESL) writing teachers' beliefs about themselves as language learners and as writers in their first and/or second language(s). The purpose is to discover how ESL writing teachers’ beliefs about and practice of teaching L2 writing are influenced by their experiences in writing in their first and/ or second languages. Three native (NES) and two non-native English-speaking (NNES) teachers teaching L2 writing took part in the study. During a 15-week semester, their ESL writing classes were periodically observed and audio-recorded. Additionally, each teacher was interviewed two times using stimulated recall regarding both their classroom instructional practices and instruction provided in the margins of student papers. Findings revealed that, language learning in general was an important contributor to both NNES and NES teachers’ cognitions. Even NES teachers who were not advanced in their respective second and/or additional languages still referred to their language learning experiences. The NNES teacher participants also commented that they sometimes had to step out of their own language experience in order to better help their students. Results also indicated that L2 writing teachers without advanced L2 literacy skills were influenced primarily by their L1 writing experiences. L2 writing teachers with advanced L2 literacy skills, however, were greatly influenced by their L2 writing experience. In all of the cases, being an advanced writer, whether in their L1 or L2s, was an important contributor to L2 writing teachers’ cognitions.

The purpose of this study is to interpret observations of three 6th grade elementary mathematics classrooms throughout a unit in detail. Specifically, this study examined the patterns and traditions related with teaching practices in the context of teaching a unit, teaching a topic, and single lessons, and described frequently observed teaching features in mathematics lessons. This study presented a detailed description and analysis of teaching practices of three experienced mathematics teacher from three public elementary schools. The participated teachers were directly observed through teaching a different mathematics unit. The teaching and learning practices in each classroom was described and analyzed both separately and together. The results of this study indicated that teaching a mathematics unit could be described as the combination of separately taught topics where the sequences of topics are strictly determined by elementary mathematics curriculum. There was no specific practice aiming to construct relation between unit&rsquo / s concepts and other school subjects, other mathematics concepts, and among these concepts. Teaching practices throughout a topic showed explicit similarities so that a pattern for teaching a topic can be described as demonstrating the new content, practicing the new content, and assigning and doing homework. It was not possible to draw a pattern for teaching practices in elementary mathematics lessons by using single lesson periods as a unit of analysis. &lsquo / Practicing&rsquo / was the most occurred activity in elementary mathematics lessons. Based on the findings some suggestions for future research studies were proposed, and some implications for teachers, teacher educators and policy makers were delivered.

This study was aimed to provide insight about affective teaching practices that influence students&#039 / affective characteristics in physics lessons using mixed methodology. Affective characteristics consisted of attitudes and motivation. For this purpose Keller&#039 / s ARCS (attention, relevance, confidence, satisfaction) model was revised by adding Communication category. The Affective Teaching Practices Questionnaire, including these categories, was administered to 1,138 students and 31 physics teachers in Ankara. Moreover, the Affective Characteristics Questionnaire was administered to students to find out the relationship between students&#039 / affective characteristics and their perceptions about the teaching practices used by teachers. Four physics teachers, who were performing teaching practices frequently, were purposefully selected according to results of quantitative phase. In qualitative phase, observations were conducted in these teachers&#039 / classrooms to find out teaching practices used to enhance affective characteristics and their effects. Besides, interviews were conducted to support observations. The quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed by cross case analysis. Results revealed that affective teaching practices are related to students&#039 / affective characteristics. Assisting comprehension and providing role models to students are effective for enhancing affective characteristics. Similarly, providing students concrete materials / arousing their inquiry / organizing what is taught from simple to difficult / attributing success to effort / relating topic to students&#039 / experience / stating clearly what is expected of students / providing feedback / using positive outcomes / giving enough time to students / using clear, understandable, fluent language in lessons / caring about teaching / being self-confident / caring about students / and providing an atmosphere suitable for learning are also effective.

The current study seeks to investigate pre-service elementary mathematics teachers&rsquo / (PEMTs&rsquo / ) self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies within the context of their teaching practices in the field work. It was aimed to explore the SRL processes and strategies of four PEMTs while preparing mathematics lessons at their practice schools. In addition to PEMTs&rsquo / SRL strategies, the changes and adaptations through their teaching practices and reasons of those changes were also examined in the study. In total 22 pre-interviews and 22 post-interviews were made through the study. Observations were also performed for each teaching practice. Besides observations, PEMTs&rsquo / end of semester reflection papers in the context of Teaching Practice course were examined in the study. In addition to those multiple data sources, initial interviews representing detailed information about the participants were also analyzed. The overall data were analyzed by using the SRL framework combined and adapted from Zimmerman&rsquo / s and Pintrich&rsquo / s SRL models. The findings of the pre-interviews revealed that PEMTs began with a &lsquo / lesson planning process&rsquo / reflecting the forethought phase. This phase included searching resources, arranging and organizing the available sources, asking for help and feedback when needed, mental planning of the lesson, and setting goals for the teaching session. These strategies were considered as cognitive self-regulation strategies. In addition to cognitive SRL strategies, motivational factors such as self-efficacy, perception of task, and intrinsic interest were appeared in the study. Post-interviews reflecting the self-reflection phase revealed that PEMTs had a self-evaluation process covering various issues for their teaching sessions as a final step through the study. Finally, it was seen that contextual issues related to teaching practice played a substantial role in PEMTs&rsquo / SRL strategies.

Over the past decade over 600M in funding has been devoted to bringing about reform in science education, but little is known about who is implementing reform, the extent of reform implementation and how educational contexts differentially impact reform innovations. This dissertation explores the results of the Multi-Initiative Dissemination Project (MID Project), a national curriculum reform program that was designed to propagate reform pedagogy among undergraduate chemistry faculty in faculty development workshops. We analyzed data from surveys, in-class observations and faculty interviews to explore the relationships between the participant faculty demographic features and their pedagogy and teaching philosophy before and following exposure to the workshops. We found interesting demographic characteristics that distinguish the participant faculty from the academic chemistry faculty responding to the ACS 2000 census. Also, our study uncovered relationships between the participants' demographic features and their conceptions of teaching and practices that may mediate the impact of pedagogical interventions such as curriculum reform workshops. This dissertation describes these relationships and their implications for policies supporting reform efforts

Using a combined quantitative, qualitative approach, this study explores the teaching practices of outstanding faculty at a private, liberal arts institutions by posing questions that revolve around learner-centered teaching practices, characteristics of outstanding teachers, effective teaching, and pressures on the professoriate related to the phenomena of academic capitalism. Outstanding professors from the College of Arts and Sciences, and Schools of Business, Education, and Nursing were invited to participate in this research. Weimer's (2002) five learner-centered changes to teaching practice framed this investigative study. This conceptual framework consists of altering the role of the teacher, balancing power in the classroom between teacher and students, changing the function of course content, instilling student responsibilities for learning, and using different processes and purposes for evaluation that serve to guide teacher and students interactions throughout the course.The findings of the study suggest that faculty from the School of Education agree with and implement all five of Weimer's (2002) learner-centered changes to teaching practice. However, there is incongruence between the learner-centered teaching beliefs and learner-centered teaching practices of outstanding teachers from the College of Arts and Sciences and the Schools of Business and Nursing. This study seems to indicate that several pressures on the professoriate including the phenomena associated with academic capitalism affect teaching practices in the classroom. Existing learner-centered practice models can be informed by the salient findings of this study.

No description available.